BACKGROUND：Studies have demonstrated that carotid atherosclerosis and carotid artery stenosis are closely associated with cognitive impairment in patients with and without clinically evident cerebrovascular disease. ...BACKGROUND：Studies have demonstrated that carotid atherosclerosis and carotid artery stenosis are closely associated with cognitive impairment in patients with and without clinically evident cerebrovascular disease. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the correlation between the degree of pathological changes in carotid atherosclerosis, carotid artery stenosis, and cognitive impairment in patients with acute cerebral infarction through the use of color Doppler imaging. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： The present concurrent, non-randomized, controlled experiment was performed at the Departments of Neurology and Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College between November 2006 and August 2007. PARTICIPANTS： Fifty-five patients with cerebral infarction, consisting of 35 males and 20 females, aged 50–82 years, were admitted to the hospital between November 2006 and August 2007 and recruited for this study. An additional 30 subjects consisting of 18 males and 12 females, aged 47–78 years, that concurrently received a health examination at the same hospital, were also included as normal controls. METHODS： Intima-media thickness （IMT）, plaque shape, size, and echo intensity of all subjects were detected by color Doppler flow imaging. Assessment criteria： IMT 〉 1.0 mm was considered to be intimal thickening, and IMT 〉 1.2 mm was determined to be formed atherosclerotic plaques. In the position of the largest plaque, the degree of carotid artery stenosis was determined by the following formula： （1-cross-sectional area of residual vascular luminal area/vascular cross-sectional area） × 100%. Less than 30% exhibited mild stenosis, 30%-40% moderate stenosis, and 〉 50% severe stenosis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： IMT and the degree of carotid artery stenosis were evaluated by color Doppler flow imaging. The Mini-Mental State Examination （MMSE）, as well as the clinical memory scale, was compared between patients with cerebral infarction and normal controls. RESULTS： In the cerebral infarction group, IMT was increased, the degree of carotid artery stenosis was aggravated, and the MMSE and MQ scores of clinical memory scale were decreased. In particular, orientation of time and place, attention, calculation, and short-time memory were decreased. There were statistically significant differences in MMSE and MQ of clinical memory scale between patients with cerebral infarction and normal controls （P 〈 0.01）. The scores from the two scales were significantly lower in patients with cerebral infarction with carotid plaque subgroup compared to the cerebral infarction with no carotid plaque subgroup （P 〈 0.01）. The scores from the two scales were also significantly lower in patients with IMT 〉 1.0 mm, as well as moderate and severe carotid artery stenosis, compared to patients with IMT ≤ 1.0 mm, and normal and mild stenosis group （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： More severe atherosclerotic and carotid artery stenosis leads to more obvious cognitive impairment.展开更多
Ilexonin A is a compound isolated from the root of Ilex pubescens,a traditional Chinese medicine.Ilexonin A has been shown to play a neuroprotective role by regulating the activation of astrocytes and microglia in the...Ilexonin A is a compound isolated from the root of Ilex pubescens,a traditional Chinese medicine.Ilexonin A has been shown to play a neuroprotective role by regulating the activation of astrocytes and microglia in the peri-infarct area after ischemia.However,the effects of ilexonin A on astrocytes and microglia in the infarct-free region of the hippocampal CA1 region remain unclear.Focal cerebral ischemia models were established by 2-hour occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in rats.Ilexonin A(20,40 or 80 mg/kg)was administered immediately after ischemia/reperfusion.The astrocyte marker glial fibrillary acidic protein,microglia marker Iba-1,neural stem cell marker nestin and inflammation markers were detected by immunohistochemistry and western blot assay.Expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-αand interleukin 1βwere determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in the hippocampal CA1 tissue.Astrocytes were activated immediately in progressively increasing numbers from 1,3,to 7 days post-ischemia/reperfusion.The number of activated astrocytes further increased in the hippocampal CA1 region after treatment with ilexonin A.Microglial cells remained quiescent after ischemia/reperfusion,but became activated after treatment with ilexonin A.Ilexonin A enhanced nestin expression and reduced the expression of tumor necrosis factor-αand interleukin 1βin the hippocampus post-ischemia/reperfusion.The results of the present study suggest that ilexonin A has a neuroprotective effect in the hippocampus after ischemia/reperfusion,probably through regulating astrocytes and microglia activation,promoting neuronal stem cell proliferation and reducing the levels of pro-inflammatory factors.This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the Fujian Medical University Union Hospital,China.展开更多
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury impairs learning and memory in patients.Studies have shown that synaptic function is involved in the formation and development of memory,and that DNA methylation plays a key role i...Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury impairs learning and memory in patients.Studies have shown that synaptic function is involved in the formation and development of memory,and that DNA methylation plays a key role in the regulation of learning and memory.To investigate the role of DNA hypomethylation in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury,in this study,we established a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery and then treated the rats with intraperitoneal 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine,an inhibitor of DNA methylation.Our results showed that 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine markedly improved the neurological function,and cognitive,social and spatial memory abilities,and dose-dependently increased the synaptic density and the expression of SYP and SHANK2 proteins in the hippocampus in a dose-dependent manner in rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.The effects of 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine were closely related to its reduction of genomic DNA methylation and DNA methylation at specific sites of the Syp and Shank2 genes in rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.These findings suggest that inhibition of DNA methylation by 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine promotes the recovery of learning and memory impairment in a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.These results provide theoretical evidence for stroke treatment using epigenetic methods.展开更多
Current therapy for carotid stenosis mainly includes carotid endarterectomy and endovascular stenting,which may incur procedure-related cerebral ischemia.Several methods have been employed for monitoring cerebral isch...Current therapy for carotid stenosis mainly includes carotid endarterectomy and endovascular stenting,which may incur procedure-related cerebral ischemia.Several methods have been employed for monitoring cerebral ischemia during surgery,such as awake neurocognitive assessment,electroencephalography,evoked potentials,transcranial Doppler,carotid stump pressure,and near infrared spectroscopy.However,there is no consensus on the gold standard or the method that is superior to others at present.Keeping patient awake for real time neurocognitive assessment is effective and essential;however,not every surgeon adopts it.In patients under general anesthesia,cerebral ischemia monitoring has to rely on non-awake technologies.The advantageous and disadvantageous properties of each monitoring method are reviewed.展开更多
Objective:To explore the clinical value of carotid artery stent implantation(CAS)and carotid endarterectomy(CEA)in the treatment of patients with severe internal carotid artery stenosis.Methods:88 patients with severe...Objective:To explore the clinical value of carotid artery stent implantation(CAS)and carotid endarterectomy(CEA)in the treatment of patients with severe internal carotid artery stenosis.Methods:88 patients with severe carotid artery stenosis who underwent CAS and CEA in the First People's Hospital of Changde City(hereafter referred as "our hospital")from January 2018 to December 2020 were selected as the research objects and divided into CAS group(n=43)and CEA group(n=45).To understand the clinical application value and feasibility of the two surgical schemes by comparing the general situation,cerebral blood flow,MMSE scale,MOCA scale score and serum miR-145,IGF1R levels of the two surgical schemes.Conclusions:CAS and CEA in the treatment of patients with severe internal carotid artery stenosis,have good curative effect,can effectively improve the patient's cerebral blood flow,regulate serum miR-145,IGF 1R levels,promote the recovery of cognitive function,but relatively speaking,the incidence of stroke and hypotension after CAS is higher,and the incidence of hypertension after CEA is higher.展开更多
The survival of microglia depends on the colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor(CSF1R)signaling pathway under physiological conditions.Ki20227 is a highly selective CSF1R inhibitor that has been shown to change the morp...The survival of microglia depends on the colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor(CSF1R)signaling pathway under physiological conditions.Ki20227 is a highly selective CSF1R inhibitor that has been shown to change the morphology of microglia.However,the effects of Ki20227 on the progression of ischemic stroke are unclear.In this study,male C57 BL/6 mouse models of focal cerebral ischemic injury were established through the occlusion of the middle cerebral artery and then administered 3 mg/g Ki20227 for 3 successive days.The results revealed that the number of ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1/bromodeoxyuridine double positive cells in the infarct tissue was reduced,the degree of edema was increased,neurological deficits were aggravated,infarct volume was increased,and the number of peri-infarct Nissl bodies was reduced.The number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling-positive cells in the peri-infarct tissue was increased.The expression levels of Bax and Cleaved caspase-3 were up-regulated.Bcl-2 expression was downregulated.The expression levels of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress-associated factors were increased.These findings suggested that Ki20227 blocked microglial proliferation and aggravated the pathological progression of ischemia/reperfusion injury in a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model.This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Lanzhou University Second Hospital(approval No.D2020-68)on March 6,2020.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of kaempferol(KAE)on chronic cerebral ischemia in rats.METHODS Chronic cerebral ischemia was induced in rats by permanent occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries(2VO).Then,t...OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of kaempferol(KAE)on chronic cerebral ischemia in rats.METHODS Chronic cerebral ischemia was induced in rats by permanent occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries(2VO).Then,the rats with chronic cerebral ischemia were randomly divied into three groups:model group,KAE 10 and 30 mg·kg-1group.Another group rats without occlusion of common carotid arteries were used as the sham-operation group.Memory behavior was investigated by Morris water maze test.Prehensile ability was investigated by prehensile traction test.The structure of hippocampus and cortex neurons was observed with Nissel staining.In addition,the SOD activity and MDA content in brain tissue were determined.The DJ-1protein level was determined by Western blotting.RESULTS KAE 10 and 30 mg·kg-1could significantly improve cognitive impairment and prehensile traction ability(P<0.01)induced by chronic cerebral ischemia in rats.The results of the pathological analysis also suggested that KAE could ameliorate the pathological damage induced by chronic cerebral ischemia.In addition,KAE 30 mg·kg-1significantly increased the activity of SOD(P<0.05),but had no effect on the content of MDA in rat brain tissue.Western-blotting confirmed that KAE 10 and30 mg·kg-1could increase the expression of anti-oxidation proteins DJ-1 in hippocampus(P<0.01).CONCLUSION KAE may attenuate the chronic cerebral ischemic injury in rats.展开更多
Vertebral artery orifice stenting may improve blood supply of the posterior circulation of the brain to regions such as the cerebellum and brainstem. However, previous studies have mainly focused on recovery of cerebr...Vertebral artery orifice stenting may improve blood supply of the posterior circulation of the brain to regions such as the cerebellum and brainstem. However, previous studies have mainly focused on recovery of cerebral blood flow and perfusion in the posterior circulation after interventional therapy. This study examined the effects of functional recovery of local brain tissue on cerebellar function remodeling using blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic reso- nance imaging before and after interventional therapy. A total of 40 Chinese patients with severe unilateral vertebral artery orifice stenosis were enrolled in this study. Patients were equally and randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The control group received drug treat- ment only. The intervention group received vertebral artery orifice angioplasty and stenting ＋ identical drug treatment to the control group. At 13 days after treatment, the Dizziness Handicap Inventory score was compared between the intervention and control groups. Cerebellar function remodeling was observed between the two groups using blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging. The improvement in dizziness handicap and cerebellar function was more obvious in the intervention group than in the control group. Interventional therapy for severe vertebral artery orifice stenosis may effectively promote cerebellar function remodeling and exert neuroprotective effects.展开更多
Astrocytes can alter their appearance and become reactive following chronic cerebral ischemia. In the present study, a rat model of chronic cerebral ischemia was treated with 50 and 100 mg/kg curcumin. Results showed ...Astrocytes can alter their appearance and become reactive following chronic cerebral ischemia. In the present study, a rat model of chronic cerebral ischemia was treated with 50 and 100 mg/kg curcumin. Results showed that pathological changes of neuronal injury in hippocampal CA1 area of rats induced by chronic cerebral ischemia were attenuated, as well as upregulated expression of glial fibriliary acidic protein and nestin, in a dose-dependent manner.展开更多
BACKGROUND Almost 90%of cerebral thromboembolism cases are caused by atherosclerosis.Craniocervical atherosclerosis is often observed at the carotid bifurcation and is responsible for 20%-30%of all stroke cases.The co...BACKGROUND Almost 90%of cerebral thromboembolism cases are caused by atherosclerosis.Craniocervical atherosclerosis is often observed at the carotid bifurcation and is responsible for 20%-30%of all stroke cases.The course of atherosclerotic carotid artery stenosis varies depending on the grade of stenosis and characteristics of the plaque.Carotid artery stenting(CAS)can be used as a less invasive method in patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic high-grade carotid artery stenosis.Diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI)is an effective method for detection of silent or symptomatic acute ischemic lesions that may arise due to CAS or carotid endarterectomy.The number and volume of new ischemic lesions are determined using DWI.AIM To evaluate the number and volume of ischemic lesions and their cerebral parenchymal and vascular distribution after CAS using DWI.METHODS Forty-seven male(73.4%)and seventeen female(26.6%)patients(total,n=64)aged 42-84 years(mean 67.96±8.03 years)diagnosed with carotid stenosis between October 2006 and July 2012 were included in this retrospective study.Twelve of the cases(18.8%)were asymptomatic,while fifty-two(81.2%)were symptomatic.The area where the stenosis was highest was measured,and the stenosis rate was determined using the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial method.DWI of the cases was evaluated by two radiologists experienced in neuroradiology(B.A.with more than 15 years of experience,E.G.with more than 10 years of experience).Routine DWI examinations were carried out by a 1.5 T MR device 1 h before and after the operation.Since the ischemic lesions that developed in the first hour and in the follow-up period of 5-24 h were assumed to be due to CAS,all lesions within the first 24 h were considered as new ischemias.RESULTS In the present study,39 new ischemic lesions were detected in 20 cases.The average number of new lesions after all CAS operations was 0.62.They were mostly located in the occipital lobes,followed by the frontal and parietal lobes.These new ischemic lesions were most common in the middle cerebral artery territory,followed by the posterior cerebral artery territory and middle cerebral artery-posterior cerebral artery watershed areas.New lesions were found in 31.2%(20/64)of patients,including 17(26.5%)in ipsilateral and three(4.6%)in contralateral hemispheres.New bilateral lesions were detected in one case(1.5%).The average volume of the new ischemic lesions detected by the two observers was 1.10 cm³.The numbers of newly appearing ischemic lesions in DWI after CAS were significantly higher in cases where stenting was applied on the left side of the carotid artery and in cases where longer plaques(>1 cm)were responsible for the narrowing in symptomatic patients.The stenosis rate was low in the group with ulcerated plaques.CONCLUSION New ischemic lesions due to CAS appear mostly in the main arterial territory but they may also occur in watershed areas.展开更多
The Chinese compound Kaixin fieyu Fang can be used to treat vascular depression; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study established a rat model of chronic cerebral ischemia-caused white matter d...The Chinese compound Kaixin fieyu Fang can be used to treat vascular depression; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study established a rat model of chronic cerebral ischemia-caused white matter damage by ligation of the bilateral common carotid arteries. Rats received daily intragastric administration of a suspension of Kaixin ]ieyu Fang powder. After 3, 7 and 21 days of treatment, the degree of white matter damage in the cerebral ischemia rat model was alleviated, Bcl-2 protein and mRNA expression in brain tissue increased, and Bax protein and mRNA expression decreased. These results indicate that Kaixin Jieyu Fang can alleviate cere- bral white matter damage, and the underlying mechanism is associated with regulation of Bcl-2/ Bax protein and mRNA expression, which is one of possible mechanism behind the protective effect of Kaixin Jieyu Fang against vascular depression.展开更多
基金the Grant from Sichuan Health Department Scientific Research Project, No. 070298
文摘BACKGROUND：Studies have demonstrated that carotid atherosclerosis and carotid artery stenosis are closely associated with cognitive impairment in patients with and without clinically evident cerebrovascular disease. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the correlation between the degree of pathological changes in carotid atherosclerosis, carotid artery stenosis, and cognitive impairment in patients with acute cerebral infarction through the use of color Doppler imaging. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： The present concurrent, non-randomized, controlled experiment was performed at the Departments of Neurology and Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College between November 2006 and August 2007. PARTICIPANTS： Fifty-five patients with cerebral infarction, consisting of 35 males and 20 females, aged 50–82 years, were admitted to the hospital between November 2006 and August 2007 and recruited for this study. An additional 30 subjects consisting of 18 males and 12 females, aged 47–78 years, that concurrently received a health examination at the same hospital, were also included as normal controls. METHODS： Intima-media thickness （IMT）, plaque shape, size, and echo intensity of all subjects were detected by color Doppler flow imaging. Assessment criteria： IMT 〉 1.0 mm was considered to be intimal thickening, and IMT 〉 1.2 mm was determined to be formed atherosclerotic plaques. In the position of the largest plaque, the degree of carotid artery stenosis was determined by the following formula： （1-cross-sectional area of residual vascular luminal area/vascular cross-sectional area） × 100%. Less than 30% exhibited mild stenosis, 30%-40% moderate stenosis, and 〉 50% severe stenosis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： IMT and the degree of carotid artery stenosis were evaluated by color Doppler flow imaging. The Mini-Mental State Examination （MMSE）, as well as the clinical memory scale, was compared between patients with cerebral infarction and normal controls. RESULTS： In the cerebral infarction group, IMT was increased, the degree of carotid artery stenosis was aggravated, and the MMSE and MQ scores of clinical memory scale were decreased. In particular, orientation of time and place, attention, calculation, and short-time memory were decreased. There were statistically significant differences in MMSE and MQ of clinical memory scale between patients with cerebral infarction and normal controls （P 〈 0.01）. The scores from the two scales were significantly lower in patients with cerebral infarction with carotid plaque subgroup compared to the cerebral infarction with no carotid plaque subgroup （P 〈 0.01）. The scores from the two scales were also significantly lower in patients with IMT 〉 1.0 mm, as well as moderate and severe carotid artery stenosis, compared to patients with IMT ≤ 1.0 mm, and normal and mild stenosis group （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： More severe atherosclerotic and carotid artery stenosis leads to more obvious cognitive impairment.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China,No.2014J01327the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Colleges and Universities of Fujian Province of China,No.NCETFJ-0704the Professorial Academic Development Foundation of Fujian Medical University of China,No.JS09014(all to GYZ)
文摘Ilexonin A is a compound isolated from the root of Ilex pubescens,a traditional Chinese medicine.Ilexonin A has been shown to play a neuroprotective role by regulating the activation of astrocytes and microglia in the peri-infarct area after ischemia.However,the effects of ilexonin A on astrocytes and microglia in the infarct-free region of the hippocampal CA1 region remain unclear.Focal cerebral ischemia models were established by 2-hour occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in rats.Ilexonin A(20,40 or 80 mg/kg)was administered immediately after ischemia/reperfusion.The astrocyte marker glial fibrillary acidic protein,microglia marker Iba-1,neural stem cell marker nestin and inflammation markers were detected by immunohistochemistry and western blot assay.Expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-αand interleukin 1βwere determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in the hippocampal CA1 tissue.Astrocytes were activated immediately in progressively increasing numbers from 1,3,to 7 days post-ischemia/reperfusion.The number of activated astrocytes further increased in the hippocampal CA1 region after treatment with ilexonin A.Microglial cells remained quiescent after ischemia/reperfusion,but became activated after treatment with ilexonin A.Ilexonin A enhanced nestin expression and reduced the expression of tumor necrosis factor-αand interleukin 1βin the hippocampus post-ischemia/reperfusion.The results of the present study suggest that ilexonin A has a neuroprotective effect in the hippocampus after ischemia/reperfusion,probably through regulating astrocytes and microglia activation,promoting neuronal stem cell proliferation and reducing the levels of pro-inflammatory factors.This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the Fujian Medical University Union Hospital,China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82101567Doctoral Start-up Foundation of Liaoning Province,No.2021-BS-111345 Talent Project of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University,No.M0673(all to XYF)。
文摘Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury impairs learning and memory in patients.Studies have shown that synaptic function is involved in the formation and development of memory,and that DNA methylation plays a key role in the regulation of learning and memory.To investigate the role of DNA hypomethylation in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury,in this study,we established a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery and then treated the rats with intraperitoneal 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine,an inhibitor of DNA methylation.Our results showed that 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine markedly improved the neurological function,and cognitive,social and spatial memory abilities,and dose-dependently increased the synaptic density and the expression of SYP and SHANK2 proteins in the hippocampus in a dose-dependent manner in rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.The effects of 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine were closely related to its reduction of genomic DNA methylation and DNA methylation at specific sites of the Syp and Shank2 genes in rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.These findings suggest that inhibition of DNA methylation by 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine promotes the recovery of learning and memory impairment in a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.These results provide theoretical evidence for stroke treatment using epigenetic methods.
基金supported by the Inaugural Anesthesia Department Awards for Seed Funding for Clinically-Oriented Research Projects from the Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care,University of California San Francisco,San Francisco,California (to Dr.Meng)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81471835,81471889,to Dr. Ji)
文摘Current therapy for carotid stenosis mainly includes carotid endarterectomy and endovascular stenting,which may incur procedure-related cerebral ischemia.Several methods have been employed for monitoring cerebral ischemia during surgery,such as awake neurocognitive assessment,electroencephalography,evoked potentials,transcranial Doppler,carotid stump pressure,and near infrared spectroscopy.However,there is no consensus on the gold standard or the method that is superior to others at present.Keeping patient awake for real time neurocognitive assessment is effective and essential;however,not every surgeon adopts it.In patients under general anesthesia,cerebral ischemia monitoring has to rely on non-awake technologies.The advantageous and disadvantageous properties of each monitoring method are reviewed.
文摘Objective:To explore the clinical value of carotid artery stent implantation(CAS)and carotid endarterectomy(CEA)in the treatment of patients with severe internal carotid artery stenosis.Methods:88 patients with severe carotid artery stenosis who underwent CAS and CEA in the First People's Hospital of Changde City(hereafter referred as "our hospital")from January 2018 to December 2020 were selected as the research objects and divided into CAS group(n=43)and CEA group(n=45).To understand the clinical application value and feasibility of the two surgical schemes by comparing the general situation,cerebral blood flow,MMSE scale,MOCA scale score and serum miR-145,IGF1R levels of the two surgical schemes.Conclusions:CAS and CEA in the treatment of patients with severe internal carotid artery stenosis,have good curative effect,can effectively improve the patient's cerebral blood flow,regulate serum miR-145,IGF 1R levels,promote the recovery of cognitive function,but relatively speaking,the incidence of stroke and hypotension after CAS is higher,and the incidence of hypertension after CEA is higher.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province,China,Nos.20JR5RA337(to BRH),20JR5RA336(to HJR)Cuiying Graduate Supervisor Applicant Training Program of Lanzhou University Second Hospital,China,No.CYDSPY201902(to BRH)+1 种基金Cuiying Students Research Ability Training Program of Lanzhou University Second Hospital,China,No.CYXZ2020-14(to BRH)Cuiying Scientific and Technological Innovation Program of Lanzhou University Second Hospital,China,No.CY2018-MS08(to BRH)。
文摘The survival of microglia depends on the colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor(CSF1R)signaling pathway under physiological conditions.Ki20227 is a highly selective CSF1R inhibitor that has been shown to change the morphology of microglia.However,the effects of Ki20227 on the progression of ischemic stroke are unclear.In this study,male C57 BL/6 mouse models of focal cerebral ischemic injury were established through the occlusion of the middle cerebral artery and then administered 3 mg/g Ki20227 for 3 successive days.The results revealed that the number of ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1/bromodeoxyuridine double positive cells in the infarct tissue was reduced,the degree of edema was increased,neurological deficits were aggravated,infarct volume was increased,and the number of peri-infarct Nissl bodies was reduced.The number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling-positive cells in the peri-infarct tissue was increased.The expression levels of Bax and Cleaved caspase-3 were up-regulated.Bcl-2 expression was downregulated.The expression levels of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress-associated factors were increased.These findings suggested that Ki20227 blocked microglial proliferation and aggravated the pathological progression of ischemia/reperfusion injury in a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model.This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Lanzhou University Second Hospital(approval No.D2020-68)on March 6,2020.
基金The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81473383,81573645)
文摘OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of kaempferol(KAE)on chronic cerebral ischemia in rats.METHODS Chronic cerebral ischemia was induced in rats by permanent occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries(2VO).Then,the rats with chronic cerebral ischemia were randomly divied into three groups:model group,KAE 10 and 30 mg·kg-1group.Another group rats without occlusion of common carotid arteries were used as the sham-operation group.Memory behavior was investigated by Morris water maze test.Prehensile ability was investigated by prehensile traction test.The structure of hippocampus and cortex neurons was observed with Nissel staining.In addition,the SOD activity and MDA content in brain tissue were determined.The DJ-1protein level was determined by Western blotting.RESULTS KAE 10 and 30 mg·kg-1could significantly improve cognitive impairment and prehensile traction ability(P<0.01)induced by chronic cerebral ischemia in rats.The results of the pathological analysis also suggested that KAE could ameliorate the pathological damage induced by chronic cerebral ischemia.In addition,KAE 30 mg·kg-1significantly increased the activity of SOD(P<0.05),but had no effect on the content of MDA in rat brain tissue.Western-blotting confirmed that KAE 10 and30 mg·kg-1could increase the expression of anti-oxidation proteins DJ-1 in hippocampus(P<0.01).CONCLUSION KAE may attenuate the chronic cerebral ischemic injury in rats.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Yongchuan District of Chongqing in China,No.Ycstc,2013nc8031the Foundation of Chongqing Municipal Health Bureau in China,No.2010-2-250+1 种基金the Foundation of Chongqing Health and Family Planning Commission in China,No.20143001the Soft Science Foundation of Yongchuan District of Chongqing in China,No.Ycstc,2011BE5004
文摘Vertebral artery orifice stenting may improve blood supply of the posterior circulation of the brain to regions such as the cerebellum and brainstem. However, previous studies have mainly focused on recovery of cerebral blood flow and perfusion in the posterior circulation after interventional therapy. This study examined the effects of functional recovery of local brain tissue on cerebellar function remodeling using blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic reso- nance imaging before and after interventional therapy. A total of 40 Chinese patients with severe unilateral vertebral artery orifice stenosis were enrolled in this study. Patients were equally and randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The control group received drug treat- ment only. The intervention group received vertebral artery orifice angioplasty and stenting ＋ identical drug treatment to the control group. At 13 days after treatment, the Dizziness Handicap Inventory score was compared between the intervention and control groups. Cerebellar function remodeling was observed between the two groups using blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging. The improvement in dizziness handicap and cerebellar function was more obvious in the intervention group than in the control group. Interventional therapy for severe vertebral artery orifice stenosis may effectively promote cerebellar function remodeling and exert neuroprotective effects.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30973154Chongqing Science and Technology Commission Foundation, No. 2009BB5270Chongqing Municipal Education Com-mission Foundation, No. KJ090301
文摘Astrocytes can alter their appearance and become reactive following chronic cerebral ischemia. In the present study, a rat model of chronic cerebral ischemia was treated with 50 and 100 mg/kg curcumin. Results showed that pathological changes of neuronal injury in hippocampal CA1 area of rats induced by chronic cerebral ischemia were attenuated, as well as upregulated expression of glial fibriliary acidic protein and nestin, in a dose-dependent manner.
文摘BACKGROUND Almost 90%of cerebral thromboembolism cases are caused by atherosclerosis.Craniocervical atherosclerosis is often observed at the carotid bifurcation and is responsible for 20%-30%of all stroke cases.The course of atherosclerotic carotid artery stenosis varies depending on the grade of stenosis and characteristics of the plaque.Carotid artery stenting(CAS)can be used as a less invasive method in patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic high-grade carotid artery stenosis.Diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI)is an effective method for detection of silent or symptomatic acute ischemic lesions that may arise due to CAS or carotid endarterectomy.The number and volume of new ischemic lesions are determined using DWI.AIM To evaluate the number and volume of ischemic lesions and their cerebral parenchymal and vascular distribution after CAS using DWI.METHODS Forty-seven male(73.4%)and seventeen female(26.6%)patients(total,n=64)aged 42-84 years(mean 67.96±8.03 years)diagnosed with carotid stenosis between October 2006 and July 2012 were included in this retrospective study.Twelve of the cases(18.8%)were asymptomatic,while fifty-two(81.2%)were symptomatic.The area where the stenosis was highest was measured,and the stenosis rate was determined using the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial method.DWI of the cases was evaluated by two radiologists experienced in neuroradiology(B.A.with more than 15 years of experience,E.G.with more than 10 years of experience).Routine DWI examinations were carried out by a 1.5 T MR device 1 h before and after the operation.Since the ischemic lesions that developed in the first hour and in the follow-up period of 5-24 h were assumed to be due to CAS,all lesions within the first 24 h were considered as new ischemias.RESULTS In the present study,39 new ischemic lesions were detected in 20 cases.The average number of new lesions after all CAS operations was 0.62.They were mostly located in the occipital lobes,followed by the frontal and parietal lobes.These new ischemic lesions were most common in the middle cerebral artery territory,followed by the posterior cerebral artery territory and middle cerebral artery-posterior cerebral artery watershed areas.New lesions were found in 31.2%(20/64)of patients,including 17(26.5%)in ipsilateral and three(4.6%)in contralateral hemispheres.New bilateral lesions were detected in one case(1.5%).The average volume of the new ischemic lesions detected by the two observers was 1.10 cm³.The numbers of newly appearing ischemic lesions in DWI after CAS were significantly higher in cases where stenting was applied on the left side of the carotid artery and in cases where longer plaques(>1 cm)were responsible for the narrowing in symptomatic patients.The stenosis rate was low in the group with ulcerated plaques.CONCLUSION New ischemic lesions due to CAS appear mostly in the main arterial territory but they may also occur in watershed areas.
文摘目的:探讨血清胱抑素C(Cystatin c,CysC)水平与短暂性脑缺血发作(Transient ischemic attack,TIA)患者颈内动脉狭窄的相关性.方法:纳入2019年1月至2022年6月我院收治的170例TIA患者为研究对象,根据脑血管造影检查结果评估颈动脉狭窄发生情况;并将颈动脉狭窄程度分为轻度狭窄组(n=38)、中度狭窄组(n=40)和重度狭窄组(n=41).收集所有患者基线资料,并在入院后测定患者实验室指标,重点分析血清CysC水平与TIA患者颈内动脉狭窄的相关性.结果:170例TIA患者中有119例患者发生颈动脉狭窄,发生率为70.00%,其中轻度狭窄患者38例,中度狭窄患者40例,重度狭窄患者41例;四组TIA患者性别、吸烟史、饮酒史、年龄、体重指数(Body Mass Index,BMI)、入院时美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)评分、入院时收缩压(Systolic Blood Pressure,SBP)及入院时舒张压(Diastolic blood pressure,DBP)、血清总胆固醇(Cholesterol,CHO)水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);重度狭窄组患者血清CysC水平均高于中度狭窄组及轻度狭窄组,三组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).经Logistic回归分析显示,血清CysC水平升高是TIA患者颈动脉狭窄程度加重的风险因子(OR>1,P<0.05).结论:血清CysC水平与TIA患者颈内动脉狭窄密切相关,血清CysC水平升高会加重TIA患者颈内动脉狭窄程度.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30672696,81072801the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing in China,No.7093129
文摘The Chinese compound Kaixin fieyu Fang can be used to treat vascular depression; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study established a rat model of chronic cerebral ischemia-caused white matter damage by ligation of the bilateral common carotid arteries. Rats received daily intragastric administration of a suspension of Kaixin ]ieyu Fang powder. After 3, 7 and 21 days of treatment, the degree of white matter damage in the cerebral ischemia rat model was alleviated, Bcl-2 protein and mRNA expression in brain tissue increased, and Bax protein and mRNA expression decreased. These results indicate that Kaixin Jieyu Fang can alleviate cere- bral white matter damage, and the underlying mechanism is associated with regulation of Bcl-2/ Bax protein and mRNA expression, which is one of possible mechanism behind the protective effect of Kaixin Jieyu Fang against vascular depression.
