[ Objective] The study was to investigate residual regularity in tissues of layer after combined exposure to lead （Pb） and/or cadmium （ Cd ）. [ Method] I.aad acetate （100 mg/L） and/or cadmium chloride （50 mg/L...[ Objective] The study was to investigate residual regularity in tissues of layer after combined exposure to lead （Pb） and/or cadmium （ Cd ）. [ Method] I.aad acetate （100 mg/L） and/or cadmium chloride （50 mg/L） were administered in drinking water to 120 individuals of 40 -week -old hyline layers for 8 weeks. [ Result] Compared with the Cd group, the Cd content in various tissues, except kidney and femur, in Cd ＋ Pb group all increased, but the difference was not significant （P 〉 0.05 ）. The Cd contents in kidney and femur in Cd group were significantly higher than that in Cd ＋ Pb group. Compared with the group Pb, the Pb contents in breast muscle and kidney in Cd ＋ Pb group decreased significantly （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; the Pb contents in femur decreased extremely （ P 〈 0.01 ） ; while the Pb contents in leg muscle, heart and spleen increased significantly （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; the Pb contents in liver and glandular stomach were almost the same. Compared with the control group, the Cd content in various tissues in Pb group increased significantly （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; no significant changes were observed for Pb content in Cd group. [ Conclusion] Deposit of Pb and Cd in poultry body had complex interaction.展开更多
为遴选可有效表征农田土壤Cd生物有效性的指标,文章采集浙江某地20组稻米及其协同土壤,分析稻米Cd质量比、土壤的基本理化性质、Cd总质量比、不同浸提态Cd质量比及欧共体标准物质局(European Community Bureau of Reference,BCR)形态。...为遴选可有效表征农田土壤Cd生物有效性的指标,文章采集浙江某地20组稻米及其协同土壤,分析稻米Cd质量比、土壤的基本理化性质、Cd总质量比、不同浸提态Cd质量比及欧共体标准物质局(European Community Bureau of Reference,BCR)形态。结果表明:稻米Cd质量比为0.01~0.51 mg/kg,土壤Cd质量比为0.17~3.15 mg/kg,稻米Cd富集系数为0.04~1.42;土壤Cd主要以弱酸态(40.5%)和还原态(37.1%)存在,二乙烯三胺五乙酸(diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid,DTPA)浸提土壤Cd能力最强(15.6%);基于w(CaCl_(2)-Cd)构建的三次函数建立的回归模型可解释稻米Cd 57.4%方差,w(CaCl_(2)-Cd)可以作为表征水稻土壤Cd生物有效性的指标,基于水稻土壤Cd生物有效性可提高污染风险评价的科学性。展开更多
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)can improve plant tolerance to several abiotic stresses,including heavy metals,drought or salinity exposure.However,the role of AMF in alleviation of soil cadmium(Cd)-induced toxicity ...Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)can improve plant tolerance to several abiotic stresses,including heavy metals,drought or salinity exposure.However,the role of AMF in alleviation of soil cadmium(Cd)-induced toxicity to plants is still largely unknown.In this study,Cd speciation in soil and subcellular distribution of Cd were used to characterize the roles of application AM fungi in the alleviation of Cd toxicity in alfalfa plants.Our results showed that the addition of Glomus mosseae in Cd contaminated soil(10 mg/Kg)significantly increased soil pH,cation exchange capacity(CEC)and organic matter in rhizosphere soil with Medicago truncatula L.,and then account for significantly decreased contents of exchangeable and carbonate-bounded Cd speciation in rhizosphere soil,indicating alleviation of plant toxicity by reduction of bioavailable fractions of Cd.Although there is no significant difference found in Cd accumulation by roots and shoots respectively between Cd and AM-Cd treatments,more portion of Cd was recorded compartmentalization in cell wall fraction of both root and shoot in treatment of Cd with AM application,indicating alleviation of Cd toxicity to plant cell.Herein,application of AM fungi in Cd treatments performed to inhibit the appearance of Cd toxicity symptoms,including the improvement of leaf electrolyte leakage,root elongation,seedling growth and biomass.This information provides a clearer understanding of detoxification strategy of AM fungi on Cd behavior with development and stabilization of soil structure and subcellular distribution of plant.展开更多
Sedum alfredii Hance has been identified as a new Zn-hyperaccumulator native to China. In this study, responses and metal accumulation of S alfredii were examined under Zn/Cd complex polluted conditions. The results s...Sedum alfredii Hance has been identified as a new Zn-hyperaccumulator native to China. In this study, responses and metal accumulation of S alfredii were examined under Zn/Cd complex polluted conditions. The results showed that optimal growth of S alfredii in terms of the maximum dry matter yield was observed at Zn/Cd complex level of 500/100 mumol/L. Plant cadmium (Cd) or zinc (Zn) concentrations increased with increasing Cd or Zn supply. During the 20 d treatment, the highest Cd concentration in the leaves reached 12.1 g/kg at Zn/Cd level of 50/400 mumol/L and that of Zn in the stems was 23.2 g/kg at Zn/Cd level of 1000/50 mumol/L. The distribution of Cd in different plant parts decreased in the order: leaf > stem greater than or equal to root, whereas that of Zn was: stem > leaf greater than or equal to root. The accumulation of Cd and Zn in the shoots and roots of S. alfredii increased with the increasing of Zn/Cd supply levels, peaked at Zn/Cd levels of 250/400 and 500/100 mumol/L, respectively. The highest Cd and Zn uptake by the shoots was approximately 5 and 11 mg/plant, and was over 20 and 10 times higher than those in the roots, respectively. Zn supply at levels less than or equal to 500 mumol/L increased plant Cd concentrations, whereas high Zn supply decreased root Cd but did not affect leaf Cd concentrations in S alfredii Low Cd supply increased Zn concentration in the leaves, but Cd supply higher than 50 mumol/L considerably reduced root Zn concentrations, especially at low Zn level. These results indicate that S. alfredii can tolerate high Zn/Cd complex levels and has an extraordinary ability to hyperaccumulate not only Zn but also Cd. It could provide a new valuable plant material for understanding the mechanisms responsible for co-hyperaccumulation of Zn and Cd as well as for phytoremediation of the Cd/Zn complex polluted soils.展开更多
The mining ecotype Sedum alfredii Hance could tolerate and grow normally in a nutritive solution containing cadmium (Cd) as high as 400 mumol/L. Under such a high Cd concentration, the subcellular accumulation of Cd i...The mining ecotype Sedum alfredii Hance could tolerate and grow normally in a nutritive solution containing cadmium (Cd) as high as 400 mumol/L. Under such a high Cd concentration, the subcellular accumulation of Cd in root, stem and leaf of this plant was found to be the highest in the cell wall, less in the soluble fraction and lowest in the cell organs. The mode of subcellular distribution of Cd in the mining ecotype S. alfredii was similar to other hyper accumulators of heavy metals, in which Cd was distributed more in the aerial part of plant. The results suggest that the mining ecotype S. alfredii is a new species of Cd hyperaccumulator.展开更多
基金National Quality Safety Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products Program(GJFP2016007)Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science(JQ201201)+2 种基金Yangzhou Prospective Study of Agriculture Fund(yz2014145)Jiangsu Sanxin Agriculture Engineering(SXGC[2016]292,SXGC[2015]298)General Program of Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20131235)
文摘[ Objective] The study was to investigate residual regularity in tissues of layer after combined exposure to lead （Pb） and/or cadmium （ Cd ）. [ Method] I.aad acetate （100 mg/L） and/or cadmium chloride （50 mg/L） were administered in drinking water to 120 individuals of 40 -week -old hyline layers for 8 weeks. [ Result] Compared with the Cd group, the Cd content in various tissues, except kidney and femur, in Cd ＋ Pb group all increased, but the difference was not significant （P 〉 0.05 ）. The Cd contents in kidney and femur in Cd group were significantly higher than that in Cd ＋ Pb group. Compared with the group Pb, the Pb contents in breast muscle and kidney in Cd ＋ Pb group decreased significantly （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; the Pb contents in femur decreased extremely （ P 〈 0.01 ） ; while the Pb contents in leg muscle, heart and spleen increased significantly （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; the Pb contents in liver and glandular stomach were almost the same. Compared with the control group, the Cd content in various tissues in Pb group increased significantly （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; no significant changes were observed for Pb content in Cd group. [ Conclusion] Deposit of Pb and Cd in poultry body had complex interaction.
文摘为遴选可有效表征农田土壤Cd生物有效性的指标,文章采集浙江某地20组稻米及其协同土壤,分析稻米Cd质量比、土壤的基本理化性质、Cd总质量比、不同浸提态Cd质量比及欧共体标准物质局(European Community Bureau of Reference,BCR)形态。结果表明:稻米Cd质量比为0.01~0.51 mg/kg,土壤Cd质量比为0.17~3.15 mg/kg,稻米Cd富集系数为0.04~1.42;土壤Cd主要以弱酸态(40.5%)和还原态(37.1%)存在,二乙烯三胺五乙酸(diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid,DTPA)浸提土壤Cd能力最强(15.6%);基于w(CaCl_(2)-Cd)构建的三次函数建立的回归模型可解释稻米Cd 57.4%方差,w(CaCl_(2)-Cd)可以作为表征水稻土壤Cd生物有效性的指标,基于水稻土壤Cd生物有效性可提高污染风险评价的科学性。
基金This work was financially supported by Grants of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(2019YFS0469,2020YFS0344)Educational Department of Sichuan province(17ZB0438).
文摘Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)can improve plant tolerance to several abiotic stresses,including heavy metals,drought or salinity exposure.However,the role of AMF in alleviation of soil cadmium(Cd)-induced toxicity to plants is still largely unknown.In this study,Cd speciation in soil and subcellular distribution of Cd were used to characterize the roles of application AM fungi in the alleviation of Cd toxicity in alfalfa plants.Our results showed that the addition of Glomus mosseae in Cd contaminated soil(10 mg/Kg)significantly increased soil pH,cation exchange capacity(CEC)and organic matter in rhizosphere soil with Medicago truncatula L.,and then account for significantly decreased contents of exchangeable and carbonate-bounded Cd speciation in rhizosphere soil,indicating alleviation of plant toxicity by reduction of bioavailable fractions of Cd.Although there is no significant difference found in Cd accumulation by roots and shoots respectively between Cd and AM-Cd treatments,more portion of Cd was recorded compartmentalization in cell wall fraction of both root and shoot in treatment of Cd with AM application,indicating alleviation of Cd toxicity to plant cell.Herein,application of AM fungi in Cd treatments performed to inhibit the appearance of Cd toxicity symptoms,including the improvement of leaf electrolyte leakage,root elongation,seedling growth and biomass.This information provides a clearer understanding of detoxification strategy of AM fungi on Cd behavior with development and stabilization of soil structure and subcellular distribution of plant.
文摘Sedum alfredii Hance has been identified as a new Zn-hyperaccumulator native to China. In this study, responses and metal accumulation of S alfredii were examined under Zn/Cd complex polluted conditions. The results showed that optimal growth of S alfredii in terms of the maximum dry matter yield was observed at Zn/Cd complex level of 500/100 mumol/L. Plant cadmium (Cd) or zinc (Zn) concentrations increased with increasing Cd or Zn supply. During the 20 d treatment, the highest Cd concentration in the leaves reached 12.1 g/kg at Zn/Cd level of 50/400 mumol/L and that of Zn in the stems was 23.2 g/kg at Zn/Cd level of 1000/50 mumol/L. The distribution of Cd in different plant parts decreased in the order: leaf > stem greater than or equal to root, whereas that of Zn was: stem > leaf greater than or equal to root. The accumulation of Cd and Zn in the shoots and roots of S. alfredii increased with the increasing of Zn/Cd supply levels, peaked at Zn/Cd levels of 250/400 and 500/100 mumol/L, respectively. The highest Cd and Zn uptake by the shoots was approximately 5 and 11 mg/plant, and was over 20 and 10 times higher than those in the roots, respectively. Zn supply at levels less than or equal to 500 mumol/L increased plant Cd concentrations, whereas high Zn supply decreased root Cd but did not affect leaf Cd concentrations in S alfredii Low Cd supply increased Zn concentration in the leaves, but Cd supply higher than 50 mumol/L considerably reduced root Zn concentrations, especially at low Zn level. These results indicate that S. alfredii can tolerate high Zn/Cd complex levels and has an extraordinary ability to hyperaccumulate not only Zn but also Cd. It could provide a new valuable plant material for understanding the mechanisms responsible for co-hyperaccumulation of Zn and Cd as well as for phytoremediation of the Cd/Zn complex polluted soils.
文摘The mining ecotype Sedum alfredii Hance could tolerate and grow normally in a nutritive solution containing cadmium (Cd) as high as 400 mumol/L. Under such a high Cd concentration, the subcellular accumulation of Cd in root, stem and leaf of this plant was found to be the highest in the cell wall, less in the soluble fraction and lowest in the cell organs. The mode of subcellular distribution of Cd in the mining ecotype S. alfredii was similar to other hyper accumulators of heavy metals, in which Cd was distributed more in the aerial part of plant. The results suggest that the mining ecotype S. alfredii is a new species of Cd hyperaccumulator.
