Objective: To relate cardiovascular risk factor knowledge to lifestyle. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, food consumption and lifestyle characteristics were recorded using mailed questionnaires. The dietary pat...Objective: To relate cardiovascular risk factor knowledge to lifestyle. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, food consumption and lifestyle characteristics were recorded using mailed questionnaires. The dietary pattern was described using the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS). An open ended questionnaire without predefined choices or answers was used to capture cardiovascular knowledge. Results: Lack of physical activity, smoking and eating too much fat were the 3 most cited potential cardiovascular risk factors, while being overweight, eating too much salt and a low consumption of fruits and vegetables were the least cited risk factors. Age, Body Mass Index, physical activity, smoking, income and dietary habits were not consistently associated with knowledge of risk factors. A low socioeconomic position as measured by the indicator education was associated with a lower knowledge of established and modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusions: Risk factor knowledge, an essential step in prevention of CVD, is not systematically associated with a healthier lifestyle. The findings of this study confirm that there is a gap between risk factor knowledge and lifestyle.展开更多
The Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH) stands out among the chronic non-transmissible pathologies that impact the cause and/or aggravation of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) on a global level, as the disease is an und...The Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH) stands out among the chronic non-transmissible pathologies that impact the cause and/or aggravation of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) on a global level, as the disease is an underestimated disorder due to non-perceptive symptoms and associated with factors and risk markers of another CVD. Therefore, establishing the risk of progression and aggravation of the SAH, according the Framingham Risk Score (FRS), allows to reducing morbidity and improving preventative measures for DCVs. This observational and transversal study approaches the data collection of patient records at the Health Family Strategy of Senhor do Bonfim, BA, which established differences by descriptive and inferential statistical analysis (correlation and regression). The aspects of hypertension associated with risk factors for atherosclerosis were analyzed, determining the risk of developing cardiovascular events in 10 years by FRS. From 432 families, 746 patients were selected, of which 340 are hypertensive individuals (SAH = 45.57%) and 406 (NSAH = 54.42%) non-hypertensives. Among the SAH the majority (31.17%) was in the age range of 63 - 77, but, in both groups, women were in stronger number. There was greater prevalence in SAH for all the characteristics analyzed, smoking (13.20%), sedentary (29.41%) and cardiovascular accident (22.60%). The SAH group is more susceptive to the CVD progress in 10 years by FRS (P < 0.0001 ANOVA). In the NSAH group, there were significant associations among all the variables analyzed as was expected, without differences between the linear correlation and regression, indicating the physio-metabolic equilibrium of the factors and markers evaluated by FRS. Already in SAH group, despite the correlations have been significant too, the regression analysis revealed that only Total Cholesterol (P = 0.0086);LDL (P < 0.0001), Glucose (P < 0.0006) and Age (P < 0.0001) have significative association with FRS. So, these factors and markers deserve more attention upon the health staff of Health Family Strategy, in the SAH course at studied population, attempt the highest cardiovascular risk by FRS (2.5 to 2.8 times) to SAH. The monitoring of high-risk patients should prioritize the lifestyle changes, employing preventive measures to SAH and CVD and atherosclerosis.展开更多
South Asians(SA)are at higher cardiovascular risk than other ethnic groups,and SA kidney transplant recipients(SA KTR)are no exception.SA KTR experience increased major adverse cardiovascular events both early and lat...South Asians(SA)are at higher cardiovascular risk than other ethnic groups,and SA kidney transplant recipients(SA KTR)are no exception.SA KTR experience increased major adverse cardiovascular events both early and late posttransplantation.Cardiovascular risk management should therefore begin well before transplantation.SA candidates may require aggressive screening for pretransplant cardiovascular disease(CVD)due to their ethnicity and comorbidities.Recording SA ethnicity during the pre-transplant evaluation may enable programs to better assess cardiovascular risk,thus allowing for earlier targeted periand post-transplant intervention to improve cardiovascular outcomes.Diabetes remains the most prominent post-transplant cardiovascular risk factor in SA KTR.Diabetes also clusters with other metabolic syndrome components including lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,higher triglycerides,hypertension,and central obesity in this population.Dyslipidemia,metabolic syndrome,and obesity are all significant CVD risk factors in SA KTR,and contribute to increased insulin resistance.Novel biomarkers such as adiponectin,apolipoprotein B,and lipoprotein(a)may be especially important to study in SA KTR.Focused interventions to improve health behaviors involving diet and exercise may especially benefit SA KTR.However,there are few interventional clinical trials specific to the SA population,and none are specific to SA KTR.In all cases,understanding the nuances of managing SA KTR as a distinct post-transplant group,while still screening for and managing each CVD risk factor individually in all patients may help improve the long-term success of all kidney transplant programs catering to multi-ethnic populations.展开更多
文摘Objective: To relate cardiovascular risk factor knowledge to lifestyle. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, food consumption and lifestyle characteristics were recorded using mailed questionnaires. The dietary pattern was described using the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS). An open ended questionnaire without predefined choices or answers was used to capture cardiovascular knowledge. Results: Lack of physical activity, smoking and eating too much fat were the 3 most cited potential cardiovascular risk factors, while being overweight, eating too much salt and a low consumption of fruits and vegetables were the least cited risk factors. Age, Body Mass Index, physical activity, smoking, income and dietary habits were not consistently associated with knowledge of risk factors. A low socioeconomic position as measured by the indicator education was associated with a lower knowledge of established and modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusions: Risk factor knowledge, an essential step in prevention of CVD, is not systematically associated with a healthier lifestyle. The findings of this study confirm that there is a gap between risk factor knowledge and lifestyle.
文摘The Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH) stands out among the chronic non-transmissible pathologies that impact the cause and/or aggravation of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) on a global level, as the disease is an underestimated disorder due to non-perceptive symptoms and associated with factors and risk markers of another CVD. Therefore, establishing the risk of progression and aggravation of the SAH, according the Framingham Risk Score (FRS), allows to reducing morbidity and improving preventative measures for DCVs. This observational and transversal study approaches the data collection of patient records at the Health Family Strategy of Senhor do Bonfim, BA, which established differences by descriptive and inferential statistical analysis (correlation and regression). The aspects of hypertension associated with risk factors for atherosclerosis were analyzed, determining the risk of developing cardiovascular events in 10 years by FRS. From 432 families, 746 patients were selected, of which 340 are hypertensive individuals (SAH = 45.57%) and 406 (NSAH = 54.42%) non-hypertensives. Among the SAH the majority (31.17%) was in the age range of 63 - 77, but, in both groups, women were in stronger number. There was greater prevalence in SAH for all the characteristics analyzed, smoking (13.20%), sedentary (29.41%) and cardiovascular accident (22.60%). The SAH group is more susceptive to the CVD progress in 10 years by FRS (P < 0.0001 ANOVA). In the NSAH group, there were significant associations among all the variables analyzed as was expected, without differences between the linear correlation and regression, indicating the physio-metabolic equilibrium of the factors and markers evaluated by FRS. Already in SAH group, despite the correlations have been significant too, the regression analysis revealed that only Total Cholesterol (P = 0.0086);LDL (P < 0.0001), Glucose (P < 0.0006) and Age (P < 0.0001) have significative association with FRS. So, these factors and markers deserve more attention upon the health staff of Health Family Strategy, in the SAH course at studied population, attempt the highest cardiovascular risk by FRS (2.5 to 2.8 times) to SAH. The monitoring of high-risk patients should prioritize the lifestyle changes, employing preventive measures to SAH and CVD and atherosclerosis.
文摘South Asians(SA)are at higher cardiovascular risk than other ethnic groups,and SA kidney transplant recipients(SA KTR)are no exception.SA KTR experience increased major adverse cardiovascular events both early and late posttransplantation.Cardiovascular risk management should therefore begin well before transplantation.SA candidates may require aggressive screening for pretransplant cardiovascular disease(CVD)due to their ethnicity and comorbidities.Recording SA ethnicity during the pre-transplant evaluation may enable programs to better assess cardiovascular risk,thus allowing for earlier targeted periand post-transplant intervention to improve cardiovascular outcomes.Diabetes remains the most prominent post-transplant cardiovascular risk factor in SA KTR.Diabetes also clusters with other metabolic syndrome components including lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,higher triglycerides,hypertension,and central obesity in this population.Dyslipidemia,metabolic syndrome,and obesity are all significant CVD risk factors in SA KTR,and contribute to increased insulin resistance.Novel biomarkers such as adiponectin,apolipoprotein B,and lipoprotein(a)may be especially important to study in SA KTR.Focused interventions to improve health behaviors involving diet and exercise may especially benefit SA KTR.However,there are few interventional clinical trials specific to the SA population,and none are specific to SA KTR.In all cases,understanding the nuances of managing SA KTR as a distinct post-transplant group,while still screening for and managing each CVD risk factor individually in all patients may help improve the long-term success of all kidney transplant programs catering to multi-ethnic populations.
