[Objectives] To study the original plant,traits and microscopic identification for Yi medicinal material Campanula colorata,and provide experimental data for its identification and medicinal use. [Methods] Plant ident...[Objectives] To study the original plant,traits and microscopic identification for Yi medicinal material Campanula colorata,and provide experimental data for its identification and medicinal use. [Methods] Plant identification,trait identification,powder identification and paraffin slice identification were adopted in the study. [Results]It was found that the original plant of Campanula colorata was characterized by stiff hairs,slightly thicker root than stem,serrated leaf margin,tubular bell-shaped corolla and blue-purple color; traits were featured by odorlessness,and bitter taste after slight sweetness; the microscopic identification characteristics were that the laticifer was sporadic,containing reddish brown or yellow brown materials,and the oil droplets and nonglandular hairs were common. [Conclusions] The original plant,trait and microscopic identification characteristics were obvious for Yi medicinal material Campanula colorata,which could provide a reference for developing quality standards and identifying the original plant of Campanula colorata,and provide the basis for further research and development.展开更多
The distant hybridization was used in lodging-resistance breeding of Platycodon grandiflorus. The parents were Platycodon grandiflorus (♀) and Campanula medium (♂). 187 seeds of F1 were harvested by using the inter-...The distant hybridization was used in lodging-resistance breeding of Platycodon grandiflorus. The parents were Platycodon grandiflorus (♀) and Campanula medium (♂). 187 seeds of F1 were harvested by using the inter-generic hybridization in 2009 and 2010, 2 repeat, and 88 normal plants were obtained. The characteristics of leaves, stems and branches were the same as female for F1 generation, F2 generation, backcross generation and S1 generation, and there were some different characteristics with female which were flower colors, branching habit and plant height. A lodging-resistance plant was selected in F1, which was about 75 cm high, deep pink flower color and developed lateral branches. The DNA groups of each generation were separated by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis and there were not significant differences. Among the each generation many flower colors and forms were obtained.展开更多
The effect of anthropogenic landscape fragmentation on the genetic diversity and adaptive potential of plant populations is a major issue in conservation biology.However,little is known about the partitioning of genet...The effect of anthropogenic landscape fragmentation on the genetic diversity and adaptive potential of plant populations is a major issue in conservation biology.However,little is known about the partitioning of genetic diversity in alpine species,which occur in naturally fragmented habitats.Here,we investigate molecular patterns of three alpine plants(Epilobium fleischeri,Geum reptans and Campanula thyrsoides)across Switzerland and ask whether spatial isolation has led to high levels of population differentiation,increasing over distance,and a decrease of within-population variability.We further hypothesize that the contrasting potential for long-distance dispersal(LDD)of seed in these species will considerably influence and explain diversity partitioning.Methods For each study species,we sampled 20–23 individuals from each of 20–32 populations across entire Switzerland.We applied Random Amplified Polymorphic Dimorphism markers to assess genetic diversity within(Nei’s expected heterozygosity,He;percentage of polymorphic bands,Pp)and among(analysis of molecular variance,Ust)populations and correlated population size and altitude with within-population diversity.Spatial patterns of genetic relatedness were investigated using Mantel tests and standardized major axis regression as well as unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean cluster analyses and Monmonier’s algorithm.To avoid known biases,we standardized the numbers of populations,individuals and markers using multiple random reductions.We modelled LDD with a high alpine wind data set using the terminal velocity and height of seed release as key parameters.Additionally,we assessed a number of important life-history traits and factors that potentially influence genetic diversity partitioning(e.g.breeding system,longevity and population size).Important findings For all three species,we found a significant isolation-by-distance relationship but only a moderately high differentiation among populations(Ust:22.7,14.8 and 16.8%,for E.fleischeri,G.reptans and C.thyrsoides,respectively).Within-population diversity(He:0.19–0.21,Pp:62–75%)was not reduced in comparison to known results from lowland species and even small populations with<50 reproductive individuals contained high levels of genetic diversity.We further found no indication that a high long-distance seed dispersal potential enhances genetic connectivity among populations.Gene flow seems to have a strong stochastic component causing large dissimilarity between population pairs irrespective of the spatial distance.Our results suggest that other life-history traits,especially the breeding system,may play an important role in genetic diversity partitioning.We conclude that spatial isolation in the alpine environment has a strong influence on population relatedness but that a number of factors can considerably influence the strength of this relationship.展开更多
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Support Program(2015BAC05-B02)Sichuan Science and Technology Support Program(2015SZ0034)+1 种基金Education and Teaching Research and Reform Project of Southwest University for Nationalities(2015)National Development Project for Central Universities-Southwest University for Nationalities(2016NGJPY11)
文摘[Objectives] To study the original plant,traits and microscopic identification for Yi medicinal material Campanula colorata,and provide experimental data for its identification and medicinal use. [Methods] Plant identification,trait identification,powder identification and paraffin slice identification were adopted in the study. [Results]It was found that the original plant of Campanula colorata was characterized by stiff hairs,slightly thicker root than stem,serrated leaf margin,tubular bell-shaped corolla and blue-purple color; traits were featured by odorlessness,and bitter taste after slight sweetness; the microscopic identification characteristics were that the laticifer was sporadic,containing reddish brown or yellow brown materials,and the oil droplets and nonglandular hairs were common. [Conclusions] The original plant,trait and microscopic identification characteristics were obvious for Yi medicinal material Campanula colorata,which could provide a reference for developing quality standards and identifying the original plant of Campanula colorata,and provide the basis for further research and development.
文摘The distant hybridization was used in lodging-resistance breeding of Platycodon grandiflorus. The parents were Platycodon grandiflorus (♀) and Campanula medium (♂). 187 seeds of F1 were harvested by using the inter-generic hybridization in 2009 and 2010, 2 repeat, and 88 normal plants were obtained. The characteristics of leaves, stems and branches were the same as female for F1 generation, F2 generation, backcross generation and S1 generation, and there were some different characteristics with female which were flower colors, branching habit and plant height. A lodging-resistance plant was selected in F1, which was about 75 cm high, deep pink flower color and developed lateral branches. The DNA groups of each generation were separated by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis and there were not significant differences. Among the each generation many flower colors and forms were obtained.
基金supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation grants No.31-59271.99 and No.3100AO-100762 to J.S.and a grant of the Freiwillige Akademische Gesellschaft to H.H.Æ.
文摘The effect of anthropogenic landscape fragmentation on the genetic diversity and adaptive potential of plant populations is a major issue in conservation biology.However,little is known about the partitioning of genetic diversity in alpine species,which occur in naturally fragmented habitats.Here,we investigate molecular patterns of three alpine plants(Epilobium fleischeri,Geum reptans and Campanula thyrsoides)across Switzerland and ask whether spatial isolation has led to high levels of population differentiation,increasing over distance,and a decrease of within-population variability.We further hypothesize that the contrasting potential for long-distance dispersal(LDD)of seed in these species will considerably influence and explain diversity partitioning.Methods For each study species,we sampled 20–23 individuals from each of 20–32 populations across entire Switzerland.We applied Random Amplified Polymorphic Dimorphism markers to assess genetic diversity within(Nei’s expected heterozygosity,He;percentage of polymorphic bands,Pp)and among(analysis of molecular variance,Ust)populations and correlated population size and altitude with within-population diversity.Spatial patterns of genetic relatedness were investigated using Mantel tests and standardized major axis regression as well as unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean cluster analyses and Monmonier’s algorithm.To avoid known biases,we standardized the numbers of populations,individuals and markers using multiple random reductions.We modelled LDD with a high alpine wind data set using the terminal velocity and height of seed release as key parameters.Additionally,we assessed a number of important life-history traits and factors that potentially influence genetic diversity partitioning(e.g.breeding system,longevity and population size).Important findings For all three species,we found a significant isolation-by-distance relationship but only a moderately high differentiation among populations(Ust:22.7,14.8 and 16.8%,for E.fleischeri,G.reptans and C.thyrsoides,respectively).Within-population diversity(He:0.19–0.21,Pp:62–75%)was not reduced in comparison to known results from lowland species and even small populations with<50 reproductive individuals contained high levels of genetic diversity.We further found no indication that a high long-distance seed dispersal potential enhances genetic connectivity among populations.Gene flow seems to have a strong stochastic component causing large dissimilarity between population pairs irrespective of the spatial distance.Our results suggest that other life-history traits,especially the breeding system,may play an important role in genetic diversity partitioning.We conclude that spatial isolation in the alpine environment has a strong influence on population relatedness but that a number of factors can considerably influence the strength of this relationship.
