Fecal microbiota of three bactrian camels(Camelus ferus and Camelus bactrianus) in China by high throughput sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene

This study aimed to reveal the microbial diversity in the fecal samples of bactrian camels using the 16 S r RNA sequencing analysis on the Illumina Mi Seq platform. Three fecal samples were collected from two geographical regions in China. Operational taxonomic unit（OTU） clustering was performed by identifying an OTU at 97% sequence identity. The alpha and beta diversities were applied to estimate the differences in microbial diversity among the three fecal samples. Totally, 4409, 3151 and 4075 OTUs in the fecal samples were identified in the Lop Nor wild camel（Camelus ferus）, the domestic camel（C. bactrianus） and Dunhuang wild camel（C. ferus）, respectively. The majority of bactreria were affiliated with phylum Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in the three samples. The wild camels had higher gastrointestinal tract microbial diversity than the domestic one, while the microbial composition of the Lop Nor wild camel shared higher similarity with domestic camel at the genus and family levels than that of the Dunhuang wild camel did. Our results may provide a theoretical basis for assessing their health conditions and may thus be useful for protecting the critically endangered species of C. ferus.

无线网桥技术在野骆驼监测中的应用

野骆驼(Camelus ferus)天性警惕,人们很难见到,研究监测难度相对较大。常用的监测方法主要有红外线相机和卫星定位跟踪项圈。“无线网桥+雷达摄像装置”首次用于野骆驼监测。无线网桥监控能够减少因监测人员在监测区域内频繁活动给野生动物带来的干扰,较完整地监测到野生动物在自然状态下的活动状况,且能够全天候不间断监测,数据保存完整,监测区域覆盖面大、获取物种种类多、影像质量高等。2020年9月至2021年8月期间,安南坝保护区在此监测区域共监测到国家重点保护野生动物18种,有野骆驼(Camelus ferus)、雪豹(Cuon alpinus)、豺(Panthera uncia)、高山兀鹫(Gyps himalayensis)、黑颈鹤(Grus nigricollis)等国家Ⅰ级保护野生动物8种,其中在库姆塔格沙漠南缘山区首次发现雪豹。