Objective:To evaluate the mosquito larvicidal,ovicidal,pupicidal and repellent activities of hexane,diethyl ether,dichloromethane,acetone and methanol extracts of Indian medicinal plants,Achras sapota(A.sapota)and Cas...Objective:To evaluate the mosquito larvicidal,ovicidal,pupicidal and repellent activities of hexane,diethyl ether,dichloromethane,acetone and methanol extracts of Indian medicinal plants,Achras sapota(A.sapota)and Cassia auriculata(C.auriculata)at different concentrations against Anopheles stephensi(An.stephensi),a malarial vector.Methods:Twenty five early third instar larvae of An.stephensi were exposed to various concentrations(30-210 mg/L)of plants extracts and were assayed in the laboratory by using the protocol of WHO 2005;then after 24 h LC_(50) values of the A.sapota and C.auriculata leaf extract was determined by probit analysis.The ovicidal activity was tested with the extracts ranging from 50-350 mg/L.The pupicidal activity was recorded after 24 h of exposure to the extract.The repellent efficacy was determined against mosquito species at two different concentrations 1.5 and 3.0 mg/cm^(2) under laboratory conditions.Results:Among the five different extracts tested against the An.stephensi,methanol extract of A.sapota proved to be an more effective solvent extract in almost all the parameters studied than C.auriculata.Conclusions:It is inferred that the leaf extract of A.sapota and C.auriculata could be used in vector control programme.展开更多
[Objectives]To understand the content changes of fatty acid compositions and seedling growths during seed germinations of Cassia obtusifolia L.[Methods]The fatty acid compositions of germinations and seedling growths ...[Objectives]To understand the content changes of fatty acid compositions and seedling growths during seed germinations of Cassia obtusifolia L.[Methods]The fatty acid compositions of germinations and seedling growths of C.obtusifolia seeds treated with different concentrations of gibberellin(GA3)and naphthalene acetic acid(NAA)were analyzed using gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer(GC-MS),and the germination rates,root lengths,plant heights and fresh weights of their seedlings were analyzed.[Results]The contents of eicosenoic acid,α-linoleic acid,arachidic acid,eicosadienoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid of C.obtusifolia seeds treated with different concentrations of GA3 and NAA decreased with germination time.There were significant differences between the ratios of germinations of C.obtusifolia seeds treated with different concentrations of GA3 and NAA.GA3 and NAA of different ratio treatments could promote seedling heights and fresh weights of C.obtusifolia,but increases of seedling heights and fresh weights were different.Eicosenoic acid,α-linoleic acid,arachidic acid,eicosadienoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid were remarkably negative correlation with seedling heights and fresh weights.[Conclusions]The fatty acid components of C.obtusifolia seed germination and growth of their seedlings were affected.It indicated that GA3 and NAA treatments can affect fatty acid metabolism,the germination rates,root lengths,plant heights and fresh weights of C.obtusifolia.It is intended to provide a theoretical basis and technological reference for standardized cultivated techniques of C.obtusifolia.展开更多
Objective:Cassiae Semen(CS,Juemingzi in Chinese)has been used for thousands of years in ancient Chinese history for relieving constipation,improving liver function as well as preventing myopia.Here we aimed to elucida...Objective:Cassiae Semen(CS,Juemingzi in Chinese)has been used for thousands of years in ancient Chinese history for relieving constipation,improving liver function as well as preventing myopia.Here we aimed to elucidate the anti-steatosis effect and underlying mechanism of CS against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Methods:High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was used to identify the major components of CS water extract.Mice were fed with a high-fat and sugar-water(HFSW)diet to induce hepatic steatosis and then treated with CS.The anti-NAFLD effect was determined by measuring serum biomarkers and histopathology staining.Additionally,the effects of CS on cell viability and lipid metabolism in oleic acid and palmitic acid(OAPA)-treated HepG2 cells were measured.The expression of essential genes and proteins involved in lipid metabolism and autophagy signalings were measured to uncover the underlying mechanism.Results:Five compounds,including aurantio-obtusin,rubrofusarin gentiobioside,cassiaside C,emodin and rhein were simultaneously identified in CS extract.CS not only improved the diet-induced hepatic steatosis in vivo,as indicated by decreased number and size of lipid droplets,hepatic and serum triglycerides(TG)levels,but also markedly attenuated the OAPA-induced lipid accumulation in hepatocytes.These lipid-lowering effects induced by CS were largely dependent on the inhibition of fatty acid synthase(FASN)and the activation of autophagy-related signaling,including AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK),light chain 3-II(LC3-II)/LC3-1 and autophagy-related gene5(ATG5).Conclusion:Our study suggested that CS effectively protected liver steatosis via decreasing FASN-related fatty acid synthesis and activating AMPK-mediated autophagy,which might become a promising therapeutic strategy for relieving NAFLD.展开更多
基金Supported by University Grants Commission,New Delhi[Ref.No.42-583/2013(SR)]Department of Science&Technology-Fast Track Young Scientist Project,DST,New Delhi(Ref.NO.SB/FT/LS-356/2012).
文摘Objective:To evaluate the mosquito larvicidal,ovicidal,pupicidal and repellent activities of hexane,diethyl ether,dichloromethane,acetone and methanol extracts of Indian medicinal plants,Achras sapota(A.sapota)and Cassia auriculata(C.auriculata)at different concentrations against Anopheles stephensi(An.stephensi),a malarial vector.Methods:Twenty five early third instar larvae of An.stephensi were exposed to various concentrations(30-210 mg/L)of plants extracts and were assayed in the laboratory by using the protocol of WHO 2005;then after 24 h LC_(50) values of the A.sapota and C.auriculata leaf extract was determined by probit analysis.The ovicidal activity was tested with the extracts ranging from 50-350 mg/L.The pupicidal activity was recorded after 24 h of exposure to the extract.The repellent efficacy was determined against mosquito species at two different concentrations 1.5 and 3.0 mg/cm^(2) under laboratory conditions.Results:Among the five different extracts tested against the An.stephensi,methanol extract of A.sapota proved to be an more effective solvent extract in almost all the parameters studied than C.auriculata.Conclusions:It is inferred that the leaf extract of A.sapota and C.auriculata could be used in vector control programme.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41761010&81260641)Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou province of China([2017]1121)the Project of Scientific Research of Doctors of Guizhou Normal University.
文摘[Objectives]To understand the content changes of fatty acid compositions and seedling growths during seed germinations of Cassia obtusifolia L.[Methods]The fatty acid compositions of germinations and seedling growths of C.obtusifolia seeds treated with different concentrations of gibberellin(GA3)and naphthalene acetic acid(NAA)were analyzed using gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer(GC-MS),and the germination rates,root lengths,plant heights and fresh weights of their seedlings were analyzed.[Results]The contents of eicosenoic acid,α-linoleic acid,arachidic acid,eicosadienoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid of C.obtusifolia seeds treated with different concentrations of GA3 and NAA decreased with germination time.There were significant differences between the ratios of germinations of C.obtusifolia seeds treated with different concentrations of GA3 and NAA.GA3 and NAA of different ratio treatments could promote seedling heights and fresh weights of C.obtusifolia,but increases of seedling heights and fresh weights were different.Eicosenoic acid,α-linoleic acid,arachidic acid,eicosadienoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid were remarkably negative correlation with seedling heights and fresh weights.[Conclusions]The fatty acid components of C.obtusifolia seed germination and growth of their seedlings were affected.It indicated that GA3 and NAA treatments can affect fatty acid metabolism,the germination rates,root lengths,plant heights and fresh weights of C.obtusifolia.It is intended to provide a theoretical basis and technological reference for standardized cultivated techniques of C.obtusifolia.
基金supported by the Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission(No.7212174 to XL)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82004045 to XL)+2 种基金Beijing Nova Program of Science&Technology(No.Z191100001119088 to XL)the Young Talents Promotion Project of China Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.2020-QNRC2-01 to XL)Innovation Team and Talents Cultivation Program of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.ZYYCXTD-C-202006 to XL)。
文摘Objective:Cassiae Semen(CS,Juemingzi in Chinese)has been used for thousands of years in ancient Chinese history for relieving constipation,improving liver function as well as preventing myopia.Here we aimed to elucidate the anti-steatosis effect and underlying mechanism of CS against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Methods:High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was used to identify the major components of CS water extract.Mice were fed with a high-fat and sugar-water(HFSW)diet to induce hepatic steatosis and then treated with CS.The anti-NAFLD effect was determined by measuring serum biomarkers and histopathology staining.Additionally,the effects of CS on cell viability and lipid metabolism in oleic acid and palmitic acid(OAPA)-treated HepG2 cells were measured.The expression of essential genes and proteins involved in lipid metabolism and autophagy signalings were measured to uncover the underlying mechanism.Results:Five compounds,including aurantio-obtusin,rubrofusarin gentiobioside,cassiaside C,emodin and rhein were simultaneously identified in CS extract.CS not only improved the diet-induced hepatic steatosis in vivo,as indicated by decreased number and size of lipid droplets,hepatic and serum triglycerides(TG)levels,but also markedly attenuated the OAPA-induced lipid accumulation in hepatocytes.These lipid-lowering effects induced by CS were largely dependent on the inhibition of fatty acid synthase(FASN)and the activation of autophagy-related signaling,including AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK),light chain 3-II(LC3-II)/LC3-1 and autophagy-related gene5(ATG5).Conclusion:Our study suggested that CS effectively protected liver steatosis via decreasing FASN-related fatty acid synthesis and activating AMPK-mediated autophagy,which might become a promising therapeutic strategy for relieving NAFLD.
