A Study of Diamond-Like Carbon Thin Films Prepared by Microwave Plasma Chemical Vapour Deposition

In order to deposit good films, we need to study the uniformity of plasma density and the plasma density under different gas pressures and powers. The plasma density was diagnosed by a Langmuir probe. The optical emission spectroscopy （OES） of CH4 and H2 discharge was obtained with raster spectroscopy, with characteristic peaks of H and CH achieved. Diamond-like carbon films were achieved based on the study of plasma density and OES and characterized by atomic force microscope （AFM）, X-ray diffraction instrument （XRD）, Raman spectroscope and profiler.

Preparation and structural properties of thin carbon films by very-high-frequency magnetron sputtering

Growth and structural properties of thin a-C films prepared by the 60 MHz very-high-frequency（VHF） magnetron sputtering were investigated. The energy and flux of ions impinging the substrate were also analyzed. It is found that the thin a-C films prepared by the 60 MHz sputtering have a lower growth rate, a smooth surface, and more sp3 contents.These features are related to the higher ion energy and the lower ions flux onto the substrate. Therefore, the 60 MHz VHF sputtering is more suitable for the preparation of thin a-C film with more sp3 contents.

Assembly and Applications of Carbon Nanotube Thin Films

The ultimate goal of current research on carbon nanotubes （CNTs） is to make breakthroughs that advance nanotechnological applications of bulk CNT materials. Especially, there has been growing interest in CNT thin films because of their unique and usually enhanced properties and tremendous potential as components for use in nano-electronic and nano-mechanical device applications or as structural elements in various devices. If a synthetic or a post processing method can produce high yield of nanotube thin films, these structures will provide tremendous potential for fundamental research on these devices. This review will address the synthesis, the post processing and the device applications of self-assembled nanotube thin films.

Preparation and Characterization of Nano-Structured SiO_(2) Thin Films on Carbon Steel

Nano-structured SiO2 thin films were prepared on the surface of carbon steel for the first time by LPD. The compositions of the films were analyzed by XPS, and the surface morphology of the thin films were observed by AFM. The thin films were constituted by compact particles of SiO2, and there was no Fe in the films. In the process of film forming, the SiO2 colloid particles were deposited or absorbed directly onto the surface of carbon steel substrates that were activated by acid solution containing inhibitor, and corrosion of the substrates was avoided. The nano-structured SiO2 thin films that were prepared had excellent protective efficiency to the carbon steel.

Effect of CO_2 on Atmospheric Corrosion of UNS G10190 Steel under Thin Electrolyte Film

The atmospheric corrosion of UNS G10190 steel under a thin electrolyte film in the atmosphere polluted by CO_2, has been studied in the lab using an atmospheric corrosion monitor (ACM) in combination with XRD and SEM observations of the surface of steel. The ACM study indicated that the corrosion rate of the steel increased with increasing carbon dioxide concentration. The XRD and SEM observations showed that no carbonate was found in the corrosion product on the steel surface. The corrosion product consisted of two layers, i. e., inner and outer layer. From the experimental results, it was concluded that CO_2 played an enhancing role in the atmospheric corrosion of UNS G10190 steel. The film of the corrosion product showed slight protection.

Optical Properties of Tetrahedral Amorphous Carbon Films and Their Potential for Lab-on-a-Chip

In this study, tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) films with thicknesses between several 100 nm and several micrometers have been deposited onto polished tungsten carbide and steel substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) using an excimer laser (248 nm wavelength). We investigate the optical properties (e.g. the refractive index (n) and extinction coefficient (k) in the visible and near-infrared wavelength range) of these layers in dependence of the used laser ablation fluence on the target. It is shown that n of ~2000 nm thick ta-C films can be tuned, depending on the sp3-content, between n = 2.5 and 2.8 at a wavelength of 632 nm. Besides of this k reduces with the sp3-content and is as low as 0.03 at sp3-contents of more than 75%. We proof that this gives the opportunity to prepare coating with tailored optical properties. Furthermore, it is shown that the ta-C films have low background fluorescence in the wavelengths range of 380 - 750 nm, which make this thin films attractive for certain optical, medical and biotechnological applications. We present for the first time that one possible application is the use in Lab-on-a-Chip-systems (LOC). Within these systems, the ultrasensitive detection of fluorescence markers and dyes is a challenge. In order to increase the signal-to-noise-ratio, a setup was developed, that used the specific optical properties of ta-C films produced by PLD. We used the ta-C film as an integrated reflector that combined low background fluorescence, a low reflectivity at the excitation wavelength and the high reflectivity at the emission wavelength. We prove that this setup improves the detection of fluorescence photons.

Deposition of diamond like carbon films by using a single ion gun with varying beam source

Diamond like carbon films have been successfully deposited on the steel substrate, by using a single ion gun with varying beam source. The films may appear blue, yellow and transparent in color, which was found related to contaminants from the sample holder and could be avoided. The thickness of the films ranges from tens up to 200 nanometers, and the hardness is in the range 20 to 30 GPa. Raman analytical results reveal the films are in amorphous structure. The effects of different beam source on the films structure are further discussed.

Corrosion Resistance Properties and Preparation of α-C_3N_4 Thin Films

Well adhered C 3N 4 films were prepared by Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) on industrial pure iron substrates using ternary Si N C films as buffer layer. XRD measurement showed that the C 3N 4 films belong to the α C 3N 4 phase. Electrochemical experiments showed that the corrosive resistance of the pure iron raised by two orders of magnitude after being covered with the α C 3N 4 coating.

Carbon Nitride Films Deposited on Pt Substrates byMicrowave Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition

Carbon nitride thin films have been synthesized on polycrystalline Pt substrates using microwave plasma chemical vapor de- position (MPCVD) technique. The N/C atomic ratio is close to the stoichiometric value 1.33 of C_3N_4. The experimental X-ray diffraction spectra contain all the strong peaks of α-C_3N_4 and β -C_3N_4. The films are a mixture of α-C_3N_4 and β -C_3N_4. The observed Raman and FT- IR spectra support the existence of C-N covalent bond in carbon nitride compound. The bulk modulus detected by Nano II nanoindentor is up to 349 GPa.

New Insight into the Graphene Based Films Prepared from Carbon Fibers

In this work, ultrathin sections from longitudinal polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based T700 and T300 carbon fibers were prepared by ultramicrotomy, a promising graphene based thin films were developed in one step at ambient temperature. It is investigated that the network-graphene planes composed with carbon atoms are partly straight and partly twisted in the thin films prepared from T700 carbon fibers, the distance between the carbon atoms of network-graphene plane decreases, the order design of graphene in the films prepared from T700 carbon fibers is denser and its arrangement shows a preferred orientation along the drawing direction, its consistency of the neighboring graphene based planes is better, moreover, the relative content of the forming SP2-hybridized orbit of carbon atoms in the films prepared from T700 carbon fibers is higher, in the other words, the fact of the graphene based film prepared from carbon fibers without having the characteristic of skin-core structure has been verified.

High-permeance crosslinked PTMSP thin-film composite membranes as supports for CO_2 selective layer formation

In the development of the composite gas separation membranes for post-combustion CO_2 capture, little attention is focused on the optimization of the membrane supports, which satisfy the conditions of this technology. The primary requirements to the membrane supports are concerned with their high CO_2 permeance. In this work, the membrane supports with desired characteristics were developed as high-permeance gas separation thin film composite(TFC) membranes with the thin defect-free layer from the crosslinked highly permeable polymer, poly[1-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propyne](PTMSP). This layer is insoluble in chloroform and can be used as a gutter layer for the further deposition of the CO_2-selective materials from the organic solvents. Crosslinking of PTMSP was performed using polyethyleneimine(PEI) and poly(ethyleneglycol) diglycidyl ether(PEGDGE) as crosslinking agents. Optimal concentrations of PEI in PTMSP and PEGDGE in methanol were selected in order to diminish the undesirable effect on the final membrane gas transport characteristics. The conditions of the kiss-coating technique for the deposition of the thin defect-free PTMSP-based layer, namely, composition of the casting solution and the speed of movement of the porous commercial microfiltration-grade support, were optimized. The procedure of post-treatment with alcohols and alcohol solutions was shown to be crucial for the improvement of gas permeance of the membranes with the crosslinked PTMSP layer having thickness ranging within 1-2.5 μm. The claimed membranes showed the following characteristics: CO_2 permeance is equal to 50—54 m^3(STP)/(m^2 h bar)(18,500—20,000 GPU), ideal CO_2/N_2 selectivity is 3.6-3.7, and their selective layers are insoluble in chloroform. Thus, the developed highpermeance TFC membranes are considered as a promising supports for further modification by enhanced CO_2 selective layer formation.

单壁碳纳米管太赫兹超表面窄带吸收及其传感特性

由于碳纳米管具有优异的电学和光学特性,因此在光电子学领域具有广泛的应用前景.本文使用真空抽滤法,将单壁碳纳米管粉末分散液通过真空过滤的方式,制备了一种各向同性的单壁碳纳米管薄膜;进而提取了薄膜在0.4—2.0 THz范围内介电参数,并设计了一种基于单壁碳纳米管薄膜的新型太赫兹超表面窄带吸收器,这种超表面吸收器是由方形与工字形狭缝谐振器构成.实验和仿真结果表明,提出的太赫兹超表面吸收器在0.65,0.85,1.16和1.31 THz处存在4个明显的共振吸收峰,实现了最高可达90%的完美吸收.利用多重反射干涉理论阐明了这种多频带新型太赫兹超表面的吸收机制.通过在超表面器件表面覆盖具有不同折射率的介质层,深入研究了超表面作为折射率传感器的传感性能.研究结果表明,这种新型超表面吸收器用于折射率传感具有较高的灵敏度,为进一步开发新型碳基太赫兹超表面吸收器提供了新的思路和方案.

Experimental Research of DLC Film Deposited by Filtered Vacuum Arc Evaporation

本文研究了过滤式阴极电弧沉积方法获得的类金刚石薄膜．实验研究电弧的稳定性和探针电流与沉积参数的关系，并系统研究了膜层的性能．膜层的摩擦性能也得到了研究．

一种薄膜导热性能测试装置的研制

纳米碳材料复合薄膜具有优异的传热换热性能,被视为新一代热管理材料,已在产业中推广应用。准确测量其导热系数是评价薄膜传热性能的重要指标。本文基于3ω法原理,搭建一套薄膜导热性能测试装置,用于测量纳米碳材料复合薄膜导热系数及热扩散率,并使用SiO_(2)薄膜对装置的可靠性进行验证。结果表明:SiO_(2)薄膜导热系数与文献的标准值偏差小于5%,该装置可有效开展薄膜导热系数测量。

Influence of Deposition Temperature on the Electrical and Electrochemical Properties of Carbon-Based Coatings for Metallic Bipolar Plates, Prepared by Cathodic Arc Evaporation

Cathodic arc evaporation is a well-established physical vapor deposition technique which is characterized by a high degree of ionization and high deposition rate. So far, this technique has been mainly used for the deposition of tribological coatings. In this study, anti-corrosive and electrical conductive carbon-based coatings with a metallic interlayer were prepared on stainless steel substrates as surface modification for metallic bipolar plates. Hereby, the influence of the deposition temperature during the deposition of the carbon top layer was investigated. Raman spectroscopy revealed differences in the microstructure at 200°C compared to 300°C and 100°C. Measurements of the interfacial contact resistance showed that the deposited coatings significantly improve the electrical conductivity. There are only minor differences between the different carbon top layers. The corrosion resistance of the coatings was studied via potentiodynamic polarization at room temperature and 80°C. Experiments showed that the coating with a carbon top layer deposited at 200°C, considerably reduces the current density and thus corrosion of the substrate is suppressed.

木质素碳量子点在防伪包装中的应用研究

目的 探索木质素碳量子点(CQDs)荧光油墨及其书写式标签、CQDs/聚乙烯醇(PVA)复合荧光薄膜在防伪包装中的应用潜力。方法 以木质素为碳源,采用一锅水热法得到未掺杂碳量子点O-CQDs和硫掺杂碳量子点S-CQDs,并以此为荧光填料,以乙醇、乙二醇和丙三醇的混合液为溶剂,制备荧光油墨及其书写式荧光标签和CQDs/PVA复合荧光薄膜,探索其荧光防伪性能。结果 硫掺杂木质素碳量子点油墨MS-CQDs及其书写标签、PVA复合薄膜在可见光下均无色,在365nm紫外光照下则呈现强烈的淡蓝色荧光。结论 MS-CQDs书写式称量纸荧光标签及其与PVA的复合薄膜均具有良好的荧光性能,在荧光防伪领域具有良好的应用潜力。

Aligned carbon nanostructures based 3D electrodes for energy storage

Electrochemical energy storage systems with high specific energy and power as well as long cyclic stability attract increasing attention in new energy technologies. The principles for rational design of electrodes are discussed to reduce the activation, concentration, and resistance overpotentials and improve the active ma- terial efficiency in order to simultaneously achieve high specific energy and power. Three dimensional （3D） nanocomposites are currently considered as promising electrode materials due to their large surface area, reduced electronic and ionic diffusion distances, and synergistic effects. This paper reviews the most recent progress on the synthesis and application of 3D thin film nanoelectrode arrays based on aligned carbon nan- otubes （ACNTs） directly grown on metal foils for energy storages and special attentions are paid on our own representative works. These novel 3D nanoelectrode arrays on metal foil exhibit improved electrochemical performances in terms of specific energy, specific power and cyclic stability due to their unique structures. In this active materials coated ACNTs over conductive substrate structures, each component is tailored to address a different demand. The electrochemical active material is used to store energy, while the ACNTs are employed to provide a large surface area to support the active material and nanocable arrays to facilitate the electron transport. The thin film of active materials can not only reduce ion transport resistance by shorten- ing the diffusion length but also make the film elastic enough to tolerate significant volume changes during charge and discharge cycles. The conductive substrate is used as the current collector and the direct contact of the ACNT arrays with the substrate reduces significantly the contact resistance. The principles obtained from ACNT based electrodes are extended to aligned graphene based electrodes. Similar improvements have been achieved which confirms the reliability of the principles obtained. In addition, we also discuss and view the ongoing trends in development of aligned carbon nanostructures based electrodes for energy storage.

Layer-by-layer electrostatic selfassembly of anionic and cationic carbon nanotubes

The layer-by-layer(LBL) self assembly of anionic and cationic multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWNTs) through electrostatic interaction has been carried out to fabricate all-MWNT multilayer films.The alternate uniform assembly of anionic and cationic MWNTs was investigated by UV-vis spectroscopy.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) images displayed the growth of the MWNT films.