Objective: To investigate the protective effects of aqueous seed extracts of fennel"Foeniculum vulgare"(FVE) and caraway "Carum carvi"(CCE) on liver, kidney and reproductive organs in female rats a...Objective: To investigate the protective effects of aqueous seed extracts of fennel"Foeniculum vulgare"(FVE) and caraway "Carum carvi"(CCE) on liver, kidney and reproductive organs in female rats against cadmium chloride(CC) intoxication.Methods: A total of 36 adult female rats were divided into six groups, six in each group.Control group(fed normal diet), CC-treated group(50 mg CC/kg diet), CCE-treated group(150 mg CCE/kg diet), CCE + CC group, FVE(150 mg/kg diet) and FVE + CC. One month later, all rats were sacrificed and all samples were collected at proestrus phase.Results: The toxic effects of CC were confirmed biochemically by significant increase of serum concentration of liver enzymes(P < 0.05), and creatinine(P < 0.001). Moreover,CC increased significantly the serum level of malondialdehyde(MDA) and decreased the total antioxidant capacity(TAC)(P < 0.001). In addition, serum concentrations of estrogen, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH) and luteinizing hormone(LH)were significantly decreased(P < 0.01). Histopathologically, CC-treated group revealed marked pathological changes in renal, hepatic, ovarian and uterine tissues. All toxic findings observed in liver and kidney with CC treatment were found to be ameliorated markedly after co-treatments with FVE or CCE. Furthermore, co-treatment of FVE with CC improved significantly all studied reproductive parameters(P < 0.01).Conclusions: Both FVE and CCE could be used as efficient treatments for liver and kidney against CC intoxication. Moreover, FVE could be utilized as a potent treatment to protect and improve female fertility from cadmium intoxication.展开更多
This survey was conducted to evaluate the impact of virgin olive oil nanoemulsion(ONE) combined with ajowan(Carum copticum) essential oil(AEO) on quality of lamb loin under refrigerated condition. The treatments were ...This survey was conducted to evaluate the impact of virgin olive oil nanoemulsion(ONE) combined with ajowan(Carum copticum) essential oil(AEO) on quality of lamb loin under refrigerated condition. The treatments were control, ONE, ONE + 1% AEO, and ONE + 2% AEO. The treatments caused a delay in growth of mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, and lactic acid bacteria during chilled storage. The increasing rate of total volatile nitrogen content, lipid and protein oxidation, metmyoglobin formation, and color deterioration was more retarded in treatment groups. The treatments including ONE + 1% AEO and ONE + 2% AEO were more efficient than ONE alone to delay microbial flora growth, slow down oxidative processes, and improve color in the loins. According to the results of microbial, chemical, and sensory parameters, shelflife of lamb loins was 4 days in control, 8 days in ONE, and at least 16 days in ONE + 1% AEO and ONE + 2% AEO groups. In conclusion, combination of ONE and AEO is appropriate as natural preservative to extend the shelflife of lamb loins stored under chilled condition.展开更多
Plant secondary metabolites play an important role in plant-insect interactions and therefore such compounds may have insecticidal or antifeedant activity against insects. Carum copticum C. B. Clarke （Apiaceae） is o...Plant secondary metabolites play an important role in plant-insect interactions and therefore such compounds may have insecticidal or antifeedant activity against insects. Carum copticum C. B. Clarke （Apiaceae） is one of these plants that have medicinal effects on humans. The chemical composition of the essential oil from dry seeds of C. copticum was studied by gas chromatography （GC） and gas chromatography mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. Thymol （41.34%）,α-terpinolene （17.46%） and ρ-cymene （11.76%） were found to be the major constituents of the oil. In fumigant toxicity tests with the essential oil against adults of Sitophilus oryzae （L.） and Tribolium castaneum （Herbst） at 27 ±1℃ and 60% ± 5% RH, it was observed that S. oryzae （LC50 = 0.91 μL/L） were significantly susceptible than T. castaneum （LC50 = 33.14 μL/L）. The mortalities of the insect species reached 100% at concentrations higher than 185.2 μL/L and 12-h exposure time. The findings indicate the strong insecticidal activity of C. copticum oil and its potential role as a fumigant for storedproduct insects.展开更多
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of the hydroalcoholic extracts of Malva sylvestris flowers or Carum carvi and Medicago sativa seeds, alone and in combinatio...Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of the hydroalcoholic extracts of Malva sylvestris flowers or Carum carvi and Medicago sativa seeds, alone and in combination, which have been used in traditional Iranian medicine.Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into 6 treatment groups: distilled water, sodium salicylate(SS),M. sylvestris extract(600 mg/kg), C. carvi extract(600 mg/kg), M. sativa extract(300 mg/kg) and combined extract(including 300 mg/kg M. sylvestris and C. carvi extracts, and 150 mg/kg M. sativa extract). The formalin pain model was used to evaluate the antinociceptive effects of the treatments. For anti-inflammatory effect, acute(one hour after injection) and chronic(during a week after injection)paw inflammation was measured after subcutaneous injection of 2.5% formalin in the hindpaw.Finally, tissue samples from all groups were prepared for histopathological studies.Results: The combined extract significantly inhibited the nociception in the acute phase of the formalin test(P < 0.001). In the chronic phase, all the extracts and SS had significant analgesic effect(P < 0.001).Analgesic activity of the combined extract was significantly stronger than SS(P < 0.01). In the acute inflammation model, M. sylvestris, C. carvi and the combined drug had significant inhibitory effects against paw edema(P < 0.05). All extracts, individually and in combination, significantly alleviated chronic paw inflammation(P < 0.01). The combined extract had much more anti-inflammatory activity than SS(P < 0.05). Histopathological results indicated improvement and reduction of inflammatory factors in the treatment groups.Conclusion: M. sylvestris, C. carvi and M. sativa have analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties.Potentially, each of these extracts or a mixture of them might be a valuable alternative drug to control pain and inflammation.展开更多
Carum carvi or caraway is traditionally used for treatment of indigestion,pneumonia,and as appetizer,galactagogue,and carminative.Essential oil,fixed oil and many other valuable extractive compounds with industrial ap...Carum carvi or caraway is traditionally used for treatment of indigestion,pneumonia,and as appetizer,galactagogue,and carminative.Essential oil,fixed oil and many other valuable extractive compounds with industrial applications are prepared from caraway.This review article has new deep research on caraway as medicinal plant.For preparing the manuscript,the information was extracted from accessible international databases(Google scholar,PubMed,Science direct,Springer,and Wiley),electronic resources and traditional books by key word of caraway or Carum carvi.The results of traditional studies exhibited that the galactagogue and carminative effects of caraway fruits are superior to other effects.Although,the traditional scholars used it as appetizer,while caraway was the main ingredient of anti-obesity drugs in traditional medicine,which has been confirmed in two modern clinical trials of human studies.Caraway oil in combination with peppermint oil or menthol is used for treatment of functional dyspepsia in clinical studies.Caraway oil topically on abdomen relieves the IBS symptoms in patient.Although,the use of caraway oil is not recommended in adults under 18 years due to insufficient data,but it can topically use as anti-colic and carminative agent in children or infants.The antiaflatoxigenic,antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of caraway oil along with its reputation as spice help the industries to use it as natural preservatives and antioxidant agents.展开更多
Objective:To explore the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of caraway on atopic dermatitis(AD)in mice.Methods:AD was induced in two stages,including sensitization and challenge with the application of 2,4 dini...Objective:To explore the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of caraway on atopic dermatitis(AD)in mice.Methods:AD was induced in two stages,including sensitization and challenge with the application of 2,4 dinitrochlorobenzene 2% and 0.2%,respectively.Clinical symptoms and histological analysis of the skin were assessed.The effects of caraway on oxidant/antioxidant parameters as well as Th1-and Th2-related cytokines were also evaluated.Results:Caraway reduced the severity of dermatitis in AD-induced mice,as evidenced by significant inhibition of Th2-related cytokines(IL-4 and IL-13)and increased Th1-related cytokine(IFN-γ).Additionally,treatment with caraway significantly increased superoxide dismutase and catalase activity and decreased the malondialdehyde level in the serum of AD mice.Furthermore,caraway inhibited the differentiation of Th2 cells while favoring Th1 cell differentiation in the spleen via regulating their master transcription factors GATA3 and T-bet.Conclusions:Caraway could improve AD autoimmune responses and could be considered a potential candidate to treat AD disease.展开更多
文摘Objective: To investigate the protective effects of aqueous seed extracts of fennel"Foeniculum vulgare"(FVE) and caraway "Carum carvi"(CCE) on liver, kidney and reproductive organs in female rats against cadmium chloride(CC) intoxication.Methods: A total of 36 adult female rats were divided into six groups, six in each group.Control group(fed normal diet), CC-treated group(50 mg CC/kg diet), CCE-treated group(150 mg CCE/kg diet), CCE + CC group, FVE(150 mg/kg diet) and FVE + CC. One month later, all rats were sacrificed and all samples were collected at proestrus phase.Results: The toxic effects of CC were confirmed biochemically by significant increase of serum concentration of liver enzymes(P < 0.05), and creatinine(P < 0.001). Moreover,CC increased significantly the serum level of malondialdehyde(MDA) and decreased the total antioxidant capacity(TAC)(P < 0.001). In addition, serum concentrations of estrogen, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH) and luteinizing hormone(LH)were significantly decreased(P < 0.01). Histopathologically, CC-treated group revealed marked pathological changes in renal, hepatic, ovarian and uterine tissues. All toxic findings observed in liver and kidney with CC treatment were found to be ameliorated markedly after co-treatments with FVE or CCE. Furthermore, co-treatment of FVE with CC improved significantly all studied reproductive parameters(P < 0.01).Conclusions: Both FVE and CCE could be used as efficient treatments for liver and kidney against CC intoxication. Moreover, FVE could be utilized as a potent treatment to protect and improve female fertility from cadmium intoxication.
基金a part of MSc dissertation approved and financially supported by the Shahrekord University, Iran。
文摘This survey was conducted to evaluate the impact of virgin olive oil nanoemulsion(ONE) combined with ajowan(Carum copticum) essential oil(AEO) on quality of lamb loin under refrigerated condition. The treatments were control, ONE, ONE + 1% AEO, and ONE + 2% AEO. The treatments caused a delay in growth of mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, and lactic acid bacteria during chilled storage. The increasing rate of total volatile nitrogen content, lipid and protein oxidation, metmyoglobin formation, and color deterioration was more retarded in treatment groups. The treatments including ONE + 1% AEO and ONE + 2% AEO were more efficient than ONE alone to delay microbial flora growth, slow down oxidative processes, and improve color in the loins. According to the results of microbial, chemical, and sensory parameters, shelflife of lamb loins was 4 days in control, 8 days in ONE, and at least 16 days in ONE + 1% AEO and ONE + 2% AEO groups. In conclusion, combination of ONE and AEO is appropriate as natural preservative to extend the shelflife of lamb loins stored under chilled condition.
文摘Plant secondary metabolites play an important role in plant-insect interactions and therefore such compounds may have insecticidal or antifeedant activity against insects. Carum copticum C. B. Clarke （Apiaceae） is one of these plants that have medicinal effects on humans. The chemical composition of the essential oil from dry seeds of C. copticum was studied by gas chromatography （GC） and gas chromatography mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. Thymol （41.34%）,α-terpinolene （17.46%） and ρ-cymene （11.76%） were found to be the major constituents of the oil. In fumigant toxicity tests with the essential oil against adults of Sitophilus oryzae （L.） and Tribolium castaneum （Herbst） at 27 ±1℃ and 60% ± 5% RH, it was observed that S. oryzae （LC50 = 0.91 μL/L） were significantly susceptible than T. castaneum （LC50 = 33.14 μL/L）. The mortalities of the insect species reached 100% at concentrations higher than 185.2 μL/L and 12-h exposure time. The findings indicate the strong insecticidal activity of C. copticum oil and its potential role as a fumigant for storedproduct insects.
文摘Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of the hydroalcoholic extracts of Malva sylvestris flowers or Carum carvi and Medicago sativa seeds, alone and in combination, which have been used in traditional Iranian medicine.Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into 6 treatment groups: distilled water, sodium salicylate(SS),M. sylvestris extract(600 mg/kg), C. carvi extract(600 mg/kg), M. sativa extract(300 mg/kg) and combined extract(including 300 mg/kg M. sylvestris and C. carvi extracts, and 150 mg/kg M. sativa extract). The formalin pain model was used to evaluate the antinociceptive effects of the treatments. For anti-inflammatory effect, acute(one hour after injection) and chronic(during a week after injection)paw inflammation was measured after subcutaneous injection of 2.5% formalin in the hindpaw.Finally, tissue samples from all groups were prepared for histopathological studies.Results: The combined extract significantly inhibited the nociception in the acute phase of the formalin test(P < 0.001). In the chronic phase, all the extracts and SS had significant analgesic effect(P < 0.001).Analgesic activity of the combined extract was significantly stronger than SS(P < 0.01). In the acute inflammation model, M. sylvestris, C. carvi and the combined drug had significant inhibitory effects against paw edema(P < 0.05). All extracts, individually and in combination, significantly alleviated chronic paw inflammation(P < 0.01). The combined extract had much more anti-inflammatory activity than SS(P < 0.05). Histopathological results indicated improvement and reduction of inflammatory factors in the treatment groups.Conclusion: M. sylvestris, C. carvi and M. sativa have analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties.Potentially, each of these extracts or a mixture of them might be a valuable alternative drug to control pain and inflammation.
文摘Carum carvi or caraway is traditionally used for treatment of indigestion,pneumonia,and as appetizer,galactagogue,and carminative.Essential oil,fixed oil and many other valuable extractive compounds with industrial applications are prepared from caraway.This review article has new deep research on caraway as medicinal plant.For preparing the manuscript,the information was extracted from accessible international databases(Google scholar,PubMed,Science direct,Springer,and Wiley),electronic resources and traditional books by key word of caraway or Carum carvi.The results of traditional studies exhibited that the galactagogue and carminative effects of caraway fruits are superior to other effects.Although,the traditional scholars used it as appetizer,while caraway was the main ingredient of anti-obesity drugs in traditional medicine,which has been confirmed in two modern clinical trials of human studies.Caraway oil in combination with peppermint oil or menthol is used for treatment of functional dyspepsia in clinical studies.Caraway oil topically on abdomen relieves the IBS symptoms in patient.Although,the use of caraway oil is not recommended in adults under 18 years due to insufficient data,but it can topically use as anti-colic and carminative agent in children or infants.The antiaflatoxigenic,antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of caraway oil along with its reputation as spice help the industries to use it as natural preservatives and antioxidant agents.
文摘Objective:To explore the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of caraway on atopic dermatitis(AD)in mice.Methods:AD was induced in two stages,including sensitization and challenge with the application of 2,4 dinitrochlorobenzene 2% and 0.2%,respectively.Clinical symptoms and histological analysis of the skin were assessed.The effects of caraway on oxidant/antioxidant parameters as well as Th1-and Th2-related cytokines were also evaluated.Results:Caraway reduced the severity of dermatitis in AD-induced mice,as evidenced by significant inhibition of Th2-related cytokines(IL-4 and IL-13)and increased Th1-related cytokine(IFN-γ).Additionally,treatment with caraway significantly increased superoxide dismutase and catalase activity and decreased the malondialdehyde level in the serum of AD mice.Furthermore,caraway inhibited the differentiation of Th2 cells while favoring Th1 cell differentiation in the spleen via regulating their master transcription factors GATA3 and T-bet.Conclusions:Caraway could improve AD autoimmune responses and could be considered a potential candidate to treat AD disease.
