Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Following Cryotherapy, Thermal Ablation and Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Treatment: A Pilot Study among Zambian Women

Background: Cervical Intraepithelial neoplasia treatments have become essential interventions to manage cervical lesions. Majority of the recipients of these treatments are women within the reproductive age group, who according to literature may be at risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. This pilot study is part of a study investigating adverse pregnancy outcomes among women who received Cryotherapy, Thermal ablation and Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure compared to the untreated women in Zambia. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study analyzed records of 886 (n = 443 treated and n = 443 untreated) women aged 15 - 49 years. The women were either screened with Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid or treated for Cervical Intraepithelial neoplasia at the Adult Infectious Disease Centre between January 2010 and December 2020. Women meeting the criteria were identified using the Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid screening records and telephone interviews to obtain the adverse pregnancy outcome experienced. Data were analysed using STATA version 16 to determine the prevalence and obtain frequency distribution of outcomes of interest. Univariate and multivariable binary logistic regression estimated odds of adverse pregnancy outcomes across the three treatments. Results: The respondents were aged 15 to 49 years. Adverse pregnancy outcomes were observed to be more prevalent in the treatment group (18.5%) compared to the untreated group (5.4%). Normal pregnancy outcomes were lower in the treated (46.3%;n = 443) than the untreated (53.7%;n = 443). The treated group accounted for the majority of abortions (85.2%), prolonged labour (85.7%) and low birth weight (80%), whereas, the untreated accounted for the majority of still births (72.7%). Women treated with cryotherapy (aOR = 2.43, 95% CI = 1.32 - 4.49, p = 0.004), thermal ablation (aOR = 6.37, 95% CI = 0.99 - 41.2, p = 0.052) and Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (aOR = 9.67, 95% CI = 2.17 - 43.1, p = 0.003) had two-, six- and ten-times higher odds of adverse pregnancy outcomes respectively, relative to women who required no treatment. Conclusion: Adverse pregnancy outcomes are prevalent among women who have received treatment in Zambia. The findings indicate that treating Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia has been linked to higher chances of experiencing abortion, delivering low birth weight babies and enduring prolonged labor that may result in a caesarean section delivery. Cervical neoplasia treatments, particularly Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure, are associated with significantly increased odds of adverse pregnancy outcomes. It is essential to include information about prior Cervical Intraepithelial neoplasia treatment outcomes in obstetric care.

The Tenth Anniversary of Free Trade Pilot Zones in China:Fundamental Experiences and Enhancement Strategies

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the country has established 21 Free Trade Pilot Zones(FTZs),achieving significant pioneering results in reform and opening up and creating a strong demonstrative effect nationwide.The basic experience from a decade of FTZs includes:adhering to the centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee;combining top-level design with encouragement of grassroots innovation;leveraging the distinct characteristics and strengths of FTZs to form a differentiated development pattern;maintaining the integration of opening up with domestic reforms;using openness to drive reforms;and organically combining openness with national security assurance.Under the current and future new circumstances,China’s FTZs face new challenges and tasks.In accordance with the directives of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,an enhancement strategy for the FTZs needs to be implemented.This involves the following:First,accurately understanding and responding to the changing situation to create strategic opportunities.Second,shifting paradigms to implement innovation-driven strategies,using the new development pattern concept to guide the reform experiments and construction of the FTZs.Third,granting more autonomy to FTZs for reforms,pursuing progress while maintaining stability,and solidly advancing the reform experiments in the FTZs.Fourth,orderly expanding the opening up of the service sector and cautiously advancing the internationalization of the renminbi.Fifth,promoting innovative development in trade to build a strong trade nation.Sixth,establishing synergy with bilateral FTZs,Belt and Road cooperation,and national diplomatic strategies to enhance the linkage effect.

Guidance and Control Techniques of Carrier-Based Aircraft for Automatic Carrier Landing

We summarize the guidance and control techniques of automatic carrier landing for carrier-based aircraft.First,we analyze the carrier landing operations of the manned fixed-wing aircraft,unmanned fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters.Second,we look into the navigation and guidance system and the flight control methods for current different aircraft.Finally,we draw several conclusions of the development prospects for aircraft carrier landing,including the precision landing control techniques,precision approach and landing guidance techniques,and adaptive,reconfigurable and intelligent flight control techniques.

Parameter Optimization of Nose Landing Gear Considering Both Take-off and Landing Performance of Catapult Take-off Carrier-Based Aircraft

Optimization of the parameters of landing gear systems with double-stage air springs of catapult take-off carrier-based aircraft is here studied based on the mathematical equations of the classic dual mass spring-damper dynamic model.Certain standards for both take-off and landing performance are put forward.The contradictory factors between take-off and landing processes are analyzed.The optimization of oil in the pin area and the area near the rear oil hole is performed.Then these optimized parameters are used to assess the influence of the initial pressure of the low chamber,the ratio of the high chamber to the low chamber,and the tire inflation pressure on the performance of arresting landing and catapult take-off.The influences of these parameters on carrier-based aircraft and the aircraft-carrier on aircraft catapult take-off is also assessed.Based on the results of the simulation,respective take-off criteria must be drafted considering different types of aircraft and different take-off load cases,all of which must be matched to parameters relevant to catapult take-off.

Dynamics Analysis of Carrier-Based Aircraft with Off-Center Catapult Launch

In order to enhance the safety of the catapult launch of the carrier-based aircraft,the catapult launch multibody dynamic model is established aiming at the problem of off center catapult launch.The whole catapult process including four stages which are buffering,tensioning,releasing and taxiing is taken into consideration and the body dynamics of the off-center catapult during each stage is analyzed.The catapult launch dynamic differences between the conditions only considering taxiing and that considering four stages are compared,and the effects of the different initial off center distances considering four stages on the attitude,landing gear load and acceleration of the carrier based aircraft during catapult launch are discussed.The results show that only considering taxiing may underestimate the dynamics of the carrier-based aircraft substantially.When taking four stages into consideration,the initial off-center distance has small influence on the aircraft dynamic characteristics during buffering and tensioning but has larger influence on that during releasing and taxiing.The increase of the off-center distance will cause the enhancement of the aircraft rolling and yawing,which may lead to the load difference between the left and right landing gears and the increase of the aircraft lateral acceleration.The establishment and simulation of the catapult launch multi body dynamic model founded on buffering,tensioning,releasing and taxiing provide reference for the carrier-based aircraft design and analysis of the catapult launch dynamics.

Optimal Preview Control for Automatic Carrier Landing System of Carrier-Based Aircraft with Air Wake

Carrier-based aircraft carrier landing is a special kind of tracking control problem and not suitable for classical control methods,which may miss the desired performance or result in overdesign.Therefore,we present an optimal preview control for automatic carrier landing system(ACLS)by using state information of system,as well as future reference information,which can avoid the shortcomings of classical control methods.Since the flight performance of carrier-based aircraft is disturbed by air wake when the aircraft flies near the area of carrier stern,we design a disturbance rejection strategy to ensure that aircraft track the glide path with high precision and robustness.Further,carrier-based aircraft is a complex nonlinear system.However,the nonlinear model of carrier-based aircraft can be linearized at equilibrium landing state and decoupled into the longitudinal model and the lateral model.Therefore,an optimal preview control system is designed.The simulation results of a carrier-based aircraft show that the optimal preview control system can effectively suppress air wake.Tracking accuracy of optimal preview controller is higher than that of the proportional integral differential(PID)control system.

Low PAPR Channel Estimation for OTFS with Scattered Superimposed Pilots

Orthogonal time frequency space(OTFS)modulation has been proven to be superior to traditional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM)systems in high-speed communication scenarios.However,the existing channel estimation schemes may results in poor peak to average power ratio(PAPR)performance of OTFS system or low spectrum efficiency.Hence,in this paper,we propose a low PAPR channel estimation scheme with high spectrum efficiency.Specifically,we design a multiple scattered pilot pattern,where multiple low power pilot symbols are superimposed with data symbols in delay-Doppler domain.Furthermore,we propose the placement rules for pilot symbols,which can guarantee the low PAPR.Moreover,the data aided iterative channel estimation was invoked,where joint channel estimation is proposed by exploiting multiple independent received signals instead of only one received signal in the existing scheme,which can mitigate the interference imposed by data symbols for channel estimation.Simulation results shows that the proposed multiple scattered pilot aided channel estimation scheme can significantly reduce the PAPR while keeping the high spectrum efficiency.

Study on Data Acquisition and Storage Based on FPGA in Carrier-based Photoelectric Warning System

In order to capture and storage video data real-time for carrier-based photoelectric warning system, An acquisition and storage system based on FPGA is designed. To complete the asynchronous interface timing of the camera and the storage system, the video data which come from infrared camera and visible light camera is stored to FIFO by FPGA, and then four SDRAM as cache and ping-pong operation cache-data storage to the CF card, this structure not only takes advantage of high-speed reading and writing skills of CF card, but also to ensure the integrity of the video data. In the final experiment proved that the system can be effectively applied to ships the photoelectric warning scanning system, its performance fully meet the needs of practical application.

Robot Pilot:A New Autonomous System toward Flying Manned Aerial Vehicles

The robot pilot is a new concept of a robot system that pilots a manned aircraft,thereby forming a new type of unmanned aircraft system(UAS)that makes full use of the platform maturity,load capacity,and airworthiness of existing manned aircraft while greatly expanding the operation and application fields of UASs.In this research,the implementation and advantages of the robot pilot concept are discussed in detail,and a helicopter robot pilot is proposed to fly manned helicopters.The robot manipulators are designed according to the handling characteristics of the helicopter-controlling mechanism.Based on a kinematic analysis of the robot manipulators,a direct-driving method is established for the robot flight controller to reduce the time delay and control error of the robot servo process.A supporting ground station is built to realize different flight modes and the functional integration of the robot pilot.Finally,a prototype of the helicopter robot pilot is processed and installed in a helicopter to carry out flight tests.The test results show that the robot pilot can independently fly the helicopter to realize forward flight,backward flight,side flight,and turning flight,which verifies the effectiveness of the helicopter robot pilot.

A Method for Classification and Evaluation of Pilot’s Mental States Based on CNN

How to accurately recognize the mental state of pilots is a focus in civil aviation safety.The mental state of pilots is closely related to their cognitive ability in piloting.Whether the cognitive ability meets the standard is related to flight safety.However,the pilot’s working state is unique,which increases the difficulty of analyzing the pilot’s mental state.In this work,we proposed a Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)that merges attention to classify the mental state of pilots through electroencephalography(EEG).Considering the individual differences in EEG,semi-supervised learning based on improvedK-Means is used in themodel training to improve the generalization ability of the model.We collected the EEG data of 12 pilot trainees during the simulated flight and compared the method in this paper with other methods on this data.The method in this paper achieved an accuracy of 86.29%,which is better than 4D-aNN and HCNN etc.Negative emotion will increase the probability of fatigue appearing,and emotion recognition is also meaningful during the flight.Then we conducted experiments on the public dataset SEED,and our method achieved an accuracy of 93.68%.In addition,we combine multiple parameters to evaluate the results of the classification network on a more detailed level and propose a corresponding scoring mechanism to display the mental state of the pilots directly.

On Differentiation Among Pilot Signals of Multiple Mobile Targets in Retro-Reflective Beamforming for Wireless Power Transmission

An experimental study is conducted on several retro-reflective beamforming schemes for wireless power transmission to multiple wireless power receivers(referred to herein as“targets”).The experimental results demonstrate that,when multiple targets broadcast continuous-wave pilot signals at respective frequencies,a retro-reflective wireless power transmitter is capable of generating multiple wireless power beams aiming at the respective targets as long as the multiple pilot signals are explicitly separated from one another by the wireless power transmitter.However,various practical complications are identified when the pilot signals of multiple targets are not appropriately differentiated from each other by the wireless power transmitter.Specifically,when multiple pilot signals are considered to be carried by the same frequency,the wireless power transmission performance becomes heavily dependent on the interaction among the pilot signals,which is highly undesirable in practice.In conclusion,it is essential for a retro-reflective wireless power transmitter to explicitly discriminate multiple targets’pilot signals among each other.

Study of the Activation Process of a 2 m3 Pilot Biodigester on a Microfarm Site

A domestic balloon-type digester with 1200 liters of substrate and a 700-litre gas reserve was installed at the Université Gaston Berger pilot farm, which has 4 cows. After an initial load of 1000 L of water, 90 L of bovine rumen and 145 L of cow dung, the functional parameters of the reaction medium, i.e., temperature, pH, salinity and conductimetry, were regularly monitored at a rate of 3 tests per day until the thirtieth day, corresponding to the flame test and the start of analysis and daily loading of the biodigester. The analysis of the biogas obtained after the flame test showed us the considerable contribution of bovine hindquarters to the CH4 fraction, which reached 72.2% from the start of the production phase. As anaerobic digestion is both a complex and multiparametric process, microbiological analysis revealed the presence of several strains of bacteria in the substrate used. Among the most abundant were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp, non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli and Enterococcus sp. However, the bacterial strain that interests us most in anaerobic digestion is the non-fermentative Gram-negative family. We see the identification and temporal monitoring of these families of bacteria as a major step forward in the control of anaerobic fermentation processes in the Sahelian context and in Senegal in particular.

Pilot Test for Nitrogen Foam Flooding in Low Permeability Reservoir

Due to the characteristics of reservoir formation,the producing level of low permeability reservoir is relatively very low.It is hard to obtain high recovery through conventional development schemes.Considering the tight matrix,complex fracture system,low production level of producers,and low recovery factor ofMblock in Xinjiang oilfield,it is selected for on-site pilot test of nitrogen foam flooding.Detailed flooding scheme is made and the test results are evaluated respectively both for producers and injectors.The pressure index,filling degree,and fluid injection profile are found to be all improved in injectors after injection of nitrogen foam.The oil production,water cut and liquid production file are also improved in most of the producers,with the natural decline rate in the test area become slow.Results show that nitrogen foam flooding technology can be good technical storage for enhanced oil recovery in low permeability reservoir.

“New Regulations”born regarding the pilot customized cosmetics

On April 10th,2023,Shanghai Medical Products Administration released a notice on publicly asking for opinions about Rules for the On-site Personalized Service Examination of Ordinary Cosmetics of Shanghai Pudong New Area(Trial)(exposure draft).This notice mainly explained the targeted group,purpose of release,condition of applying for filing,rules which organizations and relevant people should obey,quality administration system of personalized cosmetics.

Does innovative city pilot policy promote urban green growth in China?An analysis of green total factor productivity,2005-2020

The innovative city pilot policy(ICPP)is an essential manifestation of China’s construction of an innovative and green-driven development country.We incorporated urban green total factor productivity(GTFP)growth into the evaluation of ICPP.Based on the panel data of 223 cities in China from 2005 to 2020,we used the difference-in-differences model to empirically assess the influence and mechanism of the ICPP on urban GTFP growth.The main results show that(i)The ICPP has maintained an effectively fluctuating promotion on urban GTFP growth,mainly manifested in the urban green technological progress improvement.(ii)The ICPP has urban heterogeneity in promoting GTFP growth in pilot cities,mainly affecting key cities such as provincial capitals.(iii)The interaction between the agglomeration of producer services and the ICPP inhibits GTFP growth in pilot cities.

The Current Situation and Future Expectationsof China's Pilot Boatsl

Pilots need to board the ship for pilotage,but there are risks or potential dangers in the transfer of pilot.The author reviewed the history of the development of pilot boats,analyzed the potential risks or dangers of transferring pilot,proposed that pilot boat shall have the function of ensuring the safety of pilot when embarking or disembarking the ships,some suggestions on the future design and manufacture of Chinese pilot boats are also given according to the advantages and disadvantages of domestic and foreign pilot boats.

A Pilot Study about the First Cases of Coronary Angioplasty in Democratic Republic of Congo/Kinshasa: Patient Profile

Background: The objective of this pilot study was to describe clinical profile, electric, echocardiographic and angiographic caracteristics with procedural outcome of congolease patients undergoing coronarography in the first and only one cardiac catheterization center opened in Kinshasa. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out over a period from October 2019 (date of establishment of the first coronary angiography unit in DR Congo) to March 2021. We proceeded to a serial sampling of the consecutive cases of all the patients who have an angiographic exploration of coronary arteries. Clinical, ECG and cardiac ultrasound data were collected in all patients. The indications for the coronary angiography examination were set by differents cardiologists on the basis of repolarization troubles in the electrocardiogram, cinetic troubles in echocardiography, positive stress test and chest pain in patients with cardiovascular risq factors. Results: The serie (47 patients) was predominantly male with a sex ratio M/W of 2.6. The average age was 59.8 ± 10.5 years. Arterial hypertension (HBP) was the main risk factor (89.4%);followed by diabetes mellitus (14.9%). Chest pain was the main functional sign with an atypical character in 44.7%. The ECG showed ST segment depression (17%) and T wave inversion (17%), the anterior region being the most affected. Hypokinesia was the most common echocardiographic abnormality (34%), followed by akinesia (10.6%). The anteroseptal and apical territories were affected in 12.8%. Dilated myocardiopathy (DMC) was significantly predominant in the male sex (29.4% vs 7.7%;p = 0.011). With radial puncture as the main approach, coronary angiography was pathological in 44% revealing mono-truncal lesions. The left coronary network was the most affected: the middle inter ventricular artery (12.8%), the proximal interventricular artery (10.6%) and the proximal circonflex artery (10.6%). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, age (for age > 50 years for men and >60 years for women), arterial hypertension and dilated cardiomyopathy emerged as independent determinants of pathological coronary angiography. Transluminal angioplasty was performed in 27.7% of patients. The bypass indication was retained in 4.3% of cases and medical treatment in 68%. Conclusion: Coronary angiography was used to diagnose lesions responsible for ischemic heart disease and to treat 27.7% of patients locally. The young age of patients and limited financial resources encourage the strengthening of preventive measures against cardio vascular risq factors.

我国数字乡村试点的政策工具偏好及区域差异——基于全国72个试点县域的扎根分析

以数字技术赋能乡村建设是推动农业农村现代化转型的必然要求,也是实现乡村振兴、推动共同富裕的重要战略目标。自2020年中央一号文件首次提出数字乡村试点以来,全国各试点地积极推进数字乡村建设实践。已有研究或从乡村发展与变迁视角来阐释数字化建设对于乡村高质量发展的战略意义,或从数字治理视角呈现数字化驱动乡村治理的过程和机制,而较少关注“试点”政策本身,更缺乏政策工具的类型学归纳和分析。基于政策工具视角,研究对全国72个数字乡村试点县域的一、二手资料进行扎根分析,最终提炼出能力建设型、协同治理型和创新激励型三类政策工具,并在此基础上构建数字乡村建设的“价值实践张力—动力机制—政策工具选择—政策目标实现”分析框架。研究表明,以政府主导为依托的能力建设型工具处于绝对优势地位,在此基础上叠加协同治理型与创新激励型两类政策工具,共同促进数字乡村建设的纵深发展。具体而言,东部沿海及部分中部地区因其自身物质基础较好,偏重多种政策工具的组合运用,西部及东北地区则更偏好能力建设型工具的运用。然而政策工具的选取并非一成不变,而是随着情境的变化由单一转向动态化与多样化。本研究可为数字乡村试点的深入推进提供工具借鉴,也可为相关部门的决策提供参考。

基于电流模分量特性的多端柔性直流配电网线路纵联保护

多端柔性直流配电网因在供电可靠性方面极具优势而受到广泛的关注,然而对于直流线路保护中故障的快速、可靠识别成为其急速发展所需解决的关键问题之一。因此,设计了一种利用电流模分量特性的直流线路纵联保护方法。该方法利用故障时正极电流线模分量方向来判别区内外故障,以不同故障条件下故障点正极电流零模分量平均值的差异来构造保护判据,从而判别故障类型,形成保护策略。最后,在PSCAD/EMTDC4.5上搭建了多端柔性直流配电网模型,对保护判据及关键影响要素进行了仿真分析。结果表明,该保护方法能够有选择性地快速、可靠识别区内外故障及故障类型,且具有较好的耐过渡电阻与抗噪声能力。

我国结核病关爱行动试点项目基线调查分析

目的:分析“我国结核病关爱行动试点项目”首批40个试点县(区)实施前的结核病防治工作基本情况,为后续实施效果的评估及相关措施的推广提供基线数据。方法:2023年4—6月,中国疾病预防控制中心结核病控制中心向首批实施试点项目的15个省的40个试点县(区)结核病防治机构发放统一的半结构化电子版调查问卷,了解并分析项目开始前一年(即2022年)试点县(区)结核病定点医疗机构的服务能力、结核病患者人文关怀和重点人群筛查等措施的开展情况。结果:40个试点县(区)定点医疗机构以综合医院为主[23家(57.50%)],其次是专科医院[8家(20.00%]和疾病预防控制机构[6家(15.00%)]。共有结核病防治人员1017名,每家配备专业人员范围[中位数(四分位数)]为3~64名[19.5(12.5,34.0)名],以门诊和住院医生、护理人员为主[分别为326名(32.05%)和225名(22.12%)],其次为影像科医生和实验室人员[分别为187名(18.39%)和134名(13.18%)]。共报告结核病患者10123例,包括9980例(98.59%)肺结核[包括病原学阳性患者6326例(63.39%)]和143例(1.41%)肺外结核,病原学阴性肺结核的诊断总符合率为85.69%(629/734),但对气管支气管结核的诊断符合率仅有17.86%(5/28)。40个试点县(区)均开展了抗酸杆菌涂片显微镜检查和结核菌素皮肤试验(PPD试验),开展分枝杆菌分离培养、结核分枝杆菌核酸检测和抗结核药物耐药筛查的县(区)分别有39个(97.50%)、37个(92.50%)和32个(80.00%),但开展重组结核分枝杆菌融合蛋白和γ-干扰素释放试验的仅分别有16个(40.00%)和19个(47.50%);开展X线摄影检查、CT检查、人工智能诊断阅片和远程会诊等技术的分别有39个(97.50%)、31个(77.50%)、14个(35.00%)和23个(57.50%)。17个(42.50%)县(区)应用了信息化手段管理患者,15个(37.50%)县(区)提供了交通或营养补助,但开展营养评估和支持治疗、心理支持的均不足30%;36个(90.00%)县(区)将结核病纳入门诊特殊病种,分别有26个(65.00%)县(区)将耐药结核病纳入大病保障和分子生物学检测纳入报销范围。HIV感染者/AIDS患者和结核病患者密切接触者的胸部影像学总体筛查率均较高[分别为96.06%(17105/17807)和92.81%(46884/50515)],但65岁及以上老年人和糖尿病患者的总体筛查率均较低[分别为13.48%(377436/2800877)和12.27%(93808/764416)]。新生入学结核病筛查开展率不高[60.00%(24/40)~80.00%(32/40)],托养机构和福利机构开展率偏低[分别为20.69%(6/29)和25.00%(8/32)]。结论:各试点县(区)试点前均已具备结核病诊断所需的基本硬件条件,但尚需在病原学阴性肺结核规范诊断、信息化管理手段的应用、患者人文关怀措施和医疗保障政策的落实,以及重点人群的筛查方面进一步提升。