To compare the efficacy of various irrigants(citric acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA) and Na OCl) and techniques in removing Ca(OH)2in two types of curved root canal systems, simulated root canals with speci...To compare the efficacy of various irrigants(citric acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA) and Na OCl) and techniques in removing Ca(OH)2in two types of curved root canal systems, simulated root canals with specific curvatures were used to investigate the effects of different irrigants and instruments on Ca(OH)2removal. The optimal methods were verified on extracted human teeth. Simulated root canals were assigned to one of two groups based on the irrigation solution: 10% citric acid or2.5% Na OCl. Each group was divided into four subgroups according to the technique used to remove Ca(OH)2. The percentage of Ca(OH)2removal in different sections of root canals was calculated. On the basis of the results obtained for the simulated canals, 10% citric acid and 17% EDTA were applied to remove Ca(OH)2from the extracted human teeth with curved root canal systems. The teeth were scanned by micro computed tomography to calculate the percentage of Ca(OH)2removal in the canals.In simulated root canals, we found that 10% citric acid removed more Ca(OH)2than 2.5% NaOCl in the 0–1 mm group from the apex level(Po0.05). Ultrasonic and Endo Activator activation significantly removed more Ca(OH)2than a size 30 K file in the apical third(Po0.05). However, there were no significant differences in any sections of the canals for 10% citric acid or 17%EDTA in removing Ca(OH)2in extracted human teeth. We concluded that it was effective to remove residual Ca(OH)2using the decalcifying solution with Endo Activator or Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation in a curved root canal system. A protocol for Ca(OH)2removal was provided based on the conclusions of this study and the methods recommended in previous studies.展开更多
Calcium hydroxide（CH） is applied to improve disinfection of root canals in most root canal retreatment. This study aimed to analyze the CH removal efficacy using 7 different root preparing files（K file, pre-curved ...Calcium hydroxide（CH） is applied to improve disinfection of root canals in most root canal retreatment. This study aimed to analyze the CH removal efficacy using 7 different root preparing files（K file, pre-curved K file, EndoActivator, Ultrasonic file, pre-curved ultrasonic file, F file and needle irrigation alone） with apical transportation. Standardized models of curved canal with such apical transportation or not were set up before applying CH to root canal for 7 days. Seven techniques described above were used for its removal. Then the roots were disassembled and digital photos were taken. The ratio of residual CH in the overall canal surface was calculated using the image analyzer image pro plus 6.0. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey test. Results revealed that CH was effectively removed（P〈0.05） by using all 6 mechanical methods except irrigation alone. In curved root canals with apical transportation, EndoActivator, pre-curved ultrasonic file and F file were found to be more effective in removing CH than the other four file（P〈0.001）, while there was no significant difference among EndoActivator, pre-curved ultrasonic file and F file groups（P〉0.05）. The percentage of residual CH in the canal with apical transportation was higher than that in the canal without apical transportation（P〈0.05）. In conclusion, CH can be hardly removed completely. Canal with apical transportation will result in insufficient CH removal. EndoActivator, pre-curved ultrasonic file and F file are more effective in the curved root canal with apical transportation.展开更多
Background: Calcium hydroxide has been used in dentistry since several decades. It has been used in a number of applications in the field of endodontics such as root resorption, intracanal medicament, and root canal s...Background: Calcium hydroxide has been used in dentistry since several decades. It has been used in a number of applications in the field of endodontics such as root resorption, intracanal medicament, and root canal sealers. Although this material exhibits several advantages, it also has some limitations. Objectives: To review the role of calcium hydroxide in the field of endodontics, focusing on its mechanism of action, antimicrobial effects, different applications, cytotoxicity or biocompatibility, and its removal from the root canals. Materials and Methods: An electronic search was done using different databases. Out of 2,664 articles, only 33 articles have been selected to be included in this review because they are directly related to the topic and matched the inclusion criteria of this review: “Language: English” and “Year: 2000-2016”. Results: The antimicrobial effect of calcium hydroxide is controversial. Although some studies supported the effectiveness of calcium hydroxide against some bacteria others reported its limitation against fungal infection. Calcium hydroxide can be used effectively as intracanal medicament, root canal sealer, in weeping canals, for perforation management and root resorption. Conclusions: Despite the limitation of antimicrobial activity of calcium hydroxide, it is used effectively in a number of treatment modalities in endodontics. Due to its biological and therapeutical properties, calcium hydroxide is the material of choice for all pulp therapy. However, when using calcium hydroxide as a dressing material in root canal treatment caution should be taken to prevent the overextension of the paste beyond the tooth apex and avoid the harmful side effects.展开更多
目的观察iRoot Bp Plus作为盖髓剂,在活髓切断术中治疗感染性畸形中央尖的临床效果。方法将2018年10月—2019年12月在医院就诊,因畸形中央尖折断或磨损后继发牙髓感染的年轻恒牙为研究对象,共26颗,按就诊顺序将患者分为试验组(13颗)和...目的观察iRoot Bp Plus作为盖髓剂,在活髓切断术中治疗感染性畸形中央尖的临床效果。方法将2018年10月—2019年12月在医院就诊,因畸形中央尖折断或磨损后继发牙髓感染的年轻恒牙为研究对象,共26颗,按就诊顺序将患者分为试验组(13颗)和对照组(13颗)。试验组使用iRoot BP Plus进行活髓切断术,对照组使用氢氧化钙糊剂进行活髓切断术。比较两组活髓切断术后1、3、6、12个月复查,观察术后症状、钙化桥形成及牙根发育等,计算两组患儿临床及影像学成功率。结果试验组患者术后1、3、6、12个月复查术后症状明显低于对照组,而钙化桥形成率则高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者在术后1个月、3个月时的复查临床及影像学成功率相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在术后6、12个月时试验组复查临床及影像学成功率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在感染性畸形中央尖活髓切断术中,运用iRoot Bp Plus进行活髓切断,可明显的减少术后的不良症状,促进患牙的钙化桥形成及牙根发育,提升患儿的临床及影像学成功率,获得较好的效果。展开更多
目的比较生物陶瓷根管修复剂(Iroot BP Plus)与氢氧化钙[Ca(OH)_(2)]在牙髓保存中的效果。方法选取2018年1月-2020年1月景德镇市第一人民医院收治的100例牙体牙髓疾病患者(100颗牙),其中因创伤所致前牙创伤露髓牙30例(30颗牙),因有冷热...目的比较生物陶瓷根管修复剂(Iroot BP Plus)与氢氧化钙[Ca(OH)_(2)]在牙髓保存中的效果。方法选取2018年1月-2020年1月景德镇市第一人民医院收治的100例牙体牙髓疾病患者(100颗牙),其中因创伤所致前牙创伤露髓牙30例(30颗牙),因有冷热刺激一过性疼痛深龋齿70例(70颗牙)。按随机数字表法将30颗前牙创伤露髓牙与70颗冷热刺激一过性疼痛深龋齿各分为2组,其中对照A组15颗,观察A组15颗,对照B组35颗,观察B组35颗。所有患者均予以活髓切断术,对照A组、对照B组术后以Ca(OH)_(2)填充治疗,观察A组、观察B组以Iroot BP Plus填充治疗,随访至术后3个月。对比4组临床疗效、牙髓保存成功率。结果观察A组、观察B组治疗1,3个月的治疗Ⅰ级有效率分别为80.00%(12/15)、93.33%(14/15)、71.43%(25/35)、91.43%(32/35),高于对照A组、对照B组的13.33%(2/15)、26.67%(4/15)、45.71%(16/35)、57.14%(20/35),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗3个月后,观察A组、观察B组牙髓保存成功率分别为100.00%(15/15)、97.14%(34/35),高于对照A组、对照B组的40.00%(6/15)65.71%(23/35),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与Ca(OH)_(2),相比,Iroot BP Plus在牙髓保存中效果更为确切,可有效修复牙体缺损,提高牙髓保存成功率。展开更多
目的比较Vitapex糊剂与氢氧化钙糊剂根管填充治疗乳牙牙髓炎患儿的效果差异。方法选取2022年8月至2023年6月电子科技大学医学院附属妇女儿童医院·成都市妇女儿童中心医院口腔门诊诊治的130例(130颗牙)乳牙牙髓炎患儿作为研究对象,...目的比较Vitapex糊剂与氢氧化钙糊剂根管填充治疗乳牙牙髓炎患儿的效果差异。方法选取2022年8月至2023年6月电子科技大学医学院附属妇女儿童医院·成都市妇女儿童中心医院口腔门诊诊治的130例(130颗牙)乳牙牙髓炎患儿作为研究对象,根据就诊单双号将其分为试验组和对照组(每组65例),试验组患儿根管填充治疗采用Vitapex糊剂、对照组患儿根管填充治疗采用氢氧化钙糊剂,对比两组患儿治疗前后疼痛程度、龈沟液中炎症因子水平、牙龈情况及咀嚼效率、咀嚼功能、临床效果的差异。结果治疗后3、7、14 d,两组患儿的疼痛明显缓解,试验组患儿治疗后3、7 d的视觉模拟疼痛量表(VAS)评分均低于对照组(3.32±0.89 vs 3.94±0.94,1.64±0.60 vs 1.90±0.57,P<0.05);治疗后7 d两组患儿炎症程度均明显缓解,患儿的IL-1β、IL-8、TNF-α、IL-6水平均明显降低,试验组患儿低于对照组(14.30±2.77 vs 18.32±4.13,25.41±4.80 vs 28.32±5.02,2.84±0.77 vs 3.36±0.95,13.04±2.20 vs 15.46±2.89,P<0.05);治疗7 d后,两组患儿咬合时间明显缩短、咬合力明显提高,试验组患儿的咬合力提高更明显(133.2±14.8 vs 121.8±15.0,P<0.05);治疗2个月后,试验组痊愈率为64.62%、显效率为33.85%、有效率为1.54%,对照组痊愈率为44.62%、显效率为49.23%、有效率为6.15%,试验组疗效明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论Vitapex糊剂与氢氧化钙糊剂根管填充治疗乳牙牙髓炎患儿,均能缓解炎症反应程度及疼痛程度,但是前者具有更好的消炎止痛效果,总体疗效更好。展开更多
基金supported by projects from the Sichuan Science and Technology Department(Grant No.2013JY0164)the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81670980)
文摘To compare the efficacy of various irrigants(citric acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA) and Na OCl) and techniques in removing Ca(OH)2in two types of curved root canal systems, simulated root canals with specific curvatures were used to investigate the effects of different irrigants and instruments on Ca(OH)2removal. The optimal methods were verified on extracted human teeth. Simulated root canals were assigned to one of two groups based on the irrigation solution: 10% citric acid or2.5% Na OCl. Each group was divided into four subgroups according to the technique used to remove Ca(OH)2. The percentage of Ca(OH)2removal in different sections of root canals was calculated. On the basis of the results obtained for the simulated canals, 10% citric acid and 17% EDTA were applied to remove Ca(OH)2from the extracted human teeth with curved root canal systems. The teeth were scanned by micro computed tomography to calculate the percentage of Ca(OH)2removal in the canals.In simulated root canals, we found that 10% citric acid removed more Ca(OH)2than 2.5% NaOCl in the 0–1 mm group from the apex level(Po0.05). Ultrasonic and Endo Activator activation significantly removed more Ca(OH)2than a size 30 K file in the apical third(Po0.05). However, there were no significant differences in any sections of the canals for 10% citric acid or 17%EDTA in removing Ca(OH)2in extracted human teeth. We concluded that it was effective to remove residual Ca(OH)2using the decalcifying solution with Endo Activator or Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation in a curved root canal system. A protocol for Ca(OH)2removal was provided based on the conclusions of this study and the methods recommended in previous studies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81200781)
文摘Calcium hydroxide（CH） is applied to improve disinfection of root canals in most root canal retreatment. This study aimed to analyze the CH removal efficacy using 7 different root preparing files（K file, pre-curved K file, EndoActivator, Ultrasonic file, pre-curved ultrasonic file, F file and needle irrigation alone） with apical transportation. Standardized models of curved canal with such apical transportation or not were set up before applying CH to root canal for 7 days. Seven techniques described above were used for its removal. Then the roots were disassembled and digital photos were taken. The ratio of residual CH in the overall canal surface was calculated using the image analyzer image pro plus 6.0. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey test. Results revealed that CH was effectively removed（P〈0.05） by using all 6 mechanical methods except irrigation alone. In curved root canals with apical transportation, EndoActivator, pre-curved ultrasonic file and F file were found to be more effective in removing CH than the other four file（P〈0.001）, while there was no significant difference among EndoActivator, pre-curved ultrasonic file and F file groups（P〉0.05）. The percentage of residual CH in the canal with apical transportation was higher than that in the canal without apical transportation（P〈0.05）. In conclusion, CH can be hardly removed completely. Canal with apical transportation will result in insufficient CH removal. EndoActivator, pre-curved ultrasonic file and F file are more effective in the curved root canal with apical transportation.
文摘Background: Calcium hydroxide has been used in dentistry since several decades. It has been used in a number of applications in the field of endodontics such as root resorption, intracanal medicament, and root canal sealers. Although this material exhibits several advantages, it also has some limitations. Objectives: To review the role of calcium hydroxide in the field of endodontics, focusing on its mechanism of action, antimicrobial effects, different applications, cytotoxicity or biocompatibility, and its removal from the root canals. Materials and Methods: An electronic search was done using different databases. Out of 2,664 articles, only 33 articles have been selected to be included in this review because they are directly related to the topic and matched the inclusion criteria of this review: “Language: English” and “Year: 2000-2016”. Results: The antimicrobial effect of calcium hydroxide is controversial. Although some studies supported the effectiveness of calcium hydroxide against some bacteria others reported its limitation against fungal infection. Calcium hydroxide can be used effectively as intracanal medicament, root canal sealer, in weeping canals, for perforation management and root resorption. Conclusions: Despite the limitation of antimicrobial activity of calcium hydroxide, it is used effectively in a number of treatment modalities in endodontics. Due to its biological and therapeutical properties, calcium hydroxide is the material of choice for all pulp therapy. However, when using calcium hydroxide as a dressing material in root canal treatment caution should be taken to prevent the overextension of the paste beyond the tooth apex and avoid the harmful side effects.
文摘目的观察iRoot Bp Plus作为盖髓剂,在活髓切断术中治疗感染性畸形中央尖的临床效果。方法将2018年10月—2019年12月在医院就诊,因畸形中央尖折断或磨损后继发牙髓感染的年轻恒牙为研究对象,共26颗,按就诊顺序将患者分为试验组(13颗)和对照组(13颗)。试验组使用iRoot BP Plus进行活髓切断术,对照组使用氢氧化钙糊剂进行活髓切断术。比较两组活髓切断术后1、3、6、12个月复查,观察术后症状、钙化桥形成及牙根发育等,计算两组患儿临床及影像学成功率。结果试验组患者术后1、3、6、12个月复查术后症状明显低于对照组,而钙化桥形成率则高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者在术后1个月、3个月时的复查临床及影像学成功率相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在术后6、12个月时试验组复查临床及影像学成功率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在感染性畸形中央尖活髓切断术中,运用iRoot Bp Plus进行活髓切断,可明显的减少术后的不良症状,促进患牙的钙化桥形成及牙根发育,提升患儿的临床及影像学成功率,获得较好的效果。
文摘目的比较生物陶瓷根管修复剂(Iroot BP Plus)与氢氧化钙[Ca(OH)_(2)]在牙髓保存中的效果。方法选取2018年1月-2020年1月景德镇市第一人民医院收治的100例牙体牙髓疾病患者(100颗牙),其中因创伤所致前牙创伤露髓牙30例(30颗牙),因有冷热刺激一过性疼痛深龋齿70例(70颗牙)。按随机数字表法将30颗前牙创伤露髓牙与70颗冷热刺激一过性疼痛深龋齿各分为2组,其中对照A组15颗,观察A组15颗,对照B组35颗,观察B组35颗。所有患者均予以活髓切断术,对照A组、对照B组术后以Ca(OH)_(2)填充治疗,观察A组、观察B组以Iroot BP Plus填充治疗,随访至术后3个月。对比4组临床疗效、牙髓保存成功率。结果观察A组、观察B组治疗1,3个月的治疗Ⅰ级有效率分别为80.00%(12/15)、93.33%(14/15)、71.43%(25/35)、91.43%(32/35),高于对照A组、对照B组的13.33%(2/15)、26.67%(4/15)、45.71%(16/35)、57.14%(20/35),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗3个月后,观察A组、观察B组牙髓保存成功率分别为100.00%(15/15)、97.14%(34/35),高于对照A组、对照B组的40.00%(6/15)65.71%(23/35),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与Ca(OH)_(2),相比,Iroot BP Plus在牙髓保存中效果更为确切,可有效修复牙体缺损,提高牙髓保存成功率。
文摘目的比较Vitapex糊剂与氢氧化钙糊剂根管填充治疗乳牙牙髓炎患儿的效果差异。方法选取2022年8月至2023年6月电子科技大学医学院附属妇女儿童医院·成都市妇女儿童中心医院口腔门诊诊治的130例(130颗牙)乳牙牙髓炎患儿作为研究对象,根据就诊单双号将其分为试验组和对照组(每组65例),试验组患儿根管填充治疗采用Vitapex糊剂、对照组患儿根管填充治疗采用氢氧化钙糊剂,对比两组患儿治疗前后疼痛程度、龈沟液中炎症因子水平、牙龈情况及咀嚼效率、咀嚼功能、临床效果的差异。结果治疗后3、7、14 d,两组患儿的疼痛明显缓解,试验组患儿治疗后3、7 d的视觉模拟疼痛量表(VAS)评分均低于对照组(3.32±0.89 vs 3.94±0.94,1.64±0.60 vs 1.90±0.57,P<0.05);治疗后7 d两组患儿炎症程度均明显缓解,患儿的IL-1β、IL-8、TNF-α、IL-6水平均明显降低,试验组患儿低于对照组(14.30±2.77 vs 18.32±4.13,25.41±4.80 vs 28.32±5.02,2.84±0.77 vs 3.36±0.95,13.04±2.20 vs 15.46±2.89,P<0.05);治疗7 d后,两组患儿咬合时间明显缩短、咬合力明显提高,试验组患儿的咬合力提高更明显(133.2±14.8 vs 121.8±15.0,P<0.05);治疗2个月后,试验组痊愈率为64.62%、显效率为33.85%、有效率为1.54%,对照组痊愈率为44.62%、显效率为49.23%、有效率为6.15%,试验组疗效明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论Vitapex糊剂与氢氧化钙糊剂根管填充治疗乳牙牙髓炎患儿,均能缓解炎症反应程度及疼痛程度,但是前者具有更好的消炎止痛效果,总体疗效更好。
