Facile Approach to Synthesize Gold Nanorod@Polyacrylic Acid/Calcium Phosphate Yolk–Shell Nanoparticles for Dual-Mode Imaging and pH/NIR-Responsive Drug Delivery

A facile strategy to fabricate gold nanorod@polyacrylic acid/calcium phosphate(Au NR@-PAA/Ca P) yolk–shell nanoparticles(NPs) composed with a PAA/Ca P shell and an Au NR yolk is reported. The asobtained Au NR@PAA/Ca P yolk–shell NPs possess ultrahigh doxorubicin(DOX) loading capability(1 mg DOX/mg NPs), superior photothermal conversion property(26%)and p H/near-infrared(NIR) dual-responsive drug delivery performance. The released DOX continuously increased due to the damage of the Ca P shell at low p H values. When the DOX-loaded Au NR@PAA/Ca P yolk–shell NPs wereexposed to NIR irradiation, a burst-like drug release occurs owing to the heat produced by the Au NRs. Furthermore,Au NR@PAA/Ca P yolk–shell NPs are successfully employed for synergic dual-mode X-ray computed tomography/photoacoustic imaging and chemo-photothermal cancer therapy. Therefore, this work brings new insights for the synthesis of multifunctional nanomaterials and extends theranostic applications.

Effects of anti-hypertensive drugs on esophageal body contraction

AIM:To clarify the effects of anti-hypertensive drugs on esophageal contraction and determine their possi-ble relationship with gastro-esophageal reflux disease.METHODS:Thirteen healthy male volunteers were enrolled. Esophageal body peristaltic contractions and lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure were measured using high resolution manometry. All subjects were randomly examined on four separate occasions following administrations of nifedipine,losartan,and atenolol,as well as without any drug administration.RESULTS:Peristaltic contractions by the esophageal body were separated into three segments by two troughs. The peak peristaltic pressures in the mid and lower segments of the esophageal body under atenolol administration were signifi cantly higher than those without medication in a supine position. On the other hand,peristaltic pressures under nifedipine administration were lower than those observed without drug ad-ministration. Losartan did not change esophageal body peristalsis. Atenolol elevated LES pressure and slowed peristaltic wave transition,while the effects of nifedip-ine were the opposite. CONCLUSION:Among the anti-hypertensive drugs tested,atenolol enhanced esophageal motor activity,which was in contrast to nifedipine.

Antiepileptic Drug-Induced Apoptosis Was Prevented by L-Type Calcium Channel Activator in Cultured Rat Cortical Cells

Experimental data have shown that antiepileptic drugs cause neurodegeneration in developing rats. Valproate (VPA) is the drug of choice in primary generalized epilepsies, and carbamazepine (CBZ) is one of the most prescribed drugs in partial seizures. These drugs block sodium channels, thereby reducing sustained repetitive neuronal firing. The intracellular mechanisms whereby AEDs induce neuronal cell death are unclear. We examined whether AEDs induce apoptotic cell death in cultured cortical cells and whether calcium ions are involved in the AED-induced cell death. VPA and CBZ increased apoptotic cell death and induced morphological changes that were characterized by cell shrinkage and nuclear condensation or fragmentation. Incubation of cortical cultures with VPA or CBZ decreased phospho-Akt levels. CBZ decreased the intracellular calcium levels. On the other hand, FPL64176, an L-type calcium channel activator, increased the intracellular calcium levels and prevented the AED-induced apoptosis. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitors, such as alsterpaullone and azakenpaullone, prevented the AED-induced apoptosis. These results suggest that intracellular calcium level changes are associated with AEDs and apoptosis and that the activation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 is involved in the death of rat cortical neurons.

Development and Characterization of Calcium Based Biocomposites Using Waste Material (Calcite Stones) for Biomedical Applications

Calcium-based biocomposite materials have a pivotal role in the biomedical field with their diverse properties and applications in combating challenging medical problems. The study states the development and characterization of Calcium-based biocomposites: Hydroxyapatite (HAP), and PVA-Gelatin-HAP films. For the preparation of Calcium-based biocomposites, an unconventional source, the waste material calcite stone, was used as calcium raw material, and by the process of calcination, calcium oxide was synthesized. From calcium oxide, HAP was prepared by chemical precipitation method, which was later added in different proportions to PVA-Gelatin solution and finally dried to form biocomposite films. Then the different properties of PVA/Gelatin/HAP composite, for instance, chemical, mechanical, thermal, and swelling properties due to the incorporation of various proportions of HAP in PVA-Gelatin solution, were investigated. The characterization of the HAP was conducted by X-ray Diffraction Analysis, and the characterization of HAP-PVA-Gelatin composites was done by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Thermomechanical Analysis, Tensile test, Thermogravimetric Differential Thermal Analysis, and Swelling Test. The produced biocomposite films might have applications in orthopedic implants, drug delivery, bone tissue engineering, and wound healing.

A Comparative Study on Several Models of Experimental Renal Calcium Oxalate Stones Formation in Rats

In order to compare the effects of several experimental renal calcium oxalate stones formation models in rats and to find a simple and convenient model with significant effect of calcium oxalate crystals deposition in the kidney, several rat models of renal calcium oxalate stones formation were induced by some crystal-inducing drugs （CID） including ethylene glycol （EG）, ammonium chloride （AC）, vitamin D3 [ 1 α（OH）VitD3, alfacalcidol], calcium gluconate, ammonium oxalate, gentamicin sulfate, L-hydroxyproline. The rats were fed with drugs given singly or unitedly. At the end of experiment, 24-h urines were collected and the serum creatinine （Cr）, blood urea nitrogen （BUN）, the extents of calcium oxalate crystal deposition in the renal tissue, urinary calcium and oxalate excretion were measured. The serum Cr levels in the stone-forming groups were significantly higher than those in the control group except for the group EG＋L-hydroxyproline, group calcium gluconate and group oxalate. Blood BUN concentration was significantly higher in rats fed with CID than that in control group except for group EG＋L-hydroxyproline and group ammonium oxalate plus calcium gluconate. In the group of rats administered with EG plus Vitamin D3, the deposition of calcium oxalate crystal in the renal tissue and urinary calcium excretion were significantly greater than other model groups. The effect of the model induced by EG plus AC was similar to that in the group induced by EG plus Vitamin D3. EG plus Vitamin D3 or EG plus AC could stably and significantly induced the rat model of renal calcium oxalate stones formation .

Fabrication of A Folic Acid-Modified Arsenic Trioxide Prodrug Liposome and Assessment of its Anti-Hepatocellular Carcinoma Activity

Objective To reduce the toxicity and side effects of arsenic trioxide(ATO)and provide a new approach for the treatment of primary liver cancer,a folic acid-modified calcium arsenite liposomal“target-controlled”drug delivery system(FA-LP-CaAs)was fabricated using the reverse microemulsion method.Methods A Malvern particle size analyzer and a transmission electron microscope were employed to determine the particle size,distribution,zeta potential and morphology of FA-LP-CaAs.Further,inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry was employed to determine the drug loading capacity,entrapment efficiency,and in vitro release behavior of FA-LP-CaAs.To determine its toxicity in human hepatoma cells(HepG2)and human normal hepatocytes(LO2)and its effect on HepG2 cell cycle and apoptosis,the MTT method was used.Laser confocal and flow cytometry were also employed to determine the uptake of FA-LP-CaAs by cells.After establishing a mouse liver cancer model,the in vivo distribution of the drug included in the formulation was investigated using in vivo fluorescence.To evaluate the liver cancer targeting and anti-tumor effects of FALP-CaAs in vivo,the distribution of ATO in tissues and changes in tumor volume and body weight after liposomal administration were investigated using hematoxylin-eosin(HE)-stained tumor sections.Results The particle size,zeta potential and PDI of FA-LP-CaAs were(122.67±2.18)nm,(12.81±0.75)mV and 0.22±0.01,respectively,while its drug loading capacity was 18.49%±1.14%.In vitro experimental results revealed that FA-LP-CaAs had a strong killing effect on HepG2 cells.Further,the cell uptake capacity of this formulation was found to improve.Based on in vivo assessments,FA-LP-CaAs could significantly increase the distribution of ATO in tumor sites and inhibit tumor growth.Conclusions Herein,an FA-LP-CaAs formulation was successfully fabricated.This liposomal drug delivery system had a round appearance,uniform particle size,good polydispersity coefficient,evident“core-shell”structure,high drug loading capacity and pH response,tumor targeted drug delivery and sustained drug release.These findings support further research and the application of ATO as an anti-liver cancer prodrug and provide a new method for the treatment of liver cancer.

Effects of Calcium on the GABA_A-Coupled CI^-/HCO₃^--ATPase from Plasma Membrane of Rat Brain

The work is a study of the influence of Ca2+ (0.01 - 1 mM) on neuronal CI-, HCO3-, -ATPase complex: an enzyme that is a CI--pump which is functionally and structurally coupled to GABAA-receptors. It is found that influence of Ca2+ on the multifunctional complex starts at concentration of 50·M and at concentration of 0.1 mM, it reduces the “basal” one and increases the CI-, HCO3-, -stimulated Mg2+-ATPase activities. GABA (0.1 - 100μM) activates the “basal” Mg2+-ATPase activity in the ab-sence of calcium. The effect of GABA on the enzyme in the presence of 0.01 ·M Ca2+ does not change. At the same time, 1 mM Ca2+eliminates the GABA effect on the “basal” Mg2+-ATPase activity. Competitive blocker of GABAA-receptors bicuculline (5 - 20 μM) in the absence of Ca2+ ions elimi-nates the stimulation of the “basal” Mg2+-ATPase by anions. When 0.25 mM Ca2+ is added to the in-cubation medium the inhibitory bicuculline effect on the enzyme does not appear. We found that 0.1 mM o-vanadate (protein tyrosine phosphatase blocker) reduces the GABA-activated ATPase activity. At the same time, 0.1 mM genistein (a protein tyrosine kinase blocker) has no effect on enzyme activity. In the presence of Ca2+ (0.25 mM), the effect of o-vanadate on the “basal” and CI-, HCO3-, -ATPase activities does not appear. It is shown for the first time that high concentrations of Ca2+prevent the action of GABAA-ergic ligands on the study ATPase. It is assumed that there is the involvement of protein kinases and protein phosphatases in the modulation of the enzyme activity by calcium. The observed effect of calcium on the ATPase may play an important role in the study of the mechanisms of epileptogenesis and seizure activity.

Effect of Calcium and Strontium on Mesoporous Titania Coatings for Implant Applications

Increasing interest in the role of ions such as calcium and strontium in bone formation has called for the investigation of multifunctional ion-doped implant coatings. Mesoporous titania coatings incorporating calcium or strontium enabled a unique pore morphology and potential for drug delivery. Coatings were produced on titanium by an evaporation induced self-assembly method with the addition of calcium or strontium to the sol causing a shift in morphology from a hexagonally-packed to a worm-like porous network. Pore sizes ranged from 3.8 - 5 nm and coatings exhibited high surface areas between 181 - 215.5 m2/g, as measured by N2 adsorption-desorption. Coatings were loaded with 1 mg/ml Cephalothin, and showed sustained release of the antibiotic over one week in vitro. Cell studies confirmed that the ion addition had no toxic effect on human-like osteoblastic SaOS-2 cells. The results of this study suggest the potential for mesoporous coatings with calcium or strontium incorporation for direct bone-interfacing and combined drug delivery implant applications.

Drug repurposing screen identifies vidofludimus calcium and pyrazofurin as novel chemical entities for the development of hepatitis E interventions

Hepatitis E virus(HEV)infection can cause severe complications and high mortality,particularly in pregnant women,organ transplant recipients,individuals with pre-existing liver disease and immunosuppressed patients.However,there are still unmet needs for treating chronic HEV infections.Herein,we screened a best-in-class drug repurposing library consisting of 262 drugs/compounds.Upon screening,we identified vidofludimus calcium and pyrazofurin as novel anti-HEV entities.Vidofludimus calcium is the next-generation dihydroorotate dehydrogenase(DHODH)inhibitor in the phase 3 pipeline to treat autoimmune diseases or SARS-CoV-2 infection.Pyrazofurin selectively targets uridine monophosphate synthetase(UMPS).Their anti-HEV effects were further investigated in a range of cell culture models and human liver organoids models with wild type HEV strains and ribavirin treatment failure-associated HEV strains.Encouragingly,both drugs exhibited a sizeable therapeutic window against HEV.For instance,the IC50 value of vidofludimus calcium is 4.6–7.6-fold lower than the current therapeutic doses in patients.Mechanistically,their anti-HEV mode of action depends on the blockage of pyrimidine synthesis.Notably,two drugs robustly inhibited ribavirin treatment failure-associated HEV mutants(Y1320H,G1634R).Their combination with IFN-αresulted in synergistic antiviral activity.In conclusion,we identified vidofludimus calcium and pyrazofurin as potent candidates for the treatment of HEV infections.Based on their antiviral potency,and also the favorable safety profile identified in clinical studies,our study supports the initiation of clinical studies to repurpose these drugs for treating chronic hepatitis E.

N-钙黏蛋白与Wnt/β-catenin通路在骨髓间充质干细胞与白血病干细胞中的耐药机制研究

【目的】探讨N-钙黏蛋白(N-cadherin)与Wnt/β-catenin通路在骨髓间充质干细胞(MSC)与白血病干细胞(LSC)中的耐药机制研究。【方法】65例急性髓系白血病(AML)患者,完全缓解41例,未缓解24例,比较两组CD34+CD38-干细胞中N-cadherin的表达差异。根据不同MSC或去甲氧柔红霉素(IDA)处理下将CD34+CD38-Kg1α细胞分为6组,检测细胞增殖和凋亡情况及N-cadherin、β-catenin水平,检测细胞黏附及抗凋亡能力。【结果】未缓解患者的N-cadherin表达水平高于完全缓解者(P<0.01);LSC+IDA组(B组)细胞凋亡率显著高于LSC与MSC直接共培养+IDA组(D组)(P<0.05);在IDA浓度为100 nmol/L、200 nmol/L时,B组的细胞增殖抑制率显著高于D组(P<0.05);B组的集落形成率显著低于D组(P<0.05)。Western blot结果显示:N-cadherin及β-catenin在MSC直接接触培养条件下表达高于单独培养或分离培养;LSC在MSC共培养条件下,N-cadherin及β-catenin表达水平上升,伴随细胞核内β-catenin水平上升。【结论】骨髓微环境的MSC可以通过N-cadherin与LSC的黏附作用支持LSC的增殖能力,同时促进LSC Wnt/β-catenin通路的激活,对化疗药物产生耐药性。

基于钙通道及心肌收缩机制探讨强心药的应用

心力衰竭是各种心血管疾病的末期阶段,临床表现复杂,难以根治。心肌收缩功能下降是心力衰竭发生的重要原因之一。钙通道在心肌收缩舒张过程中具有关键调控作用,心肌收缩蛋白、心肌能量代谢、心肌兴奋收缩耦联在心脏疾患后期受到各种理化因素影响而出现异常,引起心肌收缩力减弱。心肌收缩功能正常对于维持人体正常生命活动具有决定性意义,临床常根据具体状况分类应用强心药以改善心肌收缩力,效果显著。随着医学技术的进步,强心药种类增多且优势更加突出,未来仍需进一步探讨。

阿托伐他汀钙片致全身严重皮疹1例分析

目的分析阿托伐他汀引起全身严重皮疹的临床特点及可能致敏机制,为慢病患者多重用药提供警示,并为其早期临床处置提供参考。方法通过1例老年脑梗死患者多重用药(氨氯地平、阿司匹林、阿托伐他汀、尤瑞克林、依达拉奉右崁醇)后出现全身皮疹,停用尤瑞克林、依达拉奉右崁醇,调整阿司匹林为氯吡格雷后患者皮疹仍加重,停用全部药物(只保留抗过敏药物)后皮疹逐渐消退,后恢复氯吡格雷、氨氯地平后患者皮疹未复发的全病程,采用Naranjo评分及结合文献资料,分析可能致敏的药物。结果根据患者皮疹的临床表现以及皮疹消退的时间与临床用药的关系,结合阿托伐他汀Naranjo评分5分,考虑其很有可能是引起患者皮疹的药物。结论慢病患者多重用药过程中,临床需注意阿托伐他汀钙片可在用药数天后引起全身严重皮疹。

抗骨质疏松药物对糖代谢影响的研究进展

目前研究发现,抗骨质疏松症药物除了治疗骨质疏松外,部分药物还对调节糖代谢、延缓糖尿病进展具有正性作用。本文综述抗骨质疏松症药物对糖尿病合并骨质疏松症患者糖代谢的可能影响,以期为此类人群的有效抗骨质疏松治疗提供参考。

瑞舒伐他汀钙片致颞下颌关节脱位1例

1例50岁女性患者因体检发现双侧颈动脉硬化并右侧斑块形成,予瑞舒伐他汀钙片(20 mg,po,qn)治疗25 d后患者出现颞下颌关节脱位,给予手法复位后继续用药,再次发生不良反应。既往患者身体健康,无外伤史及口腔科相关疾病史,无药物过敏史,发病时患者未大声张口,无外力因素影响,用药期间未联合使用其他药物,药品不良反应关联性评价结果为“很可能”。给予手法复位等治疗后随访3个月,患者未再出现颞下颌关节脱位。提示临床使用瑞舒伐他汀时应注意加强用药观察。

载药微球化疗栓塞术治疗中晚期肝癌患者疗效及对血清GGT、钙磷代谢的影响

目的探讨中晚期肝癌患者采取载药微球化疗栓塞术的疗效。方法选取2018年5月至2023年1月阜阳市人民医院收治的65例中晚期肝癌患者,按不同手术方法分为2组,对照组(肝动脉化疗栓塞术)31例,观察组(载药微球化疗栓塞术)34例,比较两组疗效。结果观察组GGT(28.26±2.62)U/L低于对照组(53.99±3.71)U/L;CA19-9(6.84±0.26)U/mL低于对照组(12.58±0.48)U/mL;AFP(310.87±5.52)ng/mL低于对照组(459.26±6.18)ng/mL(t=32.522、60.674、102.256,P<0.05)。术后1个月,观察组血Ga(2.12±0.14)mmol/L、iPTH(179.56±19.52)pg/mL、钙磷乘积(45.86±3.62)mg^(2)/dL均低于对照组的(2.20±0.15)mmol/L、(206.84±22.17)pg/mL、(51.47±4.26)mg^(2)/dL,血P(1.56±0.13)mmol/L高于对照组(1.83±0.14)mmol/L,钙磷乘积(45.86±3.62)mg^(2)/dL低于对照组(51.47±4.26)mg^(2)/dL(t=2.224、5.275、5.737、8.062,均P<0.05)。术后1个月,观察组ALT(44.26±3.52)U/L低于对照组(53.97±4.17)U/L,AST(36.85±5.14)U/L低于对照组(48.10±6.71)U/L,TBil(16.56±2.62)μmol/L低于对照组(21.45±3.05)μmol/L(t=10.174、7.627、6.951,P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率对比(χ^(2)=0.300,P=0.584)。术后3个月,两组生存率为97.06%比90.32%,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.375,P=0.540);术后6个月,两组生存率94.12%比70.97%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.181,P=0.013)。结论载药微球化疗栓塞术治疗中晚期肝癌患者疗效确切,随访6个月患者生存率较高,值得推广。

阿托伐他汀钙片联合抗骨质疏松药物治疗对脑卒中偏瘫患者下肢功能影响分析

目的 探究阿托伐他汀钙片联合抗骨质疏松药物治疗对脑卒中偏瘫患者下肢功能的影响。方法 68例脑卒中偏瘫患者,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组34例。对照组给予抗骨质疏松药物治疗,观察组在对照组用药基础上给予阿托伐他汀钙片治疗。比较两组患者治疗前后的日常生活活动能力评估量表(ADL)、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)、Berg平衡量表(BBS)、FuglMeyer运动功能评定量表(FMA)、功能综合评定量表(FCA)、下肢肌力、下肢Brunnstrom分期评分。结果 治疗后,观察组患者的ADL评分(85.56±9.42)分、BBS评分(42.41±3.19)分、FMA评分(80.36±4.79)分、FCA评分(85.33±5.15)分均高于对照组的(70.39±6.73)、(34.77±4.64)、(71.25±5.80)、(71.41±6.52)分, NIHSS评分(8.61±1.43)分低于对照组的(14.74±3.09)分(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组患者下肢肌力评分(4.90±1.01)分、下肢Brunnstrom分期评分(4.49±1.29)分均高于对照组的(3.49±1.27)、(3.61±1.59)分(P<0.05)。结论 给予脑卒中偏瘫患者阿托伐他汀钙片联合抗骨质疏松药物进行治疗,可显著改善患者的相关指标评分,对减轻病症影响具有重要作用,下肢功能恢复效果显著,值得广泛推广。

lncRNA AC092718.4对HER2阳性乳腺癌耐药性的影响及其可能机制

目的探讨长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)AC092718.4对人类表皮生长因子受体2(HER2)阳性乳腺癌耐药性的影响及其可能机制。方法(1)获取曲妥珠单抗非耐药及耐药HER2阳性乳腺癌患者的乳腺癌组织(设为非耐药组、耐药组),检测其lncRNA AC092718.4、miR-135a-5p、S100钙结合蛋白P(S100P)mRNA和蛋白的表达水平。(2)以对曲妥珠单抗不敏感的HER2阳性乳腺癌细胞系MDA-MB-361细胞作为原发耐药细胞模型,以乳腺癌细胞株BT-474细胞为亲本,构建对曲妥珠单抗继发耐药的细胞模型(BT-474/TRA细胞)。检测3种细胞中lncRNA AC092718.4、miR-135a-5p、S100P mRNA和蛋白的表达水平。经同一浓度曲妥珠单抗干预48 h后,检测3种细胞的活力。(3)取MDA-MB-361细胞分为sh-AC092718.4组、sh-NC组、对照组进行实验,其中sh-AC092718.4组细胞和sh-NC组分别转染sh-AC092718.4和sh-NC,对照组细胞未经任何处理。经同一浓度曲妥珠单抗干预48 h后,检测3组细胞的活力。(4)采用starBase和TargetScan分别预测lncRNA AC092718.4和miR-135a-5p的潜在靶标。通过双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证lncRNA AC092718.4与miR-135a-5p之间、miR-135a-5p与S100P之间的靶向结合情况。结果(1)与非耐药组相比,耐药组lncRNA AC092718.4、S100P mRNA、S100P蛋白表达水平升高,miR-135a-5p表达水平降低(P<0.05)。(2)与BT-474细胞相比,BT-474/TRA细胞及MDA-MB-361细胞的lncRNA AC092718.4、S100P mRNA、S100P蛋白表达水平升高,miR-135a-5p表达水平降低,曲妥珠单抗干预48 h后的细胞活力更大(P<0.05)。(3)与对照组和sh-NC组比较,sh-AC092718.4组MDA-MB-361细胞活力降低(P<0.05)。(4)starBase预测结果显示,lncRNA AC092718.4与miR-135a-5p有靶向结合位点;TargetScan预测结果显示,miR-135a-5p与S100P有靶向结合位点。荧光素酶报告基因实验结果提示,lncRNA AC092718.4可与miR-135a-5p直接结合,S100P是miR-135a-5p的靶基因。结论LncRNA AC092718.4促进乳腺癌细胞对曲妥珠单抗产生耐药性,下调lncRNA AC092718.4表达可减轻MDA-MB-361细胞对曲妥珠单抗的耐药性,其机制可能涉及lncRNA AC092718.4作为竞争性内源RNA竞争性结合miR-135a-5p,从而上调S100P的表达。

某院住院药房2019-2021年口服降血脂药的应用分析

目的分析复旦大学附属中山医院厦门医院(以下简称“本院”)住院患者2019—2021年口服降血脂药的应用情况及发展趋势,评价用药合理性,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法从医院信息管理系统(HIS)选取本院2019—2021年住院药房降血脂药物的使用数据,获取该类药物名称、规格、年出库总量与年销售总金额等。采用世界卫生组织(WHO)推荐的成人限定日剂量(DDD)、用药频度(DDDS)、日均费用(DDC)等进行统计分析,利用排序比(B/A)对药物使用的同步性进行比较。结果2019—2021年本院住院患者口服降血脂药用药金额年均增长率为8.19%,销售额相对平稳,呈逐年上升趋势。其中他汀类占主导,销售额连续3年最高,占比最多;其次为贝特类。DDDS排名中阿托伐他汀钙片连续3年排名第1位,非诺贝特胶囊逐年上升,且3年连续排名第2位,其他降血脂药DDDS相对稳定,略微波动。辛伐他汀片DDC值最高,非诺贝特胶囊DDC值排序三年均靠后。2019—2021年绝大部分降血脂药的B/A值接近于1,同步性较好。结论2019—2021年本院住院患者口服降血脂药使用情况较为合理,选用符合规范。药品种类相对稳定,用药情况符合规范要求。

丹参川芎嗪与阿托伐他汀钙联合用药方案治疗急性心肌梗死的效果评价

目的探讨丹参川芎嗪联合阿托伐他汀钙治疗急性心肌梗死的疗效,为临床医师选择合理用药方案提供参考。方法选取2019年1月1日至2019年12月31日沈阳七三九医院诊治的急性心肌梗死患者52例作为研究对象,依据随机数字表法,将研究样本均分为两组,分别为对照组与观察组,每组26例。在基础治疗的前提下,对照组采用阿托伐他汀钙,观察组则同时应用丹参川芎嗪与阿托伐他汀钙。对比分析两组患者治疗效果以及心功能指标的改变。结果观察组的临床疗效(92.31%)优于对照组(69.23%)(P=0.035)。治疗后,观察组的心功能指标,包括每搏输出量、中心静脉压及左室射血分数,均较治疗前明显改善(P<0.05),且三项指标均优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论丹参川芎嗪与阿托伐他汀钙联合用药方案治疗急性心肌梗死的效果明显,能改善患者心功能。

羟苯磺酸钙口服制剂上市后安全性分析

目的分析羟苯磺酸钙口服制剂安全性信息,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法对2004年1月1日至2023年3月31日国家药品不良反应监测数据库中羟苯磺酸钙口服制剂的ADR发生特点及临床表现进行汇总;对2000年1月1日至2024年5月31日国内外文献数据库相关ADR报道进行整理;对国内外药品说明书进行分析。结果2004年1月1日至2023年3月31日,共有羟苯磺酸钙制剂ADR病例报告3815例,其中严重病例182例,严重病例报告中,皮肤损害报告较多;文献报道中毒性表皮坏死松解症较突出,且患者均伴随有肾功能损害。结论羟苯磺酸钙口服制剂可致严重皮肤损害,尤其肾功能损害需透析的患者需慎用,医疗机构应关注此风险。药品上市许可持有人应加强ADR监测,及时完善羟苯磺酸钙口服制剂说明书安全性信息。