Improvement for design of beam structures in large vibrating screen considering bending and random vibration

Demand for large vibrating screen is huge in the mineral processing industry. As bending and random vibration are not considered in a traditional design method for beam structures of a large vibrating screen, fatigue damage occurs frequently to affect the screening performance. This work aims to conduct a systematic mechanics analysis of the beam structures and improve the design method. Total motion of a beam structure in screening process can be decomposed into the traditional followed rigid translation(FRT), bending vibration(BV) and axial linear-distributed random rigid translation(ALRRT) excited by the side-plates. When treated as a generalized single-degree-of-freedom(SDOF) elastic system analytically, the BV can be solved by the Rayleigh's method. Stochastic analysis for random process is conducted for the detailed ALRRT calculation. Expressions for the mechanics property, namely, the shearing force and bending-moment with respect to BV and ALRRT, are derived, respectively. Experimental and numerical investigations demonstrate that the largest BV exists at the beam center and can be nearly ignored in comparison with the FRT during a simplified engineering design. With the BV and FRT considered, the mechanics property accords well with the practical situation with the maximum error of 6.33%, which is less than that obtained by traditional method.

Dynamic analysis of elastic screen surface with multiple attached substructures and experimental validation

A feasible method to improve the reliability and processing efficiency of large vibrating screen via the application of an elastic screen surface with multiple attached substructures （ESSMAS） was proposed. In the ESSMAS, every screen rod, with ends embedded into elastomer, is coupled to the main screen structure in a relatively flexible manner. The theoretical analysis was conducted, which consists of establishing dynamic model promoted from the fuzzy structure theory as well as calculating for the equivalent stiffness of each attached structure. According to the numerical simulation using the NEWMARK-fl integration method, this assembling pattern significantly leads to the screen surface/rod having larger vibration intensity than that of the corresponding position on screen structure, which specifically, with an averaged acceleration amplitude increasing ratio of 11.37% in theoretical analysis and 20.27% in experimental test. The experimental results, within a tolerant error, also confirm the established model and demonstrate the feasibility of ESSMAS.

Dynamic analysis of new type elastic screen surface with multi degree of freedom and experimental validation

A feasible method was proposed to improve the vibration intensity of screen surface via application of a new type elastic screen surface with multi degree of freedom(NTESSMDF). In the NTESSMDF, the primary robs were coupled to the main screen structure with ends embedded into the elastomers, and the secondary robs were attached to adjacent two primary robs with elastic bands. The dynamic model of vibrating screen with NTESSMDF was established based on Lagrange's equation and the equivalent stiffnesses of the elastomer and elastic band were calculated. According to numerical simulation using the 4th order Runge-Kutta method, the vibration intensity of screen surface can be enhanced substantially with an averaged acceleration amplitude increasing ratio of 72.36%. The primary robs and secondary robs vibrate inversely in steady state, which would result in the friability of materials and avoid stoppage. The experimental results validate the dynamic characteristics with acceleration amplitude rising by62.93% on average, which demonstrates the feasibility of NTESSMDF.

Mechanism of Aperture Blinding in Screening Wet and Fine Coal

The agglomeration of moist fine coal and the mechanism of aperture blinding in screening were analyzed. The theoretical analysis and a pilot test on that the elastic screen mesh can overcome the aperture blinding problem were presented.

固液混合物振动筛分机理研究

振动筛分技术是固液混合物分离的一种手段,被广泛应用于钻井液固相控制、河道淤泥处理和煤矿脱水等领域。现有研究对固液混合物的振动筛分机理缺乏认识,限制了振动设备筛分效率的提升空间。针对这一问题,采用计算流体力学与离散单元耦合法(CFD DEM)研究了固液混合物振动筛分机理。首先,利用Hertz-Mindlin JKR Cohesion接触模型引入湿颗粒之间的碰撞行为;其次,应用多孔介质描述了筛网的细孔特征;然后,运用动网格模拟了筛网的直线振动轨迹;最后,分析了固相颗粒物料的动力学特性和液相流动特性,并对比研究了振动系统的振幅和振动频率对固液混合物筛分效率的影响。研究结果表明,增加振幅和振动频率可提高固液混合物筛分效率,但当振幅大于3.0 mm和频率大于22.3 Hz时,振动筛对固液混合物的筛分效率影响的敏感性减弱;振幅小于或等于3.0 mm和频率小于或等于22.3 Hz时,固液混合物振动筛分效率对振幅的变化最敏感,振动频率次之;固液混合物的透筛区域集中在筛网长度比小于20%的区域。

基于ANSYS Workbench的激振力作用下香蕉筛疲劳分析

香蕉筛被广泛应用于选矿作业流程,其关键部件的设计影响整机的使用寿命。基于ANSYS Workbench进行静力学分析,并利用Fatigue Tool进行疲劳寿命模拟计算,得到香蕉筛结构件的寿命云图,从而确定香蕉筛结构件的薄弱环节,为优化设计提供了理论依据。

Analysis of threshed rice mixture separation through vibration screen using discrete element method

The discrete element method was utilized to construct three-dimensional discrete element models for the rice mixture,and their motions were analyzed numerically on a planar vibration screening device.The results showed that,after falling onto the vibrating screen surface,the mixture undergoes a reciprocating motion within the same cycle.During the screening process,the mixture undergoes segregation,slides along the screen surface,passes through the screen and then falls.In comparing the movement of grains and shriveled grains,it can be seen that the velocity of shriveled grains experiences cyclical changes,which is consistent with the grains’motion cycle.The impact on grains is shown to be greater than that on shriveled grains,and the average speeds of shriveled grains and grains converge.The curve shows that the screening of repetitive movements has a significant effect on the average velocity of shriveled grains,but also the velocity of shriveled grains and the vibration parameters can be well represented by a fitting equation.It is beneficial for the separation of grains from shriveled grains to choose a greater vibration frequency and screen surface inclination in the range of commonly used.

2DYS 3075型圆振动筛优化改进及力学分析

为进一步探究振动筛的运行特点和优化策略,以部分煤矿企业常用的2DYS3075型圆振动筛作为研究对象,在建立其动力学模型的基础上,进一步建立有限元仿真分析所需的圆振动筛三维模型,以此对其应力和应变情况进行分析,再根据应力及应变分析结果,对研究的2DYS3075型圆振动筛进行优化改进。结果显示,优化改进后的圆振动筛在应力和应变两项指标上均有显著改善,表明此次优化工作取得初步成功,能够为后续研究提供一定参考借鉴。

振动筛式花生收获机的设计与试验

介绍了4H-800型振动式花生收获机的总体结构、工作原理、技术特点以及关键部件结构与工作参数设计等。该设备主要由挖掘铲、单侧立式切割器、振动筛、驱振组件、行走轮、动力传动装置及机架等组成,与11～13.2 kW拖拉机配套使用,一次完成两行花生收获。试验和示范应用表明,该机具有作业顺畅、运行可靠、清土率高、损失率低等特点,纯生产率达0.1 hm2/h、总损率1.5%、破损率0.1%、含土率7.5%,各项指标优于行业和地方标准规定。

4U1Z型振动式马铃薯挖掘机的设计与试验

为解决南方、西南一二季混作区马铃薯机械化收获问题,针对该地区复杂耕地条件和农艺要求,研究设计了4U1Z型振动式马铃薯挖掘机。阐述了该机器主要结构、工作原理和关键部件的结构设计,对挖掘铲和振动分离筛机构进行运动学分析,理论与仿真相结合,分析整机的稳定性。以作业速度、振动分离筛倾角和振动频率为影响因素,以明薯率、可靠性、伤薯率为评价指标进行田间试验,对影响收获性能的参数进行分析,获得相关最佳参数组合,并与国家行业标准相比较进行验证。结果表明:挖掘铲、振动分离筛相反方向的振动抵消了部分惯性力,提高了机器的稳定性;作业速度为0.8 m/s,振动分离筛倾角为5°,振动频率为10Hz时,试验指标明薯率、可靠性、伤薯率分别为94.89%、93.41%、1.22%,此时挖掘作业效果及机器运行状态较好,收获性能指标满足标准要求。该研究为丘陵山区等小地块马铃薯收获问题提供了解决方案,同时为南方、西南山区间套作及丘陵山地等复杂耕地条件的小型马铃薯挖掘机的研究提供参考。

潮湿细粒煤炭筛分过程堵孔机理的研究

从理论上分析了潮湿细粒煤团聚的基本行为以及筛分过程的堵孔机理 .研究表明 ,潮湿细泥堵塞筛孔的过程主要分 2个阶段 :首先是细泥粘附于筛丝上 ,降低有效筛分面积 ;其次是结团细泥在筛丝上形成覆盖膜 .通过中试实验得出 ,琴弦式弹性筛面具有很好的自清洗能力 ,筛网不易堵塞 ,而且筛分效率高 .

3自由度混联振动筛设计

基于并联机构的组成原理,设计了可用于颗粒物料分级的3自由度混联振动筛。振动筛主要由筛箱、振动电动机、电动机固定座、弹簧、倾角调节装置、支撑架、纵向振动链、横向振动链和底座组成。所设计的3自由度混联振动筛将筛箱的支撑和激振动功能分离,筛箱的支撑采用悬挂支撑方式;以全解耦型混联机构2PRRR-P(2R)为主体激振机构,能实现筛箱沿X、Y、Z 3个方向的振动。试验结果表明,该振动筛X、Y、Z向3个自由度的振动对分散性能平均提高了33.23%,而透筛性能平均提高了73.55%,对不同筛分物料的适应性强。

并联运动振动筛的筛分运动规律及其轨迹的研究

传统振动筛筛面轨迹为直线、圆、椭圆,由于轨迹单一,会出现堵孔现象,筛分效率不高。文中论证了用并联运动振动筛可实现理想的筛分运动,其筛面轨迹为空间复杂曲线,沿筛面长度方向各点的运动轨迹不断变化,且筛面各点均做异幅运动,物料在筛箱中做空间三维运动,具有良好的透筛环境和筛分效率;还讨论了机构构件尺寸和主动输入相位初始角对筛面运动轨迹的影响,为进行主机构结构优化设计以实现最佳的筛分效果奠定了基础。

棉籽颗粒在三自由度混联振动筛面上的运动规律

为深入研究和揭示多维振动筛筛面物料运动规律和透筛机理以及设计三自由度混联振动筛,基于机构拓扑结构理论构造了一种全解耦的三自由度混联机构2PRRR-P(2R),作为三自由度振动筛的主体激振机构;运用D-H变换矩阵推导出筛面的运动轨迹方程,并运用ADAMS软件对振动筛进行运动学仿真,验证了机构设计的可行性;基于离散元法对棉籽颗粒群在三自由度振动筛筛面上的筛分过程进行了模拟分析,表明筛面的三维运动能增加颗粒群在X和Y向的抛掷位移,使颗粒群平均透筛时间缩短;试验结果表明,筛面增加X向的振动后,分散度增加约54%,筛分效率增加约46%;筛面增加X向和Y向的振动后,分散度和筛分效率分别增加约152%和68%,比仅增加X向振动时分别增加约62%和15%,试验结果与EDEM仿真结果一致。研究表明,三自由度混联振动筛能实现筛面沿X、Y、Z向的三维独立振动,其自由度、振幅、频率等振动参数调节方便;筛面的三自由度振动利于颗粒物料在筛面上分散,可大幅提高筛分效率。该研究对进一步研究多维振动筛分机理、研制三自由度混联振动筛产品样机等提供了参考。

4B-1200型平贝母药材收获机的改进设计与试验

针对4B-1200型平贝母药材收获机田间收获试验中存在的筛下贝土输送螺旋和尾轮转弯过程中需抬起这一转弯不够灵活问题;收获期多雨季,土壤含水分率高,分土铲表面土壤滞留堆积问题;尺寸大于8 mm以上的平贝母分离,尺寸在2.6~8 mm之间的平贝母尚未分离这一分级不够彻底问题;装袋位置过低;平贝母产区动力来源以四轮拖拉机为主,手扶拖拉机来源不足的问题,改进设计平贝母药材收获机分土机构和振动筛,增加了提升机构设计,对改进前后的平贝母收获机进行损失率和损伤率对比试验;利用正交试验设计分析振动筛曲柄转速、筛面倾角和筛面长度对分净率的联合影响。试验表明:改进机型在清理表层覆盖土、贝土输送、贝土分离、分级装袋等各部分工作更协调、平稳、可靠,收获的质量、适应性好,损失率、损伤率分别低于3.8%和2.9%,较改进前分别降低了1.1和1.2个百分比,满足行业标准规定;正交试验设计最优组合为:振动筛曲柄转速为550 r/min、筛面倾角为3°和筛面长度为1.6 m,分净率达到95%,满足行业标准规定和平贝母机械化收获的生产率要求。该研究为平贝母药材收获机的推广应用提供技术参考。

基于并联机构的多维振动筛分试验台设计

为解决传统振动筛分装置不能实现多维振动的问题,设计了基于并联机构的多维振动筛分试验台,试验台以全解耦型多维主体激振机构为核心,采用大功率直线电动机为直线往复振动的动力源,传动链短,机械结构和运动参数的调整简单便捷,可获得多个工况下物料颗粒的筛分性能指标以及物料在筛面上的运动规律。试验台以计算机和PMAC控制卡作为硬件控制系统的核心,测控软件系统可以对试验过程中工作部件的振幅、速度、频率、扭矩和功率等参数进行实时采集、显示、处理与分析,为多维振动筛分设备的设计提供了依据。

双频合成振动筛试验

为了强化筛分过程,提出了由2个或2个以上的简谐振动复合而成的多频合成振动筛分方法,并对多频合成振动筛分进行理论分析与现场试验。在分析振动参数取值原则的基础上,设计了双频合成振动筛,完成了正交试验和对比试验。试验结果表明:两频率成分的相位差对筛分效率的影响最明显,低频振幅次之;与单频振动筛分相比,双频合成振动筛分效率较高,具有较明显的优越性。

油菜清选装置筛面气流场的分布规律研究

为探明油菜清选装置振动筛筛面上的气流场分布规律,对穿过上筛面的风速进行了测定。结果表明:沿筛面横向方向气流基本保持稳定,沿纵向方向各行风速从大到小排列为第5行、第3行、第2行和第4行。利用1stOpt软件对测得的风速值进行拟合,得到了不同风机转速条件下上筛面的风速分布方程,通过Matlab软件对方程绘图发现,气流分布大致呈前高、中部略有下降和尾部再次上升的趋势,且风机转速主要对通过筛面的气流速度产生影响,而对筛面上气流场的分布几乎没有影响。

筛面运动方式对筛分效果的影响

建立了圆振动筛和直线振动筛的力学模型,并进行了动力学分析,得到了振动筛的运动方程,说明圆振动筛筛面接近质心处为圆运动,两端为椭圆运动,距离质心越远,椭圆长轴和短轴的差值越大;而直线振动筛筛面各点均为直线振动。研究了圆振动筛和直线振动筛筛面运动形式对筛分效果的影响,结果表明:圆振动筛大多采用"正八字"激振器布置方式,增加颗粒与筛孔比较的机会,有利于筛面的充分利用和透筛率的提高;圆振动筛筛面各点振动参数不同,适于粗颗粒分级和原煤筛分。直线振动筛筛面各点振动方向和振幅相同,物料进入筛面分层后有规律地沿筛面运动,不易打散,增加了底层物料与筛面的接触时间,有利于底层物料的透筛,适于物料的脱介、脱泥、脱水和细粒物料的筛分。

田螺脱壳清洗机振动筛的设计与试验

为减轻田螺脱壳清洗的劳动强度,设计研制了一种结构简单、操作方便的振动式的田螺脱壳清洗机。通过对振动筛曲柄摇杆机构的尺度综合分析,以传动角最大为寻优目标计算出机构的曲柄、连杆、摇杆长度分别为8、180、220 mm;通过机构运动分析和试验研究,得出曲柄转速在600 r/m in左右时,脱净率可达96%。