A monolayer of endothelial cells (ECs) lines the lumen of blood vessels and forms a multifunctional transducing organ that mediates a plethora of cardiovascular processes. The activation of ECs from as state of quiesc...A monolayer of endothelial cells (ECs) lines the lumen of blood vessels and forms a multifunctional transducing organ that mediates a plethora of cardiovascular processes. The activation of ECs from as state of quiescence is, therefore, regarded among the early events leading to the onset and progression of potentially lethal diseases, such as hypertension, myocardial infarction, brain stroke, and tumor. Intracellular Ca2+ signals have long been know to play a central role in the complex network of signaling pathways regulating the endothelial functions. Notably, recent work has outlined how any change in the pattern of expression of endothelial channels, transporters and pumps involved in the modulation of intracellular Ca2+ levels may dramatically affect whole body homeostasis. Vascular ECs may react to both mechanical and chemical stimuli by generating a variety of intracellular Ca2+ signals, ranging from brief, localized Ca2+ pulses to prolonged Ca2+ oscillations engulfing the whole cytoplasm. The well-defined spatiotemporal profile of the subcellular Ca2+ signals elicited in ECs by specific extracellular inputs depends on the interaction between Ca2+ releasing channels, which arelocated both on the plasma membrane and in a number of intracellular organelles, and Ca2+ removing systems. The present article aims to summarize both the past and recent literature in the field to provide a clear-cut picture of our current knowledge on the molecular nature and the role played by the components of the Ca2+ machinery in vascular ECs under both physiological and pathological conditions.展开更多
We have examined acute effects of corticosterone (CORT) on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated Ca2+ signals in adult mouse hippocampal slices. We found so far that the 30 min preincubation of CORT induced a ...We have examined acute effects of corticosterone (CORT) on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated Ca2+ signals in adult mouse hippocampal slices. We found so far that the 30 min preincubation of CORT induced a signifcant decrease of the peak amplitude of NMDA-induced Ca2+ elevation in the CA1 region. The membrane non-permeable bovine serum albumin-conjugated CORT also induced a similar effect in the CA1 region. Therefore the acute CORT effects should be induced via putative surface CORT receptors. A possible candidate is a classical intracellular glucocorticoid receptor (GR). To confirm this speculation, we here examined the effects of dexamethasone (DEX: an agonist of GR) and CORT with RU38486 (an antagonist of GR) on NMDA-induced Ca2+ signals. As a result, DEX induced a similar effect to the suppressive CORT effect in the CA1 region, and RU38486 inhibited the suppressive CORT effect. These results indicate that the surface CORT receptor should be GR bound to plasma mem- brane.展开更多
Ca2+是植物在不同发育阶段和响应多种复杂环境刺激的核心调控因子。CBL蛋白(Calcineurin B-likeproteins)和CIPK蛋白激酶(CBL-interacting protein kinases)通过相互作用解码特异的钙信号从而实现相应的生理功能。文章主要从CBL-CIPK信...Ca2+是植物在不同发育阶段和响应多种复杂环境刺激的核心调控因子。CBL蛋白(Calcineurin B-likeproteins)和CIPK蛋白激酶(CBL-interacting protein kinases)通过相互作用解码特异的钙信号从而实现相应的生理功能。文章主要从CBL-CIPK信号系统关键组分及相互作用,解码钙信号的机制,生理功能和调节机制等方面综述相关研究进展,并对未来的研究方向进行展望。展开更多
Ca2+作为植物中普遍存在的第二信使,其信号传感器CBL(calcineurin B-like protein)及与CBL互作的蛋白CIPK(CBL-interacting protein kinase)所构成的CBL-CIPK信号转导途径在转导特异Ca2+信号过程中起重要的作用。由于植物同时受多种复...Ca2+作为植物中普遍存在的第二信使,其信号传感器CBL(calcineurin B-like protein)及与CBL互作的蛋白CIPK(CBL-interacting protein kinase)所构成的CBL-CIPK信号转导途径在转导特异Ca2+信号过程中起重要的作用。由于植物同时受多种复杂环境因素影响,因此必须同时对各种复杂因素作出响应并转导并存的信号。CBL和CIPK在结构、表达以及功能上的特异性构成了CBL-CIPK途径能够转导特异Ca2+信号的分子基础。本文在介绍CBL、CIPK的基础上,着重对其组合成的CBL-CIPK途径转导特异Ca2+信号的分子机制进行综述。展开更多
文摘A monolayer of endothelial cells (ECs) lines the lumen of blood vessels and forms a multifunctional transducing organ that mediates a plethora of cardiovascular processes. The activation of ECs from as state of quiescence is, therefore, regarded among the early events leading to the onset and progression of potentially lethal diseases, such as hypertension, myocardial infarction, brain stroke, and tumor. Intracellular Ca2+ signals have long been know to play a central role in the complex network of signaling pathways regulating the endothelial functions. Notably, recent work has outlined how any change in the pattern of expression of endothelial channels, transporters and pumps involved in the modulation of intracellular Ca2+ levels may dramatically affect whole body homeostasis. Vascular ECs may react to both mechanical and chemical stimuli by generating a variety of intracellular Ca2+ signals, ranging from brief, localized Ca2+ pulses to prolonged Ca2+ oscillations engulfing the whole cytoplasm. The well-defined spatiotemporal profile of the subcellular Ca2+ signals elicited in ECs by specific extracellular inputs depends on the interaction between Ca2+ releasing channels, which arelocated both on the plasma membrane and in a number of intracellular organelles, and Ca2+ removing systems. The present article aims to summarize both the past and recent literature in the field to provide a clear-cut picture of our current knowledge on the molecular nature and the role played by the components of the Ca2+ machinery in vascular ECs under both physiological and pathological conditions.
文摘We have examined acute effects of corticosterone (CORT) on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated Ca2+ signals in adult mouse hippocampal slices. We found so far that the 30 min preincubation of CORT induced a signifcant decrease of the peak amplitude of NMDA-induced Ca2+ elevation in the CA1 region. The membrane non-permeable bovine serum albumin-conjugated CORT also induced a similar effect in the CA1 region. Therefore the acute CORT effects should be induced via putative surface CORT receptors. A possible candidate is a classical intracellular glucocorticoid receptor (GR). To confirm this speculation, we here examined the effects of dexamethasone (DEX: an agonist of GR) and CORT with RU38486 (an antagonist of GR) on NMDA-induced Ca2+ signals. As a result, DEX induced a similar effect to the suppressive CORT effect in the CA1 region, and RU38486 inhibited the suppressive CORT effect. These results indicate that the surface CORT receptor should be GR bound to plasma mem- brane.
文摘Ca2+是植物在不同发育阶段和响应多种复杂环境刺激的核心调控因子。CBL蛋白(Calcineurin B-likeproteins)和CIPK蛋白激酶(CBL-interacting protein kinases)通过相互作用解码特异的钙信号从而实现相应的生理功能。文章主要从CBL-CIPK信号系统关键组分及相互作用,解码钙信号的机制,生理功能和调节机制等方面综述相关研究进展,并对未来的研究方向进行展望。
文摘Ca2+作为植物中普遍存在的第二信使,其信号传感器CBL(calcineurin B-like protein)及与CBL互作的蛋白CIPK(CBL-interacting protein kinase)所构成的CBL-CIPK信号转导途径在转导特异Ca2+信号过程中起重要的作用。由于植物同时受多种复杂环境因素影响,因此必须同时对各种复杂因素作出响应并转导并存的信号。CBL和CIPK在结构、表达以及功能上的特异性构成了CBL-CIPK途径能够转导特异Ca2+信号的分子基础。本文在介绍CBL、CIPK的基础上,着重对其组合成的CBL-CIPK途径转导特异Ca2+信号的分子机制进行综述。
