Use of calendula cream balm to medicate the feet of diabetic patients:Case series

Introduction:Different products are used on the foot injuries of diabetic patients with more or less effective results.Calendula officinalis,which is used for its effective antihaemorrhagic properties,also known to the ancient Romans,who used it directly on injuries,is used as a topical anti-inflammatory,healing,and antiseptic treatment,although this is scarcely documented.There is no study in the literature to demonstrate the effectiveness of calendula cream in the prevention and cure of foot injuries on diabetic patients.Case presentation:Bio Calendula,Dr.Theiss,cream balm by Naturwaren was recommended to 4 patients diagnosed with diabetes and various injuries(micro traumas)on their lower and upper limbs,which showed all the signs and symptoms of ongoing infection:lesions with pus,swollen,red edges,localised heat,and pain.The cream was to be applied twice daily,after cleansing with very mild soaps or bath&shower gel,and warm water,WITHOUT rubbing the cleanser onto the limbs.The cream was to be applied with a gentle massage,until fully absorbed,WITHOUT covering the injuries.It is well known that incorrect treatment to even small foot injuries on diabetic patients can lead to serious complications,including infections that can in turn lead to amputation.Conclusion:As shown in the photographs taken over different periods during the use of the cream balm,the results are excellent;the healing process is easy to see and the progress of the infection process has been blocked,reducing itching,redness,pain,dryness,the disappearance of various scars,regrowth of hair on the legs,no intolerance and great patient satisfaction.Observational studies of RCTs(Random Trial Controls)could help clinics in understanding whether or not this cream is suitable for injured limbs to prevent the worsening of the infection which would in turn lead to suffering for the patient and increased healthcare costs.

Stability Study of O/W Cosmetic Emulsions Using <i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i>and <i>Calendula officinalis</i>Extracts

Cosmetic emulsions, as all macro emulsions, are inherently unstable systems, from a thermodynamic viewpoint. More specific eco-friendly oil/water (O/W) cosmetic emulsions are usually less stable than conventional ones as milder chemicals or less intense (energy consuming) production processes are involved. In this context, two traditional techniques an optical technique and a volumetric one have been used for the assessment of the stability of cosmetic emulsions and compared to each other. Eco-friendly cosmetic emulsions were produced with different olive oil/water extracts (Rosmarinus officinalis and Calendula officinalis extracts) and emulsifier (Glycerol monostearate, GMS) concentrations. Emulsions’ stability was registered simultaneously by 1) Microscopy photos of samples withdrawn at regular intervals from the test vessel;2) global volumetric measurements of the different phases (water/oil/emulsion) inside the test vessel made at regular intervals for determining the evolution of the location of the phases separation interface. Analysis of the results of each technique and comparisons among them are presented and discussed in detail.

Contact Dermatitis With the Homoeopathic Medicine Calendula officinalis:A Rare Case Report

Introduction:Herbal medicines and other traditional medicines are well accepted in India and are readily available as over-the-counter preparations.With their increased use,the safety and quality of homoeopathic medicines have become a major concern for health authorities,pharmaceutical industries,and consumers.It is difficult to assess the adverse effects of homoeopathic medicines due to a lack of scientific evidence regarding their safety and efficacy in clinical trials or post-marketing surveillance.Here,we reported a patient with contact dermatitis due to the homoeopathic medicine Calendula officinalis.Case presentation:A 33-year-old previously healthy woman presented with pruritus,redness,and swelling over the entire face and upper neck.The symptoms developed within about 1 hour after the use of a homoeopathic skin ointment containing 2%Calendula officinalis as the major ingredient in an aqueous base.Cutaneous examination revealed periorbital edema and facial swelling with multiple vesicular eruptions over erythematous edematous plaques on the face.A clinical diagnosis of contact dermatitis was considered.Discussion:Many herbal preparations in India are available without safety data.Calendula officinalis extract(oil expressed from seeds)is used in various skin products.The exact allergens present in Calendula officinalis are unknown,but the flowers reportedly contain a variety of phenolic acids and phenylpropanoids that have elicited contact dermatitis.Conclusion:Anecdotal case reports of accidental exposure/sensitization and experimental studies provide sufficient evidence to confirm the causal relationship between contact dermatitis with Calendula Officinalis.Postmarketing surveillance of all homoeopathic medicines should be mandatory,and the availability of such preparations as over-the-counter drugs must be restricted.

陇东黄土高原石油污染土壤环境因子对金盏菊(Calendula officinalis)-微生物联合修复的响应

为筛选适合陇东黄土高原石油污染土壤修复植物,选取当地"适生"植物金盏菊(Calendula officinalis)联合微生物菌剂开展了为期5个月的原位修复实验.采用常规方法和PCR-DGGE技术分析了修复过程中土壤理化性质、酶活性及土壤微生物群落遗传多样性等15项土壤环境因子的动态变化情况及其对金盏菊生态修复的响应.结果表明,随着原位修复的进行,1土壤脲酶、多酚氧化酶、过氧化氢酶及脱氢酶活性均不同程度呈增加的趋势(p<0.05).2土壤TPHs、p H、有机质、含盐率的变化情况不尽相同,但总体呈下降的趋势(p<0.05);土壤碱解氮、速效磷及速效钾含量总体呈上升趋势(p<0.05).3土壤微生物群落遗传多样性结果显示,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数整体呈逐步增加的趋势.4PCA分析结果显示,土壤脲酶、脱氢酶及碱解氮等环境因子对金盏菊修复表现为促进作用,而有机质含量过高将不利于金盏菊的植物修复.金盏菊和微生物菌剂联合修复过程中,土壤多酚氧化酶、速效磷、脱氢酶及速效钾发挥主要作用,而土壤TPHs和含盐率过高则影响了联合修复效果.本研究旨在分析金盏菊用于陇东地区油污土壤的生态响应,结果有助于筛选出适合陇东黄土高原土壤类别-适生植物-土著降解菌群的组合,利用乡土物种的适生性降低修复成本,为陇东地区油污土壤生态修复提供新的技术方案和背景资料.

Evaluation of Calendula officinalis L.(marigold)flower as a natural growth promoter in comparison with an antibiotic growth promoter on growth performance,carcass traits and humoral immune responses of broilers

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of dried powder of Calendula ojficinalis L.(marigold)flower as an antibiotic growth promoter substitute on growth performance,organ weights,and immunological parameters in broilers.A total of 240 mixed sex broilers(Ross 308)at 1 d of age were individually weighed and randomly assigned to 4 treatments with 4 replicates of 15 birds for 6 wk.The dietary treatments were:1)a basal diet(control);2)control plus 4.5 mg flavophospholipol/kg of diet;3)control plus 5 g marigold/kg of diet;4)control plus 10 g marigold/kg of diet.Antibody responses against Newcastle(NDV),influenza(AI)viruses,and sheep red blood cells(SRBC)were measured.Supplementing 4.5 mg flavophospholipol/kg of diet enhanced body weight(BW)of broilers at 14 and 28 d of age(P<0.05),but final BW at 42 d was not markedly affected.At 14 and 28 d of age,broilers fed diets supplemented with 10 g marigold/kg of diet had significantly lower BW compared with broilers fed the basal diet supplemented with antibiotic or 5 g marigold/kg of diet.During the starter period,broilers fed diets supplemented with antibiotic had significantly(P<0.05)better FCR compared with broilers supplemented with 10 g marigold/kg of diet,but did not differ from broilers fed the basal diet or basal diet supplemented with 5 g marigold/kg of diet.There were no significant differences in FCR between treatments,during grower,finisher phases as well as for the whole experiment.Carcass yield was significantly(P<0.05)higher in broilers supplemented with 5 g marigold/kg of diet compared with broilers in other groups.The treatments failed to induce any marked effect on immune parameters.In conclusion,the results of this experiment showed that supplementation of 5 and 10 g dried powder of marigold/kg of diet has no affirmative influence on growth performance of broilers.

In vitro anti-leishmanial activity of methanolic extracts of Calendula officinalis flowers, Datura stramonium seeds, and Salvia officinalis leaves

AIM: The anti-leishmanial activity of methanolic extracts of Calendula officinalis flowers, Datura stramonium seeds, and Salvia officinalis leaves against extracellular(promastigote) and intracellular(amastigote) forms of Leishmania major were evaluated in this study. METHOD: In the first stage, promastigote forms of L. major, were treated with different doses of the plant extracts in a 96-well tissue-culture microplate and IC50 values for each extract were measured with colorimetric MTT assay. In the second stage, macrophage cells were infected with L. major promastigotes. Infected macrophages were treated with plant extracts. Then the macrophages were stained with Gimsa and the number of infected macrophages and amastigotes were counted with a light microscope. RESULTS: The results indicated that the plant extracts inhibited the growth of promastigotes and amastigotes of L. major. Inhibitory concentrations(IC50) for promastigote assay were 108.19, 155.15, and 184.32 μg·mL-1 for C. officinalis flowers, D. stramonium seeds and S. officinalis, respectively. The extracts also reduced the number of amastigotes in macrophage cells from 264 for control group to 88, 97, and 102 for test groups. Although the anti-leishmanial activity of the extracts were not comparable with the standard drug, miltefosine; but they showed significant efficiency in reducing the number of amastigotes in macrophages, in comparison with the control group(P < 0.001). These plant extracts had lower toxicity compared with miltefosine. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the potential efficacy of the methanolic extracts of C. officinalis flowers, D. stramonium seeds, and S. officinalis leaves to control of cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Efficient Microorganism Compost Benefits Plant Growth and Improves Soil Health in Calendula and Marigold

Organic farming needs to be promoted as a means of sustaining soil health and reducing the cost of farming, especially for small farmers.The present study deals with the effect of organic compost, prepared using Efficient Microorganism(EM) consortium and applied along with full or half of the recommended dose of chemical fertilizers, on the growth of Calendula and Marigold plants, soil physico-chemical parameters and soil enzyme activities. Soil enzyme activities were improved with the increase in the rate of EM compost application in both Calendula and Marigold. Carotenoid pigment increased by 46.11% and 12.19% with application of EM compost over the control in Calendula and Marigold flowers respectively. Soil humus, available nitrogen and organic carbon content also increased due to the supplementation of EM compost resulting in better soil fertility. For Calendula, treatment T5(Half dose NPK + EM compost 20 000 kg·hm^(-2)) was found to be the most promising in terms of acid phosphatase(82.63 μg p-Nitrophenyl Phosphate·g^(-1)·h^(-1)), dehydrogenase(10.46 μg Triphenyl Formazan·g^(-1)·d^(-1)) and β-glucosidase(0.30 IU·g^(-1)) activities. In Marigold, treatment C(Half dose NPK + EM compost 5 000 kg·hm^(-2)) was the most promising in terms of amendment in soil enzyme activities.

Fifty-year of Global Research in Calendula Officinalis L.(1971−2021):A Bibliometric Study

Background:Calendula officinalis L.(Compositae)is a Mediterranean annual plant widely used for its versatile biological activities.Objective:A bibliometric study of research data conducted from 1971 to 2021 was conducted.Methods:Bibliographic data was retrieved from the Scopus database and analyzed using VOSviewer and MS Excel.Polynomial regression was used to assess the annual production of research documents related to C.officinalis.Results:A total of 1,252 journal articles and conference papers were published by 4,452 authors,originated from 98 countries and disseminated in 706 sources.Iran(n=131),Brazil(n=119),India(n=113),Poland(n=112),and Italy(n=72)are the top-publishing countries.Journal of Ethnopharmacology is the top-cited journal,while Italy is the top-cited country.Steady growth was observed in the last fifty years,from 1971 to 2021.The anti-inflammatory,wound-healing,and anti-microbial properties are among the most prolific studies that have been conducted on this plant.Extensive research has been carried out on antioxidant compounds,terpenes,and volatile oils.Skin care and wound healing are the most common clinical applications.Co-citation analysis,keywords co-occurrence,and bibliographic coupling revealed diverse knowledge structures and intellectual dynamics.Conclusion:This comprehensive bibliometric study indicates that Calendula officinalis received significant re-search.The structured information may help understand research trends and locate this plant’s research hot spots and gaps.

Antiglycation and antioxidation properties of juglans regia and calendula officinalis:possible role in reducing diabetic complications and slowing down ageing

OBJECTIVE:Accumulation of advanced glycation end products(AGEs) in the body due to the non-enzymatic glycation of proteins and oxidation is associated with aging and diabetes mellitus.In this study we wanted to investigate the antiglycation and antioxidation potential of two medicinal plants:Juglans regia and Calendula officinalis.METHODS:In-vitro investigation was carried out to discover the antiglycation and antioxidation potential of J.regia and C.officinalis.Using an Ultraviolet Double-beam Spectrophotometer,we evaluated the antiglycation property of the crude methanolic extracts of J.regia and C.officinalis by assessing their ability to inhibit the Maillard reaction.Employing the same instrument we also measured the antioxidation potential of these plant extracts using the nitric oxide(NO) free radical-scavenging assay.RESULTS:J.regia had greater antiglycation ability,with a minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC 50) of 28 μg/mL as compared with that of C.officinalis(270 μg/mL).C.officinalis had greater antioxidation potential(26.10,22.07 and 16.06% at 0.5 mg,0.25 mg and 0.125 mg,respectively,as compared with 18.15,16.50 and 16.06% of J.regia,respectively).CONCLUSION:J.regia and C.officinalis inhibited the Maillard reaction and prevented oxidation in-vitro.Hence,the extracts of these plants could have therapeutic uses in curbing chronic diabetic complications and slowing down aging.

金盏花提取物的生物学功能及其在动物生产中的应用研究进展

金盏花是一种集观赏、食用和药用于一体的草本植物,富含醇溶碳水化合物、脂类、氨基酸、果胶、维生素、可溶性糖类等多种营养成分,同时还含有皂苷、酮类化合物、色素类、多糖等活性物质。金盏花提取物具有抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗骨质疏松等生物学功能。文章综述了金盏花提取物的生物学功能及其在动物生产中的应用进展,为金盏花作为新型动物饲料添加剂在动物生产中的应用提供参考。

金盏菊植物色素对真丝织物染色性能研究

以提取的金盏菊色素为染料,对真丝织物进行染色。采用硫酸铝钾预媒染法,研究了染色时间、金盏菊色素用量和染色温度对真丝织物染色性能的影响,测试了染色后真丝织物的色牢度、表面形貌结构、傅里叶红外变换光谱、X射线衍射光谱及抗氧化性能。结果表明,通过测定染色后真丝的K/S及E得出最佳染色条件为:染色时间65 min、金盏菊色素用量10%(o.w.f.)、染色温度70℃。金盏菊色素染色后的真丝织物具有良好的耐摩擦色牢度和耐皂洗色牢度,染色后织物的自由基清除率可达88.39%。

金盏菊枯萎病病原鉴定及防治药剂筛选

【目的】为了明确金盏菊枯萎病的病原菌种类、筛选防治药剂。【方法】对分离得到的金盏菊枯萎病病原菌进行了形态学和分子生物学鉴定,基于该病原菌的EF-1α序列构建了系统发育树并对其致病性进行了测定。【结果】结果表明,引起金盏菊枯萎病的病原为尖孢镰刀菌Fusarium oxysporum。通过生长速率法和盆栽法筛选了防治金盏菊枯萎病的药剂,结果表明,30%噁霉灵水剂和80%乙蒜素乳油对供试菌株F.oxysporum菌丝生长的抑制活性最强,同时对于该类病原菌的盆栽防效最好,高达88.09%和82.14%。【结论】研究结果为金盏菊枯萎病病原菌的鉴定及其田间防治提供了参考。

金盏花不同极性溶剂萃取物的抗氧化活性研究

旨在探讨金盏花不同极性溶剂萃取物的抗氧化活性。研究采用分光光度法来测定金盏花粗提物及萃取物的总黄酮和总酚含量。结果表明,正丁醇层萃取物的总黄酮、总酚含量最高,分别为:90.04 mgRE/g,152.66 mgGAE/g。为了评估金盏花不同极性溶剂萃取物的抗氧化性能,进行了DPPH、ABTS、超氧自由基清除实验和FRAP试验。金盏花正丁醇层对DPPH、ABTS、超氧自由基清除率的IC_(50)值分别为104.04,3.78,91.00μg/mL,其FRAP值为1466.63μmoL/g。在低浓度时乙酸乙酯萃取物对DPPH自由基的清除能力较强,其IC_(50)值为50.67μg/mL,FRAP值为1681.67μmoL/g。研究结果显示,金盏花正丁醇和乙酸乙酯萃取物具有较好的抗氧化能力,这与其具有较高的总黄酮和总酚含量有关。

金盏菊乙酸乙酯萃取相的酚酮类物质含量及其抗氧化、抑菌和酪氨酸酶抑制活性

本文研究了金盏菊乙酸乙酯萃取相(Ethyl acetate extraction,EA相)及其相关萃取相的总酚、总黄酮含量、体外抗氧化及抑菌活性,采用高效液相色谱(High performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)分析其中没食子酸、绿原酸、咖啡酸、芦丁和阿魏酸5种酚酮类物质的含量。结果表明,EA相的总酚酮含量、抗氧化和抑菌活性均高于其他萃取相,EA相总酚酮含量为330.760±4.640 mg/g,芦丁和没食子酸在EA相中含量最高,分别为0.978±0.203和0.230±0.301 mg/g;EA相抗氧化活性与阳性对照VC接近,对金黄色葡萄球菌属于中度敏感;EA相对酪氨酸酶活性有较好地抑制作用,其IC50为0.965±0.001 mg/mL,优于阳性对照熊果苷,其抑制作用表现为可逆的混合型抑制,抑制常数KI和KIS分别为0.254和5.577 mg/mL。EA相抗氧化、抑菌、抑制酪氨酸酶活性作用最好,与其总酚、总黄酮含量较高且富含功能成分有较大的相关性,这些酚酮类活性物质更易被乙酸乙酯溶剂所萃取。

金盏花药学研究概况

在广泛文献检索基础上,对金盏花的种属、成分、药理、临床应用等进行了概述,为其深入开发利用提供了科学资料。

盐胁迫对金盏菊生长、抗氧化能力和盐胁迫蛋白的影响

用NaCl浓度为0(对照),10,50,100,200,300mmol/L分别处理金盏菊,对不同盐浓度下金盏菊生长、抗氧化能力和盐胁迫蛋白的变化进行了研究。结果显示,在不同浓度NaCl胁迫下,与对照相比,金盏菊鲜重、干重、叶绿素含量、SOD和POD活性均呈先上升后下降趋势,而MDA含量呈先下降后上升趋势;Na+含量、细胞质膜透性呈上升趋势,而根系脱氢酶活性、K+含量、CAT活性则呈下降趋势。电泳结果显示,POD有8个谱带;10mmol/LNaCl处理诱导盐胁迫蛋白产生,而其他浓度盐胁迫均无盐胁迫蛋白诱导产生。因此,10mmol/L NaCl处理对金盏菊生长有一定促进作用,而随着NaCl浓度逐渐增加,其生长受抑制程度也逐渐加重。综合分析表明,金盏菊耐盐阈值为100mmol/L。

赤霉素及多效唑对3种草本花卉花期与株高的影响

采用不同质量浓度的赤霉素与多效唑对3种草本花卉金盏花、雏菊及三色堇的全株进行了喷施处理,分析了其对3种花卉开花起始时间、花期持续时间及株高的影响,主要研究结论是:(1)合适质量浓度的赤霉素喷施具有促使金盏花、雏菊及三色堇提前开花、缩短花期与增加株高的作用,而合适质量浓度的多效唑喷施正好相反,其具有推迟开花、延长花期与减小株高的作用;(2)在一定的范围内赤霉素的质量浓度与3种花卉花期的长短呈显著或极显著的负相关(p<0.05或p<0.01),而多效唑的质量浓度与3种花卉的花期呈正相关,其中三色堇的花期天数与多效唑质量浓度间的相关程度达极显著水平(p<0.01);(3)100 m g/L的赤霉素喷施可使金盏花、雏菊及三色堇分别提前18.0 d、11.0 d和12.4 d开花,并使其花期持续时间分别缩短3.7%、11.0%和18.3%,结实期株高分别增加86.6%、37.0%和101.6%;(4)100 m g/L的多效唑喷施可使金盏花、雏菊及三色堇分别推迟19.7 d、12.0 d和18.4 d开花,并使其花期持续时间分别延长11.0%、38.4%和31.1%,结实期株高分别减小39.4%、53.3%和41.6%.

园林废弃物堆肥替代泥炭用于天竺葵和金盏菊栽培

为探索园林废弃物堆肥替代泥炭用于天竺葵Pelargonium zonale和金盏菊Calendula officinalis栽培基质的可能性,将改良后的园林废弃物堆肥分别以0%,25%,50%,75%和100%的比例替代泥炭进行试验。将天竺葵和金盏菊的种子分别播种在不同基质中进行育苗研究,当幼苗生长35 d后进行测定。将幼苗分别移栽到不同基质中,栽培6个月后进行测定。结果表明:随园林废弃物比例的增加,基质的容重增加,总孔隙度度、通气孔隙度和持水孔隙度呈下降趋势。园林废弃物比例的增加提高了基质p H值、电导率值、大量元素和微量元素质量分数。育苗试验显示:天竺葵幼苗在园林废弃物处理中的生长量显著(P<0.05)低于对照组,即使在25%的低比例下也会对幼苗产生不良影响。金盏菊幼苗在添加25%和50%的园林废弃物处理中的生长量与对照组一致。盆栽试验显示:添加园林废弃物显著(P<0.05)增加了天竺葵和金盏菊的地上部分干质量、株高、茎直径和叶面积以及金盏菊的根干质量和花蕾数。园林废弃物堆肥可以部分代替泥炭作为金盏菊育苗基质及天竺葵和金盏菊的栽培基质。

金盏菊花中色素的提取工艺及稳定性研究

目的:确定金盏菊花色素的最佳提取工艺,并对其稳定性进行研究。方法:以浸提法对金盏菊花中的色素进行提取,通过对提取剂、料液比、提取温度、提取时间4因素进行,L9(34)正交试验得到最佳提取条件;同时考察光照、热和食品添加剂等对色素稳定性的影响。结果:金盏菊花色素最佳提取工艺为提取剂90%乙醇、料液比1:8(g/mL)、在70℃水浴中浸提40min;该色素在酸性条件下稳定性较好,对光和热稳定性好;pH值对色素的稳定性影响较大,在酸性条件(pH5)下该色素较稳定;常用食品添加剂如葡萄糖、蔗糖对色素的色泽无不良影响,金属离子Na+、Mg2+、Ca2+、Cu2+对金盏菊花色素无不良影响,而Fe3+则对色素有明显影响。结论:获得金盏菊花中色素提取的最佳工艺;色素对光、热、常用食品添加剂的稳定性良好,为其在食品和药品中的应用提供了广阔的前景。

菊科花卉常见缺素症及植株养分含量变化探讨

通过溶液培养的方法,研究了3种主要菊科花卉(金盏菊、孔雀草、万寿菊)在缺N、P、K、Ca、Mg、S条件下的缺素症状及其生物量与营养元素变化情况。结果表明,金盏菊、万寿菊缺N,孔雀草缺K时症状最为明显;缺N对金盏菊、孔雀草、万寿菊的植株生物量影响最大;与全素(CK)相比,金盏菊和万寿菊缺K处理植株N浓度增加,3种花卉缺N、缺K处理均增加植株的P含量,但缺P处理降低植株K浓度,缺K处理增加其含Ca量,缺Ca处理增加其含K量和含Mg量,金盏菊缺Mg处理的含K量增加,3种花卉缺S处理植株S含量降幅不大,孔雀草和万寿菊缺N、P、K、Ca处理均可导致植株S含量增加。