This study investigated the contribution of vola-tile compounds to the overall aroma of Cabernet Sauvignon wines from Changli County (China). Wine samples were collected from vintages from 2000 to 2005. Volatile compo...This study investigated the contribution of vola-tile compounds to the overall aroma of Cabernet Sauvignon wines from Changli County (China). Wine samples were collected from vintages from 2000 to 2005. Volatile compounds were ex-tracted by PDMS solid-phase micro-extraction fi- bers and identified by Gas Chromatography-Ma- ss Spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 65 volatile compounds were identified and quantified, in-cluding higher alcohols, ethyl and acetate esters, and fatty acids. According to their odor active values (OA-Vs), 21 volatile compounds were con- sidered to be the powerful impact odorants of Cabernet Sauvignon wines from Changli. Odor descriptions of impact volatiles suggested Cab-ernet Sauvignon red wines from Changli County as having a complex aroma, which included not only pleasant floral and fruity odors, but also cheese, clove flavors, and grassy and smoky aromas.展开更多
This study was conducted to determine the effect of cover crop inter-row in vineyard on main mono-phenol content of grape berry and wine. Three such cover crops, two perennial legumes （white clover and alfalfa） and ...This study was conducted to determine the effect of cover crop inter-row in vineyard on main mono-phenol content of grape berry and wine. Three such cover crops, two perennial legumes （white clover and alfalfa） and a perennial gramineous grass （tall fescue） were sown in vineyard. The main phenolic compounds of mature grape berry and wines vinified under the same conditions were extracted with ethyl acetate and diethyl ether and analyzed by high- performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） by comparing to soil tillage. A total of ten phenolic compounds were identified and quantified in the different grape berry and wines, including nonflavonoids （hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids） and flavonoids （flavanols and flavonols）. The concentration of flavonoid compounds （409.43 to 538.63 mg kg^-1 and 56.16 to 81.30 mg L^-1） was higher than nonflavonoids （76.91 to 98.85 mg kg^-1 and 30.65 to 41.22 mg L^-1） for Cabernet Sauvignon grape and wine under different treatments, respectively. In the flavonoid phenolics, Catechin was the most abundant in the different grapes and wines, accounting for 74.94 to 79.70% and 48.60 to 50.62% of total nonanthocyanin phenolics quantified, respectively. Compared to soil tillage, the sward treatments showed a higher content of main mono-phenol and total nonanthocyanin phenolics in grapes and wines. There were significant differences between two cover crop treatments （tall fescue and white clover） and soil tillage for the content of benzoic acid, salicylic acid, caffeic acid, catechin, and total phenolics in the grape berry （P 〈 0.05 or P〈0.01）. The wine from tall fescue cover crop had the highest gallic acid, caffeic acid and catechin. Cover crop system increased the total nonanthocyanin phenolics of grapes and wines in order of the four treatments： tall fescue, white clover, alfalfa, and soil tillage （control）. Cover crop in vineyard increased total phenols of grape berry and wine, and thus improved the quality of wine evidently.展开更多
研究避雨栽培对葡萄酒非花色苷酚类的影响,为酿酒葡萄避雨栽培技术的实施提供理论依据。采取简单避雨方式,以赤霞珠(Vitis vinifera L cv.Cabernet Sauvignon)葡萄为材料,在转色后进行避雨处理,以露地栽培为对照;葡萄收获后采用传统工...研究避雨栽培对葡萄酒非花色苷酚类的影响,为酿酒葡萄避雨栽培技术的实施提供理论依据。采取简单避雨方式,以赤霞珠(Vitis vinifera L cv.Cabernet Sauvignon)葡萄为材料,在转色后进行避雨处理,以露地栽培为对照;葡萄收获后采用传统工艺酿制干红葡萄酒,测定其基本理化指标及非花色苷酚的种类和含量,获得如下结果:(1)避雨栽培降低了赤霞珠葡萄酒总酸、总酚和单宁含量,但差异不显著。(2)避雨栽培对一些单体非花色苷酚类含量存在显著影响,显著降低了黄烷醇类总量,但对黄酮醇和类黄酮酚总量无显著影响;极显著降低了苯甲酸、芪类和非类黄酮酚,增加了肉桂酸类含量。(3)对葡萄酒非花色苷酚类物质种类无影响,降低了非花色苷酚类总量但差异不显著。因此,在赤霞珠葡萄转色期采取避雨措施,对干红葡萄酒非花色苷酚类的影响不显著。展开更多
文摘This study investigated the contribution of vola-tile compounds to the overall aroma of Cabernet Sauvignon wines from Changli County (China). Wine samples were collected from vintages from 2000 to 2005. Volatile compounds were ex-tracted by PDMS solid-phase micro-extraction fi- bers and identified by Gas Chromatography-Ma- ss Spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 65 volatile compounds were identified and quantified, in-cluding higher alcohols, ethyl and acetate esters, and fatty acids. According to their odor active values (OA-Vs), 21 volatile compounds were con- sidered to be the powerful impact odorants of Cabernet Sauvignon wines from Changli. Odor descriptions of impact volatiles suggested Cab-ernet Sauvignon red wines from Changli County as having a complex aroma, which included not only pleasant floral and fruity odors, but also cheese, clove flavors, and grassy and smoky aromas.
基金supported by "13115" Science and Tech-nology Innovation Programme of Shaanxi Province,China (2007ZDKG-09)the National Agricultural Industrial Technology System Foundation of China(Z225020901)Young Academic Backbone Scientific Research Program of Northwest A&F University,China (01140303)
文摘This study was conducted to determine the effect of cover crop inter-row in vineyard on main mono-phenol content of grape berry and wine. Three such cover crops, two perennial legumes （white clover and alfalfa） and a perennial gramineous grass （tall fescue） were sown in vineyard. The main phenolic compounds of mature grape berry and wines vinified under the same conditions were extracted with ethyl acetate and diethyl ether and analyzed by high- performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） by comparing to soil tillage. A total of ten phenolic compounds were identified and quantified in the different grape berry and wines, including nonflavonoids （hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids） and flavonoids （flavanols and flavonols）. The concentration of flavonoid compounds （409.43 to 538.63 mg kg^-1 and 56.16 to 81.30 mg L^-1） was higher than nonflavonoids （76.91 to 98.85 mg kg^-1 and 30.65 to 41.22 mg L^-1） for Cabernet Sauvignon grape and wine under different treatments, respectively. In the flavonoid phenolics, Catechin was the most abundant in the different grapes and wines, accounting for 74.94 to 79.70% and 48.60 to 50.62% of total nonanthocyanin phenolics quantified, respectively. Compared to soil tillage, the sward treatments showed a higher content of main mono-phenol and total nonanthocyanin phenolics in grapes and wines. There were significant differences between two cover crop treatments （tall fescue and white clover） and soil tillage for the content of benzoic acid, salicylic acid, caffeic acid, catechin, and total phenolics in the grape berry （P 〈 0.05 or P〈0.01）. The wine from tall fescue cover crop had the highest gallic acid, caffeic acid and catechin. Cover crop system increased the total nonanthocyanin phenolics of grapes and wines in order of the four treatments： tall fescue, white clover, alfalfa, and soil tillage （control）. Cover crop in vineyard increased total phenols of grape berry and wine, and thus improved the quality of wine evidently.
文摘研究避雨栽培对葡萄酒非花色苷酚类的影响,为酿酒葡萄避雨栽培技术的实施提供理论依据。采取简单避雨方式,以赤霞珠(Vitis vinifera L cv.Cabernet Sauvignon)葡萄为材料,在转色后进行避雨处理,以露地栽培为对照;葡萄收获后采用传统工艺酿制干红葡萄酒,测定其基本理化指标及非花色苷酚的种类和含量,获得如下结果:(1)避雨栽培降低了赤霞珠葡萄酒总酸、总酚和单宁含量,但差异不显著。(2)避雨栽培对一些单体非花色苷酚类含量存在显著影响,显著降低了黄烷醇类总量,但对黄酮醇和类黄酮酚总量无显著影响;极显著降低了苯甲酸、芪类和非类黄酮酚,增加了肉桂酸类含量。(3)对葡萄酒非花色苷酚类物质种类无影响,降低了非花色苷酚类总量但差异不显著。因此,在赤霞珠葡萄转色期采取避雨措施,对干红葡萄酒非花色苷酚类的影响不显著。
