The purpose of this study is to demonstrate MCF-7 cells’ dependence on calcium for growth and to exploit that dependence to improve chemotherapy efficacy. Fura-2 fluorescence imaging shows that MCF-7 cells maintain a...The purpose of this study is to demonstrate MCF-7 cells’ dependence on calcium for growth and to exploit that dependence to improve chemotherapy efficacy. Fura-2 fluorescence imaging shows that MCF-7 cells maintain a higher basal intracellular calcium concentration than non-tumorigenic MCF-10A cells. Blocking T-type calcium channels with mibefradil reduced MCF-7 intracellular calcium concentration. Flow cytometry shows that knocking down T-type calcium channel expression with siRNA caused an increase in MCF-7 cells in G1 phase and a decrease in cells in S phase. Proliferation assays of MCF-7 cells treated with EGTA and thapsigargin reveal the dependence of MCF-7 cell growth on extracellular and intracellular calcium sources, respectively. In vitro, interlaced treatment that alternated the T-type calcium channel blocker NNC-55-0396 with paclitaxel more effectively reduced MCF-7 cell number than chemotherapy alone. In a mouse in vivo model, interlaced mibefradil and paclitaxel more effectively reduced MCF-7 xenograft size than chemotherapy alone. These findings indicate that MCF-7 cells are dependent on calcium for proliferation, particularly in passing the G1/S cell cycle checkpoint. Further, this dependence on calcium can be exploited by alternating treatment with T-type calcium channel blockers with paclitaxel in an interlaced therapy scheme that increases the efficacy of the chemotherapy.展开更多
Background:Renin-angiotensin system inhibitor and calcium channel blocker (CCB) are widely used in controlling blood pressure (BP) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).We carried out a meta-analysis to...Background:Renin-angiotensin system inhibitor and calcium channel blocker (CCB) are widely used in controlling blood pressure (BP) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).We carried out a meta-analysis to compare the renoprotective effect of the combination of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) and CCB (i.e.,ACEI/ARB + CCB) with ACEI/ ARB monotherapy in patients with hypertension and CKD.Methods:Publications were identified from PubMed,Embase,Medline,and Cochrane databases.Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of BP lowering treatment for patients with hypertension and CKD were considered.The outcomes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD),cardiovascular events,BP,urinary protein measures,estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR),and adverse events were extracted.Results:Based on seven RCTs with 628 patients,ACEI/ARB + CCB did not show additional benefit for the incidence of ESRD (risk ratio [RR] =0.84;95% confidence interval [CI]:0.52-1.33) and cardiovascular events (RR =0.58;95% CI:0.21-1.63) significantly,compared with ACEI/ARB monotherapy.There were no significant differences in change from baseline to the end points in diastolic BP (weighted mean difference [WMD] =-1.28 mmHg;95% CI:-3.18 to-0.62),proteinuria (standard mean difference =-0.55;95% CI:-1.41 to-0.30),GFR (WMD =-0.32 ml/min;95% CI:-1.53 to-0.89),and occurrence of adverse events (RR =1.05;95% CI:0.72-1.53).However,ACEI/ARB + CCB showed a greater reduction in systolic BP (WMD =-4.46 mmHg;95% CI:-6.95 to-1.97),compared with ACEI/ARB monotherapy.Conclusion:ACEI/ARB + CCB had no additional renoprotective benefit beyond than what could be achieved with ACEI/ARB monotherapy.展开更多
文摘The purpose of this study is to demonstrate MCF-7 cells’ dependence on calcium for growth and to exploit that dependence to improve chemotherapy efficacy. Fura-2 fluorescence imaging shows that MCF-7 cells maintain a higher basal intracellular calcium concentration than non-tumorigenic MCF-10A cells. Blocking T-type calcium channels with mibefradil reduced MCF-7 intracellular calcium concentration. Flow cytometry shows that knocking down T-type calcium channel expression with siRNA caused an increase in MCF-7 cells in G1 phase and a decrease in cells in S phase. Proliferation assays of MCF-7 cells treated with EGTA and thapsigargin reveal the dependence of MCF-7 cell growth on extracellular and intracellular calcium sources, respectively. In vitro, interlaced treatment that alternated the T-type calcium channel blocker NNC-55-0396 with paclitaxel more effectively reduced MCF-7 cell number than chemotherapy alone. In a mouse in vivo model, interlaced mibefradil and paclitaxel more effectively reduced MCF-7 xenograft size than chemotherapy alone. These findings indicate that MCF-7 cells are dependent on calcium for proliferation, particularly in passing the G1/S cell cycle checkpoint. Further, this dependence on calcium can be exploited by alternating treatment with T-type calcium channel blockers with paclitaxel in an interlaced therapy scheme that increases the efficacy of the chemotherapy.
文摘Background:Renin-angiotensin system inhibitor and calcium channel blocker (CCB) are widely used in controlling blood pressure (BP) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).We carried out a meta-analysis to compare the renoprotective effect of the combination of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) and CCB (i.e.,ACEI/ARB + CCB) with ACEI/ ARB monotherapy in patients with hypertension and CKD.Methods:Publications were identified from PubMed,Embase,Medline,and Cochrane databases.Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of BP lowering treatment for patients with hypertension and CKD were considered.The outcomes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD),cardiovascular events,BP,urinary protein measures,estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR),and adverse events were extracted.Results:Based on seven RCTs with 628 patients,ACEI/ARB + CCB did not show additional benefit for the incidence of ESRD (risk ratio [RR] =0.84;95% confidence interval [CI]:0.52-1.33) and cardiovascular events (RR =0.58;95% CI:0.21-1.63) significantly,compared with ACEI/ARB monotherapy.There were no significant differences in change from baseline to the end points in diastolic BP (weighted mean difference [WMD] =-1.28 mmHg;95% CI:-3.18 to-0.62),proteinuria (standard mean difference =-0.55;95% CI:-1.41 to-0.30),GFR (WMD =-0.32 ml/min;95% CI:-1.53 to-0.89),and occurrence of adverse events (RR =1.05;95% CI:0.72-1.53).However,ACEI/ARB + CCB showed a greater reduction in systolic BP (WMD =-4.46 mmHg;95% CI:-6.95 to-1.97),compared with ACEI/ARB monotherapy.Conclusion:ACEI/ARB + CCB had no additional renoprotective benefit beyond than what could be achieved with ACEI/ARB monotherapy.