Objective:Anxiety is one of the most common symptoms associated with autistic spectrum disorder.The essential oil of Cananga odorata(Lam.)Hook.f.&Thomson,usually known as ylang-ylang oil(YYO),is often used in arom...Objective:Anxiety is one of the most common symptoms associated with autistic spectrum disorder.The essential oil of Cananga odorata(Lam.)Hook.f.&Thomson,usually known as ylang-ylang oil(YYO),is often used in aromatherapy as a mood-regulating agent,sedative,or hypotensive agent.In the present study,the effects and mechanisms of YYO in alleviating anxiety,social and cognitive behaviors in autism-like rats were investigated.Methods:The prenatal valproic acid(VPA)model was used to induce autism-like behaviors in offspring rats.The effectiveness of prenatal sodium valproate treatment(600 mg/kg)on offspring was shown by postnatal growth observation,and negative geotaxis,olfactory discrimination and Morris water maze(MWM)tests.Then three treatment groups were formed with varying exposure to atomized YYO to explore the effects of YYO on the anxiety,social and cognitive behaviors of the autistic-like offspring through the elevated plus-maze test,three-chamber social test,and MWM test.Finally,the monoamine neurotransmitters,including serotonin,dopamine and their metabolites,in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex(PFC)of the rats were measured using a high-performance liquid chromatography.Results:Offspring of VPA exposure rats showed autism-like behaviors.In the VPA offspring,mediumdose YYO exposure significantly elevated the time and entries into the open arms in the elevated plusmaze test,while low-dose YYO exposure significantly enhanced the social interaction time with the stranger rat in session 1 of the three-chamber social test.VPA offspring treated with YYO exposure used less time to reach the platform in the navigation test of the MWM test.YYO exposure significantly elevated the metabolism of serotonin and dopamine in the PFC of VPA offspring.Conclusion:YYO exposure showed the effects in alleviating anxiety and improving cognitive and social abilities in the offspring of VPA exposure rats.The role of YYO was related to the regulation of the metabolism of serotonin and dopamine.展开更多
Objective: To examine three plant extracts [Lumnitzera racemosa(Combretaceae)(L.racemosa), Albizia procera(Fabaceae)(A.procera) and Cananga odorata(Annonaceae)] for their potential as source of photosensitizers in pho...Objective: To examine three plant extracts [Lumnitzera racemosa(Combretaceae)(L.racemosa), Albizia procera(Fabaceae)(A.procera) and Cananga odorata(Annonaceae)] for their potential as source of photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy.Methods: Human mammary adenocarcinoma(MCF-7) cells were treated with the plant extracts, which were irradiated with 5.53 m W and 0.553 mW broadband light.Cell viability was assessed using MTT assay and induction of apoptosis was determined using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-dUTP nick end labeling assay.Results: The crude ethanolic extracts, independently, were nontoxic against cancer and non-cancer cells but when irradiated with 5.53 mW broadband light, L.racemosa and A.procera extracts were cytotoxic against MCF-7 with IC_(50) of 11.63 mg/mL and10.73 mg/mL, respectively.With 0.553 mW broadband light, the IC_(50) values were higher at 17.14 mg/mL and 19.59 mg/mL, respectively.Photoactivated L.racemosa and A.procera extracts were found to be more cytotoxic against MCF-7 than the non-cancer cell line, human dermal fibroblast-neonatal.Moreover, the cytotoxicity of the extracts was mediated by apoptosis.Conclusions: Two of the plant extracts used, L.racemosa and A.procera were toxic and induced apoptosis to mammary cell adenocarcinoma, MCF-7 when photoactivated.These extracts were also more toxic to human cancer than non-cancer cell lines.展开更多
基金supported by the“Research Program for Young Teachers of the Shanghai Jiao Tong University”。
文摘Objective:Anxiety is one of the most common symptoms associated with autistic spectrum disorder.The essential oil of Cananga odorata(Lam.)Hook.f.&Thomson,usually known as ylang-ylang oil(YYO),is often used in aromatherapy as a mood-regulating agent,sedative,or hypotensive agent.In the present study,the effects and mechanisms of YYO in alleviating anxiety,social and cognitive behaviors in autism-like rats were investigated.Methods:The prenatal valproic acid(VPA)model was used to induce autism-like behaviors in offspring rats.The effectiveness of prenatal sodium valproate treatment(600 mg/kg)on offspring was shown by postnatal growth observation,and negative geotaxis,olfactory discrimination and Morris water maze(MWM)tests.Then three treatment groups were formed with varying exposure to atomized YYO to explore the effects of YYO on the anxiety,social and cognitive behaviors of the autistic-like offspring through the elevated plus-maze test,three-chamber social test,and MWM test.Finally,the monoamine neurotransmitters,including serotonin,dopamine and their metabolites,in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex(PFC)of the rats were measured using a high-performance liquid chromatography.Results:Offspring of VPA exposure rats showed autism-like behaviors.In the VPA offspring,mediumdose YYO exposure significantly elevated the time and entries into the open arms in the elevated plusmaze test,while low-dose YYO exposure significantly enhanced the social interaction time with the stranger rat in session 1 of the three-chamber social test.VPA offspring treated with YYO exposure used less time to reach the platform in the navigation test of the MWM test.YYO exposure significantly elevated the metabolism of serotonin and dopamine in the PFC of VPA offspring.Conclusion:YYO exposure showed the effects in alleviating anxiety and improving cognitive and social abilities in the offspring of VPA exposure rats.The role of YYO was related to the regulation of the metabolism of serotonin and dopamine.
基金Supported by Institute of Biology,University of the Philippines,Diliman through TA#9774-362-499-439
文摘Objective: To examine three plant extracts [Lumnitzera racemosa(Combretaceae)(L.racemosa), Albizia procera(Fabaceae)(A.procera) and Cananga odorata(Annonaceae)] for their potential as source of photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy.Methods: Human mammary adenocarcinoma(MCF-7) cells were treated with the plant extracts, which were irradiated with 5.53 m W and 0.553 mW broadband light.Cell viability was assessed using MTT assay and induction of apoptosis was determined using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-dUTP nick end labeling assay.Results: The crude ethanolic extracts, independently, were nontoxic against cancer and non-cancer cells but when irradiated with 5.53 mW broadband light, L.racemosa and A.procera extracts were cytotoxic against MCF-7 with IC_(50) of 11.63 mg/mL and10.73 mg/mL, respectively.With 0.553 mW broadband light, the IC_(50) values were higher at 17.14 mg/mL and 19.59 mg/mL, respectively.Photoactivated L.racemosa and A.procera extracts were found to be more cytotoxic against MCF-7 than the non-cancer cell line, human dermal fibroblast-neonatal.Moreover, the cytotoxicity of the extracts was mediated by apoptosis.Conclusions: Two of the plant extracts used, L.racemosa and A.procera were toxic and induced apoptosis to mammary cell adenocarcinoma, MCF-7 when photoactivated.These extracts were also more toxic to human cancer than non-cancer cell lines.
