Objective: To study the stereoselective glucuronidation of carvedilol (CARV) by three Chinese liver microsomes. Methods: The metabolites of CARV were identified by a hydrolysis reaction with β-glucuronidase and HPLC-...Objective: To study the stereoselective glucuronidation of carvedilol (CARV) by three Chinese liver microsomes. Methods: The metabolites of CARV were identified by a hydrolysis reaction with β-glucuronidase and HPLC-MS/MS. The enzyme kinetics for CARV enantiomers glucuronidation was determined by a reversed phase-high pressure liquid chromatogra-phy (RP-HPLC) assay using (S)-propafenone as internal standard after precolumn derivatization with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosylisothiocyanate. Results: Two CARV glucuronides were found in three Chinese liver microsomes incubated with CARV. The non-linear regression analysis showed that the values of Km and Vmax for (S)-CARV and (R)-CARV enantiomers were (118±44) μmol/L, (2 500±833) pmol/(min·mg protein) and (24±7) μmol/L, (953±399) pmol/(min·mg protein), respectively. Conclusion: These results suggested that there was a significant (P<0.05) stereoselective glucuronidation of CARV enantiomers in three Chinese liver microsomes, which might partly explain the enantioselective pharmacokinetics of CARV.展开更多
The carved lacquer craft,a gem of traditional Chinese crafts,boasts a history of over 2,000 years and features craftsmanship of a superior order.This study attempts to investigate the typical tasks and learning result...The carved lacquer craft,a gem of traditional Chinese crafts,boasts a history of over 2,000 years and features craftsmanship of a superior order.This study attempts to investigate the typical tasks and learning result evaluation of carved lacquer apprentices at the novice stage by the method of qualitative research with 11 carved lacquer craft inheritors of a studio of a carved lacquer master.It is discovered that the design of carved lacquer draft sketches,the design of carved lacquer patterns,and the making and use of carved lacquer tools are typical tasks of novice apprentices,while the modeling and aesthetics of works,carving skills,and the level of interaction with the carved lacquer community are important criteria for evaluating the development of the skills of novice apprentices.展开更多
CHINA is home to porcelain. There are thousands of art forms related to porcelain in the country. Among these art froms, carved porcelain is a very unique kind.
At present, the protection of the legend of Ding Lan Carved Wood is declining and fails to give full play to its function of building filial culture. Combined with the examination of the contemporary inheritance and p...At present, the protection of the legend of Ding Lan Carved Wood is declining and fails to give full play to its function of building filial culture. Combined with the examination of the contemporary inheritance and protection of the legend of Ding Lan Carved Wood, we make full use of the existing resources of the legend of Ding Lan Carved Wood in urban areas and unite the cities of Xuzhou, Xingping, and Jiaozuo to put forward practical and favorable suggestions for development and inheritance, and jointly promote the exploration of the development and inheritance path of the filial culture of the legend of Ding Lan Carved Wood.展开更多
Students of the Faculty of Architecture in Sarajevo,through the course Architecture of the Old Age,were able to get acquainted with“architecture carved in rock”,and only a very limited number of examples-the archi&#...Students of the Faculty of Architecture in Sarajevo,through the course Architecture of the Old Age,were able to get acquainted with“architecture carved in rock”,and only a very limited number of examples-the architecture of ancient Egypt,ancient Greek architecture in Asia Minor(Lycia),and the architecture of ancient Persia.Many examples of this architectural expression remained unknown to them:the architecture of ancient and medieval India,the architecture of ancient and medieval China,the architecture of the ancient Middle East(the area of today’s Israel,Jordan,Saudi Arabia),vernacular architecture around the world from different historical periods.As a teacher at the Faculty of Architecture in Sarajevo,the author,after switching to the education of architecture students in accordance with the“Bologna process”(2003),presented“architecture carved in the rocks”through a series of subjects,through all levels of education(undergraduate,master’s and doctoral studies),within the framework of processing narrower topics of architecture:constructive systems in architecture,bioclimatic architecture,architecture as an energy system,architecture in context.The complex process of creating architecture and explaining its appearance was elaborated by the author(1988)in his doctoral dissertation.The topic“Architecture Carved in Rocks”was elaborated according to this model,which on the one hand confirmed its applicability,and on the other hand enabled students to look at the highly dispersed appearance of architecture in an extremely systematic way,without losing sight of its basic elements:environment,man,boundaries and perspectives.The aim of this work is to show(and through examples in Bosnia and Herzegovina)that natural caves,with more or less“refining”,are still used today,and that“carving architecture into rocks”is an all-time and planetary phenomenon.展开更多
"Carved silk" originated during the Five Dynasties (907-960) period and gained great popularity during the Song Dynasty (960-1279). This particular style of weave, which features the same design on both side..."Carved silk" originated during the Five Dynasties (907-960) period and gained great popularity during the Song Dynasty (960-1279). This particular style of weave, which features the same design on both sides, is clearly defined as if engraved with a knife. The distinct quality of the work led to the moniker "Carved Silk." The two most outstanding pieces of carved silk—展开更多
As early as the sixth century, carved lacquerware had already appeared in China. Usually a work must be given more than 30 coats of red lacquer, and then it is carved after drying in darkness. Carved lacquerware has a...As early as the sixth century, carved lacquerware had already appeared in China. Usually a work must be given more than 30 coats of red lacquer, and then it is carved after drying in darkness. Carved lacquerware has always been regarded as a precious gift. In the past, however, lacquerware was only used in the palace; today common people enjoy its beauty and utility. The Beijing Carved Lacquerware Mill is reputed for its quality products, most of which find ready sale on the international market. Masters and students—most of whom are women—have played an important role in the development of carved lacquerware.展开更多
COMING from Dali of YunnanProvince where millions of Baiethnic people live in compactcommunities,carved plums,(or Baicarved plums),have a harvesthistory of more than one thousandyears.They are tasty,great thirst-quenc...COMING from Dali of YunnanProvince where millions of Baiethnic people live in compactcommunities,carved plums,(or Baicarved plums),have a harvesthistory of more than one thousandyears.They are tasty,great thirst-quenchers and fine appetizers. Eryuan County plums are展开更多
Zhao Shuguo, a professor at the Sculpture Department of the Sichuan Academy of Fine Arts, became interested in carved wooden beds with their intricate patterns when he went into the midst of the common people to colle...Zhao Shuguo, a professor at the Sculpture Department of the Sichuan Academy of Fine Arts, became interested in carved wooden beds with their intricate patterns when he went into the midst of the common people to collect folk art carvings. Ever since he has collected and studied these beds which were recenfiy displayed in a special exhibition. The carved wooden beds, made during the Ming and Qing dynasties (1368-展开更多
The strength of water-bearing rock cannot be obtained in real time and by nondestructive experiments,which is an issue at cultural relics protection sites such as grotto temples.To solve this problem,we conducted a ne...The strength of water-bearing rock cannot be obtained in real time and by nondestructive experiments,which is an issue at cultural relics protection sites such as grotto temples.To solve this problem,we conducted a near-infrared spectrum acquisition experiment in the field and laboratory uniaxial compression strength tests on sandstone that had different water saturation levels.The correlations between the peak height and peak area of the nearinfrared absorption bands of the water-bearing sandstone and uniaxial compressive strength were analyzed.On this basis,a strength prediction model for water-bearing sandstone was established using the long short-term memory full convolutional network(LSTM-FCN)method.Subsequently,a field engineering test was carried out.The results showed that:(1)The sandstone samples had four distinct characteristic absorption peaks at 1400,1900,2200,and 2325 nm.The peak height and peak area of the absorption bands near 1400 nm and 1900 nm had a negative correlation with uniaxial compressive strength.The peak height and peak area of the absorption bands near 2200 nm and 2325 nm had nonlinear positive correlations with uniaxial compressive strength.(2)The LSTM-FCN method was used to establish a strength prediction model for water-bearing sandstone based on near-infrared spectroscopy,and the model achieved an accuracy of up to 97.52%.(3)The prediction model was used to realize non-destructive,quantitative,and real-time determination of uniaxial compressive strength;this represents a new method for the non-destructive testing of grotto rock mass at sites of cultural relics protection.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30225047)the Science and Technology Foundation of Zhejiang Province, China (No. 2005C13026)
文摘Objective: To study the stereoselective glucuronidation of carvedilol (CARV) by three Chinese liver microsomes. Methods: The metabolites of CARV were identified by a hydrolysis reaction with β-glucuronidase and HPLC-MS/MS. The enzyme kinetics for CARV enantiomers glucuronidation was determined by a reversed phase-high pressure liquid chromatogra-phy (RP-HPLC) assay using (S)-propafenone as internal standard after precolumn derivatization with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosylisothiocyanate. Results: Two CARV glucuronides were found in three Chinese liver microsomes incubated with CARV. The non-linear regression analysis showed that the values of Km and Vmax for (S)-CARV and (R)-CARV enantiomers were (118±44) μmol/L, (2 500±833) pmol/(min·mg protein) and (24±7) μmol/L, (953±399) pmol/(min·mg protein), respectively. Conclusion: These results suggested that there was a significant (P<0.05) stereoselective glucuronidation of CARV enantiomers in three Chinese liver microsomes, which might partly explain the enantioselective pharmacokinetics of CARV.
文摘The carved lacquer craft,a gem of traditional Chinese crafts,boasts a history of over 2,000 years and features craftsmanship of a superior order.This study attempts to investigate the typical tasks and learning result evaluation of carved lacquer apprentices at the novice stage by the method of qualitative research with 11 carved lacquer craft inheritors of a studio of a carved lacquer master.It is discovered that the design of carved lacquer draft sketches,the design of carved lacquer patterns,and the making and use of carved lacquer tools are typical tasks of novice apprentices,while the modeling and aesthetics of works,carving skills,and the level of interaction with the carved lacquer community are important criteria for evaluating the development of the skills of novice apprentices.
文摘CHINA is home to porcelain. There are thousands of art forms related to porcelain in the country. Among these art froms, carved porcelain is a very unique kind.
文摘At present, the protection of the legend of Ding Lan Carved Wood is declining and fails to give full play to its function of building filial culture. Combined with the examination of the contemporary inheritance and protection of the legend of Ding Lan Carved Wood, we make full use of the existing resources of the legend of Ding Lan Carved Wood in urban areas and unite the cities of Xuzhou, Xingping, and Jiaozuo to put forward practical and favorable suggestions for development and inheritance, and jointly promote the exploration of the development and inheritance path of the filial culture of the legend of Ding Lan Carved Wood.
文摘Students of the Faculty of Architecture in Sarajevo,through the course Architecture of the Old Age,were able to get acquainted with“architecture carved in rock”,and only a very limited number of examples-the architecture of ancient Egypt,ancient Greek architecture in Asia Minor(Lycia),and the architecture of ancient Persia.Many examples of this architectural expression remained unknown to them:the architecture of ancient and medieval India,the architecture of ancient and medieval China,the architecture of the ancient Middle East(the area of today’s Israel,Jordan,Saudi Arabia),vernacular architecture around the world from different historical periods.As a teacher at the Faculty of Architecture in Sarajevo,the author,after switching to the education of architecture students in accordance with the“Bologna process”(2003),presented“architecture carved in the rocks”through a series of subjects,through all levels of education(undergraduate,master’s and doctoral studies),within the framework of processing narrower topics of architecture:constructive systems in architecture,bioclimatic architecture,architecture as an energy system,architecture in context.The complex process of creating architecture and explaining its appearance was elaborated by the author(1988)in his doctoral dissertation.The topic“Architecture Carved in Rocks”was elaborated according to this model,which on the one hand confirmed its applicability,and on the other hand enabled students to look at the highly dispersed appearance of architecture in an extremely systematic way,without losing sight of its basic elements:environment,man,boundaries and perspectives.The aim of this work is to show(and through examples in Bosnia and Herzegovina)that natural caves,with more or less“refining”,are still used today,and that“carving architecture into rocks”is an all-time and planetary phenomenon.
文摘"Carved silk" originated during the Five Dynasties (907-960) period and gained great popularity during the Song Dynasty (960-1279). This particular style of weave, which features the same design on both sides, is clearly defined as if engraved with a knife. The distinct quality of the work led to the moniker "Carved Silk." The two most outstanding pieces of carved silk—
文摘As early as the sixth century, carved lacquerware had already appeared in China. Usually a work must be given more than 30 coats of red lacquer, and then it is carved after drying in darkness. Carved lacquerware has always been regarded as a precious gift. In the past, however, lacquerware was only used in the palace; today common people enjoy its beauty and utility. The Beijing Carved Lacquerware Mill is reputed for its quality products, most of which find ready sale on the international market. Masters and students—most of whom are women—have played an important role in the development of carved lacquerware.
文摘COMING from Dali of YunnanProvince where millions of Baiethnic people live in compactcommunities,carved plums,(or Baicarved plums),have a harvesthistory of more than one thousandyears.They are tasty,great thirst-quenchers and fine appetizers. Eryuan County plums are
文摘Zhao Shuguo, a professor at the Sculpture Department of the Sichuan Academy of Fine Arts, became interested in carved wooden beds with their intricate patterns when he went into the midst of the common people to collect folk art carvings. Ever since he has collected and studied these beds which were recenfiy displayed in a special exhibition. The carved wooden beds, made during the Ming and Qing dynasties (1368-
基金supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Mountain Geological Hazard Prevention(PCMGH-2021-05)the Special Fund for Fundamental Research Business Expenses of Central Universities(Grant No.600101110102)。
文摘The strength of water-bearing rock cannot be obtained in real time and by nondestructive experiments,which is an issue at cultural relics protection sites such as grotto temples.To solve this problem,we conducted a near-infrared spectrum acquisition experiment in the field and laboratory uniaxial compression strength tests on sandstone that had different water saturation levels.The correlations between the peak height and peak area of the nearinfrared absorption bands of the water-bearing sandstone and uniaxial compressive strength were analyzed.On this basis,a strength prediction model for water-bearing sandstone was established using the long short-term memory full convolutional network(LSTM-FCN)method.Subsequently,a field engineering test was carried out.The results showed that:(1)The sandstone samples had four distinct characteristic absorption peaks at 1400,1900,2200,and 2325 nm.The peak height and peak area of the absorption bands near 1400 nm and 1900 nm had a negative correlation with uniaxial compressive strength.The peak height and peak area of the absorption bands near 2200 nm and 2325 nm had nonlinear positive correlations with uniaxial compressive strength.(2)The LSTM-FCN method was used to establish a strength prediction model for water-bearing sandstone based on near-infrared spectroscopy,and the model achieved an accuracy of up to 97.52%.(3)The prediction model was used to realize non-destructive,quantitative,and real-time determination of uniaxial compressive strength;this represents a new method for the non-destructive testing of grotto rock mass at sites of cultural relics protection.
