Recent phylogenetic studies amended the taxonomy of three-toed jerboas(subfamily Dipodinae),including raising subspecies to full species.Here,we use geometric morphometrics to compare scaled-shape differences in dipod...Recent phylogenetic studies amended the taxonomy of three-toed jerboas(subfamily Dipodinae),including raising subspecies to full species.Here,we use geometric morphometrics to compare scaled-shape differences in dipodine crania while considering their revised taxonomy.We sampled Dipus deasyi,D.sagitta halli,D.s.sowerbyi,Jaculus blanfordi blanfordi,J.hirtipes,J.jaculus,J.loftusi,J.orientalis gerboa,J.o.mauritanicus,and Stylodipus andrewsi.Crania were not sexually dimorphic.Common allometry explained some of the shape variation,for example,reduced braincases in larger specimens.Most operational taxonomic unit pairs differed in both size and shape.Dipus and Stylodipus clustered together based on their cranial shape.Jaculus differed from the aforementioned genera by its larger tympanic bulla,broader braincase,larger infraorbital foramen,along with reduced molars and rostra.Jaculus orientalis differed from other Jaculus by its broader face versus reduced cranial vault.Jaculus blanfordi(subgenus Haltomys)resembles members of the subgenus Jaculus more than its consubgener(J.orientalis).Jaculus loftusi,previously considered a synonym of J.jaculus,clearly differed from the latter by its shorter rostrum,smaller infraorbital foramen,and more caudolaterally expanded tympanic bulla.Jaculus hirtipes,another recent synonym of J.jaculus,resembled J.blanfordi more in scaled cranial shape than it did J.jaculus.Dipus sagitta halli and D.s.sowerbyi were indistinguishable,but they clearly differed from D.deasyi(recently raised to full species)with the latter having a larger molar row,more inflated tympanic bulla,and shorter,slenderer rostrum.Ecological explanations for detected cranial shape differences are considered,including diet and habitat(particularly substrate).展开更多
The Museum of Human Anatomy in Naples houses a collection of ancient Graeco-Roman crania.The aim of this study was to use multislice computed tomography(MSCT)to evaluate and objectively quantify potential differences ...The Museum of Human Anatomy in Naples houses a collection of ancient Graeco-Roman crania.The aim of this study was to use multislice computed tomography(MSCT)to evaluate and objectively quantify potential differences in cranial dimensions and shapes between ancient Graeco-Roman crania(n=36)and modern-day southern Italian crania(n=35)and then to characterize the cranial changes occurring over more than 2000 years,known as secular change.The authors used traditional metric criteria and morphometric geometry to compare shape differences between the sets of crania.Statistically significant differences in size between the ancient and modern crania included shorter facial length,narrower external palate,smaller minimum cranial breadth,shorter right and left mastoid processes,and wider maximum occipital and nasal breadth.The shape changes from the ancient to modern crania included a global coronal enlargement of the face and cranial diameters,with more anterior projection of the face at the anterior nasal spine,but also posterior projection at the glabella and the nasion.It is not possible to determine whether these differences result exclusively from secular changes in the cranium or from other factors,including a mix of secular change and other unknown factors.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first MSCT-based study to compare ancient Graeco-Roman and modern-day southern Italian crania and to characterize shape and size differences.展开更多
Subject Code:D02 With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,a collaborative study by the research groups led by Prof.Wu Xiujie(吴秀杰)from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoan...Subject Code:D02 With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,a collaborative study by the research groups led by Prof.Wu Xiujie(吴秀杰)from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Prof.Erik Trinkaus from Washington展开更多
文摘Recent phylogenetic studies amended the taxonomy of three-toed jerboas(subfamily Dipodinae),including raising subspecies to full species.Here,we use geometric morphometrics to compare scaled-shape differences in dipodine crania while considering their revised taxonomy.We sampled Dipus deasyi,D.sagitta halli,D.s.sowerbyi,Jaculus blanfordi blanfordi,J.hirtipes,J.jaculus,J.loftusi,J.orientalis gerboa,J.o.mauritanicus,and Stylodipus andrewsi.Crania were not sexually dimorphic.Common allometry explained some of the shape variation,for example,reduced braincases in larger specimens.Most operational taxonomic unit pairs differed in both size and shape.Dipus and Stylodipus clustered together based on their cranial shape.Jaculus differed from the aforementioned genera by its larger tympanic bulla,broader braincase,larger infraorbital foramen,along with reduced molars and rostra.Jaculus orientalis differed from other Jaculus by its broader face versus reduced cranial vault.Jaculus blanfordi(subgenus Haltomys)resembles members of the subgenus Jaculus more than its consubgener(J.orientalis).Jaculus loftusi,previously considered a synonym of J.jaculus,clearly differed from the latter by its shorter rostrum,smaller infraorbital foramen,and more caudolaterally expanded tympanic bulla.Jaculus hirtipes,another recent synonym of J.jaculus,resembled J.blanfordi more in scaled cranial shape than it did J.jaculus.Dipus sagitta halli and D.s.sowerbyi were indistinguishable,but they clearly differed from D.deasyi(recently raised to full species)with the latter having a larger molar row,more inflated tympanic bulla,and shorter,slenderer rostrum.Ecological explanations for detected cranial shape differences are considered,including diet and habitat(particularly substrate).
文摘The Museum of Human Anatomy in Naples houses a collection of ancient Graeco-Roman crania.The aim of this study was to use multislice computed tomography(MSCT)to evaluate and objectively quantify potential differences in cranial dimensions and shapes between ancient Graeco-Roman crania(n=36)and modern-day southern Italian crania(n=35)and then to characterize the cranial changes occurring over more than 2000 years,known as secular change.The authors used traditional metric criteria and morphometric geometry to compare shape differences between the sets of crania.Statistically significant differences in size between the ancient and modern crania included shorter facial length,narrower external palate,smaller minimum cranial breadth,shorter right and left mastoid processes,and wider maximum occipital and nasal breadth.The shape changes from the ancient to modern crania included a global coronal enlargement of the face and cranial diameters,with more anterior projection of the face at the anterior nasal spine,but also posterior projection at the glabella and the nasion.It is not possible to determine whether these differences result exclusively from secular changes in the cranium or from other factors,including a mix of secular change and other unknown factors.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first MSCT-based study to compare ancient Graeco-Roman and modern-day southern Italian crania and to characterize shape and size differences.
文摘Subject Code:D02 With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,a collaborative study by the research groups led by Prof.Wu Xiujie(吴秀杰)from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Prof.Erik Trinkaus from Washington
