Protective Role of C-Phycocyanin Against Secondary Changes During Sodium Selenite Mediated Cataractogenesis

Age related cataract is the leading cause of blindness associated with accumulation of oxidative stress in the eye lens.The present investigation reveals the rational of the beneficial effects of the natural compound C-phycocyanin(CPC)is beneficial when administered to rat pups to protect against the secondary effects of sodium selenite induced cataractogenesis.A single subcutaneous dose of sodium selenite(19 lmol/kg body weight)on the 10th day of postpartum is adequate to induce cataract in rat pups.Serum biochemical parameters,such as the level of electrolytes,mean activities of anti-oxidant enzymes i.e.superoxide dismutase,catalase and reduced glutathione were observed to be significantly altered during selenite induced cataractogenic process.Histopathological examination revealed signs of degradation of normal cell architecture in the liver,kidney and eye lens.Interestingly,the deleterious effects of sodium selenite toxicity were restored with the simultaneous treatment with C-PC.The results suggest that an administration of 200 mg/kg body weight of C-PC has the ability to prevent/alter the secondary changes reflected in the serum biochemical and histological modifications in rats exposed to sodium selenite.These results complement the beneficial role of C-PC of cyanobacterial origin as a efficacious anti-cataractogenic agent against sodium selenite toxicity.

Occupational Eye Lens Radiation Dose While Performing Interventional Procedures over 18 Months Using a Face-Shield Equipped Suspended Radiation Protection System

Background: Numerous studies have demonstrated increasing evidence for cataractogenesis at lower levels of ionizing radiation than previously believed, with some suggesting possible absence of a threshold. Genetic differences between individuals also result in increased susceptibility in some operators, who might not be aware. European occupational exposure limits have been reduced and operators are seeking protective measures. Objective: To evaluate the protective effect of a face-shield equipped suspended protection system (Zero-Gravity®, TIDI Products, Neenah, WI) along with adherence to safety practices against radiation dose to the eye lens for an interventional radiologist performing a wide variety of procedures. Materials and Methods: In this institutional review board-approved single-institution study, one interventional radiologist wore a highly sensitive personnel monitoring dosimeter badge on the cap near the left eye while performing 299 procedures (3690 fluoroscopy minutes) over 18 consecutive months while utilizing the suspended protection system along with adherence to other generally recommended safety practices and movement away from the field during angiographic power injections. Dosimetry reports and procedural information were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Total lens dose equivalent to the left eye over 18 months was 0.11 mSv (annualized dose = 0.073 mSv, or 7.3 mRem). The patient-dose-area product standardized dose of 0.00576 μSv/Gy⋅cm2 is well below reports of conventional lead aprons, shields, and protective eyewear. Conclusion: Eye exposures were kept to near-background levels using the materials and methods of this study while performing a wide variety of complex procedures from all positions around the patient.