Telomerase Activity in Human Renal Cell Carcinoma with Reference to Clinicopathologic Features

Objective: To study the telomerase activity in human renal cell carcinoma and to evaluate the correlation with the clinicobiologic features of the neogrowth.Methods: The telomerase activity was studied by means of a modified telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) in 32 renal cell carcinoma tissues, 32 normal renal tissues and 32 paracancer tissues and its correlation with the clinicopathologic features of the tumor was evaluated.Results: Telomerase activity was strongly positive in 17, positive in 12 and negative in 3 cases of renal cell carcinoma tissues, the total positive rate being 91%. Telomerase activity was weakly positive (6%) in only 2 out of 32 samples of normal renal cortex tissues and positive in 6 paracancer tissues (19%), the difference was conspicuous (P<0.01).Conclusion: The positive rate of telomerase activity was significantly higher in renal cell carcinoma tissues and might serve as a prognostic marker for estimating the biologic characteristics of renal cell carcinoma.

Effect of heparin on apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE2 cells

In order to study the mechanism of the effect of heparin on apoptosis in carcinoma cells, the nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE2 was used to identify the effect of heparin on apoptosis associated with the expression of c-myc, bax, bcl-2 proteins by use of Hoechst 33258 staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL), agarose gel electrophoresis, and flow cytometry, as well as Western blot analysis. The results showed that heparin induced apoptosis of CNE2 cells including the morphologic changes such as reduction in the volume, and the nuclear chromatin condensation, as well as the 'ladder pattern' revealed by agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA in a concentration-dependent manner. The number of TUNEL-positive cells was dramatically increased to 33.6+/-1.2% from 2.8+/-0.3% by treatment with heparin in different concentrations (10 to approximately 40 kU/L). The apoptotic index was increased to 32.5% from 3.5% by detecting SubG1 peaks on flow cytometry. Western blot analysis showed that levels of bcl-2, bax and c-myc were significantly overexpressed by treatment with the increase of heparin concentrations. These results suggest that heparin induces apoptosis of CNE2 cells, which may be regulated by differential expression of apoptosis-related genes.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF TELOMERASE ACTIVITY AND PERIPHERAL VENOUS BLOOD CK-20 EXPRESSION IN BLADDER TRANSITIONAL CELL CARCINOMA

Objective: The relationship between peripheral blood CK-20 mRNA expression and tissue telomerase activity in bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TCCB) was investigated to evaluate the feasibility of their combined detection in early-stage diagnosis and prognosis estimation of TCCB. Methods: the blood CK-20 was detected by semi-nested RT-PCR and telomerase activity in tumor tissue was examined with silver-stained TRAP reaction. Results: the blood CK-20 expression and tissue telomerase activity in TCCB were 41% and 93% respectively. No statistical significance was detected among pathological grading and clinical staging (P>0.05). Positive correlation was shown between CK-20 expression and telomerase activity with the pathologic grade or clinical stage. Conclusion: combined use of blood CK-20 and tissue telomerase activity detections might be of great importance for clinical diagnosis, treatment and prognosis evaluation.

Pretreatment platelet count improves the prognostic performance of the TNM staging system and aids in planning therapeutic regimens for nasopharyngeal carcinoma:a singleinstitutional study of 2,626 patients

Introduction:Thrombocytosis has been identified as an unfavorable prognostic factor in several types of cancer.This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of pretreatment platelet count in association with the TNM staging system and therapeutic regimens in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).Methods:A total of 2,626 patients with NPC were retrospectively analyzed.Platelet count >300 × 10~9/L was defined as thrombocytosis.Matched-pair analysis was performed between patients receiving chemoradiotherapy and radiotherapy.Results:Multivariate analysis showed that platelet count was an independent unfavorable prognostic factor for overall survival(OS)[hazard ratio(HR) = 1.810,95%confidence interval(CI) = 1.531-2.140,P < 0.001]and distant metastasis-free survival(DMFS)(HR = 1.873,95%CI = 1.475-2.379,P < 0.001) in the entire patient cohort.Further subgroup analysis revealed that increased platelet count was an independent unfavorable prognostic factor for OS and DMFS in patients with NPC stratified by early and advanced T category,N category,or TNM classification(all P < 0.001).Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves verified that the predictive value of TNM classification for OS was improved when combined with pretreatment platelet count(P = 0.030).Matched-pair analysis showed that chemoradiotherapy significantly improved OS only in advanced-stage NPC with thrombocytosis(HR = 0.416,95%CI = 0.226-0.765,P = 0.005).Conclusions:Pretreatment platelet count,when combined with TNM classification,is a useful indicator for metastasis and survival in patients with NPC.It may improve the predictive value of the TNM classification and help to identify patients likely to benefit from more aggressive therapeutic regimens.

The prognostic molecular markers in hepatocellular carcinoma

The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still remains dismal, although many advances in its clinical study have been made. It is important for tumor control to identify the factors that predispose patients to death. With new discoveries in cancer biology, the pathological and biological prognostic factors of HCC have been studied quite extensively. Analyzing molecular markers (biomarkers) with prognostic significance is a complementary method. A large number of molecular factors have been shown to associate with the invasiveness of HCC, and have potential prognostic significance. One important aspect is the analysis of molecular markers for the cellular malignancy phenotype. These include alterations in DNA ploidy, cellular proliferation markers (PCNA, Ki-67, Mcm2, MIB1, MIA, and CSE1L/CAS protein), nuclear morphology, the p53 gene and its related molecule MD M2, other cell cycle regulators (cyclin A, cyclin D, cyclin E, cdc2, p27, p73), oncogenes and their receptors (such as ras, c-myc, c-fms, HGF, c-met, and erb-B receptor family members), apoptosis related factors (Fas and FasL), as well as telomerase activity. Another important aspect is the analysis of molecular markers involved in the process of cancer invasion and metastasis. Adhesion molecules (E-cadherin, catenins, serum intercellular adhesion molecule-1, CD44 variants), proteinases involved in the degradation of extracellular matrix (MMP-2, MMP-9, uPA, uPAR, PAI), as well as other molecules have been regarded as biomarkers for the malignant phenotype of HCC, and are related to prognosis and therapeutic outcomes. Tumor angiogenesis is critical to both the growth and metastasis of cancers including HCC, and has drawn much attention in recent years. Many angiogenesis-related markers, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF), thrombospondin (TSP), angiogenin, pleiotrophin, and endostatin (ES) levels, as well as intratumor microvessel density (MVD) have been evaluated and found to be of prognostic significance. Body fluid (particularly blood and urinary) testing for biomarkers is easily accessible and useful in clinical patients. The prognostic significance of circulating DNA in plasma or serum, and its genetic alterations in HCC are other important trends. More attention should be paid to these two areas in future. As the progress of the human genome project advances, so does a clearer understanding of tumor biology, and more and more new prognostic markers with high sensitivity and specificity will be found and used in clinical assays. However, the combination of some items, i.e., the pathological features and some biomarkers mentioned above, seems to be more practical for now.

Advances in BRAF gene mutations in papillary thyroid carcinoma

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine system tumor.Ultrasound guided fine needle puncture(FNA)can identify benign and malignant thyroid nodules.However,due to the limitation of cytological detection,some thyroid nodules are difficult to distinguish benign and malignant.BRAF gene mutation is a common human oncogenic mutation and the highest mutation frequency in papillary thyroid carcinoma.The combination of FNA and BRAF gene detection can significantly improve the diagnostic rate of benign and malignant thyroid nodules and make up for the deficiency of single diagnosis of cytology.Moreover,while the incidence of thyroid cancer is growing rapidly worldwide,its mortality remains stable.The problem of overdiagnosis and overtreatment of thyroid cancer is becoming more and more obvious.However,due to the limitations of current studies on BRAF genes,its prognostic value for papillary thyroid carcinoma remains controversial.Therefore,in order to reduce the adverse effects of overdiagnosis and treatment,the relationship between gene and tumor biological behavior needs further study in the future.

A comprehensive review and characterization of nasopharyngeal carcinoma clinical trials

Objective:Although standard of care for primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)is chemoradiotherapy,there remains no consensus on management of recurrent or metastatic disease.We characterized recent clinical trials on NPC to assess trends in NPC treatment and establish promising areas for future research.Study Design:Retrospective database study.Setting:ClinicalTrials.gov database.Methods:Retrospective review of all NPC trials from November 1999 to June 2021.For each study,the following variables were extracted:study characteristics,intervention,outcome measures,and inclusion criteria.Secondary searches via PubMed and Google scholar determined trial publication status.Results:A total of 448 clinical trials were identified:72(16%)observational and 376(84%)interventional,of which there were 30(8%)Phase I,183(49%)Phase II,86 Phase III(23%),and 5(1%)Phase IV trials.Fifty-four percent of trials included only primary NPC while 111(25%)exclusively studied recurrent cancers.The most common interventions were cisplatin(n=64)and intensity modulated radiation therapy(n=54);there were 38 trials involving PD-1 monoclonal antibodies.Thirty-four studies examined quality of life measures,including xerostomia and mucositis.Of the completed studies,53.2%have published manuscripts.Poor patient accrual was the most common reason for premature study termination.Conclusions:Novel immunotherapies have been increasingly incorporated into NPC studies in recent years,however,chemotherapy and radiation,despite their numerous side effects,are still widely used due to their clinical effectiveness.Future trials are warranted to determine the optimal therapeutic regimens to decrease relapse rates and side effects.

Expression of telomerase and its RNA in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Objective To study the activity of telomerase and the expression of its RNA in nasopharyneal carcinoma (NPC) and HNE 1 cell lines of NPC Methods Telomerase activity was detected with telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) PCR ELISA kit in 41 cases of NPC, 14 cases of tissues adjacent to the carcinoma, and 19 cases of chronic nasopharyngitis, HNE 1 cell lines of NPC, HL60 cell lines of leukemia, TUL 1 cell lines of lung cancer, as well as three other kinds of normal control cells The sensitivity and specificity of telomerase assay were also analyzed Moreover, the expression of human telomerase RNA (hTR) was studied in 27 cases of NPC, 19 cases of adjacent nasopharyngeal tissues, and 17 cases of control groups by RT nested PCR Results The telomerase activity was found increased in NPC and in tissues adjacent to NPC with absorbance value (A value) of 1 15?U±0 78?U and 1 04?U±0 67?U respectively, compared with chronic nasopharyngitis (A=0 18?U±0 09?U) In NPC with cervical lymphnodes involvement the telomerase acitivity (A=1 25?U±0 79?U) was higher than in those without involvement (A=1 02?U±0 71?U), P <0 05 The telomerase activity was also observed in HNE 1 cell lines (A=1 26?U±0 97?U) and in other two kinds of cancer cell lines, but not in the three kinds of normal control cells By contrast, no significant difference was seen in the expression of hTR among the three nasopharyngeal biopsy groups ( P >0 05) Finally, the sensitivity of telomerase assay was high (at an amount of 10 2 HNE 1 cells), and the specificity was also high (after inactivation by heat or RNase, the telomerase activity was very low) Conclusions A high frequency of telomerase activity is commonly seen in NPC, adjacent nasopharyngeal tissues, and HNE 1 cell lines and is closely associated with NPC with cervical lymphnodes involvement Both sensitivity and specificity of the telomerase assay are high However, owing to the fact that the expression of hTR has no obvious difference between NPC and normal tissues and does not always correspond with the telomerase activity, it would be better to do TRAP as well as hTR assays for the activity and expression in assessing the carcinogenesis of NPC So, more intensive study on the role of hTR in the carcinogenesis of NPC and on the exact relationship between hTR and telomerase is needed

Telomerase activity analysis of esophageal carcinoma using microdissection-TRAP assay

OBJECTIVES: To investigate telomerase activity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and its preneoplasia lesions, and to study the relationships between telomerase activity and cancer differentiation, cancer invasiveness, and lymphatic metastasis. METHODS: Telomerase activity in esophageal SCC tissues, adjacent dysplasia tissues and normal epithelia from the surgical edge were assessed by microdissection-TRAP (telomeric repeat amplification protocol)-silver staining assay. RESULTS: Telomerase activity was detected in 37 (82.2%) of 45 esophageal tumors, 23 (79.3%) of 29 dysplasias, and 2 (5%) of 40 normal epithelia. There was a significant difference in activity between dysplasia and normal epithelium, as well as between tumor and normal epithelium. Twenty-six (92.9%) of 28 tumors with lymphatic metastasis had detectable telomerase activity compared to 11 (64.7%) of 17 non-lymphatic metastasis tumors. These relationships were statistically significant (P

Optimization of magnetic resonance sequences in lymph node staging of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Background Detection rate of retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC） needs to be improved. The purpose of this study was to compare three magnetic resonance （MR） sequences for detecting lymph nodes in patients with NPC. Methods Between July 2007 and March 2008, MR staging of pre-treated tumor was conducted on 120 patients with pathologically confirmed NPC. The outcome of three different sequences for MR NPC staging were compared： coronal short T1 inversion recovery （STIR）, axial proton density fat-suppressed （PDWI fs）, and coronal contrast enhanced fast spin echo T1 weighted fat-suppressed （CE FSE TlWl fs）. Nodal classification method （1999） was applied to count the number of retropharyngeal and cervical lymph nodes discovered by each MR sequence. Paired t tests were used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 2575 lymph nodes were found using coronal STIR sequence; 1816 lymph nodes for coronal CE FSE TIWI fs sequence and 2638 lymph nodes for axial PDWl fs sequence. Significant differences existed in the number of lymph nodes detected by axial PDWI fs and coronal CE FSE T1WI fs sequence （paired t test, P 〈0.05）, with the former sequence getting higher numbers. Statistical differences also existed between coronal STIR and coronal CE FSE TlWl fs sequence （paired ttest, P 〈0.05）, with the former sequence getting higher numbers. No significant difference was found between coronal STIR sequence and axial PDWI fs sequence （paired ttest, P 〉0.05）. Conclusions For the detection of retropharyngeal and cervical lymph nodes, coronal STIR sequence and axial PDWI fs sequence have similar performance and both sequences showed better detection than CE FSE TIWI fs sequence. Furthermore, by combining coronal STIR sequence and axial PDWI fs sequence, we can improve the detection of lymph nodes in NPC N-staging before treatment, especially for lymph nodes located in the thoracic entrance.

EBV相关肿瘤和健康人群BALF2基因序列分析

目的探讨BALF2基因的多态性及其分布特征与EB病毒(EBV)相关肿瘤发生发展的关系。方法采用巢式PCR结合DNA测序的方法,对349例EBV阳性标本进行DNA序列分析,利用Lasergene软件将其与EBV标准株B95-8序列进行比对,并生成系统发生树,对基因变异型进行分类。结果根据系统发生树将BALF2分为5个基因型BALF2-A、BALF2-B、BALF2-C、BALF2-D和BALF2-E。其中,BALF2-E在鼻咽癌中的检出率高于健康人群,中国南方鼻咽癌人群BALF2-E的检出率高于北方鼻咽癌人群(χ2=10.26,P<0.01)。结论BALF2基因存在多态性,其变异类型分布与肿瘤类型、地域有关,BALF2-E亚型与鼻咽癌发生相关。

The Comparison of Diagnostic Significance of Narrow Band Imaging in Contrast of White Light Endoscopy in the Assessment of Nasopharyngeal Cancer

Background: Narrow band imaging (NBI) is reported to improve the diagnostic importance of nasopharyngeal cancer. The purpose of this review was to evaluate the diagnostic significance of NBI in the literature and compare it to the conventional white light endoscopy. The use of narrow band imaging (NBI) and further technological achievements concerning the resolution and magnification of endoscopic images have in the past 15 years. With the use of NBI, superficial mucosal lesions, which may be missed by standard WLI endoscopy, can be identified easily by their neoangiogenic pattern. Objective:?To assess diagnostic value of the narrow band imaging and white light endoscopy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and compare diagnostic values (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value) with white light endoscopy. Search Methods: From 2010 to 2020, data was searched from electronic databases such as PubMed, web of science. We used narrow band imaging as a key word accordance with diagnostic modalities such as sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV and data were collected. Results: We have found mainly 6 studies have discussed about diagnostic value of endoscopy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the total of 2746 suspected patients. Among them, 5 studies have compared diagnostic values such as sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value between NBI and WLE. Among 5 studies, 4 studies have found higher sensitivity in NBI, 2 studies found higher 1 equal to WLE specificity in NBI. 3 studies have compared PPV and NPV between NBI and WLE. Among them, all the studies found higher PPV and NPV in NBI than WLE. Conclusion: Recently?developed narrow band imaging has a great significance in the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Although NBI has also encountered some problem such as contact bleeding and darker image. So, further evaluation should be done.

基于IMRT同步放化疗方案治疗局部晚期鼻咽癌不良预后危险因素及预测模型构建

目的探讨基于调强放疗(IMRT)同步放化疗方案治疗局部晚期鼻咽癌不良预后危险因素并构建预测模型,为临床诊疗方案优化及预后改善提供更多参考。方法收集2012年1月~2017年12月梅州市人民医院接受基于IMRT同步放化疗方案治疗局部晚期鼻咽癌患者190例,分析临床特征资料和随访生存情况,采用单因素和多因素评价患者不良预后独立危险因素;基于独立危险因素构建列线图模型并评价模型预后预测效能。结果190例患者随访过程中死亡26例,累积1年、3年及5年总生存率分别为97.4%、90.7%、87.0%。单因素分析结果显示,年龄、淋巴细胞与单核细胞绝对值比值、乳酸脱氢酶、颅底侵犯、N分级及辅助化疗情况均与局部晚期鼻咽癌不良预后有关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,乳酸脱氢酶水平≥185 IU/L、颅底侵犯及N3均是局部晚期鼻咽癌不良预后独立危险因素(P<0.05)。将多因素分析有统计学意义指标纳入局部晚期鼻咽癌患者总生存时间列线图模型,患者总生存时间列线图模型用于累积1年、3年及5年总生存时间C-index为0.84(95%CI:0.72~0.86),总生存时间预测AUC分别为0.87(95%CI:0.75~0.93)、0.90(95%CI:0.79~0.96)、0.85(95%CI:0.80~0.98)。结论接受基于IMRT同步放化疗方案治疗局部晚期鼻咽癌患者不良预后可能与乳酸脱氢酶水平、有无颅底侵犯及N分级等密切相关,而根据上述预后因素构建线列图模型在预测患者随访总生存时间方面具有良好效能。

外周血循环肿瘤细胞和EB病毒-DNA对鼻咽癌患者根治性放化疗后复发转移的评估价值

目的 探讨外周血循环肿瘤细胞(circulating tumor cells,CTCs)和EB病毒(EBV)-DNA对鼻咽癌患者根治性放化疗后复发转移的评估价值。方法 纳入2015年1月-2017年1月在广西壮族自治区桂东人民医院首次接受根治性放化疗鼻咽癌患者160例,利用抗体标记和流式细胞仪联合方法,分别检测患者治疗前后外周血CTCs数量和EBV-DNA拷贝数,且治疗后随访5年,对包括治疗前后CTCs和EBV-DNA在内的预后因子进行Cox单因素和多因素分析,绘制两者预测鼻咽癌患者根治性放化疗后复发转移的ROC曲线,进一步分析其预测效能,采用Kaplan-Meier法分别绘制CTCs阳性和CTCs阴性两组以及EBV-DNA阳性和EBV-DNA阴性两组患者生存曲线,探索CTCs及EBV-DNA与接受根治性放化疗鼻咽癌患者后复发转移的关系。结果 本研究所有患者经临床病理影像学评估美国癌症联合委员会(AJCC)分期为Ⅲ-Ⅳa期,接受根治性放化疗后随访5年。5年内复发转移患者74例,未复发转移患者86例,Cox单因素分析结果显示,年龄、T分级、N分级、AJCC分期、CTCs(治疗后)及EBV-DNA(治疗后)6个指标与鼻咽癌患者根治性放化疗后5年内复发转移可能相关(P<0.05),校正和控制混杂变量后AJCC分期、CTCs(治疗后)及EBV-DNA(治疗后)是影响鼻咽癌患者根治性放化疗后复发转移独立预测因素[HR(95%CI)=5.356(4.817-5.864)、2.425(2.117-2.835)、1.624(1.345-1.975)],CTCs及EBV-DNA预测鼻咽癌患者根治性放化疗后复发转移的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)分别为[0.786(95%CI=0.735-0.855)]、[0.759(95%CI=0.721-0.841)],两者联合预测的AUC为[0.912(95%CI=0.875-0.945)]。Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示,治疗后CTCs阴性患者根治性放化疗后1年、3年、5年无病生存率分别为100%、92.4%、77.2%,明显高于治疗后CTCs阳性患者无病生存率,分别为78.5%、72.6%、48.5%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.789,P=0.009)。治疗后EBV-DNA阴性患者根治性放化疗后1年、3年、5年无病生存率分别为100%、81.5%、78.7%,明显高于治疗后EBV-DNA阳性患者无病生存率,分别为78.5%、52.3%、52.3%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.891,P=0.021)。结论 治疗后的CTCs和EBV-DNA可用于评估鼻咽癌患者根治性放疗后的复发转移风险。

鼻咽部小细胞癌

鼻咽部小细胞癌（small cell carcinoma,SCC）分化低,恶性程度高,预后差。我科于2000～2003年诊治3例报道如下。

鼻咽癌漏诊1例

1临床资料 患者,女,72岁,因鼻塞、流脓涕10年,加重伴左耳闷、听力下降1年,以鼻中隔偏曲、慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉收治入院。10年前患者感冒后出现鼻塞、流脓涕,鼻塞呈间隙性伴有头痛,无嗅觉减退,无听力下降,无耳鸣,无发热等不适。10年来鼻塞、流脓涕反复发作,每次均发作于感冒、疲劳后。

益气解毒颗粒对大鼠鼻咽癌变中端粒酶和端粒酶RNA表达的影响

目的 :探讨中药复方益气解毒颗粒防治鼻咽癌的作用机制。方法 :用二亚硝基哌嗪 (DNP)诱导大鼠鼻咽癌动物模型 ,观察益气解毒颗粒对大鼠鼻咽癌变中病理形态改变以及端粒酶和端粒酶RNA表达的影响。定期分批处死大鼠 ,取鼻咽组织作病理学检测 ,用PCR -ELISA和NestedRT -PCR法检测大鼠鼻咽组织端粒酶的活性和端粒酶RNA的表达。结果 :灌服益气解毒颗粒大鼠鼻咽癌发癌率 0 (0 /5 ) ,明显低于盐水对照组 80 % (4/5 ) (包括原位癌和浸润癌 ) ;其端粒酶活性为 0 2 4± 0 11,也明显低于对照组 0 93± 0 2 3(P <0 .0 5 ) ;维甲酸组发病率为 0 (0 /5 ) ,端粒酶活性为 0 2 7± 0 13;各组端粒酶RNA均为阳性。维甲酸组大鼠于 2 15～ 30 8d间逐步死亡。结论 :益气解毒颗粒能阻断DNP诱导大鼠鼻咽癌变 。

鼻咽癌病人端粒酶表达的研究

目的：研究端粒酶（ＴＬＭＡ）在鼻咽癌（ＮＰＣ）中的表达。方法：采用ＴＲＡＰＰＣＲＥＬＩＳＡ法探讨１８例ＮＰＣ，２例放疗后ＮＰＣ，４例癌旁组织及４例慢性鼻咽炎鼻咽部活检组织中ＴＬＭＡ表达。结果：１８例ＮＰＣＴＬＭＡ阳性率为８８．９％。４例癌旁组织阳性率为７５．０％，慢性鼻咽炎全部为阴性。１例复发性ＮＰＣ为阳性，１例疗后未复发为阴性。ＴＬＭＡ表达与ＮＰＣ分期、颈淋巴结转移似无明显关系。

鼻咽癌组织端粒酶各组分基因表达的研究

目的：探讨端粒酶各组分基因在鼻咽癌（ nasopharyngeal carcinoma,NPC）组织及鼻咽慢性炎症粘膜（ chronic inflammation of nasopharyngeal epithelium,CINE）组织中的表达情况。方法：利用 RT-PCR方法检测鼻咽癌组织及鼻咽慢性炎症粘膜组织端粒酶各组分基因（ hTR、 TP1 mRNA和 hTERT mRNA）的表达。结果： 43例 NPC组织中， hTR、 TP1 mRNA和 hTERT mRNA表达阳性率分别为 90.7％、 88.4％和 88.4％； 16例 CINE组织中 ,hTR、 TP1 mRNA和 hTERT mRNA表达阳性率为 87.5％、 87.5％和 0％；仅 hTERT mRNA在鼻咽癌组织中的表达显著高于鼻咽慢性炎症粘膜组织中的表达，而 hTR或 TP1 mRNA在鼻咽癌组织中的表达和鼻咽慢性炎症粘膜组织中的表达无明显差异。表明 hTR和 TP1 mRNA广泛存在于鼻咽癌和鼻咽慢性炎症粘膜组织中，而 hTERT mRNA仅在鼻咽癌组织中表达。结论： hTERT mRNA可能在端粒酶活性调节中起重要作用； hTERT mRNA的表达水平，可作为鼻咽癌诊断指标之一。