A New Cave-dwelling Species of the Genus Itamus Schmidt-Gbel (Insecta:Coleoptera:Carabidae:Paussinae) from Southern Vietnam

Itamus deuvei, sp. nov. is described from Tan Phu, near Ho Chi Minh City, southern Vietnam, based on seven specimens collected in a lava tube system. It is the second troglophile species of the genus Itamus Schmidt-Gobel and is easily distinguished from I. cavicola （Moore）, the other troglophile from Papua New Guinea, by its more elongate body, longer antennae, head without a supraorbital setiferous pore, and very shallow and impunctate elytral striae.

Two New Record Genera of Clivinini (Coleoptera:Carabidae) from China

In the present paper two genera and species, Rugiluclivina wrasei Balkenohl, 1996, and Pseudoclivina memnonia (Dejean, 1831), are reported in China for the first time. Morphological features and illustrations for the genera and species are provided.

Taxonomic Notes on the Genus Scalidion Schmidt-Gbel(Coleoptera: Carabidae: Lebiini)

In this paper, the small Oriental genus Scalidion of Carabidae is taxonomically noted. Totally, the genus is composed of two species. S. hilare Schmidt-Gobel from China, Myanmar and India. S. xanthophanum （Bates） from China and Vietnam, including two subspecies： S. xanthophanum xanthophanum （Bates） and S. xanthophanum nigrans （Bates）. Some important features and genitalia are illustrated for the first time. Distributional records, diagnoses and a key to species and subspecies are given. S. xanthophanum xanthophanum is recorded from Vietnam for the first time.

Does variable stand structure associated with multi-cohort forests support diversity of ground beetle (Coleoptera, Carabidae) communities in the central Nearctic boreal forest？

Multi-cohort management （MCM） that retains a range of stand structures （age and size class） has been proposed to emulate natural disturbance and improve management in the Nearctic boreal forest. Although MCM forests contain both single- and multi-aged stands of mixed tree sizes, little is known about how variable stand structure affects associated fauna and biodiversity. Here, we examine the relationship between ground beetle （Coleoptera, Carabidae） communities and stand characteristics across a range of forest structure （=cohort classes）. Given that MCM classes are defined by the distribution of their tree-stem diameters, we ask whether parameters associated with these distributions （Weibull） could explain observed variation in carabid communities, and if so, how this compares to traditional habitat variables such as stand age, foliage complexity or volume of downed woody debris. We sampled carabids using weekly pitfall collections and compared these with structural habitat variables across a range of cohort classes （stand structure and age since disturbance） in 18 sites of upland mixed boreal forests from central Canada. Results showed that richness and diversity of carabid communities were similar among cohort classes. Weibull parameters from the diameter distribution of all stems were the strongest predictors of variation in carabid communities among sites, but vertical foliage complexity, understory thickness, and percentage of deciduous composition were also significant. The abundance of several carabid forest specialists was strongly correlated with tree canopy height, the presence of large trees, and high vertical foliage complexity. Our results demonstrate that variable forest structure, as expected under MCM, may be useful in retaining the natural range of ground beetle species across the central Nearctic boreal forest.

ICONOGRAFIA DEL GENERE Pseudaphaenops WINKLER E NOTE SUP.jacobsoni(PLYGINSKIJ)(Coleoptera Carabidae Trechinae)

Iconography of the genus Pseudaphaenops Winkler,1912 and notes on P.jacobsoni(Plyg.).On the basis of the material collected in the August of 1989 from some caves of Crimea(Ukraine)and given forstudy to the Author by the Gruppo Grotte Milano CAI-SEM,the previous description of Pseudaphaenopsjacobsoni(Plyginskij,1912)is compared with P.tauricus(Winkler,1912).Its habitus is described for the firsttime and its copulatory apparatus re-drawm.They both are correlated with those of P.tauricus.

NOTE COMPLEMENTARI SU Orotrechus schwienbacheri GROTTOLO E MARTINELLI,1991(Coleoptera Carabidae Trechinae)DEL MASSICCIO DEL MONTE CAVALLO(Prealpi Venete)

RIASSUNTO-Viene completata la descrizione di Orotrechus schwienbacheri Grottolo e Martinelli,speciecavernicola del Massiccio di rifugio del Monte Cavallo.La recente scoperta di questo taxon assume unparticolare significato in quanto simpatrico di ben altre ire specie di Orotrechus cavernicoli specializzati.Orotrechus schwienbacheri Grottolo e Martinelli from the refuge massif of Monte Cavallois completely described.The discovery of the taxon assumes a particular meaning as it is sympatric withthree other species of specialized cave Orotrechus.

NUOVI DATI PER LA CONOSCENZA DEL GENERE Lessinodytes VIGNA TAGLIANTI,1982(Coleoptera Carabidae Trechinae)

RIASSUNTO-Vengono segnalati e discussi criticamente due nuovi reperti del genere Lessinodytes prove-nienti dai Monti Lessini Veronesi,tra cui la femmina inedita di L.pivai,descritta in comparazione conl’olotipo maschio.New data to the knowledge of the genus Lessinodytes Vigna Taglianti,1982.Two newspecimens of the genus Lessinodytes from the Lessini Mrs.of Verone are recorded and critically discus-sed.One of them is the unknown female of L.pivai,described in comparison with the male holotype.

STUDI SU ALCUNI Calathus BONELLI DELLA REGIONE MEDITERRANEA (Coleoptera Carabidae)

Gli Autori trattano in questa nota alcune specie di Calathus dell’area Mediterranea; talegruppo comprende C. libanensis s. 1., C. oertzeni, C. acuticollis, C. casalei, C. opacus, C. granatensise C. reflxus. Tale gruppo sembra mostrare una certa affinità con alcune specie delle isole atlantichee con il gruppo di C. arcuatus, a distribuzione nella regione pontica. C. pluriseriatus viene considerato sottospecie di C. libanensis a causa della grande affinità e dell’allo-patria con questo. Vengono inoltre descritti i maschi, finora sconosciuti, di C. oertzeni, C. reflexus eC. acuticollis e vengono fornite le illustrazioni dell’edeago di tutte le specie. Infine viene data una tabelladi determinazione per le specie di questo gruppo. Studies on some Calathus Bonelli from the Mediterranean region (Coleoptera Carabidae).The Authors consider some species of Calathus from the Mediterranean region: C. libanensis s. 1., C.oertzeni, C. acuticollis, C. casalei, C. opacus, C. granatensis and C. reflexus. This group seems to showaffinities with some species from the Atlantic islands and with the group of C. arcuatus, from the ponticregion. C. pluriseriatus is considered as a subspecies of C. libanensis because of their great affinity andallopatry. The males of C. oertzeni, C. reflexus and C. acuticollis previously unknown are describedand their aedeagus figured. A key to all the species concludes the article.

NUOVA CATTURA DI Anophthalmus baratellii SCIAKY E CONSIDERAZIONI SULLA SUA POSIZIONE SISTEMATICA (Coleoptera Carabidae Trechinae)

L’Autore segnala la cattura in sede cavernicola, in una nuova località, di Anophthalmusbaratellii Sciaky, descritto del M. Matajur (Prealpi Giulie) e noto finora sulla sola coppia tipica raccoltain ambiente sotterraneo superficiale (M.S.S.). In ragione di un’importante peculiarità, del 《segmento geni-tale》 emersa dallo studio del nuovo materiale, la specie, già ritenuta strettamente affine ad A. mariaeSchatzm in realtà pare configurarsi come un elemento molto più isolato all’interno del genere. New capture of Anophthalmus baratellii Sciaky and considerations on his systematic posi-tion (Coleoptera Carabidae Trechinae). The presence of Anophthahmus baratelli Sciaky in a new cavestation of the Julian Prealps (Eastern Friuli, Northern Italy) is here reported for the first time. Up tonow, this rare species was only known from the 《superficial underground environment》 (M.S.S.) ofM. Matajur. This species, previously considered strictly related to A. mariae Schatzm seems to be veryisolated inside its genus because of an important peculiarity of its ,(genital segment, recognized duringthe study of the new material.

Age of grassy strips influences biodiversity of ground beetles in organic agro-ecosystems

The following investigations were conducted to evaluate grassy strips of different age for organic arable fields. From September 2009 to October 2010, adult ground beetles were sampled by pitfall traps in three grassy strips (2, 4, and 9 years old), their adjacent cropping areas, their field edges, and a control field (age 0) in Schleswig-Holstein, northern Germany. Carabid assemblages were similar among the fields, strips and edges. Grassy strips and edges had higher species richness and lower activity density than the control field. Activity density increased with increasing distance from the field edge in grassy strips and in the adjacent fields. In cropping areas, species richness andShannon’s H increased with increasing age of strips, whereas evenness and activity density decreased with increasing distance from the field edges. Compared to carnivorous and phytophagous carbides, omnivorous species were affected less by age of strips and distance from field margins. In the strips, species richness of the dominant species increased with age and decreased with distance, but the effect of strip age on species richness was still found in more than150 mfrom the margin. A positive effect of the age of grassy strips on species richness was found for cropping fields, grassy strips and field edges. Old grassy strips also exerted greater influence on the species richness and biodiversity of the adjacent arable fields than the younger strips.

Cadmium in insects after ash fertilization

Ash fertilization of forests returns nutrients to forest ecosystems and has a positive effect on soil pH, but it also may elevate Cd concentrations of forest biota. Cadmium concentrations of some forest insects （Formica ants, carabids and Coleopteran larvae from decaying wood） were investigated in southern Finland, where two plots were fertilized with wood ash, while two other plots represented unfertilized control plots. In ants, mean Cd concentration was 3.6 ± 1.4 mg/kg, with nest workers having significantly higher concentrations than workers trapped in pitfall traps. Concentrations at fertilized and unfertilized plots were similar. In carabid beetles, the average Cd concentration of Carabus glabratus was 0.44 ±0.36 mg/kg, with no significant difference between control plots and fertilized plots. In another carabid beetle, Pterostichus niger, mean Cd concentration was higher at fertilized plots compared to control plots. We conclude that the variation of Cd concentrations in the insects studied is more efficiently controlled by species-specific differences than fertilization history of the forest floor.

Ecosystem classification and inventory maps as surrogates for ground beetle assemblages in boreal forest

Aims We compare performance of ecosystem classification maps and provincial forest inventory data derived from air photography in reflecting ground beetle(Coleoptera:Carabidae)biodiversity patterns that are related to the forest canopy mosaic.Our biodiversity surrogacy model based on remotely sensed tree canopy cover is validated against field-collected ground data.Methods We used a systematic sampling grid of 198 sites,covering 84 km^(2) of boreal mixedwood forest in northwestern Alberta,Canada.For every site,we determined tree basal area,characterized the ground beetle assemblage and obtained corresponding provincial forest inventory and ecosystem classification information.We used variation partitioning,ordination and misclassification matrices to compare beetle biodiversity patterns explained by alternative databases and to determine model biases originating from air photo-interpretation.Important Findings Ecosystem classification data performed better than canopy cover derived from forest inventory maps in describing ground beetle biodiversity patterns.The biodiversity surrogacy models based on provincial forest inventory maps and field survey generally detected similar patterns but inaccuracies in air photo-interpretation of relative canopy cover led to differences between the two models.Compared to field survey data,air photo-interpretation tended to confuse two Picea species and two Populus species present and homogenize stand mixtures.This generated divergence in models of ecological association used to predict the relationship between ground beetle assemblages and tree canopy cover.Combination of relative canopy cover from provincial inventory with other georeferenced land variables to produce the ecosystem classification maps improved biodiversity predictive power.The association observed between uncommon surrogates and uncommon ground beetle species emphasizes the benefits of detecting these surrogates as a part of landscape management.In order to complement conservation efforts established in protected areas,accurate,high resolution,wide ranging and spatially explicit knowledge of landscapes under management is primordial in order to apply effective biodiversity conservation strategies at the stand level as required in the extensively harvested portion of the boreal forest.In development of these strategies,an in-depth understanding of vegetation is key.