Detection of carcinoembryonic antigen mRNA in peritoneal washes from gastric cancer patients and its clinical significance

AIM： To establish a more sensitive method for detection of free cancer cells in peritoneal washes from gastric cancer patients during surgery and to evaluate its clinical significance. METHODS： The carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA） mRNA levels in peritoneal washes from 65 cases of gastric cancer were detected by real-time RT-PCR. Peritoneal lavage cytology （PLC） was applied simultaneously to detection of free cancer cells. Negative controls included peritoneal washes from 5 cases of benign gastric disease and blood samples from 5 adult healthy volunteers. RESULTS： There was no CEA mRNA in peritoneal washes from benign gastric disease patients and in blood of adult healthy volunteers. The positive percentage of free cancer cells detected by real-time RT-PCR was 47.7% and only 22.3% by PLC. The positive rate of CEA mRNA was significantly related with serosa invasion between peritoneal metastasis and stage of gastric cancer. CONCLUSION： Real-time RT-PCR is a sensitive and rapid method for the detection of free cancer cells in peritoneal washes. The presence of free cancer cells in peritoneal washes is related to the Pathologic stage of gastric cancer.

Serum tumor markers (carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 19-9, carbohydrate antigen 72-4, carbohydrate antigen 24-2, ferritin) and gastric cancer prognosis correlation

BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is a kind of malignant tumor which is prevalent all over the world.Although some progress has been made in the treatment of gastric cancer,its prognosis is still not optimistic,so it is of great significance to find reliable prog-nostic indicators to guide the treatment and management of patients with gastric cancer.AIM To explore the relationship between serum levels of five biomarkers[carcinoem-bryonic antigen(CEA),carbohydrate antigen(CA)19-9,CA72-4,CA24-2,and ferritin]and prognosis in patients with gastric cancer.METHODS This study included 200 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma,and conducted an in-depth analysis of their baseline characteristics,relationship between tumor markers and staging,and prognosis.The study found that CA19-9 has a signi-ficant correlation with tumor stage,the average levels of CA24-2,CEA,CA72-4 and ferritin were slightly increased disregarding the stage of tumor.Survival analysis showed that increases in CEA,CA19-9,CA24-2,and ferritin were all associated with shortened overall survival of patients.Further multivariate ana-lysis revealed that elevated serum CA72-4 levels were an inde-pendent adverse prognostic factor.RESULTS This study reveals that there is a significant correlation between the expression levels of serum tumor markers CEA,CA19-9,CA72-4,CA24-2 and ferritin in patients with gastric cancer and prognosis,and can be used as important indicators for prognostic evaluation of gastric cancer.In particular,markers that appear abnormally elevated initially may help identify gastric cancer patients with poor prognosis.CONCLUSION Serum CEA and CA19-9 play an important role in the prognosis assessment of gastric cancer,and are effective tools to guide clinical practice and optimize individualized treatment strategies for gastric cancer patients.

Carcinoembryonic antigen,carbohydrate antigen 199 and carbohydrate antigen 724 in gastric cancer and their relationship with clinical prognosis

BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system with a high degree of malignancy.It usually develops insidiously without any specific symptoms in the early stages.As one of the diseases caused by abnormal gene changes,GC has abnormal expression of various oncogenes and products during its development.Tumor markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),carbohydrate antigen 199(CA199)and carbohydrate antigen 724(CA724)are not expressed or lowly expressed in normal people,but significantly increased after carcinogenesis.Monitoring the changes in the levels of tumor markers such as CEA,CA199 and CA724 is conducive to early diagnosis and evaluation of the occurrence of some solid tumors.AIM To investigate the expression of CEA,CA199 and CA724 in GC and their correlation with clinical features,hoping to provide more effective markers for the early preventive diagnosis of GC.METHODS Of 87 patients with GC admitted to our hospital from September 2020 to December 2021 were included in the GC group,and another 80 healthy people who came to our hospital for physical examination with normal results during the same period were selected as the control group.The serum CEA,CA199,and CA724 levels were compared between the two groups,and the serum CEA,CA199,and CA724 levels were compared in patients with GC at different TNM stages,and the differences in the positive rates of CEA,CA199,and CA724 alone and in combination in detecting TNM stages of GC and GC were compared.In addition,the relationship between the levels of tumor markers CEA,CA199 and CA724 and the clinicopathological characteristics of GC patients was also analyzed.The relationship between the serum levels of CEA,CA199 and CA724 and the survival period of GC patients was analyzed by Pearson.RESULTS The serum levels of CEA,CA199 and CA724 in GC group were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05).With the increase of TNM stage,the serum CEA,CA199 and CA724 expression levels in GC patients increased significantly,and the differences between groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).The positive rate of the CA724 single test was higher than that of CEA and CA199 single test(P<0.05).The positive rate of the three combined tests was 95.40%(83/87),which was higher than that of CEA,CA199 and CA724 single tests.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The combined detection positive rates of CEA,CA199,and CA724 in stages I,II,III,and IV of GC were 89.66%,93.10%,98.85%,and 100.00%respectively,all of which were higher than the individual detection rates of CEA,CA199,and CA724.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in serum CEA,CA199 and CA724 levels between GC patients with different genders,smoking history and alcohol history(P>0.05).However,the serum CEA,CA199 and CA724 levels were significantly higher in GC patients aged≥45 years,TNM stage III-IV,with lymph node metastasis and tumor diameter≥5 cm than in GC patients aged<45 years,TNM stage I-II,without lymph node metastasis and tumor diameter<5 cm(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The expression levels of serum tumor markers CEA,CA199 and CA724 in patients with GC are high and rise with the increase of TNM stage.The levels of CEA,CA199 and CA724 are related to age,TNM stage,lymph node metastasis and tumor diameter.The combined detection of CEA,CA199 and CA724 is helpful to improve the diagnostic accuracy of GC with high clinical guidance value.

Investigation of the Cytotoxicity of CAR-NK-92 Cells Targeting CEA Against Gastric Cancer Cells

Objective:To construct CAR-NK-92 cells targeting carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)and study their killing effect on gastric cancer cells.Methods:CAR-NK-92 cells targeting CEA were constructed.After co-culturing CAR-NK-92 cells with MKN-45 gastric cancer cells,the killing effect of CAR-NK-92 cells was detected by a lactate dehydrogenase release assay.The secretion levels of gamma interferon and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor were measured using an ELISA assay.Results:The lactate dehydrogenase release assay showed that CAR-NK-92 cells had a significant killing effect on MKN-45 cells compared to CON-NK-92 cells,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).ELISA results indicated that the levels of gamma interferon and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor secreted by CAR-NK-92 cells and MKN-45 target cells were significantly increased after co-culture(P<0.001).Conclusion:CAR-NK-92 cells targeting CEA exhibit a significant killing effect on CEA-positive gastric cancer cells.

DISTRIBUTION AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL LOCALIZATION OF CARCINOEMBRYONIC ANTIGEN (CEA) IN SIGNET RING CELLS OF GASTRIC CANCER

The distribution and ultrastructural localization of CEA in signet-ring cells of 15 gastric cancer specimens were observed by PAP and immunoelectron microscopic methods. The mechanism of abnormal distribution of CEA in the signet-ring cell and its biological significance are discussed. The results showed that the CEA positive rate in signet-ring cells was 100% with the polarity lost in distribution. Under the light microscope, the CEA stain patterns were of two types: cytoplasmic and membranous types. The former was predominant. Under the electron microscope, most of the CEA was distributed on the cell membrane and cytoplasm. CEA was found in intracellular membranous structure of the cancer cells, especially in protein synthesis and transport organellae (RER, Golgi Complex etc.). The synthesis of CEA in cancer cells increased, yet its elimination was somewhat hampered. The result was that the RER became extended and were full of CEA (+) material. In the free signet-ring cell, there was a small and short contact plane. The tight junction was severed as the cell junction reduced. The antigenic determinant of CEA was glycoprotein. The abnormal distribution of CEA in signet-ring cells might be the morphologic reflection of the glycosylation of surface glycoprotein of tumor cells.

prognostic significance of pretreatment serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels in gastric cancer with pathological lymph node-negative: A large sample singlecenter retrospective study

AIM To assess whether elevated serum carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) is in the inferior prognosis for pathological lymph node-negative(p N_0) gastric cancer(GC) patients who underwent D_2 gastrectomy.METHODS About 469 p N0 GC patients,who received D^2 radical gastrectomy were retrospectively analyzed. The X-tile plots cut-off point for CEA were 30.02 ng/m L using minimum P-value from log-rank χ~2 statistics,and p N_0 GC patients were assigned to two groups: those more than 30.02 ng/m L(n = 48;CEA-high group) and those less than 30.02 ng/m L(n = 421;CEA-low group). Clinicopathologic characteristics were compared usingPearson's χ2 or Fisher's exact tests,and survival curves were so manufactured using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analysis were carried out using the logistic regression method.RESULTS The percentage of vessel carcinoma embolus(31.35% vs 17.1%) and advanced GC(T_(2-4b))(81.25% vs 65.32%) were higher in CEA-high group than CEA-low group. The CEA-positive patients had a significantly poorer prognosis than the CEA-nagetive patients in terms of overall survival(57.74% vs 90.69%,P < 0.05),and no different was found between subgroup of T category,differentiation,nerve invasion,and vessel carcinoma embolus(all P > 0.05). Multivariate survival analysis showed that CEA(OR = 4.924),and T category(OR = 2.214) were significant prognostic factors for stage p N0 GC(all P < 0.05). Besides,only T category(OR = 1.962) was an independent hazard factor in the CEA-high group(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION Those pretreatment serum CEA levels over 30.02 ng/m L on behalf of worse characteristics and unfavourable tumor behavior,and a poor prognosis for a nearly doubled risk of mortality in GC patients.

Prognostic value of preoperative serum tumor markers in gastric cancer

AIM:To evaluate the prognostic value of preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA), carbohydrate antigen(CA)19-9, and CA50 in patients undergoing D2 resection.METHODS:We evaluated 363 patients with gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy at our hospital from January 2006 to December 2009. Blood samples were obtained from each patient within 1 wk before surgery. The cut-off values for serum CEA, CA19-9,and CA50 were 5 ng/mL, 37 U/mL, and 20 U/mL, respectively. The correlation between preoperative tumor marker levels and prognosis was studied by means of univariate and multivariate analyses.RESULTS:The preoperative serum positive rates of CEA, CA19-9 and CA50 were 24.0%, 18.9% and24.5%, respectively. The positivity rate of serum CEA was significantly correlated with age(P < 0.001), sex(P = 0.022), tumor size(P = 0.007) and depth of invasion(P = 0.018); CA19-9 with tumor size(P = 0.042)and lymph node metastasis(P < 0.001); and CA50 onlywith lymph node metastasis(P = 0.001). In multivariate analysis, tumor size, T category, N category, vascular or neural invasion, and adjuvant chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors for overall survival. CA19-9 had an independent prognostic significance in patients without adjuvant chemotherapy(P = 0.027).CONCLUSION:Preoperative serum CEA, CA19-9 and CA50 are prognostic in patients with gastric cancer. Only CA19-9 is an independent prognostic factor after surgery without adjuvant chemotherapy.

Prognostic significance of perioperative tumor marker levels in stage Ⅱ/Ⅲ gastric cancer

AIM To evaluate the prognostic significance of perioperative carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA19-9) levels in stage Ⅱ/Ⅲ gastric cancer.METHODS From a multi-institutional retrospective database compiled by integrating clinical data from nine institutions, data of 998 patients who underwent curative resection for stage Ⅱ/Ⅲ gastric cancer between 2010 and 2014 were retrieved and analyzed. The prognostic impact of the preoperative and postoperative levels and chronological changes in CEA, CA19-9 and their combination were evaluated. To test whether postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy alters the prognostic impact of perioperative CEA and CA19-9 levels, the hazard ratios for mortality were compared between patients who underwent surgery alone and patients who underwent surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy.RESULTS The prognostic impact of postoperative CEA and CA19-9 was superior to that of the preoperative levels. Multivariable analysis identified high postoperative CEA and CA19-9 levels as independent prognostic factors for overall survival.Disease-free survival rates clearly decreased in a stepwise manner in association with postoperative CEA and CA19-9 levels, and patients with high levels of both markers showed significantly poorer prognosis than other patient groups. When we analyzed perioperative changes in serum CEA and CA19-9 levels, patients with high levels before and after surgery had the worst disease-free survival rates among all patient groups. Patients with normalized CEA levels after surgery had a significantly lower disease-free survival rate than those with normal perioperative levels, whereas patients with normalized CA19-9 levels after surgery had equivalent survival to those with normal perioperative levels. The prognostic impact of high CEA levels was observably smaller in patients who underwent adjuvant chemotherapy than in patients who underwent surgery alone, whereas that of high CA19-9 was greater in patients who underwent adjuvant chemotherapy. High postoperative CEA levels were significantly associated with an increased prevalence of liver, lung and bone recurrences, and high postoperative CA19-9 levels were significantly associated with increased frequencies of lymph node and liver recurrences.CONCLUSION The evaluation of serum CEA and CA 19-9 levels both before and after surgery provides useful information for precise risk stratification after curative gastrectomy.

Molecular diagnosis and therapy for occult peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer patients

To apply an individualized oncological approach to gastric cancer patients,the accurate diagnosis of disease entities is required.Peritoneal metastasis is the most frequent mode of metastasis in gastric cancer,and the tumor-node-metastasis classification includes cytological detection of intraperitoneal cancer cells as part of the staging process,denoting metastatic disease.The accuracy of cytological diagnosis leaves room for improvement;therefore,highly sensitive molecular diagnostics,such as an enzyme immunoassay,reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,and virusguided imaging,have been developed to detect minute cancer cells in the peritoneal cavity.Molecular targeting therapy has also been spun off from basic research in the past decade.Although conventional cytologyis still the mainstay,novel approaches could serve as practical complementary diagnostics to cytology in near future.

Reid阴道镜评分、HPV E6/E7 mRNA表达量在宫颈癌中的临床应用价值研究

目的研究Reid阴道镜评分(以下简称Reid评分)、高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HR-HPV)mRNA表达量与宫颈癌国际妇产科联盟(FIGO)分期、血清常规肿瘤标志物水平的相关性及对宫颈癌术后淋巴结转移的预测价值。方法选取2021年3月至2022年5月在菏泽市立医院就诊的100例宫颈癌患者作为宫颈癌组,另选同期诊治的50例低级别鳞状上皮内病变(LSIL)患者作为LSIL组,50例高级别鳞状上皮内病变(HSIL)患者作为HSIL组。比较3组Reid评分、HPV E6/E7 mRNA表达量及血清常规肿瘤标志物[糖类抗原125(CA125)、癌胚抗原(CEA)]水平;分析宫颈癌组Reid评分、HPV E6/E7 mRNA表达量与血清常规肿瘤标志物水平及宫颈癌FIGO分期的相关性;根据宫颈癌组患者术后随访结果分为术后有淋巴结转移和无淋巴结转移,比较有无淋巴结转移患者Reid评分、HPV E6/E7 mRNA表达量及血清CA125、CEA水平,分析Reid评分、HPV E6/E7 mRNA表达量对宫颈癌术后淋巴结转移的预测价值。结果宫颈癌组Reid评分、HPV E6/E7 mRNA表达量及血清CA125、CEA水平均高于HSIL组、LSIL组(P<0.05);HSIL组Reid评分、HPV E6/E7 mRNA表达量及血清CA125、CEA水平均高于LSIL组(P<0.05)。宫颈癌患者Reid评分、HPV E6/E7 mRNA表达量与血清CA125、CEA水平均呈正相关(r=0.405~0.705,P<0.05)。Reid评分、HPV E6/E7 mRNA表达量与宫颈癌FIGO分期呈正相关(r=0.415、0.501,P<0.05)。宫颈癌组术后淋巴结转移患者的Reid评分、HPV E6/E7 mRNA表达量及血清CA125、CEA水平均高于无淋巴结转移的患者(P<0.001)。Reid评分、HPV E6/E7 mRNA表达量、CA125、CEA预测宫颈癌术后淋巴结转移的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.756(95%CI:0.657~0.838)、0.760(95%CI:0.662~0.841)、0.803(95%CI:0.710~0.877)、0.768(95%CI:0.670~0.848)。将CA125、CEA联合检测作为常规预测方案,Reid评分、HPV E6/E7 mRNA表达量、CA125、CEA联合检测作为新预测方案,常规预测方案预测宫颈癌术后淋巴结转移的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.826(95%CI:0.724~0.889),新预测方案预测宫颈癌术后淋巴结转移的AUC为0.955(95%CI:0.892~0.987),新预测方案预测的AUC明显大于常规预测方案(Z=1.981,P=0.045)。与常规预测方案比较,新预测方案的净重新分类指数为0.021(95%CI:0.015~0.039)、综合判别改善指数为0.046(95%CI:0.033~0.069),均P<0.05。结论Reid评分、HPV E6/E7 mRNA表达量与宫颈癌FIGO分期及血清CEA、CA125水平相关,且在预测宫颈癌术后淋巴结转移方面具有一定价值。

Expression of Mammaglobin and Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Peripheral Blood of Patients with Breast Cancer Using Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Background and Objectives: Breast cancer is among the most common causes of cancer related mortality in women worldwide. Early detection and prompt diagnosis of tumor is the first step to prevent cancer-related morbidity and mortality, and a comprehensive understanding of the involved molecular mechanisms can greatly help in this respect. Breast cancer, like many other types of cancer, is caused by a combination of genetic and epigenetic changes such as inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 40 breast cancer patients and 40 healthy controls. Quantitative real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (real time qRT-PCR) was used to assess the expression of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and mammaglobin mRNA in the peripheral blood of patients and healthy controls. The two groups were compared using t-test. Results: The two groups were not significantly different in terms of the mean age. Twenty-nine out of 40 cancer patients were positive for CEA mRNA and its sensitivity was calculated to be 72.5%. Twelve out of 40 healthy controls were positive for CEA mRNA. Twenty-six out of 40 patients were positive for mammaglobin mRNA indicative of 65% sensitivity while only five out of 40 healthy controls were positive for mammaglobin mRNA. Conclusion: Both CEA and mammaglobin mRNA had high sensitivity in cancer patients;thus, they can be used for screening and early detection of breast cancer patients. Further studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm the current findings.

Prognostic significance of preoperative and postoperative CK19 and CEA m RNA levels in peripheral blood of patients with gastric cardia cancer

AIM To evaluate the clinical and prognostic significance of preoperative and postoperative cytokeratin 19(CK19) and carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) m RNA levels in peripheral blood of patients with gastric cardia cancer(GCC).METHODS We detected the preoperative and postoperative mR NA levels of CK19 and CEA in peripheral blood of 129 GCC patients by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and evaluated their clinical and prognostic significance by univariate Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis. A new prognostic model which stratified patients into three different risk groups was established based on the independent prognostic factors.RESULTS Elevated preoperative and postoperative CK19 and CEA mR NA levels in peripheral blood of GCC patients were associated with lymph node metastasis. Univariate analysis showed that tumor size, histological grade, depth of tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, preoperative CK19 m RNA, and preoperative and postoperative CEA m RNA levels were correlated with the prognosis of GCC patients. The multivariate analysis showed that lymph node status(P = 0.018), preoperative CK19(P = 0.035) and CEA(P = 0.011) m RNA levels were independent prognostic factors for overall survival(OS). The 5-year OS rates for the low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups were 48.3%, 22.6%, and 4.6%, respectively(P < 0.001).CONCLUSION Elevated preoperative CK19 and CEA mR NA levels may be regarded as promising biomarkers for predicting lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in patients with GCC. This new prognostic model may help us identify the subpopulations of GCC patients with the highest risk.

Significance of peritoneal lavage cytology based on genetic signatures in gastric cancer

Perit on eal metastasis is the most comm on patter n of recurre nee and the most freque nt cause of death after surgery in patie nts with gastric can cer.Perit on eal free can cer cells dissem in ated from the primary lesi on site have bee n con sidered the main cause of perit on eal metastasis.Perit on eal lavage cytological exam in ati on(PLC)has bee n show n to be an in depe ndent predictor of gastric cancer relapse after curative resection and poor overall survival.However,the conventional cytological examinations have high rates of false-positive and false-negative findings.To improve the sensitivity,molecular-based methods using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction have been developed for detecting cancer cells in peritoneal wash fluids of patients with gastric cancer.We performed a PubMed search for articles describing PLC in gastric can cer.Releva nt articles were reviewed and data on available outcomes elaborated.The cli nical roles and attributes of PLC in gastric can cer were reviewed,and its future applicati on to this disease is discussed.

Detection of CEA mRNA in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and it’s significance

Objective: To detect the expression of CEA mRNA in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to investigate it's significance. Methods: The blood samples were taken from peripheral veins of 70 patients with NSCLC and 18 patients with benign diseases at 3 intervals during the surgery. The transcription of carcinoembryonic antigen messenger ribonucleic acid (CEA mRNA) was assayed by means of nested reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and micro-fluid chip. Results: The CEA mRNA positive rates at each of the 3 time spots were as follows: 50% at beginning of the surgery (group 1), 62.8% in the samples collected when ligating the pulmonary vein (group 2) and 57.1% in samples collected 1 h after ligation (group 3). A significant difference was found between groups 1 and 2 (χ2 = 7.114, P < 0.05). Con-clusion: Cancer cell dissemination during surgery is demonstrated indirectly in our study, when to ligate the pulmonary vein (earlier or later) may affect the quantity of tumor cells spread into the circulation.

术前术后癌胚抗原差值对胃癌患者腹腔镜辅助远端胃癌根治术后复发的影响

目的分析术前、术后癌胚抗原(CEA)差值对胃癌患者腹腔镜辅助远端胃癌根治术(LADG)后复发的影响。方法前瞻性分析,纳入2020年1月至2021年6月安阳市人民医院收治的110例接受LADG治疗的胃癌患者为研究对象,随访2 a,根据2 a内复发情况分为复发组和未复发组。收集患者临床资料及术前1 d、术后1个月血清CEA水平,并计算其差值,分析CEA差值对胃癌患者LADG术后复发的影响。结果110例胃癌患者LADG术后2 a复发41例(37.27%);复发组TNM分期Ⅲ期患者占比高于未复发者(P<0.05);两组患者术前CEA比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),复发组术后CEA、CEA差值高于未复发组(P<0.05);经点二列相关性分析,CEA差值与胃癌患者LADG术后复发呈负相关(r=-0.369,P<0.01);绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,结果显示,CEA差值预测LADG术后复发的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.715,具有一定预测价值。结论胃癌患者LADG术后复发情况与术前、术后血清CEA差值存在密切关系,术前、术后血清CEA差值对患者术后复发具有一定预测价值。

联合检测血清胃蛋白酶原、Hp抗体、CEA、CA724在胃癌筛查的临床研究

目的探讨血清胃蛋白酶原Ⅰ(PGⅠ)、胃蛋白酶原Ⅱ(PGⅡ)、PGⅠ/PGⅡ比值、幽门螺杆菌(Hp)抗体、糖类抗原724(CA724)、癌胚抗原(CEA)联合检测在胃癌筛查的临床价值研究。方法选取2021年7月至2023年11月在玉林市第一人民医院就诊的100例胃癌患者为胃癌组、80例萎缩性胃炎患者为萎缩性胃炎组及同期80例非萎缩性胃炎为对照组。检测并比较三组研究对象血清中PGⅠ、PGⅡ、PGⅠ/PGⅡ比值、Hp抗体、CEA、CA724水平,用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估以上指标在胃癌中的诊断价值。结果胃癌组、萎缩性胃炎组的PGⅠ、PGⅠ/PGⅡ比值水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。胃癌组的PGⅡ及Hp抗体水平均高于对照组,但胃癌组Hp抗体水平低于萎缩性胃炎组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。胃癌组的CEA、CA724水平均高于其余两组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。采用Spearman相关分析,结果显示PGⅠ/PGⅡ比值与PGⅠ呈正相关(r=0.229,P<0.05),与PGⅡ、Hp抗体、CA724呈负相关(r=-0.560,P<0.05;r=-0.236,P<0.05;r=-0.223,P<0.05)。联合检测血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ、Hp抗体、CEA、CA724诊断胃癌的曲线下面积(AUC=0.844)均大于各单项诊断AUC。结论联合检测血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ、PGⅠ/PGⅡ比值、Hp抗体、CEA、CA724可提高胃癌的诊断价值。

血清MG7-Ag水平、组织Notch-3水平对胃癌的诊断价值

目的分析血清胃癌相关抗原7(MG7-Ag)水平、组织神经源位点缺口同源蛋白3(Notch-3)水平对胃癌的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析2023年1月至12月解放军总医院第二医学中心收治的23例胃癌患者(胃癌组)及50例胃部良性病变者(良性病变组)的临床资料,统计2组患者的基线资料及血清MG7-Ag水平、组织Notch-3水平,分析胃癌的影响因素及血清MG7-Ag水平、组织Notch-3水平对胃癌的诊断效能;并比较不同胃癌患者的血清MG7-Ag水平、组织Notch-3水平,分析血清MG7-Ag水平、组织Notch-3水平与胃癌病理参数(肿瘤直径、TNM分期、血管浸润程度、淋巴结转移)的关系。结果胃癌组患者的血清胃蛋白酶原Ⅰ(PG1)水平低于良性病变组,胃泌素、癌胚抗原(CEA)、MG7-Ag及组织Notch-3水平均高于良性病变组(P<0.05),多因素Logistic回归分析可得出:胃泌素(95%CI:1.033~1.112)、CEA(95%CI:1.882~5.076)、MG7-Ag(95%CI:1.649~4.443)、Notch-3(95%CI:1.639~4.219)为胃癌的危险因素,PG1(95%CI:0.880~0.984)为胃癌的保护因素(P<0.05)。受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析结果显示血清MG7-Ag水平、组织Notch-3水平及联合诊断胃癌的敏感度分别为73.90%、78.30%、91.30%,特异度分别为86.00%、82.00%、80.00%;且联合诊断的AUC值为0.958,显著高于单一指标(P<0.05)。直径>3 cm、Ⅲ~Ⅳ级、有血管浸润及淋巴结转移的胃癌患者血清MG7-Ag水平、组织Notch-3水平高于直径≤3 cm、Ⅰ~Ⅱ级、无血管浸润及淋巴结转移者(P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析结果显示血清MG7-Ag水平、组织Notch-3水平与患者的肿瘤直径、TNM分期、血管浸润程度、淋巴结转移呈正相关关系(P<0.05)。结论胃癌患者的血清MG7-Ag水平、组织Notch-3水平均升高,其水平与肿瘤直径、TNM分期、血管浸润程度、淋巴结转移呈正相关关系,且两者联合对胃癌具有较高的诊断价值。

CEA mRNA及CK19 mRNA在非小细胞肺癌外周血中的表达及其与临床病理参数的关系

目的检测非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者外周血中癌胚抗原mRNA(CEA mRNA)及细胞角蛋白19 mRNA(CK19mRNA)的表达及与临床病理参数(病理类型、分期、细胞分化程度、淋巴结转移)之间的相关性。方法采用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)技术检测48例NSCLC患者、15例肺良性疾病(BLD)患者和10例健康人外周血中CEA mRNA及CK19 mRNA的表达。结果 NSCLC患者外周血中CEAmRNA及CK19 mRNA的阳性表达率分别为58.33%(28/48)、68.75%(33/48),在BLD患者中的阳性表达率分别为6.67%(1/15)、13.33%(2/15),而健康对照组均无表达,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其中Ⅰ、Ⅱ期NSCLC患者外周血中CEA mRNA及CK19 mRNA阳性表达率分别为27.78%(5/18)、83.33%(10/12)及44.44%(8/18)、75%(9/12)。外周血CEA mRNA及CK19 mRNA的阳性表达与临床分期及淋巴结转移密切相关,而与病理类型及分化程度无关。结论 NSCLC患者早期(Ⅰ、Ⅱ期)外周血中也有微转移的存在,说明微转移可能是NSCLC预后不良的原因之一。CEAmRNA与CK19 mRNA均可作为检测NSCLC患者外周血微转移较为合适的分子标志物,联合检测有助于提高检测的准确度。

CEA mRNA检测诊断胃周围淋巴结癌细胞微转移

目的:评估癌胚抗原(CEA)mRNA在诊断胃癌细胞淋巴结微转移方面的应用价值。方法:以胃周围淋巴结为检测标本,用反转录套式聚合酶链反应技术(RT-NP-PCR)检测CEA mRNA,用常规病理学方法检查癌细胞。结果:胃癌组胃周围淋巴结38.8%CEA mRNA阳性,病理学检测17.9%癌细胞阳性;良性胃病组胃周围淋巴结均阴性。RT-NP-PCR检测CEA mRNA与病理学检查癌细胞的结果比较,有非常显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:CEA mRNA指标诊断胃癌细胞淋巴结微转移的敏感性较高,具有较高的应用价值,可以在病理学诊断胃癌淋巴结转移时开展应用。

良、恶性胃病变组织表达CEA mRNA的差别

目的:研究良、恶性胃病变组织表达癌胚抗原(CEA)mRNA的差别,评估其在胃癌诊断中的应用价值。方法:以胃癌和良性胃病组织为检测标本,应用反转录套式聚合酶链反应技术检测CEAmRNA。结果:胃癌组织CEAmRNA的阳性表达率为82.4%、良性胃病组织标本为6.7%,差别有统计学意义(P<0.01)。应用CEAmRNA指标诊断胃癌的特异性为93.3%、敏感性为82.4%。结论:CEAmRNA在胃细胞恶性变时有高水平的表达,检测组织标本CEAmRNA指标诊断胃癌具有较高的应用价值。