Management of recurrent malignant pleural effusions with a tunneled indwelling pleural catheter

In this review, we report on the use of indwelling pleural catheters in the treatment of malignant pleural effusions. We describe the most commonly used catheter. Also, treatment with indwelling pleuralcatheters as compared to talc pleurodesis is reviewed. A comparison of efficacy, costs, effects on quality of life, and complications is made. Only one randomized controlled trial comparing the two is available up to date, but several are underway. We conclude that treatment for malignant pleural effusions with indwelling pleural catheters is a save, cost-effective, and patientfriendly method, with low complication rates.

Indwelling catheter and conservative measures in the treatment of abdominal compartment syndrome in fulminant acute pancreatitis

AIM： To study the effect of combined indwelling catheter, hemofiltration, respiration support and traditional Chinese medicine （e.g. Dahuang） in treating abdominal compartment syndrome of fulminant acute pancreatitis. METHODS： Patients with fulminant acute pancreatitis were divided randomly into 2 groups of combined indwelling catheter celiac drainage and intra-abdominal pressure monitoring and routine conservative measures group （group 1） and control group （group 2）. Routine non-operative conservative treatments including hemofiltration, respiration support, gastrointestinal TCM ablution were also applied in control group patients. Effectiveness of the two groups was observed, and APACHE Ⅱ scores were applied for analysis. RESULTS： On the second and fifth days after treatment, APACHE Ⅱ scores of group 1 and 2 patients were significantly different. Comparison of effectiveness （abdominalgia and burbulence relief time, hospitalization time） between groups 1 and 2 showed significant difference, as well as incidence rates of cysts formation. Mortality rates of groups 1 and 2 were 10.0% and 20.7%, respectively. For patients in group 1, celiac drainage quantity and intra-abdominal pressure, and hospitalization time were positively correlated （r = 0.552, 0.748, 0.923, P 〈 0.01） with APACHE Ⅱ scores. CONCLUSION： Combined indwelling catheter celiac drainage and intra-abdominal pressure monitoring, short veno-venous hemofiltration （SVVH）, gastrointestinal TCM ablution, respiration support have preventive and treatment effects on abdominal compartment syndrome of fulminant acute pancreatitis.

New cannulation method for pancreatic duct cannulationbile duct guidewire-indwelling method

The patient was a 58-year-old male with symptomatic alcoholic chronic pancreatitis.Since a 10 mm calculus was observed in the pancreatic body and abdominal pain occurred due to congestion of pancreatic juice,endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was conducted for assessment of the pancreatic duct and treatment of pancreatic calculus.Pancreatogram was slightly and insuff iciently obtained by injecting the contrast media via the common channel of the duodenal main papilla.We tried to cannulate selectively into the pancreatic duct for a clear image.However,the selective cannulation of the pancreatic duct was difficult because of instability of the papilla.On the other hand,selective cannulation of the bile duct was relatively easily achieved.Therefore,after the imaging of the bile duct,a guidewire was retained in the bile duct to immobilize the duodenal papilla and cannulation of the pancreatic duct was attempted.As a result,selective pancreatic duct cannulation became possible.It is considered that the bile duct guidewire-indwelling method may serve as one of the useful techniques for cases whose selective pancreatic duct cannulation is diff icult("selective pancreatic duct diff icult cannulation case").

Application of Modified Gastric Tube Placement in Patients with Indwelling Gastric Tube

Objective:To explore the effect of modified nasogastric tube placement and Rehabilitation New Liquid Spray in patients with indwelling gastric tube.Methods:Eighty-six cases with indwelling gastric tube in our hospital from January 2020 to May 2021 were randomly selected and divided into the reference group and the research group.The reference group was treated by modified gastric tube placement,and the research group was given the Rehabilitation New Liquid Spray intervention.The effect of the interventions on two groups was observed.Results:The incidence of nasal mucosal injury in the research group was lower than that in the reference group,and the incidence of pharyngeal mucosal injury in the research group was lower than that in the reference group(P<0.05).The pain score of the study group was lower than that of the reference group at 8 h,12 h and 24 h after replacement,and the incidence of hoarseness,swallowing discomfort and dry oropharynx was lower than that of the reference group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of modified gastric tube placement and Rehabilitation New Liquid Spray intervention in patients with indwelling gastric tube can effectively reduce the nasopharyngeal injury and improve the pain of catheterization.

Development and validation of a risk prediction model for repeated indwelling urinary catheterization in patients with cervical cancer after surgery

Objective:To study the factors influencing secondary indwelling catheterisation after cervical cancer surgery and to develop a predictive risk model.Methods:A total of 260 patients in a tertiary hospital in Chongqing were selected from January 2020 to December 2021 via convenience sampling.Relevant information of patients was recorded,including age;body mass index;history of hypertension and diabetes,bladder dysfunction,postoperative urinary retention,and postoperative urinary tract infection;Histology;staging;surgical approach;Operation time;Time of first remove of catheter;indwelling catheter days;Hospitalization days.Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator was used to reduce dimensionality and select patient characteristics,and multivariate analysis was performed based on the selected variables.Based on the outcome of analysis,a line chart model was developed for predicting the risk of secondary catheterization in patients with indwelling catheterization after radical cervical cancer surgery.The coefficient of conformity index(C-index)and calibration curves were used to evaluate the accuracy and fit.The model was internally validated via bootstrapping(1000 random samples),and the clinical utility of the model was assessed via decision curve analysis(DCA).Results:Four characteristic variables were selected,including preoperative bladder function,postoperative urinary tract infection,surgical approach,and Time of first remove of catheter.They are independent risk factors affecting urinary tract.The risk prediction model exhibited good discrimination performance with a C-index of 0.722(95%CI,0.661-0.783)and was well calibrated.The C-index was 0.708 in internal validation analysis.DCA showed that the risk model was clinically useful for predicting secondary catheterization,and clinical benefits were observed at the decision threshold of≥11%.Conclusion:A novel model was developed to predict the risk of secondary catheterization.The model was based on preoperative bladder dysfunction,postoperative urinary tract infection,surgical approach,and number of days since the removal of the primary catheter.

Indwelling Pleural Catheter Insertion Following Inefficient Thoracoscopic Decortication in Postpneumonic Empyema: Beneficial or Contraindicated?

Video assisted thoracic surgery in advanced stage postpneumonic empyema aims for thorough debridement and washout of the pleural space followed by an attempt to release the entrapped lung (decortication). When the latter isn’t successful, and the patient is in a poor performance status, applying tube thoracostomy is the usual routine, to avoid conversion to thoracotomy and open decortication. Tube thoracostomy, however, is associated with complications necessitating further surgery, needs long term follow up and also entails quality of life distorting issues. To overcome these disadvantages, we instead inserted a PleurX&reg indwelling pleural catheter in four patients in the above situation. The method brought success (lung re-expansion and complete or partial pleurodesis) without the need for further surgery or quality of life problems in either patient. Although the use of the indwelling pleural catheter in infected pleural space is not recommended by manufacturers, we noted no complications.

Application of Intravenous Indwelling Needle in Undergraduate's Pharmacology Teaching Experiment

In this study,an intravenous indwelling needle was placed in the central artery of rabbit ear for collecting blood.The results show that this method greatly improves the success rate of blood sampling and well controls the experimental time.The students'unanimous feedback was that the method is simple and easy to operate,which is of great help to the stability of the experimental results.

Clinical analysis on nosocomial pulmonary infection in patients with indwelling tracheal tube

Tracheal intubation by tracheotomy or by placing a tracheal tube through larynx into trachea,is not only one of important measures which are taken to rescue critically ill patients with respiratory failure etc.,but a commonly used method to prevent patients from airway obstruction in the postoperative period and facilitate mechanical ventilation.Meanwhile,the incidence rate of pulmonary infection,a complication caused by indwelling tracheal tubes,especially the incidence rate of hospital acquired pulmonary infection is apparently increasing.Particularly,pulmonary infection of this kind has characteristics of easily recurrent seizures,long treatment period and high drug-resistance.Hence,it is required for medical personnel to summarize,analyze and study not only general nursing,airway nursing and prevention of pulmonary infection,but also antibiotic selection as well as how and when to use those drugs after the incidence of pulmonary infection for the benefit of patients with indwelling tracheal tube.This article is based on a case collected from Comprehensive Surgery Department of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University.The patient’s history is as follows:1.Pulmonary infection;2.Indwelling tracheal catheter after tracheotomy;3.Carbon monoxide toxic cerebrosis,mute state.By means of this case analysis,it is expected to make an early detection,and give an early and proper treatment to patients with pulmonary infection caused by indwelling tracheal tubes in clinical practice.

Role of Fine Management in Maintenance of Deep Venous Indwelling Catheter in Hemodialysis Patients

Objective:This paper mainly explores the effect of fine management application in maintenance of deep venous indwelling catheter in hemodialysis patients.Methods:150 hemodialysis patients with deep venous catheter indwelling in our hospital from December 2019 to September 2020 were divided into routine group and study group.The routine group was given routine nursing,and the study group was given fine management nursing.The nursing effect of the two groups was analyzed.Results:After nursing intervention,the incidence of complications in the study group was 14.66%,which was lower than that in the conventional group(53.33%),and the nursing compliance in the study group(98.66%)was higher than that in the conventional group(89.33%),all P<0.05.Conclusion:Fine management plays a significant role in the maintenance of deep venous indwelling catheter in hemodialysis patients,which can reduce the occurrence of complications.

Effect of Cluster Nursing in Preventing Urinary Tract Infection in Postoperative Patients with Indwelling Urinary Catheter

Objective:This paper expounds and analyzes the effect of cluster nursing in preventing urinary tract infection in postoperative patients with indwelling urinary catheter.Methods:A total of 400 postoperative patients with indwelling urinary catheter,treated in Yancheng No.1 People’s Hospital in recent two years,were recruited as research subjects.The patients were equally divided into group A and group B,with 200 patients in each group,and all received routine anti-infectives.The patients in group A(200 cases)received routine nursing.On the basis of group A,cluster nursing was implemented for patients in group B(200 cases).Results:The indwelling time of urinary catheter,the disappearance time of bladder irritation symptoms,and the probability of urinary tract infection were compared between both groups,which showed that the nursing effect of group B was better than that of group A(P<0.05).Conclusion:The implementation of cluster nursing in postoperative patients with indwelling urinary catheter can improve the deficiency of routine nursing,consolidate the treatment effect,and reduce the complication rate of urinary tract infection.

The Effect and Nursing of Indwelling Nasal Jejunal Feeding Tube for Enteral Nutrition in Acute Severe Pancreatitis

Objective:To analyze the effect of enteral nutrition and nursing intervention in patients with indwelling nasojejunal tube in acute severe pancreatitis.Methods:Sixty cases of patients with indwelt nasojejunal tubes treated in our hospital from August 2019 to August 2020 were divided into routine group and observation group as research subjects.Patients in both groups received enteral nutrition,patients in the routine group received routine care,and patients in the observation group received quality care.The recovery time of gastrointestinal function,length of hospital stay,hospitalization cost,nutritional indicators and incidence of complications in the two groups were compared.Results:The recovery time of gastrointestinal function in observation group was lower than that in routine group,P<0.05;The length and cost of hospitalization in observation group were lower than those in routine group,P<0.05;The nutritional indexes in observation group were higher than those in routine group,P<0.05;The incidence of complications in observation group was lower than that in routine group,P<0.05.Conclusion:Quality nursing service improve the effect of enteral nutrition,so as to ensure that patients get sufficient nutritional support.Its effect is remarkable and it is worthy of widespread clinical application.

前列腺癌根治术患者出院留置尿管真实体验的质性研究

目的探究前列腺癌根治术患者出院留置尿管的真实体验,以便提出针对性的护理干预和持续照护建议。方法采用目的抽样法,选取2023年6月至10月在南京鼓楼医院泌尿外科行前列腺癌根治术的出院患者作为研究对象,通过深入访谈收集数据,运用NVivo 12.0软件及Colaizzi七步分析法进行数据分析。结果访谈共归纳出3个主题、8个子主题,分别为生理不适与日常生活挑战(日常活动受限、睡眠受干扰、穿着与个人卫生挑战)、心理压力与社交困境(社交偏见、社交回避)、社会支持与康复指导(家庭日常照顾性支持需求、爱和被尊重的需求、康复指导需求)。结论前列腺癌根治术后出院留置尿管患者面临复杂的生活方式挑战,建议制定前列腺癌根治术患者出院后的综合康复护理方案,以确保患者能够获得连续性护理和支持,提高整体生活质量,从而更有效地促进其身心康复及社会融入。

急性阑尾炎手术患儿住院期间切口感染的发生率及相关因素的分析

目的分析急性阑尾炎(AA)手术患儿住院期间切口感染(SSI)发生率及相关因素分析。方法回顾性分析法选择2022年7月至2023年7月68例AA手术患儿的临床资料,依据住院期间是否发生SSI进行分组,将评估出SSiIi者划分为发生组,未评估出感染者则划分为未发生组,收集2组患儿疾病相关.特征、一般资料,分析AA手术患儿住.院期间发生SSI相关因素,通过Logstc回归分析有差异项目。结果68例AA手术患儿中19例发生SSI,发生率为2794%,未发生SS.I共有49例,占比7206%;2组年龄、体征指数(BMI)、性别、基础疾病、切口类型、切口方法、切口保.护、术前CRPi水i平比较发生无统计学意义(P>005),发生组使用预防性抗菌药物、留置腹腔引流管、手术时间、阑尾穿孔和未发生组存在显著差异(P<005);采取Logstc回归方程计算上述有差异的项目,发现使用预防性抗菌药物、留置腹腔引流管、手术时间、阑尾穿孔是AA患儿发生SSI的危险因素。结论AA手术患儿住院期间发生SSI的因素存在多种,如使用预防性抗菌药物、留置腹腔引流管、手术时间、阑尾穿孔,临床需高度引起重视,最大程度降低SSI发生风险。

导向注药套管经鼻悬吊留置伴或不伴锚定治疗肺部霉菌病的操作流程

全身使用有效抗霉菌药物是治疗肺部霉菌病的基础治疗方法,同时,经过内镜注药是气管、支气管和肺部霉菌病最重要的治疗方式之一。相比内镜注药,导向注药套管经鼻悬吊留置伴或不伴锚定治疗肺部霉菌病具有较多优势,包括可接驳注射泵持续缓慢地注入药物,可避免反复进行呼吸内镜等。该文介绍了导向注药套管经鼻悬吊留置伴或不伴锚定治疗肺部霉菌病的操作流程。

Palliative long-term abdominal drains vs large volume paracenteses for the management of refractory ascites in end-stage liver disease

BACKGROUND Long-term abdominal drains(LTAD)are a cost-effective palliative measure to manage malignant ascites in the community,but their use in patients with end-stage chronic liver disease and refractory ascites is not routine practice.The safety and cost-effectiveness of LTAD are currently being studied in this setting,with preliminary positive results.We hypothesised that palliative LTAD are as effective and safe as repeat palliative large volume paracentesis(LVP)in patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites and may offer advantages in patients’quality of life.AIM To compare the effectiveness and safety of palliative LTAD and LVP in refractory ascites secondary to end-stage chronic liver disease.METHODS A retrospective,observational cohort study comparing the effectiveness and safety outcomes of palliative LTAD and regular palliative LVP as a treatment for refractory ascites in consecutive patients with end-stage chronic liver disease followed-up at our United Kingdom tertiary centre between 2018 and 2022 was conducted.Fisher’s exact tests and the Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare qualitative and quantitative variables,respectively.Kaplan-Meier survival estimates were generated to stratify time-related outcomes according to the type of drain.RESULTS Thirty patients had a total of 35 indwelling abdominal drains and nineteen patients underwent regular LVP.The baseline characteristics were similar between the groups.Prophylactic antibiotics were more frequently prescribed in patients with LTAD(P=0.012),while the incidence of peritonitis did not differ between the two groups(P=0.46).The incidence of acute kidney injury(P=0.014)and ascites/drain-related hospital admissions(P=0.004)were significantly higher in the LVP group.The overall survival was similar in the two groups(log-rank P=0.26),but the endpoint-free survival was significantly shorter in the LVP group(P=0.003,P<0.001,P=0.018 for first ascites/drain-related admission,acute kidney injury and drain-related complications,respectively).CONCLUSION The use of LTAD in the management of refractory ascites in palliated end-stage liver disease is effective,safe,and may reduce hospital admissions and utilisation of healthcare resources compared to LVP.

水胶体敷料Y型固定在外周静脉留置针中的应用效果

目的探讨外周静脉留置针中采用水胶体敷料Y型固定的效果。方法选取2022年6月至2024年3月江西省肿瘤医院住院的98例肺癌化疗间歇期患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组,每组49例。所有患者均使用外周静脉留置针,对照组使用3M透明贴常规固定,研究组在对照组基础上使用水胶体敷料Y型固定,比较两组患者的穿刺点渗血、渗液、静脉炎发生率,穿刺部位症状评分,留置针固定情况评分,留置时间,留置针脱出发生情况。结果研究组的穿刺点渗血、渗液、静脉炎发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组的穿刺部位症状评分、留置针固定情况评分低于对照组,留置时间长于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组的留置针脱出总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论外周静脉留置针中应用水胶体敷料Y型固定的效果较好,能够有效降低穿刺点渗血、渗液、静脉炎发生率,改善穿刺部位症状及留置针固定情况,延长留置时间,避免留置针脱出。

转头前倾法在脑卒中吞咽功能障碍患者留置胃管中的效果观察

目的研究转头前倾法在脑卒中吞咽功能障碍患者留置胃管中的作用。方法临床纳入2022年1月至2023年2月期间我院收治的84例脑卒中吞咽功能障碍患者作为研究对象,将患者分为两组各42例(随机数字表法),所有患者均需留置胃管。其中42例患者采用常规方法进行留置胃管作为对照组;另42例患者采用转头前倾法进行留置胃管作为观察组。观察两组患者置管成功率、不良反应发生率、生活质量以及护理人员对吞咽功能障碍摄食训练相关知识的知晓率情况。结果观察组一次置管成功率和再次置管成功率分别为92.86%、100.00%,均高于对照组的76.19%、30.00%,均有差异(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率明显低于对照组的不良反应发生率(4.76%vs 19.05%),有差异(P<0.05)。干预前两组患者生活质量各评分对比无差异(P>0.05);干预后观察组生活质量各评分均优于对照组,均有差异(P<0.05)。培训后护理人员对吞咽功能障碍摄食训练相关知识的知晓率为96.67%,明显高于培训前的53.33%,有差异(P<0.05)。结论转头前倾法能使护理人员更好掌握吞咽功能障碍摄食训练的相关知识,有效提高脑卒中吞咽功能障碍患者留置胃管的成功率,降低不良反应发生率,进一步提高患者生活质量,值得临床应用及推广。

基于CiteSpace静脉留置针研究热点的可视化分析

目的分析近10年我国“静脉留置针”领域的研究现状和研究热点,为研究人员全面和客观把握该领域的研究态势提供参考。方法检索中国知网数据库中2013年1月1日至2023年12月31日发表的“静脉留置针”相关文献,将纳入文献录入CiteSpace软件,对作者、研究机构、关键词等进行可视化分析。结果共纳入630篇相关文献;有关“静脉留置针”研究论文年发文量呈递减趋势;热点关键词为“静脉炎”“护理”“小儿”“留置针”“并发症”“应用效果”“留置时间”和“儿科”。结论“静脉留置针”的相关研究处于晚期阶段,呈递减趋势。有关研究机构之间合作较松散,未来应加强作者间和机构间的合作交流,针对热点关键词为研究方向。

外科手术患者术后院内获得性肺炎发生的影响因素

目的探讨外科手术患者术后院内获得性肺炎(HAP)发生的相关影响因素。方法回顾性选择2020年1月至2023年2月在九江市第一人民医院行外科手术治疗的2824例患者临床资料,按患者术后是否发生HAP分为HAP组(31例)和非HAP组(n=2793例),分析外科手术患者术后HAP发生的相关影响因素。结果单因素分析结果提示,不同年龄、手术性质、麻醉方式、合并糖尿病、吸烟史、气管切开、留置胃管、手术时间>3 h与患者术后HAP发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);性别、手术切口类型、术中出血量、合并高血压与外科手术患者术后HAP发生无关,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);经logistic回归分析显示,年龄≥60岁(β=0.899,OR=2.458,95%CI=1.205~5.011)、急诊手术(β=1.985,OR=7.279,95%CI=3.488~15.188)、全麻(β=2.739,OR=15.464,95%CI=2.106~113.569)、合并糖尿病(β=0.983,OR=2.672,95%CI=1.310~5.450)、吸烟史(β=1.150,OR=3.157,95%CI=1.537~6.484)、气管切开(β=1.043,OR=2.837,95%CI=1.331~6.047)、留置胃管(β=0.753,OR=2.123,95%CI=1.035~4.355)、手术时间>3 h(β=2.198,OR=9.006,95%CI=4.384~18.501)是外科手术患者术后HAP发生的高危因素(P<0.05)。结论外科手术患者术后易发生HAP,其发生受多种因素共同影响,临床可针对各因素制定相应的防治对策,可减少HAP发生。

仅用生理盐水冲封管在三向瓣膜式中长导管留置输液中的应用效果

目的:探讨仅用生理盐水冲封管在三向瓣膜式中长导管留置输液中的应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2021年3月至2022年2月在该院行静脉留置导管输液治疗的160例肺结核病患者的临床资料,根据封管方式不同将其分为对照组和观察组各80例。两组均留置三向瓣膜式中长导管输液7周左右,对照组采用生理盐水脉冲式冲管联合100 U/mL肝素溶液正压封管,观察组仅用生理盐水冲封管。比较两组导管留置时间、住院时间、单次封管费用、封管平均用时、不良事件发生率及护理满意度。结果:观察组导管留置时间长于对照组,住院时间短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组单次封管费用少于对照组,封管平均用时短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组导管堵塞、血流感染、静脉炎发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组护理满意度为96.25%(77/80),高于对照组81.25%(65/80),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:仅用生理盐水冲封管用于三向瓣膜式中长导管留置输液患者能有效延长导管留置时间,缩短封管平均用时和住院时间,降低封管费用,提高护理满意度,且不增加导管堵塞、血流感染、静脉炎的发生率,效果优于生理盐水冲管联合肝素溶液封管。