Objective Age-related diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, are associated with oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, and increase the levels of cholesterol auto-oxidation products such as 7β-hydroxychol...Objective Age-related diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, are associated with oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, and increase the levels of cholesterol auto-oxidation products such as 7β-hydroxycholesterol(7β-OHC). Thus, it is imperative to identify agents that can prevent 7β-OHC-induced side-effects. Methods We evaluated the potential protective effects of Carpobrotus edulis ethanol-water extract(EWe) on murine oligodendrocytes(158 N) cultured in the absence or presence of 7β-OHC(20 μg/mL, 24 h). The cells were incubated with EWe(20-200 μg/mL) 2 h before 7β-OHC treatment. Mitochondrial activity and cell growth were evaluated with the MTT assay. Photometric methods were used to analyze antioxidant enzyme [catalase(CAT) and glutathione peroxidase(GPx)] activities and the generation of lipid and protein oxidation products [malondialdehyde(MDA), conjugated diene(CD), and carbonylated proteins(CPs)]. Results Treatment with 7β-OHC induced cell death and oxidative stress(reflected by alteration in CAT and SOD activities). Overproduction of lipid peroxidation products(MDA and CDs) and CPs was also reported. The cytotoxic effects associated with 7β-OHC were attenuated by 160 μg/mL of EWe of C. edulis. Cell death induced by 7β-OHC treatment was ameliorated, GPx and CAT activities were restored to normal, and MDA, CD, and CP levels were reduced following C. edulis extract treatment. Conclusion These data demonstrate the protective activities of C. edulis EWe against 7β-OHC-induced disequilibrium in the redox status of 158 N cells, indicative of the potential role of this plant extract in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.展开更多
In order to solve the problems including low fruit-bearing rate and low yield caused by blind plantation in production, the medium formula for pollen germination of Lonicera caerulea L. var. edulis Turcz. ex Herd., it...In order to solve the problems including low fruit-bearing rate and low yield caused by blind plantation in production, the medium formula for pollen germination of Lonicera caerulea L. var. edulis Turcz. ex Herd., its pollination habit, self-compatibility and open pollination compatibility between different superior individuals were investigated with superior individuals from superior wild individuals of L. caerulea in Changbai Mountains as experimental materials. Self-compatibility and open pollination compatibility among different fine plants provide theoretical basis for its further application and further selection of new varieties. The results showed the optimal medium for germination of L. caerulea pollen was 27.5% sucrose ＋ 100 PPM boric acid with a pH value of 6.0. On this medium, the superior individuals L1, L2 and L3 had the pollen germination rates of 53.4%, 50.9% and 51.6%, respectively. The three superior individuals had no significant differences in the quantity of germinated pollen tubes, which ranged from 1 to 4. The three excellent single plants were the most likely to germinate a single pollen tube, accounting for 83.3% of the pollen germinated and 89.6% of the pollen germinated. Therefore, in production, it is necessary to plant L1 with a certain amount of pollination trees or plant it together with multiple species, to improve its yield. On the contrary, L2 and L3 have no need for pollination trees theoretically, but whether the fruits obtained by self-pollination and outcrossing differ in quality still needs further study.展开更多
Aims Carpobrotus edulis(L.)N.E.Br.is known to invade many coastal ecosystems around the world,and it has been considered as one of the most severe threats to numerous terrestrial plant communi-ties.Therefore,the study...Aims Carpobrotus edulis(L.)N.E.Br.is known to invade many coastal ecosystems around the world,and it has been considered as one of the most severe threats to numerous terrestrial plant communi-ties.Therefore,the study of the relationships between life-history traits that may favour its invasiveness and the invasibility of the environments is necessary to improve our knowledge about inva-sion success.In this research,we specifically tested the effects of physiological integration in genotypes from contrasting habitats,where the importance of integration is expected to differ.Thus,the main objective of this work was to detect the presence of adaptive plasticity in the capacity for clonal integration in this aggressive invader.Methods In a greenhouse experiment,we compared the performance,in terms of growth and photochemical efficiency,of two C.edulis ecotypes.Connected and severed ramet pairs from coastal sand dunes and rocky coast habitats were grown in substrates of different quality and heterogeneity.Important Findings Our study clearly indicates that clonal integration improves growth and photosynthetic efficiency in the aggressive invader C.edulis.Two differ-ent aspects of clonal integration determine site-specific strategies in this species in order to optimize its successful propagation in a particular habitat.We demonstrated that the adaptation of C.edulis to local envi-ronments has led to a differential selection of two complex clonal traits associated with the capacity for clonal integration.In patchy sand dunes,C.edulis has evolved ecotypes with ramets highly plastic in patterns of biomass allocation,which allows ramets to specialize in the acquisi-tion of the resource that is locally most abundant,i.e.,a spatial division of labour among ramets.However,in the harsher rocky coast habitats,local adaptation produced highly integrated ecotypes,where resource sharing is not combined with a specialization of resource acquisition.展开更多
用两种模型研究贻贝多活素((multibioactive substances of Mytilus edulis,MSM)对实验性心肌缺血的保护作用。在结扎冠脉致大鼠急性心肌梗死实验中,MSM(1.35、4.05、6.75g/kg)可明显降低缺血EKG中S-T段异常抬高的程度,ΣST分别为25.2、...用两种模型研究贻贝多活素((multibioactive substances of Mytilus edulis,MSM)对实验性心肌缺血的保护作用。在结扎冠脉致大鼠急性心肌梗死实验中,MSM(1.35、4.05、6.75g/kg)可明显降低缺血EKG中S-T段异常抬高的程度,ΣST分别为25.2、27.8和21.8mV,与NS对照组(62.9mV)差异非常显著(P<0.001),N-BT染色显示心肌梗死的范围明显缩小。MSM亦能减轻因快速静注垂体后叶素引起的大鼠EKG中缺血性损伤的变化,使心肌缺血阳性率明显降低。结果表明,MSM对实验性心肌缺血有保护作用,其作用机制可能与降低血中MDA浓度,提高CuZn-SOD、GSH-Px活性,防止心肌细胞脂质过氧化作用有关。展开更多
Nutritional components in dry fruits of Lonicera caerulea L.var.edulis Turcz.ex Herd.collected from Hulun Buir of Inner Mongolia have been analysed.The results show that dry fruits mainly contain sugar(243.40 mg·...Nutritional components in dry fruits of Lonicera caerulea L.var.edulis Turcz.ex Herd.collected from Hulun Buir of Inner Mongolia have been analysed.The results show that dry fruits mainly contain sugar(243.40 mg·g-1),crude protein(87.49 mg·g-1),crude fat(86.30 mg·g-1),VB2(0.543 mg·g-1),VPP(2.809 mg·g-1),VA(4.66×10-3 mg·g-1),VE(3.188 mg·g-1),carotene(1.661 mg·g-1),essential microelements(0.852 mg·g-1) including Fe,Mn,Zn,Cu,Se and essential amino acids(22.97 mg·g-1).It also contains VC,VB1,K,Na,Ca,Mg,P and other nonessential amino acids.展开更多
Coastal dunes represent priority habitats for conservation due to the provision of valuable ecosystem services such as land protection,water supply or biodiversity conservation.Soil microbial communities are of crucia...Coastal dunes represent priority habitats for conservation due to the provision of valuable ecosystem services such as land protection,water supply or biodiversity conservation.Soil microbial communities are of crucial importance to maintain plant diversity due to harsh environmental conditions,water limitation and nutrient scarcity.Invasive alien plants represent a major threat to ecosystem conservation.Here,we explored different impacts of Carpobrotus edulis,a succulent plant invading coastal areas worldwide,on the function and structure of bacterial communities.Sand represents a challenging substrate due to low organic matter content and limited microbial activity.We optimized bacterial extraction for functional evaluation before assessing ecosystem impacts produced by C.edulis.We compared 12 extracting procedures combining different soil storage,sample amount and extracting solutions on the functional activity of sand communities through the community-level physiological profile.We further explored the function(using Biolog Ecoplates)and structure[using polymerase chain reaction–denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(PCR-DGGE)]of bacterial communities from dunes invaded by C.edulis.Saline solution consistently increased bacterial cells detected by cytometry(P≤0.001).Principal component analysis suggested a limited temporal framework(0–24 h)in which community function can be explored without significant alterations in C substrate consumption.Changes under C.edulis invasion exhibited a different pattern of C substrate utilization comparing native and non-native zones(interspecific),but also between native zones(intraspecific),suggesting that functional impacts are site-dependent.Complementary,results obtained from PCR-DGGE indicated that the bacterial community structure of native dunes significantly differed from dunes invaded by C.edulis.展开更多
文摘Objective Age-related diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, are associated with oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, and increase the levels of cholesterol auto-oxidation products such as 7β-hydroxycholesterol(7β-OHC). Thus, it is imperative to identify agents that can prevent 7β-OHC-induced side-effects. Methods We evaluated the potential protective effects of Carpobrotus edulis ethanol-water extract(EWe) on murine oligodendrocytes(158 N) cultured in the absence or presence of 7β-OHC(20 μg/mL, 24 h). The cells were incubated with EWe(20-200 μg/mL) 2 h before 7β-OHC treatment. Mitochondrial activity and cell growth were evaluated with the MTT assay. Photometric methods were used to analyze antioxidant enzyme [catalase(CAT) and glutathione peroxidase(GPx)] activities and the generation of lipid and protein oxidation products [malondialdehyde(MDA), conjugated diene(CD), and carbonylated proteins(CPs)]. Results Treatment with 7β-OHC induced cell death and oxidative stress(reflected by alteration in CAT and SOD activities). Overproduction of lipid peroxidation products(MDA and CDs) and CPs was also reported. The cytotoxic effects associated with 7β-OHC were attenuated by 160 μg/mL of EWe of C. edulis. Cell death induced by 7β-OHC treatment was ameliorated, GPx and CAT activities were restored to normal, and MDA, CD, and CP levels were reduced following C. edulis extract treatment. Conclusion These data demonstrate the protective activities of C. edulis EWe against 7β-OHC-induced disequilibrium in the redox status of 158 N cells, indicative of the potential role of this plant extract in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.
基金Supported by the Cooperative Project between the Yanbian University,China and National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science of the Rural Development Administration(RDA)of the Republic of Korea
文摘In order to solve the problems including low fruit-bearing rate and low yield caused by blind plantation in production, the medium formula for pollen germination of Lonicera caerulea L. var. edulis Turcz. ex Herd., its pollination habit, self-compatibility and open pollination compatibility between different superior individuals were investigated with superior individuals from superior wild individuals of L. caerulea in Changbai Mountains as experimental materials. Self-compatibility and open pollination compatibility among different fine plants provide theoretical basis for its further application and further selection of new varieties. The results showed the optimal medium for germination of L. caerulea pollen was 27.5% sucrose ＋ 100 PPM boric acid with a pH value of 6.0. On this medium, the superior individuals L1, L2 and L3 had the pollen germination rates of 53.4%, 50.9% and 51.6%, respectively. The three superior individuals had no significant differences in the quantity of germinated pollen tubes, which ranged from 1 to 4. The three excellent single plants were the most likely to germinate a single pollen tube, accounting for 83.3% of the pollen germinated and 89.6% of the pollen germinated. Therefore, in production, it is necessary to plant L1 with a certain amount of pollination trees or plant it together with multiple species, to improve its yield. On the contrary, L2 and L3 have no need for pollination trees theoretically, but whether the fruits obtained by self-pollination and outcrossing differ in quality still needs further study.
基金Financial support for this study was provided by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and the European Regional Development’s Fund(ERDF)(grants Ref.CGL2013-44519-R awarded to S.R.R.and Ref.CGL2013-48885-C2-2-R awarded to R.R.)This is a contribution from the Alien Species Network(Ref.R2014/036-Xunta de Galicia,Autonomous Government of Galicia).
文摘Aims Carpobrotus edulis(L.)N.E.Br.is known to invade many coastal ecosystems around the world,and it has been considered as one of the most severe threats to numerous terrestrial plant communi-ties.Therefore,the study of the relationships between life-history traits that may favour its invasiveness and the invasibility of the environments is necessary to improve our knowledge about inva-sion success.In this research,we specifically tested the effects of physiological integration in genotypes from contrasting habitats,where the importance of integration is expected to differ.Thus,the main objective of this work was to detect the presence of adaptive plasticity in the capacity for clonal integration in this aggressive invader.Methods In a greenhouse experiment,we compared the performance,in terms of growth and photochemical efficiency,of two C.edulis ecotypes.Connected and severed ramet pairs from coastal sand dunes and rocky coast habitats were grown in substrates of different quality and heterogeneity.Important Findings Our study clearly indicates that clonal integration improves growth and photosynthetic efficiency in the aggressive invader C.edulis.Two differ-ent aspects of clonal integration determine site-specific strategies in this species in order to optimize its successful propagation in a particular habitat.We demonstrated that the adaptation of C.edulis to local envi-ronments has led to a differential selection of two complex clonal traits associated with the capacity for clonal integration.In patchy sand dunes,C.edulis has evolved ecotypes with ramets highly plastic in patterns of biomass allocation,which allows ramets to specialize in the acquisi-tion of the resource that is locally most abundant,i.e.,a spatial division of labour among ramets.However,in the harsher rocky coast habitats,local adaptation produced highly integrated ecotypes,where resource sharing is not combined with a specialization of resource acquisition.
文摘用两种模型研究贻贝多活素((multibioactive substances of Mytilus edulis,MSM)对实验性心肌缺血的保护作用。在结扎冠脉致大鼠急性心肌梗死实验中,MSM(1.35、4.05、6.75g/kg)可明显降低缺血EKG中S-T段异常抬高的程度,ΣST分别为25.2、27.8和21.8mV,与NS对照组(62.9mV)差异非常显著(P<0.001),N-BT染色显示心肌梗死的范围明显缩小。MSM亦能减轻因快速静注垂体后叶素引起的大鼠EKG中缺血性损伤的变化,使心肌缺血阳性率明显降低。结果表明,MSM对实验性心肌缺血有保护作用,其作用机制可能与降低血中MDA浓度,提高CuZn-SOD、GSH-Px活性,防止心肌细胞脂质过氧化作用有关。
文摘Nutritional components in dry fruits of Lonicera caerulea L.var.edulis Turcz.ex Herd.collected from Hulun Buir of Inner Mongolia have been analysed.The results show that dry fruits mainly contain sugar(243.40 mg·g-1),crude protein(87.49 mg·g-1),crude fat(86.30 mg·g-1),VB2(0.543 mg·g-1),VPP(2.809 mg·g-1),VA(4.66×10-3 mg·g-1),VE(3.188 mg·g-1),carotene(1.661 mg·g-1),essential microelements(0.852 mg·g-1) including Fe,Mn,Zn,Cu,Se and essential amino acids(22.97 mg·g-1).It also contains VC,VB1,K,Na,Ca,Mg,P and other nonessential amino acids.
基金P.S.-A.was funded by the Regional Council of Education,University and Professional Training(Conselleria de Educacion,Universidade e Formacion Profesional)from the Government of Galicia(Xunta de Galicia)through the annual Postdoctoral Plan'Axudas de apoio a etapa de formacion posdoutoral nas universidades doSistema universitario de Galicia'(grant ref.ED481B-2019-088)L.G.was funded by Xunta de Galicia,Spain(CITACA Strategic Partnership,grantref.:ED431E2018/07).
文摘Coastal dunes represent priority habitats for conservation due to the provision of valuable ecosystem services such as land protection,water supply or biodiversity conservation.Soil microbial communities are of crucial importance to maintain plant diversity due to harsh environmental conditions,water limitation and nutrient scarcity.Invasive alien plants represent a major threat to ecosystem conservation.Here,we explored different impacts of Carpobrotus edulis,a succulent plant invading coastal areas worldwide,on the function and structure of bacterial communities.Sand represents a challenging substrate due to low organic matter content and limited microbial activity.We optimized bacterial extraction for functional evaluation before assessing ecosystem impacts produced by C.edulis.We compared 12 extracting procedures combining different soil storage,sample amount and extracting solutions on the functional activity of sand communities through the community-level physiological profile.We further explored the function(using Biolog Ecoplates)and structure[using polymerase chain reaction–denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(PCR-DGGE)]of bacterial communities from dunes invaded by C.edulis.Saline solution consistently increased bacterial cells detected by cytometry(P≤0.001).Principal component analysis suggested a limited temporal framework(0–24 h)in which community function can be explored without significant alterations in C substrate consumption.Changes under C.edulis invasion exhibited a different pattern of C substrate utilization comparing native and non-native zones(interspecific),but also between native zones(intraspecific),suggesting that functional impacts are site-dependent.Complementary,results obtained from PCR-DGGE indicated that the bacterial community structure of native dunes significantly differed from dunes invaded by C.edulis.
