THE QUANTITATIVE MEASUREMENT OF BCL-2, P53 PROTEIN AND PCNA EXPRESSION IN BREAST CARCINOMA AND THEIR CORRELATION WITH PROGNOSIS

To study quantitative index of bci-2, P53, Nroliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA),ER and PR in breast carcinoma and their correiation and their relatiousbip with prognosis, the ex expression of bcl-2, P53 and PCNA were studied by immunohistochemical technique. The measurementof ER and PR used enzyme linked affinuity histochemical methods. The quantitative index was analyzed by image technique. All analyses were hased on 60 breast carcinomas. The results were as follows:the more bcl-2 protein, the lower histological graded the longer survival term and the highersurvival rate (P< 0. 05). The quautitative measurement of bcl-2, P53 and PCNA expression were ofvalue in evaluating the degree of differentiation and prognosis in breast carcinoma. The quantitativeand qualitative measurement or p53 protein expression showed a Ⅰwerful evidence in evaluatingprognosis of bcl-2 were more significant in evaluating poor prognosis of breast carcinoma. A relationship between bcl-2 and ER, PR showed a better value for response to endocrine therapy in breastcarcinoma patients.

Association of p53/p21 expression with cigarette smoking and prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients

<Abstract>factors,such as cigarette smoking,in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)in northeastern Iran,a region with a high incidence of ESCC.METHODS:The expression of p53 and p21 proteins was investigated immunohistochemically in tumor tissue from 80 ESCC patients and in 60 available paraffinembedded blocks of adjacent normal specimens from the cases,along with normal esophageal tissue from 80 healthy subjects.RESULTS:Positive expression of p53 protein was detected in 56.2%(45/80)of ESCC cases,and in none of the normal esophageal tissue of the control group(P<0.001).Furthermore,73.8%(59/80)of ESCC cases and 43.8%(35/80)of controls had positive expression of p21 protein(P<0.001).Cigarette smoking was significantly associated with p53 over-expression in ESCC cases(P=0.010,OR=3.64;95%CI:1.32-10.02).p21 over-expression was associated with poorer clinical outcome among the ESCC patients(P=0.009).CONCLUSION:Over-expression of p53 in association with cigarette smoking may play a critical role in ESCC carcinogenesis among this high-risk population of northeastern Iran.Furthermore,p21 over-expression was found to be associated with poor prognosis,specifically in the operable ESCC patients.

Analysis of N-ras gene mutation and p53 gene expression in human hepatocellular carcinomas

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The expression and significance of hTERT and P53 in thyroid carcinoma

Objective To determine the expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and P53 in thyroid carcinoma and its relationship with development and prognosis of the carcinoma. Methods Totally 90 cases of thyroid specimens (60 thyroid carcinomas,10 thyroid adenomas,10 goitres and 10 normal thyroid tissues) were studied by SP immunohistochemical method. Results Positive immunoreactivity of hTERT and P53 was higher in thyroid carcinoma (P<0.05). The positive rates of hTERT and P53 were higher in undifferentiated carcinomas,carcinomas with lymph nodes metastasis or at stage Ⅲ+Ⅳ than in well-differentiated carcinomas,carcinomas without lymph nodes metastasis or at stage Ⅰ+Ⅱ (P<0.05). The expression of hTERT was significantly related with that of P53 (P<0.05). Conclusion Over-expressed hTERT and P53 may be related to the carcinogenesis and progression of thyroid carcinoma and hTERT expression is related to P53 protein. Examination of expression of hTERT and P53 proteins may be helpful to judge the thyroid cancer’s behavior and prognosis.

THE EXPRESSION AND SIGNIFICANCE OF P53 AND P21(WAF1/CIP1) IN THYROID CARCINOMA

Objective To determine the expression of P53 and P21 (WAF1/CIP1) in thyroid carcinomas and its relationship with development and prognosis of the carcinoma. Methods 90 cases of thyroid tissues (60 thyroid carcinomas, 10 thyroid adenomas, 10 goitres and 10 normal thyroid tissues) were studied by SP immunohistochemical method. Results Positive immunoreactivity of P53 and P21(WAF1/CIP1) was found only in thyroid carcinomas. The positive rate of the P53 and P21 is 53.3% and 41.7% respectively. The positive-staining rates of P53 were higher in cases of undifferentiated carcinomas, positive metastasis lymph nodes or in stage Ⅲ, Ⅳ than those in the cases of well-differentiated, no metastasis lymph nodes, or in stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ. In addition, the positive-staining of P21(WAF1/CIP1) were lower in cases of undifferentiated carcinomas, positive metastasis lymph nodes or stage Ⅲ, Ⅳ than that in the cases of well-differentiated, no metastasis lymph nodes or in stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ. The P21 (WAF1/CIP1) expression rate in the P53 positive group was lower than that in the P53 negative group (P<0.05). Conclusion The expression of P21(WAF1/CIP1) protein in thyroid cancer is related to P53-depend pathway and P53-independent pathway, mainly the P53-depend pathway. Examination of expression of P53 and P21 (WAF1/ CIP1) proteins may be helpful to judge the thyroid cancer's behavior and prognosis.

Immunohistochemical study of p53 protein expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma

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THE OVEREXPRESSION AND SIGNIFICANCE OF CYCLIN D1 AND P53 IN CERVICAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMAS

Objective To investigate the significance of overexpresson of cyclin D1 and P53 protein in cervical squamous cell carcinomas.Methods Fifty cases of invasive cervical squamous cell carcinomas and 10 cases of normal cervical squamous epithelia were investigated with immunihistochemical technique. Results The overexpression of cyclin D1 and P53 in invasive cervical carcinomas was 70% and 50%, respectively. There was no overexpression of them in the control group. The overexpression of cyclin D1 in grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ was much higher than that in gradeⅠ(P<0.05). The overexpresson of cyclin D1 in stage Ⅲ of cervical carcinoma was significantly higher than that in stage Ⅱ (P<0.05). The overexpression of P53 in grade Ⅱ and grade Ⅲ of cervical carcinoma was remarkably higher than that in grade Ⅰ (P<0.05).Conclusion The action point of both cyclin D1 and P53 may be at G1/S transition. The overexpression of them was associated with development and progression of cervical carcinoma probably in different mechanisms and different pathways.

结肠癌PCNA和P53蛋白协同表达的免疫组化分析

目的 为探明PCNA和P53在结肠癌中表达之间的关系及意义。方法 应用免疫组化SP法对189例结肠癌组织进行检测。结果 全部阳性为62例(32.8％),全部阴性为37例(19.6％),PCNA阳性140例(74.1％),P53阳性74例(39.2％),PCNA和P53表达率之间有明显正相关性(P<0.01),PCNA表达与结肠癌分化程度有显著相关性(P<0.01),与浸润深度和淋巴结转移均无显著相关性(P>0.05)。P53表达与结肠癌分化程度和湿润深度无显著相关性(P>0.05),与淋巴结转移有显著相关性(P<0.01)。结论 检测PCNA和P53有助于对结肠癌预后的评估。

Clinical significance of expression of p21 and p53 proteins and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in pancreatic cancer

Objective: To study the clinical significance and effect of p21, p53 protein as well as proliferating cell nuc- lear antigen (PCNA) on the occurrence and develop- ment of pancreatic carcinoma. Method: p21, p53 protein and PCNA expressions were detected in specimens from 30 patients with pancreatic carcinoma and 3 samples of normal pan- creatic tissue by immunohistochemistry. The data were analyzed together with clinical findings. Results: The positive expression rates of p21 and p53 proteins were 75.0% and 57.3% respectively in pan- creatic carcinoma, which were significantly different from those in the normal tissue (P<0.05). p21 and p53 proteins were positively correlated (P<0.05). The positive expression of PCNA was 43.33%± 17.99%, that was significantly higher than that in the normal pancreatic tissue (P<0.05). The expres- sion of PCNA was correlated with the histological grade (P<0.05). The positive expression rate was consistent with the exacerbation of cancer. The ex- pression was also correlated significantly with prog- nosis and p53 expression (P<0.05). Conclusions: The occurrence and development of pancreatic cancer are the result of associated function for many oncogenes and antioncogenes. PCNA may be helpful to identify malignant degree and prognosis of pancreatic cancer.

C-erbB-2,p53,N-ras EXPRESSION IN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA

To assess the relationship between C-erbB-2, p53, N-ras status at a premalignant stage and in HCC, the authors studied the imunohistological expression of these genes in HCC, liver cirrhosis and in the adjacent normal resected liver tissue, using monoclonal antibody to mutated p53 and activated C-erbB-2, N-ras. C-erbB-2 was expressed in 97.1% (35/36) of HCC and 100% (18/18) of hepatic cirrhosis, low level C-erbB-2 expression was observed in 2/14 (14.3%) of normal liver specimens; The positive incidence of overexpression of mutant p53 protein in HCC and hepatic cirrhosis were 55.6% (20/36) and 66.7% (10/18) respectively; 29 (76.5%) specimens of HCC and 16 (88.9%) of hepatic cirrhosis were positive for N-ras protein. The overexpression of the three oncogene proteins were significantly higher than that of normal liver tissues (P<0.01). These results indicated that activated C-erbB-2, N-ras and altered p53 genes may have a role in human HCC pathogenesis through promiting the development of HCC from hepatic cirrhosis and the progression of HCC.

THE OVEREXPRESSION OF APOPTOSIS-RELATED GENES OF P_53 AND BCL-2 IN CERVICAL CARCINOMA

Objective To investigate the significance of overexpression of p5s and bcl-2 protein in carcinogene- sis of cervix. Methods 10 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasis(CIN) and 57 cases of invasive cancer were in- vestigated with immunohistochemistry technique. Results The overexpresion or P53 protein ir CIN and cervical can- cer was significantly higher than that or control, respectively (P<0.01). But there was no significant difference be- tween CIN and cervical cancer(P>0.05). The immunoreactivity of bcl-2 in CIN was much more higher than that of control (P<0.05). The positive rate and immunoreactivity of bcl-2 in cervical carcinoma were both remarkably high- er than those of control (P<0.0l),but there was no significant difference between CIN and cervical carcinoma (P> 0.05). It was also found that there was a remarkably positive correlation between the overexpression of bcl-2 and P53 (P<0.01). Conclusion Because of the loss of wtP53 function,the expression of bcl-2 can not be down-reguated, which is associated with the pathogenesis and development of cervical carcinoma.

EXPRESSIONS OF P_(53), PROLIFERATING CELL NUCLEAR ANITIGEN,BCL-2 PROTEIN AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE IN SALIVARY ADENOID CYSTIC CARCINOMA

Objective To study the effects of P53, PCNA, Bc1-2 protein and their relationship in salivary adenoid cystic carclnoma(SACC). Methods These protelns were examlned by lmmunohistochemistry. Results overexpressions of Ps, and PCNA were revealed in ACC samples, they were higher than those in (polymorphous adenomas) PA, but expression of Bc1-2 protein was not different between ACC and PA. In 3 subtypes of ACC, expressions of 3 proteins were different. Conciusion Mutations of P53, Bc1-2 may be involed in the occurrence of SACC, expression of PCNA and mutation of P53 may coexist in the development of the SACC.

CIN和子宫颈鳞癌的HPV16/18感染与p53、MDM2蛋白表达的关系

目的研究子宫颈鳞癌及C IN的HPV感染、p53蛋白和M DM 2蛋白的表达及三者之间的相互关系。方法选取子宫颈鳞癌61例、C IN 47例、正常子宫颈组织54例,分别采用原位杂交技术检测HPV 16/18感染,用免疫组化技术S-P法检测p53蛋白和M DM 2蛋白。结果HPV 16/18感染率鳞癌组为62.3%(38/61),C IN组为70.2%(33/47),对照组为16.7%(9/54)。C IN组和鳞癌组的HPV 16/18的感染率均显著高于对照组(P值均<0.05)。而C IN组与鳞癌组的HPV 16/18感染率差异无显著性(P>0.05)。C IN组、鳞癌组、对照组的p53阳性率分别为19.1%(9/47)、26.2%(16/61)、3.7%(2/54)。C IN组、鳞癌组、对照组的M DM 2阳性率分别为14.9%(7/47)、26.2%(16/61)、7.4%(4/54)。C IN组和鳞癌组的p53阳性率均显著高于对照组(P值均<0.05),C IN组与鳞癌组比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。M DM 2阳性率鳞癌组显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而在C IN组和鳞癌组之间、C IN组和对照组之间差异均无显著性(P值均>0.05)。在本实验各组中,p53与M DM 2之间的阳性率均无统计学相关(P值均>0.05)。p53阳性率和HPV 16/18感染之间差异无显著性(P值均>0.05),而M DM 2的阳性率与HPV 16/18感染仅在子宫颈鳞癌组呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论C IN及子宫颈鳞癌与HPV 16/18感染关系密切;p53和M DM 2均参与子宫颈癌及癌前病变的发生,但p53的突变、M DM 2的扩增和过表达均不占主导地位。

胃粘膜异型增生的PCNA、P^(53)和C-erbB-2表达及其诊断价值

应用免疫组化SP方法，对65例异型增生胃粘膜PCNA（PC10）、CerbB－2（PAb1）和P53蛋白进行了测定。胃粘膜异型增生Ⅰ级PCNA平均指数22．34％，Ⅱ级32．58％，Ⅲ级46．08％，各组间比较差异有显著性（P＜0．01），PCNA平均指数与异型增生病理分级间有很好地相关性（r＝0．966，P＜0．0005）；Ⅰ、Ⅱ级异型增生无P(53)和C－erbB－2蛋白表达，Ⅲ级中P(53)蛋白阳性8例（32％），C－erbB－2蛋白阳性7例（28％）。本文还就PCNA指数和P(53)、C－erbB－2蛋白表达的意义进行了讨论。

星形细胞瘤中P^（53）蛋白和PCNA免疫组化的定量研究

应用免疫组化和图像定量分析技术，对２１例星形细胞瘤中Ｐ５３蛋白和增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）的定位、分布面积及相对含量进行图像定量和病理学研究。结果显示：Ｐ５３蛋白、ＰＣＮＡ阳性表达的分布面积，相对含量变化均与星形细胞瘤恶性程度及分级呈正比；Ｐ５３蛋白与ＰＣＮＡ在星形细胞瘤不同恶性程度和不同分级中的变化呈平行关系。Ｐ５３蛋白和ＰＣＮＡ阳性表达的分布面积及相对含量变化，在星形细胞瘤Ⅰ级与Ⅱ级各参数间均有显著差异（Ｐ＜００５）；Ⅱ级与Ⅲ级各参数间均有极显著差异（Ｐ＜００１）。Ｐ５３蛋白和ＰＣＮＡ分布面积与相对含量均可较客观评价星形细胞瘤恶性程度。图像分析系统的综合分析为肿瘤诊断。

P^(53)、C-erbB-2和PCNA在子宫内膜增生过长和子宫内膜癌中的表达及意义

目的 :了解抑癌基因 P5 3、癌基因 C- erb B- 2和增殖细胞核抗原 (PCNA )在子宫内膜增生过长和子宫内膜癌中的存在状况及意义。方法 :用 P5 3、C- erb B- 2和 PCNA抗体对 5 0例子宫内膜癌和 2 0例子宫内膜增生过长手术标本进行 S- P免疫组化检测 ,分析表达率与病理分级的关系。结果 :P5 3、C- erb B- 2和 PCNA在子宫内膜癌组中的表达分别为 5 4%、 5 6 %和72 % ,均高于子宫内膜增生过长组。P5 3、C- erb B- 2和 PCNA均随内膜癌的恶性程度增高而呈增高趋势 ,P5 3和 PCNA的 级表达明显高于 级 (P <0 .0 1)。研究结果提示 :子宫内膜癌的发生与 P5 3和 C- erb B- 2基因蛋白的过度表达或突变及 PCNA的过度表达有关 ;P5 3、C- erb B- 2和 PCNA之间可能有相互协同作用 ;P5 3、C- erb B- 2和 PCNA表达反映了瘤细胞的分化程度及增殖情况 ,因而可作为子宫内膜癌的诊断、鉴别诊断及预后的参考指标之一。

P^(53)、PCNA在甲状腺肿瘤中的表达及DNA含量分析

目的 研究甲状腺良恶性肿瘤中的P53蛋白及PCNA的表达 ,并对肿瘤细胞的DNA含量、倍体进行分析。方法 利用免疫组织化学方法检测甲状腺瘤细胞的P53蛋白及PCNA ,并用图像分析系统进行DNA倍体分析。结果 甲状腺恶性肿瘤细胞的P53蛋白、PCNA计数及DNA非整倍体率均显著高于良性肿瘤 ,且它们之间俩俩呈正相关。结论 P53基因突变在甲状腺肿瘤发生中有重要意义 ,结合P53蛋白、PCNA及DNA含量可以充分反映肿瘤细胞增殖活性 ,估计预后 ,为临床提供有意义的资料。

结肠良恶性病变C-erbB-2、PCNA表达及临床意义

目的 探讨结肠良恶性病变C erbB 2和PCNA表达及临床意义。方法 应用免疫组织化学的方法 (S P法 )检测 6 4例结肠癌和 44例结肠良性病变的C erbB 2癌基因产物和PCNA的表达情况。结果 C erbB 2和PCNA在结肠癌、结肠腺瘤和正常肠粘膜的阳性表达率分别为 5 3 12 % (34 6 4)、2 0 .0 0 % (4 2 0 )、16 .6 6 % (4 2 4)和 71.87% (46 6 4)、5 0 0 0 % (10 2 0 )、33.33% (8 2 4)。其中C erbB 2的表达在结肠癌与腺瘤及正常肠粘膜间均有极显著差异 (P <0 0 1) ;PCNA在结肠癌与结肠腺瘤间无显著差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ,与正常肠粘膜有极显著差异P <0 0 1)。C erbB 2和PCNA在合并后的Dukes分期 (A、B与C、D期 )中的阳性表达率分别为 34 .6 1% (9 2 6 )、6 5 .78% (2 5 38)和 5 3.84% (14 2 6 )、84.2 1%(32 38) ,差异均有显著意义 (P分别 <0 0 5和 <0 0 1)。C erbB 2和PCNA的表达呈显著正相关关系 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 C erbB 2和PCNA在结肠癌和腺瘤恶变的发生和发展中发挥重要作用 ,其免疫组化测定将有助于结肠良恶性病变的鉴别诊断和临床分期。

涎腺腺样囊性癌中P_(53)、PCNA评分和Bcl-2表达与病理分型及相关研究

目的探讨涎腺腺样囊性癌(ACC)中P53、增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)和Bcl-2表达与病理分型及相关关系。方法采用免疫组化SP法对47例癌组织中P53蛋白、PCNA、Bcl-2检测。结果癌组织中P53阳性表达23例(4894%),PCNA评分均数为2400±0870(x±s),Bcl-2蛋白阳性表达23例(4894%)。筛孔型和腺管型癌组织中P53阳性表达率和PCNA评分均低于实性型(P<005)。Bcl-2在筛孔型和腺管型癌组织中阳性表达率高于实性型(P<005)。癌组织中P53和PCNA表达呈正相关(P<005),P53与Bcl-2表达呈负相关(P<005),PCNA和Bcl-2表达无相关关系(P>005)。结论P53、PCNA、Bcl-2表达与腺样囊性癌组织分化程度和恶性度有关,P53和PCNA共同表达其预后可能较差。

食管鳞癌P_(53)蛋白及PCNA的表达意义

目的 :观察癌细胞增殖活性与癌分化及分级的关系 ,探讨 P5 3及 PCNA在食管鳞癌诊断中的意义。方法 :用免疫组化 L SAB法检测 10 0例食管鳞癌标本中 P5 3蛋白及 PCNA的表达。同时用 10例正常皮肤作对照。结果 :P5 3蛋白阳性表达细胞数与癌分级呈正相关。 PCNA的表达强度与食管鳞癌的分化程度成反比。 P5 3表达与 PCNA表达呈平行关系。结论 :P5 3蛋白及 PCNA的表达强度可反映食管鳞癌的增殖活力和转移能力。可作为判断肿瘤发生可能性的标志物 ,在食管鳞癌的早期诊断中具有重要意义。