Determination of Water Diffusion Coefficients and Dynamics in Adhesive/Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Resin Composite Joints

To determinate the water diffusion coefficients and dynamics in adhesive/carben fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite joints, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis（EDX） is used to establish the content change of oxy- gen in the adhesive in adhesive/carbon fther reinforced epoxy resin composite joints. As water is made up of oxygen and hydrogen, the water diffusion coefficients and dynamics in adhesive/carben fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite joints can be obtained from the change in the content of oxygen in the adhesive during humidity aging, via EDX analy-sis. The authors have calculated the water diffusion coefficients and dynamics in the adhesive/carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite joints with the aid of beth energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The de- termined results with EDX analysis are almost the same as those determined with elemental analysis and the results al- so show that the durability of the adhesive/carbon fther reinforced epoxy resin composite joints subjected to silane cou- pling agent treatment is better than those subjected to sand paper burnishing treatment and chemical oxidation treat- ment.

Mechanical properties of short carbon/glass fiber reinforced high mechanical performance epoxy resins

To research the relationship between epoxy and fiber inherent property and mechanical properties of composite,we prepared a series of composites using three kinds of high mechanical performance epoxy resins as matrices and reinforced by the same volume fraction(5%)of short carbon and glass fiber.Their mechanical properties were investigated from the perspective of chemical structure and volume shrinkage ratio of epoxy.We analyzed their tensile strength and modulus based on the mixing rule and Halpin-Tsai eq...

Toughness and Fracture Mechanism of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites

The fracture toughness of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite(CFRP)was investigated through mode I and mode II shaped fracture system in this paper.A novel polyimide with trifluoromethyl groups and grafted nanosilica were used to modify epoxy resin.Effect of modified resin and unmodified resin on fracture toughness of CFRP was compared and discussed.Lay-up angles and thicknesses effects on fracture toughness of composites were also investigated.The fracture toughness of CFRP was obtained through double cantilever beam(DCB)and end notched flexure(ENF)tests.The results showed that the composites prepared by modified resin exhibited high fracture toughness compared with unmodified composites.The fracture toughness value of mode I increased from 1.83 kJ/m2 to 4.55 kJ/m2.The fracture toughness value of mode II increased from 2.30 kJ/m2 to 6.47 kJ/m2.

Synergistic regulation of current-carrying wear performance of resin matrix carbon brush composites with tungsten copper composite powder

Resin matrix carbon brush composites(RMCBCs)are critical materials for high-powered electric tools.However,effectively improving their wear resistance and heat dissipation remains a challenge.RMCBCs prepared with flake graphite powders that were evenly loaded with tungsten copper composite powder(RMCBCs-W@Cu)exhibited a low wear rate of 1.63 mm^(3)/h,exhibiting 48.6%reduction in the wear rate relative to RCMBCs without additives(RMCBCs-0).In addition,RMCBCs-W@Cu achieved a low friction coefficient of 0.243 and low electric spark grade.These findings indicate that tungsten copper composite powders provide particle reinforcement and generate a gradation effect for the epoxy resin(i.e.,connecting phase)in RMCBCs,which weakens the wear of RMCBCs caused by fatigue under a cyclic current-carrying wear.

Recyclable High-performance Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites Based on Dithioacetal Covalent Adaptive Network

Recycling of carbon fiber reinforced composites is important for sustainable development and the circular economy.Despite the use of dynamic chemistry,developing high-strength recyclable CFRPs remains a major challenge due to the mutual exclusivity between the dynamic and mechanical properties of materials.Here,we developed a high-strength recyclable epoxy resin(HREP)based on dynamic dithioacetal covalent adaptive network using diglycidyl ether bisphenol A(DGEBA),pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercapto-propionate)(PETMP),and vanillin epoxy resin(VEPR).At high temperatures,the exchange reaction of thermally activated dithioacetals accelerated the rearrangement of the network,giving it significant reprocessing ability.Moreover,HREP exhibited excellent solvent resistance due to the increased cross-linking density.Using this high-strength recyclable epoxy resin as the matrix and carbon fiber modified with hyperbranched ionic liquids(HBP-AMIM+PF6-)as the reinforcing agent,high performance CFRPs were successfully prepared.The tensile strength,interfacial shear strength(IFSS)and interlaminar shear strength(ILSS)of the optimized formulation(HREP20/CF-HBPPF6)were 1016.1,70.8 and 76.0 MPa,respectively.In addition,the CFRPs demonstrated excellent solvent and acid/alkali-resistance.The CFRPs could completely degrade within 24 h in DMSO at 140℃,and the recycled CF still maintained the same tensile strength and ILSS as the original after multiple degradation cycles.

Microstructure of Carbon Fiber and Carbon Reinforced Plastic

This study is the investigation of the microstructure of different types of carbon fiber. They were compared with the carbonized and graphitized fibers. Results of structural researches have been presented. It was found that the damage varies from different pollution and the damage of the monofibers. The effect of the pollution of the monofiber was determined.

Fabrication and Characterization of Glass Fiber with SiC Reinforced Polymer Composites

Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymeric (GFRP) Composites are most commonly used as bumpers for vehicles, electrical equipment panels, and medical devices enclosures. These materials are also widely used for structural applications in aerospace, automotive, and in providing alternatives to traditional metallic materials. The paper fabricated epoxy and polyester resin composites by using silicon carbide in various proportions along with GFRP. The hand lay-up technique was used to fabricate the laminates. To determine the properties of fabricated composites, the tensile, impact, and flexural tests were conducted. This method of fabrication was very simple and cost-effective. Their mechanical properties like yield strength, yield strain, Young’s modulus, flexural modulus, and impact energy were investigated. The mechanical properties of the GFRP composites were also compared with the fiber volume fraction. The fiber volume fraction plays a major role in the mechanical properties of GFRP composites. Young’s modulus and tensile strength of fabricated composites were modelled and compared with measured values. The results show that composites with epoxy resin demonstrate higher strength and modulus compared to composites with polyester resin.

Progress in Recycling of Composites with Polycyanurate Matrix

Thermoset based composites are used increasingly in industry for light weight applications, mainly for aircraft, windmills and for automobiles. Fiber reinforced thermoset polymers show a number of advantages over conventional materials, like metals, especially their better performance regarding their strength-to-weight ratio. However, composite recycling is a big issue, as there are almost no established recycling methods. The authors investigate the recyclability of polycyanurate homo- and copolymers with different recycling agents under different conditions. Also the influence of the recycling process on the most important reinforcement fibers, i.e. carbon-, glass-, aramid-, and natural-fiber is investigated. The authors find that: the recycling speed is not only dependent on the temperature, but also is significantly influenced by the particular recycling agents and the polycyanurate formulation. Hence, the stability against the recycling media can be adjusted over a broad range by adjusting the polymer composition. Furthermore, the authors find that the inorganic reinforcement fibers (carbon and glass) are almost unaffected by neither recycling agent at either temperature. Aramid-fibers degrade, depending on the particular recycling agent, from slightly up to extremely strong. This leaves one with the possibility to find a combination of matrix resin and recycling agent, which does not affect the aramid-fiber significantly. In the case of natural fibers, the dependence on the particular recycling media is very strong: some media do not affect the fiber significantly;others reduce the mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation at break) significantly, and still others even improve both mechanical properties strongly. From the Recyclate, the authors synthesize and subsequently characterize a number of new polyurethane thermosets (foamed and solid samples) with different contents of recyclate, exhibiting Tg in the range of 60°C to 128°C.

麻纤维增强改性环氧树脂复合材料声学性能研究

为验证麻纤维增强改性环氧树脂复合材料的声学性能,探讨植物纤维改性材料制备某类乐器的可行性,以亚麻、黄麻、苎麻等麻纤维材料为例,制备了几种不同麻纤维增强改性环氧树脂材料,以增强改性环氧树脂材料代替木材制作打击乐器,采用自由振动方法对打击乐器的声学性能进行测试。结果表明:黄麻、苎麻增强改性后的环氧树脂基复合材料声学性能各占优势,与一般的枫木相比力学性能更好,但综合声学性能尚无法达到天然枫木的水平。

桥梁工程中的纤维增强树脂基复合材料应用进展

为满足恶劣环境条件下现代化桥梁工程高质量建造所需材料的力学性能、耐腐蚀性及耐疲劳性等要求,基于纤维增强树脂基复合材料的优异性能,从公路桥、观赏桥、梁式桥以及超大跨度悬索桥等不同工况要求下的桥梁建设出发,总结了纤维增强树脂基复合材料的发展与应用现状。指出纤维增强树脂基复合材料在桥梁工程应用中仍存在应力损失、受风力影响大及回收处理难等弊端,并提出了主要的解决思路。

盐蚀/冻融环境下环氧树脂结构胶强度降解机理

为探究盐蚀/冻融循环作用对环氧树脂胶黏剂材料的拉伸、剪切性能的影响,分别开展了40个胶黏剂和40个单搭接接头的盐蚀/冻融循环试验和力学性能试验,分析其力学性能随环境作用时间的变化规律.研究表明,随环境作用时间增加,所有胶黏剂试件失效模式未发生变化,而单搭接接头由内聚破坏和界面脱黏的混合失效模式变为界面脱黏失效模式.胶黏剂试件的拉伸强度总体呈现下降趋势,210次盐蚀/冻融循环后降低了9.2%.水分在单搭接接头界面的扩散速率远大于胶黏剂试件,导致了单搭接接头剪切强度相对于胶黏剂拉伸强度下降更为显著,210次盐蚀/冻融循环后剪切强度降低了60.9%.此外,盐蚀/冻融循环2160次后,胶黏剂拉伸强度保留率约为31.1%,而单搭接接头已失效.

铁粉/碳纤维增强树脂复合材料的制备 及脆化损伤研究

将偶联剂改性纳米铁(Fe)粉与预处理后的碳纤维混合,浸润于环氧树脂基料中,经过搅拌混合制备纳米Fe粉/碳纤维增强树脂复合材料,研究了复合材料在高温老化、水浸老化环境下的脆化损伤行为。结果表明:树脂受到高温老化和水浸泡老化后会出现脆化损伤,碳纤维和纳米Fe粉加入会对该损伤有一定抑制;加入质量分数为4.0%的纳米Fe粉后,随着高温老化时间延长,碳纤维质量分数为3.0%的纳米Fe粉/碳纤维增强复合材料的拉伸强度、断裂韧性下降幅度较小,同时脆化损伤后树脂与纳米Fe粉、碳纤维仍结合紧密;碳纤维质量分数为3.0%、纳米Fe粉质量分数为4.0%的纳米Fe粉/碳纤维增强复合材料经水浸老化后,断裂韧性仍旧保持较高水平。

Carbon Fibers Decorated by Polyelectrolyte Complexes toward Their Epoxy Resin Composites with High Fire Safety

The achievement of both robust fire-safety and mechanical properties is of vital requirement for carbon fiber （CF） composites. To this end, a facile interracial strategy for fabricating flame-retardant carbon fibers decorated by bio-based polyelectrolyte complexes （PEC） consisting of chitosan （CH） and ammonium polyphosphate （APP） was developed, and its corresponding fire-retarded epoxy resin composites （EP/（PEC@CF）） without any other additional flame retardants were prepared. The decorated CFs were characterized by SEM- EDX, XPS and XRD, indicating that the flame-retardant PEC coating was successfully constructed on the surface of CF. Thanks to the nitrogen- and phosphorous-containing PEC, the resulting composites exhibited excellent flame retardancy as the limiting oxygen index （LOI） increased from 31.0% of EP/CF to 40.5% and UL-94 V-0 rating was achieved with only 8.1 wt% PEC. EP/（PEC8.1@CF） also performed well in cone calorimetry with the decrease of peak-heat release rate （PHRR） and smoke production rate （SPR） by 50.0% and 30.4%, respectively, and the value of fire growth rate （FIGRA） was also reduced to 3.41 kW·m-2- s-1 from 4.84 kW· m-2· s-1, suggesting a considerably enhanced fire safety. Furthermore, SEM images of the burning residues revealed that the PEC coating exhibited the dominant flame-retardant activity in condensed phase via the formation of compact phosphorus-rich char. In addition, the impact strength of the composite was improved, together with no obvious deterioration of flexural properties and glass transition temperature. Taking advantage of the features, the PEC-decorated carbon fibers and the relevant composites fabricated by the cost-effective and facile strategy would bring more chances for widespread applications.

Oxidation behaviors of carbon fiber reinforced multilayer SiC–Si_(3)N_(4) matrix composites

Oxidation behaviors of carbon fiber reinforced SiC matrix composites(C/SiC)are one of the most noteworthy properties.For C/SiC,the oxidation behavior was controlled by matrix microcracks caused by the mismatch of coefficients of thermal expansion(CTEs)and elastic modulus between carbon fiber and SiC matrix.In order to improve the oxidation resistance,multilayer SiC–Si_(3)N_(4) matrices were fabricated by chemical vapor infiltration(CVI)to alleviate the above two kinds of mismatch and change the local stress distribution.For the oxidation of C/SiC with multilayer matrices,matrix microcracks would be deflected at the transition layer between different layers of multilayer SiC–Si_(3)N_(4) matrix to lengthen the oxygen diffusion channels,thereby improving the oxidation resistance of C/SiC,especially at 800 and 1000℃.The strength retention ratio was increased from 61.9%(C/SiC–SiC/SiC)to 75.7%(C/SiC–Si_(3)N_(4)/SiC/SiC)and 67.8%(C/SiC–SiC/Si_(3)N_(4)/SiC)after oxidation at 800℃for 10 h.

生物基可降解环氧树脂及其可回收碳纤维复合材料的研究进展

环氧树脂是目前应用最为广泛的热固性树脂之一,其固化后会形成不溶、不熔的高度交联的三维网络结构,从而导致树脂及其碳纤维复合材料的降解困难而且难以再加工,造成了严重的资源浪费与环境污染。采用可再生生物质原料制备生物基可降解环氧树脂及其碳纤维复合材料,在缓解能源危机、减轻环境污染和实现资源再利用上具有重要意义。综述了生物基可降解环氧树脂及其可回收碳纤维复合材料的研究进展,主要包括含有热或化学不稳定键的可降解环氧树脂的合成、性能、降解机理及其碳纤维的无损回收,并总结了其优缺点。

聚吡咯共轭结构对碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料热循环稳定性能的影响

为解决碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料(CFRPs)存在的碳纤维与基体间界面黏结性较弱和在热循环过程中因热膨胀系数不匹配而产生界面破坏的问题,通过低温聚合得到含有较多共轭结构的聚吡咯(PPy)对预处理后碳纤维(CF)进行表面改性,分别在0、30、60℃下制得碳纤维/聚吡咯复合纤维(PPy/CF),并研究了不同聚合温度下制备的CFRPs的界面结合性能、热膨胀性能和热循环稳定性能。结果表明:PPy/CF-0纤维的表面粗糙度与CF相比增加了2.09倍,这有利于树脂锚定在碳纤维表面,从而提高界面结合性能;并且PPy/CF-0纤维表面的聚吡咯层具有较完善的共轭结构,整体表现为负热膨胀系数,使得复合材料的层间剪切强度和界面剪切强度分别达到了CF的1.56倍和1.70倍;此外还使得CFRPs的热循环稳定性有了较明显的提升,经100次热循环实验后,其剪切强度仍能保持在初始数值的70%以上。

大型复合材料构件机器人铣边站位优化研究

针对大型复合材料构件机器人铣边站位选取不合理导致加工质量低下的问题,提出基于最优刚度的单机器人多工位铣边站位优化方法。通过机器人运动学正逆解求得机器人刚度,建立与机器人站位相关的刚度函数模型。对不同站位下的机器人铣边任务进行分配,并通过基于刚度的站位优化算法开展机器人铣边站位优化研究,获得机器人刚度最优的一组站位。机器人铣边试验验证了机器人铣边站位的优化效果。结果表明,相比优化前,基于最优刚度的站位优化可显著提升机器人铣边稳定性,使铣边加工表面粗糙度降低33%以上。

自修复与阻燃功能一体化玄武岩纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料的制备及性能

纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料(FREPC)在实际应用中常因裂纹失效和燃烧破坏而受到限制。文中将自制的DA加合物(DOPO-FU-BMI)与糠胺(FA)配合,引入到环氧树脂DGEBA中,通过热压成型工艺制备了兼具自修复和阻燃双重功能的玄武岩纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料。结果表明,DA加合物在复合材料中实现了均匀分布,提升了材料的热稳定性和玻璃化转变温度;复合材料通过动态可逆化学键的可逆Diels-Alder(DA)反应实现了裂纹的修复,当DA加合物质量分数为20%时,经2次“冲击-修复”循环后复合材料的强度保留率仍高达92.5%;同时,复合材料发挥了玄武岩纤维的阻燃特性优势,引入DA加合物后使其阻燃性能进一步增强,极限氧指数最高可达44.5%,较未改性复合材料提升25.4%。

高性能纤维增强树脂基复合材料湿热老化研究进展

高性能纤维增强树脂基复合材料具有卓越的结构整体性及抗分层等特性,在诸多工业领域中具有广泛适用性。在其储藏及使用时,制件强度会不可避免地因湿热老化造成降解和退化。探讨和揭示高性能纤维增强树脂基复合材料在不同湿热老化环境下的力学响应,对其结构件的耐久性、安全服役性能和寿命预估具有至关重要的意义。综述了国内外高性能纤维增强树脂基复合材料湿热老化方面的研究进展,介绍了其吸湿机理以及在湿热环境下的老化机理。梳理了湿热老化环境对于高性能纤维增强树脂基复合材料力学性能的影响,寿命预测模型等。最后指出了高性能纤维增强树脂基复合材料老化研究存在的问题、面临的挑战,对未来研究发展方向提出了展望。

Ⅳ型储氢气瓶承载层CFRP基体优选与性能研究

以SW树脂及HY4006树脂为基体树脂,以12K T700碳纤维(HY-1、HY-2、HY-3)为纤维增强体,制备Ⅳ型储氢气瓶承载层用碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP),从固化特性、耐热性能、流变性能和树脂浇注体的力学性能等方面筛选适合的树脂基体,通过树脂对纤维的浸润性及CFRP的力学性能、微观形貌、孔隙率等筛选出最优的CFRP体系。结果表明:SW树脂的固化温度为109~142℃,固化速率快,固化时间短,黏度增长较慢,而且其浇注体力学性能好,比HY4006树脂更适合于Ⅳ型储氢气瓶的缠绕工艺;SW树脂对HY-2碳纤维的浸润性更好,起始接触角为80.06°,浸润时间仅2.5 s;由SW树脂与HY-2碳纤维制备的CFRP拉伸强度为2650 MPa,剪切强度为64.63 MPa,密度为1.67 g/cm 3,纤维体积分数为63.61%,该CFRP界面结合好,孔隙率低,力学性能优异,是Ⅳ型储氢气瓶缠绕层的理想材料。