Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic polymetabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from resistance to insulin action or inadequacy of insulin secretion. Role of the micro ...Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic polymetabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from resistance to insulin action or inadequacy of insulin secretion. Role of the micro & macro nutrients in the pathogenesis of T2DM has not been studied thoroughly. The aim of this study was to evaluate the status of calcium, magnesium, zinc and chromium in relation to HbA1c in a group of subjects with T2DM patients. Methodology: The study comprised of seventy three patients with T2DM, attending the OP of a tertiary care medical college hospital. Thirty four individuals were with HbA1c < 7% (group 1) and thirty nine with HbA1c ≥ 7% (group 2). Cation concentrations were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy and HbA1c by ion exchange chromatography. Results: The individual cation concentrations were not significantly different between the groups. Association of these serum ion concentrations with the glycemic control in group 2 (HbA1c 7%) was noted. Significant association of cation ratios with glycemic control was noted. Conclusion: The concentration of magnesium, zinc and chromium were low in subjects with poor glycemic control (HbA1c > 7%). Cation ratios were significantly associated with the glycemic control in T2DM.展开更多
This paper extends the criterion of the misclassification ratio of discriminant model and presents a new selection method of discriminant model.For selecting the discriminant model,this method establishes the rule of ...This paper extends the criterion of the misclassification ratio of discriminant model and presents a new selection method of discriminant model.For selecting the discriminant model,this method establishes the rule of misclassification degree ratio through misclassification ratio of the discriminant model and misclassification degree of the samples.To test the effect of this method,this work uses seven UCI data sets.Numerical experiments on these examples indicate that this method has certain rationality and has a better effect to select a discriminant model.展开更多
The forest litter is an essential reservoir of nutrients in forests, supplying a large part of absorbable base cations(BC) to topsoil, and facilitating plant growth within litter-soil system. To characterize elevation...The forest litter is an essential reservoir of nutrients in forests, supplying a large part of absorbable base cations(BC) to topsoil, and facilitating plant growth within litter-soil system. To characterize elevational patterns of base cation concentrations in the forest litter and topsoil, and explore the effects of climate and tree species, we measured microclimate and collected the forest litter and topsoil(0-10 cm) samples across an elevational range of more than 2000 m(1243 ～ 3316 m a.s.l.),and analyzed the concentrations of BC in laboratory. Results showed that: 1) litter Ca concentration displayed a hump-shaped pattern along the elevational gradients, but litter K and Mg showed saddle-shaped patterns. Soil Ca concentration increased with elevation, while soil K and Mg had no significant changes. 2) Ca concentration in the forest litter under aspen(Populus davidiana) was significantly higher than that in all other species, but in topsoil, Ca concentration was higher under coniferous larch and fir(Larix chinensis and Abies fargesii). Litter K and Mg concentrations was higher under coniferous larch and fir, whereas there were nosignificant differences among tree species in the concentrations of K and Mg in topsoil. 3) Climatic factors including mean annual temperature(MAT), growing season precipitation(GSP) and non-growing season precipitation(NGSP) determined BC concentrations in the forest litter and topsoil. Soil C/N and C/P also influenced BC cycling between litter and soil. Observation along elevations within different tree species implies that above-ground tree species can redistribute below-ground cations, and this process is profoundly impacted by climate. Litter and soil Ca, K and Mg with different responses to environmental variables depend on their soluble capacity and mobile ability.展开更多
Two oxetane-derived monomers, 3-（2-cyano-ethoxy）methyl- and 3-（methoxy-（triethylenoxy））methyl-3＇- methyloxetane （COX and MTOX）, were prepared from 3-hydroxymethyl-3＇-methyloxetane. Their homo- and copolymeri...Two oxetane-derived monomers, 3-（2-cyano-ethoxy）methyl- and 3-（methoxy-（triethylenoxy））methyl-3＇- methyloxetane （COX and MTOX）, were prepared from 3-hydroxymethyl-3＇-methyloxetane. Their homo- and copolymerization in solution were carried out by the cationic ring-opening polymerization with BF3 · Et2O and 1,4-butanediol as co-initiator. The molecular weight and molecular weight distribution were determined using GPC so as to reveal the competition and interchange between active chain end （ACE） and activated monomer （AM） mechanism in the process. The reactivity ratios of the two monomers were calculated according to Kelen-Tudos using ^1H-NMR analysis. The influence of functional side chains in the monomers on the copolymerization behaviors was discussed in virtue of the reactivity ratio data. When doped with lithium salt LiTFSI, the ion conductivity of the homopolymer of MTOX reached 10^-3.58 S/cm at 30℃ and 10^-2.73 S/cm at 80℃, respectively, showing its potential to be used as polymer electrolyte for lithium ion battery.展开更多
文摘Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic polymetabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from resistance to insulin action or inadequacy of insulin secretion. Role of the micro & macro nutrients in the pathogenesis of T2DM has not been studied thoroughly. The aim of this study was to evaluate the status of calcium, magnesium, zinc and chromium in relation to HbA1c in a group of subjects with T2DM patients. Methodology: The study comprised of seventy three patients with T2DM, attending the OP of a tertiary care medical college hospital. Thirty four individuals were with HbA1c < 7% (group 1) and thirty nine with HbA1c ≥ 7% (group 2). Cation concentrations were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy and HbA1c by ion exchange chromatography. Results: The individual cation concentrations were not significantly different between the groups. Association of these serum ion concentrations with the glycemic control in group 2 (HbA1c 7%) was noted. Significant association of cation ratios with glycemic control was noted. Conclusion: The concentration of magnesium, zinc and chromium were low in subjects with poor glycemic control (HbA1c > 7%). Cation ratios were significantly associated with the glycemic control in T2DM.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52070119)Key Laboratory of Financial Mathematics of Fujian Province University(Putian University)(JR201801).
文摘This paper extends the criterion of the misclassification ratio of discriminant model and presents a new selection method of discriminant model.For selecting the discriminant model,this method establishes the rule of misclassification degree ratio through misclassification ratio of the discriminant model and misclassification degree of the samples.To test the effect of this method,this work uses seven UCI data sets.Numerical experiments on these examples indicate that this method has certain rationality and has a better effect to select a discriminant model.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants No. 41771051 and No. 41630750)the National Key Basic Research Special Foundation of China (Grants No. 2011FY110300)
文摘The forest litter is an essential reservoir of nutrients in forests, supplying a large part of absorbable base cations(BC) to topsoil, and facilitating plant growth within litter-soil system. To characterize elevational patterns of base cation concentrations in the forest litter and topsoil, and explore the effects of climate and tree species, we measured microclimate and collected the forest litter and topsoil(0-10 cm) samples across an elevational range of more than 2000 m(1243 ～ 3316 m a.s.l.),and analyzed the concentrations of BC in laboratory. Results showed that: 1) litter Ca concentration displayed a hump-shaped pattern along the elevational gradients, but litter K and Mg showed saddle-shaped patterns. Soil Ca concentration increased with elevation, while soil K and Mg had no significant changes. 2) Ca concentration in the forest litter under aspen(Populus davidiana) was significantly higher than that in all other species, but in topsoil, Ca concentration was higher under coniferous larch and fir(Larix chinensis and Abies fargesii). Litter K and Mg concentrations was higher under coniferous larch and fir, whereas there were nosignificant differences among tree species in the concentrations of K and Mg in topsoil. 3) Climatic factors including mean annual temperature(MAT), growing season precipitation(GSP) and non-growing season precipitation(NGSP) determined BC concentrations in the forest litter and topsoil. Soil C/N and C/P also influenced BC cycling between litter and soil. Observation along elevations within different tree species implies that above-ground tree species can redistribute below-ground cations, and this process is profoundly impacted by climate. Litter and soil Ca, K and Mg with different responses to environmental variables depend on their soluble capacity and mobile ability.
基金This research work was funded by National Key Projects on Basic Research and Development (The "973" Project, No. 2002CB211800).
文摘Two oxetane-derived monomers, 3-（2-cyano-ethoxy）methyl- and 3-（methoxy-（triethylenoxy））methyl-3＇- methyloxetane （COX and MTOX）, were prepared from 3-hydroxymethyl-3＇-methyloxetane. Their homo- and copolymerization in solution were carried out by the cationic ring-opening polymerization with BF3 · Et2O and 1,4-butanediol as co-initiator. The molecular weight and molecular weight distribution were determined using GPC so as to reveal the competition and interchange between active chain end （ACE） and activated monomer （AM） mechanism in the process. The reactivity ratios of the two monomers were calculated according to Kelen-Tudos using ^1H-NMR analysis. The influence of functional side chains in the monomers on the copolymerization behaviors was discussed in virtue of the reactivity ratio data. When doped with lithium salt LiTFSI, the ion conductivity of the homopolymer of MTOX reached 10^-3.58 S/cm at 30℃ and 10^-2.73 S/cm at 80℃, respectively, showing its potential to be used as polymer electrolyte for lithium ion battery.
