Synthesis and Application of Nanocomposite Reinforced with Decorated Multi Walled Carbon Nanotube with Luminescence Quantum Dots

Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, environmental problems such as energy crisis, global warming, and contamination from pathogenic micro-organisms are still prevailed and strongly demanded progress in high-performance energy storing and anti-microbial materials. The nanocomposites are materials that have earned large interest owing to their promising applications for countering global issues related to sustainable energy and a flourishing environment. Here, polypyrrole coated hybrid nanocomposites of multi-walled carbon nanotube and cadmium sulfide quantum dots named MCP were synthesized using facile and low-cost in-situ oxidative polymerization method. Characterization techniques confirmed the synthesis. Electrochemical studies showed that the nanocomposite 1-MCP showed an impressively higher super capacitance behavior in comparison to f-MWCNT, 7-MCP and 5-MCP. The improved performance of the nanocomposites was attributed mainly to the good conductivity of carbon nanotubes and polypyrrole, high surface area, and stability of the carbon nanotubes and the high electrocatalytic activity of the cadmium sulfide quantum dots. Owing to the synergistic effect of MWCNT, CdS, and PPy the synthesized ternary nanocomposite also inhibited the growth and multiplication of tested bacteria such as S. aureus, and E. coli completely within 24 h. On the whole, the assimilated nanocomposite MCP opens promising aspects for the development of upcoming energy storage devices and as an antibacterial agent.

The Packaging Materials with Carbon Nanotube/Polymer Composites

A polymer-based carbon nano-tubes (CNTs) composite with high electromagnetic (EM) wave shielding effectiveness (SE) and with high mechanical property is developed for packaging of electronic modulus or devices.The liquid crystal polymers (LCP) and melamine formaldehydes (MF) polymer are used to study the orientation effect of CNTs in various polymeric matrix.The influences of orientation,aspect ratio,and mass fraction of CNTs upon the shielding effectiveness (SE) of CNTs-composites are investigated.The higher the orientation,aspect ratio,and weight percentages of nano-materials are, the higher the SE of the carbon composites.The highest SE for the CNTs/LCP nano composite obtained is more than 62 dB. This results may lead to the developing for CPU IC chip packaging.

Carbon Nano Material Synthesis from Polyethylene by Chemical Vapour Deposition

Three different types of Polyethylene family, High Density Polyethylene, (HDPE), Low Density polyethylene (LDPE) and Linear Low Density polyethylene (LLDPE) polymers having different molecular weight and density;were pyrolyzed in the temperature range of 550°C - 1050°C under H2, N2 and Ar gases. Taguchi Optimization technique was applied to find out the best operating conditions to get maximum yield of carbon nano material (CNM). For Taguchi op- timization, experimental set up was done in two different temperature ranges i.e. 550°C - 750°C and 850°C - 1050°C. CNMs synthesized were characterized by SEM, TEM, Micro Raman and XRD analysis. HDPE was found to yield maximum CNM. Its pyrolysis at 750°C under hydrogen atmosphere for 2h gave carbon nano beads and some carbon nano tubes. Whereas under same conditions at 1050°C more multi wall carbon nano tubes (MWCNT) were produced, with some carbon nano beads. XRD data confirmed the graphitic nature of carbon-nanotube. The intensities of G-band and D-band of Raman spectra suggested that CNM has more defect sites and spectra were similar for CNM obtained in both the temperature ranges. The TGA analysis of CNM obtained at 550°C - 750°C, indicated that they are not amor- phous carbon and CNM obtained at 850°C - 1050°C decomposed at 624°C - 668°C;suggesting that CNT synthesized at this temperature range were more crystalline than what was obtained at the 550°C - 750°C.

Natural Convection Melting in a Rectangular Heat Storage Tank of Carbon Nanotube Dispersed Latent Heat Storage Material

A dispersion system fluid can convect even if the dispersoid is a solid phase.Therefore,heat exchange performance can be improved while maintaining fluidity using a material with high thermal conductivity as the dispersoid.This study presents the melting performance evaluation results of a latent heat storage material with a carbon nanotube(CNT)dispersion system with high thermal conductivity,which enhances the thermal conductivity of the latent heat storage material and does not limit free convection.Increasing the thermal conductivity and enhancing the melting convection of the heat storage material result in increased latent heat storage speed.In this study,the thermal conductivity of the latent heat storage material was successfully increased by dispersing CNTs in the material.When 0.1%(in mass)of multi-wall CNT(MWCNT)was dispersed in a paraffin-based latent heat storage material,the shear stress increased by 1.5 times at a shear rate of 500 s^(-1),while taking into account the potential effects of convective inhibition.Therefore,a latent heat storage experiment was conducted in a rectangular heat storage tank using the CNT dispersion composition ratio as a parameter.A rectangular vessel with a heated vertical surface was used for the latent heat storage experiment.The melting speed was determined by comparing the amount of latent heat stored in a CNT-dispersed latent heat storage material and a single-phase latent heat storage material sample.The experimental results show that the time required for the latent heat storage material to completely melt in the heat storage tank was the shortest for the single-phase latent heat storage material sample.However,the fastest melting progress was observed for the sample with 0.02%(in mass)MWCNT content in the melting rate range of up to approximately 40%in the tank.The results indicate that this phenomenon is caused by the difference in the melting rates in the upper part of the tank.The generated data are useful for determining the shape and heat transfer surface arrangement of the latent heat storage tank.

Experimental Evaluation of Thermal Conductivity and Other Thermophysical Properties of Nanofluids Based on Functionalized (-OH) Mwcnt Nanoparticles Dispersed in Distilled Water

A possible way to increase thermal conductivity of working fluids, while keeping pressure drop at acceptable levels, is through nanofluids. Nanofluids are nano-sized particles dispersed in conventional working fluids. A great number of materials have potential to be used in nanoparticles production and then in nanofluids;one of them is Multi-Walled Carbon Nano Tubes (MWCNT). They have thermal conductivity around 3000 W/mK while other materials used as nanoparticles like CuO have thermal conductivity of 76.5 W/mK. Due to this fact, MWCNT nanoparticles have potential to be used in nanofluids production, aiming to increase heat transfer rate in energy systems. In this context, the main goal of this paper is to evaluate from the synthesis to the experimental measurement of thermal conductivity of nanofluid samples based on functionalized (-OH) MWCNT nanoparticles. They will be analyzed nanoparticles with different functionalization degrees (4% wt, 6% wt, and 9% wt). In addition, it will be quantified other thermophysical properties (dynamic viscosity, specific heat and specific mass) of the synthetized nanofluids. So, the present work can contribute with experimental data that will help researches in the study and development of MWCNT nanofluids. According to the results, the maximum increment obtained in thermal conductivity was 10.65% in relation to the base fluid (water).

Experimental and DFT insights into nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon nanotubes for effective desulfurization of liquid phases:Equilibrium&kinetic study

Herein,nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon nanotubes(NS-CNT)adsorbents were synthesized via the chemical vapor deposition technique at 1000°C by employing the camphor,urea and sulfur trioxide pyridine.In this study,desulfurization of two types of mercaptans(dibenzothiophene(DBT)and tertiary butyl mercaptan(TBM)as nonlinear and linear forms of mercaptan)was studied.In this regard,a maximum capacity of NS-CNT was obtained as 106.9 and 79.4 mg/g and also the removal efficiencies of 98.6%and 88.3%were achieved after 4 h at 298K and 0.9 g of NS-CNT for DBT and TBM,respectively.Characterization of the NS-CNTs was carried out through exploiting scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),and elemental analysis(CHN).The isotherm equilibrium data could be ascribed to the Freundlich nonlinear regression form and the kinetic data was fitted by nonlinear form of the pseudo second order model.The negative values of ΔS^(0),ΔH^(0) and ΔG^(0) specify that the adsorption of both types of mercaptans was a natural exothermic process with a reduced entropy.Maintenance of more than 96%of the adsorption capacity even after nine cycles suggest the NS-CNT as a superior adsorbent for mercaptans removal in the industry.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations were also performed to peruse the effects of S/N co-doping and carbon monovacancy defects in CNTs toward the adsorption of DBT and TBM.

A strategy resisting wrinkling of sandwich structures reinforced using functionally-graded carbon nanotubes

Sandwich structures have been widely applied in the wing and the horizontal tail of the aircraft,so face sheets of such structure might occur wrinkling deformation in the process of service,which will largely decrease capability of sustaining loads.As a result,this paper aims at proposing a reasonable strategy resisting wrinkling deformation of sandwich structures.To this end,an enhanced higher-order model has been proposed for wrinkling analysis of sandwich structures.Buckling behaviors of a five-layer sandwich plate are firstly analyzed,which is utilized to assess performance of the proposed model.Subsequently,wrinkling behaviors of four sandwich plates are further investigated by utilizing present model,which have been evaluated by using quasi threedimensional(3D)elasticity solutions,3D Finite Element Method(3D-FEM)results and experimental datum.Finally,the present model is utilized to study the buckling and the wrinkling behaviors of sandwich plates reinforced by Carbon Nano Tubes(CNTs).In addition,influence of distribution profile of CNTs on wrinkling behaviors has been analyzed,and a typical distribution profile of CNTs has been chosen to resist wrinkling deformation.Without increase of additional weight,the present strategy can effectively resist wrinkling deformation of sandwich plates,which is rarely reported in published literature.

Improving the electroconductivity and mechanical properties of cellulosic paper with multi-walled carbon nanotube/polyaniline nanocomposites

Cellulose is the most abundant renewable polymer in the nature,and cellulosic paper is widely used in our daily life.Conferring electroconductivity to cellulosic paper would allow this conventional material to hold great promise for a wide range of energy-related applications.In the present work,multi-walled carbon nanotube(MWCNT)/polyaniline(PANI)nanocomposites were synthesized via in situ oxidation polymerization process and characterized by FT-IR and TEM.Subsequently,the application of the synthesized MWCNT/PANI nanocomposites as a wet-end filler for the production of electro-conductive paper was demonstrated/developed.Results showed that the cellulosic paper was imparted with an electro-conductivity of up to 0.14 S·m^(-1) while exhibiting a pronounced improvement in mechanical properties as a function of the added MWCNT/PANI nanocomposites.

碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料的层间颗粒增韧技术研究进展

碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料(CFRP)具有高强高模的优点,被广泛应用于汽车、体育、船舶、航空航天等领域,达到了材料轻量化的要求。目前使用较多的树脂基体以环氧树脂(EP)等热固性树脂为代表,普遍存在脆性大、韧性差的问题,导致复合材料层合板容易在层间发生开裂。层间增韧是一种有效的增韧方式,它可以在不改变基体树脂粘度的情况下对特定区域进行增韧,提高材料的断裂韧性。本文介绍了层间断裂模式并总结了层间断裂韧性(ILFT)测试的数据处理方法,总结了聚合物颗粒与无机纳米颗粒(主要是碳纳米管)的颗粒种类、增韧机制、引入方式,并主要通过层间断裂韧性评价了各种颗粒的增韧效果。

CNTs/Cu层状复合材料的制备及其组织和性能研究

采用扩散结合法将分散后的碳纳米管附着在铜箔表面,经裁剪、堆叠和预压后使用真空热压烧结炉进行烧结,制备出具有优良导电性的CNTs/Cu层状复合材料。使用SEM、EDS和XRD等对样品的微观形貌和成分进行表征,使用显微硬度计和导电率检测仪等对样品性能进行测试。结果表明:在热压烧结过程中,一定量铜扩散到CNTs层中,有效改善了碳纳米管层和铜层的结合能力。相比于纯铜,CNTs/Cu层状复合材料在硬度提高45%的同时,在平行于碳纳米管层方向导电率达到91%IACS,而垂直于碳纳米管层方向也仍具有80.6%IACS的导电率。

High-performance, stable and low-cost mesoscopic perovskite （CH3NH3PbI3） solar cells based on poly（3-hexylthiophene）- modified carbon nanotube cathodes

This work explores the use of poly（3- hexylthiophene） （P3HT） modified carbon nanotubes （CNTs@P3HT） for the cathodes of hole transporter free, mesoscopic perovskite （CH3NH3PbI3） solar cells （PSCs）, simultaneously achieving high-performance, high stability and low-cost PSCs. Here the thin P3HT modifier acts as an electron blocker to inhibit electron transfer into CNTs and a hydrophobic polymer binder to tightly cross-link the CNTs together to compact the carbon electrode film and greatly stabilize the solar cell. On the other hand, the presence of CNTs greatly improve the conductivity of P3HT. By optimizing the concentration of the P3HT modifier （2 mg/mL）, we have improved the power conversion efficiencies （PCEs） of CNTs@P3HT based PSCs up to 13.43% with an average efficiency of 12.54%, which is much higher than the pure CNTs based PSCs （best PCE 10.59%） and the sandwich-type P3HT/CNTs based PSCs （best PCE 9.50%）. In addition, the hysteresis of the CNTs@P3HT based PSCs is remarkably reduced due to the intimate interface between the perovskite and CNTs@P3HT electrodes. Degradation of the CNTs@ P3HT based PSCs is also strongly retarded as compared to cells employing the pure CNTs electrode when exposed to the ambient condition of 20%- 40% humidity.

Nano-sized graphitic carbon in authigenic tube pyrites from offshore southwest Taiwan, South China Sea, and its implication for tracing gas hydrate

Gas hydrates are a significant energy resource and are usually detected by bottom simulating reflection and submarine geochemical anomalies. Authigenic minerals are related to gas hydrates, with carbonates, sulfates and sulfides being important tracing minerals. Authigenic tubular pyrites were collected from offshore southwest Taiwan in the South China Sea, and were investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Authigenic tubular pyrite was composed of framboidal pyrite, within which nanosized graphitic carbon of low crystallinity was discovered. The graphitic carbon coexisted with pyrite and had a texture similar to carbon nanotubes and nanocones, indicating that they likely precipitated from carbon supersaturated C-H-O fluid. Pyrite may act as a catalyst for the conversion of CH 4 to C. The discovery of nanosized graphitic carbon in pyrite indicated it was deposited in sediments that were supersaturated with methane fluid. Thus, nanosized graphitic carbon may be another tracing species for submarine gas hydrates. The discovery of nanosized graphitic carbon deposited in a low temperature environment will enlighten our understanding of the laboratory synthesis and industrial production of graphitic carbon.

机械球磨与放电等离子体烧结制备碳纳米管/铜复合材料

采用机械球磨和放电等离子体烧结(SPS)工艺制备了碳纳米管(CNTs)/铜复合材料。利用SEM和TEM对材料组织和形貌进行了表征,研究了球磨时间、CNTs含量、SPS烧结压力对复合材料组织和性能的影响。结果表明:质量分数为1%的CNTs可在铜基体中获得良好分散;CNTs与铜基体界面结合良好,有利于应力在基体与CNTs之间传递,从而提高材料的抗拉强度;球磨时间大于120 min以后,粉体形貌和粒径不再发生明显改变;烧结压力和温度分别为40 MPa和850℃时,质量分数为1%CNT/Cu复合材料的抗拉强度较纯铜提高了59.6%,导电率可以达到纯铜的75%。

碳纳米管改性聚四氟乙烯复合材料的摩擦磨损性能研究

评价了用不同含量碳纳米管(CNTs)改性聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)复合材料的力学性能,利用MM-200型摩擦磨损试验机研究了CNTs含量对PTFE复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,借助于扫描电子显微镜观察分析了试样磨损表面及磨屑形貌,并探讨其磨损机理.结果表明:CNTs能够提高PTFE复合材料的硬度和冲击强度,在本文研究范围内,当CNTs的质量分数为7%时,PTFE复合材料的力学性能最佳;CNTs能够增加PTFE复合材料的摩擦系数、降低其磨损量,当其质量分数为10%时,PTFE复合材料的耐磨损性能最佳.纤维状碳纳米管可以阻止PTFE带状结构的大面积破坏,以及在摩擦过程中于偶件表面能够形成转移膜并隔离复合材料与偶件的直接接触是其减摩耐磨作用的主要原因.

新型碳系吸波涂层材料研究进展

作为解决电磁污染问题与实现装备战场隐身的有效手段,吸波涂层材料具有广泛的应用前景。碳系材料因其广泛的来源、简单的制备工艺、低密度、高导电率等优点,在吸波涂层材料领域受到国内外研究人员的高度重视。对吸波涂层材料的损耗机制进行了叙述,介绍了电阻型损耗、电介质型损耗以及磁损耗三种损耗机制中电磁波的损耗和吸收原理。综述了碳纤维、碳纳米管、石墨烯等新型碳系材料的特性及其在吸波涂层材料领域的研究现状。对碳纤维进行活化处理或使用多孔碳纤维、螺旋碳纤维等代替普通碳纤维能够有效提高其吸波性能。碳纳米管具有多种结构,其中阵列状多壁碳纳米管吸波性能最佳,采用一些具备磁损耗的材料与碳纳米管进行共混、包覆或填充处理是目前的主要研究方向。石墨烯几乎没有磁损耗,单独使用时,阻抗匹配较差,影响其吸波性能的发挥,通常将石墨烯与磁损耗型材料复合,改善材料的阻抗匹配,提高吸波效果。最后,根据碳系吸波涂层材料的研究现状,对其未来的发展方向进行了展望。

Fe_3O_4包覆碳纳米管软磁性纳米复合微粒的制备及性能

用水解沉淀法在碳纳米管(CNTs)外包覆Fe3O4,制备了CNTs/Fe3O4纳米复合磁性微粒,借助透射电镜、振动探针式磁强计和外加磁场黏度计对其微观形貌、静态磁性能、沉降稳定性和磁流变性能进行了研究。结果表明:Fe3O4在碳纳米管(直径约20nm)表面形成了紧密的包覆层,微粒呈一维纳米管状结构,平均管径约60nm,平均表观密度为1.8g/cm3,为传统磁流变液中所用铁粉等软磁性颗粒密度的四分之一。复合微粒的磁滞回线与Fe3O4纳米颗粒较为相似,具有较好的软磁性,其饱和磁感应强度(Bs)为0.21T,矫顽力(Hc)为7.67kA/m,用该软磁性复合微粒配制的磁流变液具有良好的沉降稳定性和磁流变特性。

多壁碳纳米管分散固相萃取-液质联用技术测定茶叶中草甘膦、草铵膦、氨甲基膦酸残留量

目的：建立茶叶中草甘膦、草铵膦和氨甲基膦酸残留量的超高效液相色谱串联质谱分析方法。方法样品经水提取后采用分散固相萃取技术,以多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTS)和N-丙基乙二胺键合固相吸附剂(PSA)吸附提取液中的杂质,上清液用9-芴基氯甲酸酯(FMOC-Cl)衍生。衍生物用 BEH C18进行分离,以乙腈-4 mmol乙酸铵水溶液为流动相,电喷雾正离子模式电离(ESI+),多反应监测模式检测(MRM),外标法定量。结果方法的线性范围是0.1～1μg/mL,相关系数大于0.999,定量限为10μg/kg,以绿茶为基质,三种物质添加水平分别为0.25、0.50、1.00 mg/kg,回收率范围分别为草甘膦95%~116%,草铵膦98%~118%,氨甲基膦酸74%~84%,精密度均小于6.79%(n=6)。结论该方法具有简便快速、灵敏度高、准确性强等特点,适合于测定茶叶中草甘膦、草铵膦和氨甲基膦酸的含量。

碳纳米管电化学储能的研究进展

由于碳纳米管的特殊结构导致独特的物理化学性质 ,使得它在各个领域的应用引起多方面重视。根据国内外碳纳米管开发利用现状 ,总结了近年来各种不同规格碳纳米管在电化学储氢、电化学储锂、电化学电容器等电化学储能方面的研究进展 ;指出了各方面研究发现的问题 ,如电化学储锂的电压滞后 ,不可逆容量较大 ,电化学储氢时氢在碳纳米管中的存在状态难以确定等 ;今后的工作应从理论及实验两个方面来解释和解决这些问题。

CNTs/KClO_4复合材料的形貌特征及热行为

为有效避免点火药中纳米级氧化剂颗粒的团聚,进一步提高点传火稳定性,通过NH4ClO4溶液和KOH溶液的复分解反应制备了碳纳米管/高氯酸钾(CNTs/KClO4)复合材料。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、差热分析(DSC)和比表面积(SSA)分析研究了CNTs/KClO4复合材料的形貌特征及热行为。结果表明:用这种方法制备的KClO4能有效涂敷在碳纳米管上。与纯CNTs相比,负载KClO4的碳纳米管管径明显增粗,CNTs/KClO4复合材料的比表面积降低了40.719 m2·g-1。与KClO4相比,CNTs/KClO4复合材料的热分解温度前移了75℃,晶型转变峰温前移了5℃。与以KClO4为原料制备的Mo/KClO4点火药相比,以CNTs/KClO4复合材料为原料制备的Mo/KClO4点火药的热导率提高了33.9%。

质子交换膜燃料电池中碳纳米管负载的氧电极材料制备与表征

本文介绍了碳纳米管 (CNTs)在质子交换膜燃料电池催化剂中的应用 ,对Pt CNTs及Pt C催化剂的比表面积、孔径、孔分布及金属表面分散情况进行了比较。实验发现 ,具备典型中孔结构的CNTs使得铂金属在其表面分散更加均匀。在催化剂制备工艺的研究中发现 ,合适的硝酸 (4 0 %)处理会使催化剂载体具备更加适宜的孔结构。通过本文的讨论 ,可以认为Pt CNTs是一种可以应用在质子交换膜燃料电池上很有前景的电催化剂。