Access to Financial Services——An Analysis from the Human Rights Perspective

There is a broad connection between finance and human rights,with finance having both positive and negative impacts on human rights.Everyone has a need for access to financial services.Documents in both the international human rights and international finance fields address the relationship between financial services and human rights.Among financial services,microcredit and inclusive finance have the closest connection to human rights and potentially the greatest impact on human rights.Access to financial services promotes economic,social,and cultural rights as well as the rights of specific groups.The conditions for access to financial services to promote human rights require the state to assume obligations to recognize,respect,protect,and fulfill the need for individuals to access financial services,and to ensure the availability,accessibility,acceptability,and adaptability of basic financial services.Access to financial services has played a significant role in China’s comprehensive victory in the battle of poverty alleviation,providing valuable experience for the international community in poverty eradication,achieving sustainable development goals,and protecting and promoting human rights.

Resilience and Stability in Organizations Employing Cloud Computing in the Financial Services Industry

The services and solutions offered by cloud computing continue to grow, just as the number of organizations relying on the service. Cloud computing has become prevalent in the financial services industry, where 83% of financial services institutions identified cloud computing as a primary element of their infrastructure. Although there are specific benefits of cloud computing that organizations rely on such as access to critical services and lower costs, there is the possibility that cloud computing will create costs for organizations. The purpose of the study was to present an intensive review of the benefits and threats by investigating resilience and stability of the organizations in financial services industry that use cloud computing as their primary element of infrastructure. Data collected from the interview was used to answer original research questions, which are: How are organizations in the financial services industry resilient when faced with threats or losses associated with the use of cloud computing in their organization? How do organizations in the financial services industry maintain stability when faced with threats or losses associated with the use of cloud computing in their organization? The study supports the advancement of knowledge by identifying the threats and losses that occur due to the use of cloud computing, and organizations understand common threats and thus implement proper mitigation.

How Chinese Financial Centers Integrate into Global Financial Center Networks:An Empirical Study Based on Overseas Expansion of Chinese Financial Service Firms

The increasing globalization of the Chinese economy has been enabled by both Chinese financial institutions operating globally as well as international firms operating within China. In geographical terms, this has been organized through a number of strategic cities serving as gateways for the exchange of financial functions, products and practices between China and the global economy. Drawing on location data of financial service firms in China listed on stock exchanges in Shenzhen, Shanghai and Hong Kong, this paper shows that Chinese financial firms are expanding globally and how Chinese financial centers are positioned and connected in the urban networks shaped by these financial service firms. It is found that Hong Kong, China, holds strategic positions in the integration of Chinese cities into global financial center networks, and that establishing a foothold in global financial centers such as New York and London has been a priority for Chinese financial institutions. The increasing capital flows directed by Chinese financial institutionssuggests a shifting global financial geography, with numerous Chinese cities playing increasingly important roles within global financial center networks.

WTO’S understanding on commitments in financial services

Participants in the Uruguay Hound have been enabled to take on specific commitments with respect to financial services under the General Agreement on Trade in Services (hereinafter referred to as the "Agreement") on the basis of an alternative approach to that covered by the provisions of Part Ⅲ of the Agreement. It was agreed that this approach could be applied subject to the following understanding: (i) it does not conflict with the provisions of the Agreement; (ii) it does not prejudice the right of ...

The Impact of Water Price on the Financial Sustainability of the Palestinian Water Service Providers

The impactof water sales price on the performance of water service providers is typically something of a mystery. High prices mean more revenue and profit;but it may lead to less bills collection and encourage the illegal connections. Yet, this argument has not been fully addressed in the Palestinian water sector;this research evaluates the effect of average water prices on the financial sustainability key indicators as collection efficiency, profit or loss percentage, non-revenue water, staff productivity, daily consumption, operating, and maintenance cost. The average price of cubic meter sold is segmented into low, medium, and high categories. Multivariate analysis shows that there are significant differences in profit or working ratio, daily consumption, and operating cost based on the different price categories. Further significant differences have been found in non-revenue water, collection efficiency, and water production based on low and high price categories. On the other hand, no significant difference has been found in staff productivity. The results show high price set by Palestinian water providers, leads to an increase in the bill collection rate and profit margin. However, negative relationship has been found between the price on one hand, and non-revenue water, average daily consumption, and water production on the other hand. The implication of these findings reveal that the Palestinian water providers should increase water prices gradually to cover operating and maintenance cost for better financial performance and sustainability.

Can Financial Shared Services Improve Business Performance?Evidence from Chinese A-share Listed Corporations

Taking Chinese A-share listed corporations as sample,this paper studies whether the implementation of financial shared service center,an IT-based financial management practice,can significantly improve the business performance.We conduct Wilcoxon rank sum test and OLS regression model.The results show that there is a significant difference in business performance between the corporations without financial shared service center and the matching samples which have implemented financial shared service.In addition,the positive effect of financial shared services on business performance has a time-lag.As the corporations become adept on financial shared services,their business performance such as profitability,operating ability and growth could be improved steadily.Our study provides suggestions on whether corporations’might upgrade their financial system and how to evaluate the implementation results.

Facing Both Challenges and Opportunities:How Can Financial Service Firms Survive Under the Pandemic?SOAR Analysis of Three Leading Firms in the Financial Service Industry

After the breakout of COVID-19,many entity industries have to shut down.The rapid decline of money transaction caused by the shutdown of the entity industries has shocked the financial service industry while the increase in digital transactions also offers them opportunities.Facing both challenges and opportunities,financial services firms should change their target and compensation policy during the pandemic to survive.After analysing three major firms in this industry by using SOAR method,we conclude four keys for financial services firms to survive in COVID-19.

A Discussion on the Establishment of Financial Shared Service Center for Medical Groups

Financial transformation has become a trend,and under the influence of medical reform policies,such as the zero-price difference in pharmaceutical consumables and medical insurance payment by disease,the cost pressure on the medical industry is exceptionally high.The primary focus of this paper is on how to integrate resources and obtain cost advantages through financial shared service center,so as to increase the competitiveness of regional medical groups.

数字金融创新有助于促进实体经济高质量发展吗?——基于金融服务效率的机制分析与空间计量

中央金融工作会议强调,坚持把金融服务实体经济作为根本宗旨。数字金融作为数字技术与金融业态融合创新的产物,对提升金融服务效率,支持实体经济高质量发展具有重要意义。基于2011-2021年中国31个省级行政区的平衡面板数据,通过构建实体经济高质量发展指标体系和嵌套空间权重矩阵,运用空间计量模型、动态杜宾模型和中介效应检验方法,实证研究数字金融创新对实体经济高质量发展的直接影响、溢出效应和作用机制,得出:数字金融创新不仅能直接促进本地区实体经济的高质量发展,而且具有正向空间溢出效应,对邻近地区实体经济高质量发展呈现渐进、动态的长期影响。中介效应检验结果表明,提升金融服务效率是数字金融创新促进实体经济高质量发展的主要作用机制。在金融科技创新监管试点地区,数字金融创新对实体经济高质量发展的直接影响、溢出效应和中介效应均明显高于非试点地区。因此,要稳步推进金融科技创新监管试点,优化数字金融业态空间布局,畅通数字金融促进实体经济高质量发展的传导机制。

金融科技创新如何促进实体经济高质量发展——基于金融服务效率的机制分析与空间计量

金融科技创新对于提升金融服务效率,服务实体经济具有重要意义。基于2011—2021年我国31个省份的平衡面板数据,运用空间计量模型和中介效应检验,研究金融科技创新对实体经济高质量发展的直接影响、间接效应和作用机制。研究发现:金融科技创新不仅能直接促进本地区实体经济高质量发展,而且具有正向空间溢出,对邻近地区实体经济高质量发展呈现渐进、动态的长期影响。中介效应和异质性检验表明,提升金融服务效率是金融科技创新促进实体经济高质量发展的主要机制。在金融科技创新监管试点地区,金融科技对实体经济高质量发展的直接影响、间接效应和中介效应均明显高于非试点地区。因此,要优化金融科技业态空间布局,提升金融服务效率,深化金融科技创新监管试点,以更好地服务实体经济高质量发展。

以新发展理念引领中国特色金融发展之路

金融服务于高质量发展,必须完整、准确、全面贯彻新发展理念,把金融服务实体经济作为根本宗旨,切实融入到创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享发展的全过程和各领域。现阶段,金融服务“创新发展”,要着力解决创新型技术产业成长的风险分担、内生动力、共性基础设施供给等问题;金融服务“协调发展”,要着力改进既有经济结构、金融结构中的不均衡问题;金融服务“绿色发展”,应遵循促进可持续增长、维护生态公平等原则;金融服务“开放发展”,要着力围绕交易成本、比较优势来推进对外经贸投资活动;金融服务“共享发展”,要着力推进普惠金融、养老金融高质量发展。

地方财政自主性与公共服务配置效率:基于法定支出约束视角

财政分权是推动各级政府良性运转,保障社会基本公共服务的重要制度基础,关于分权的效率影响迄今尚未形成广泛共识。本文立足于以法定支出标准为主的地方财政事权约束视角,通过建构包含非自由支配支出项目的央地财政关系理论框架,重新审视了基于特定政治激励机制的地方财政自主性与公共服务配置效率间的动态联系。研究发现,在考虑存在法定支出标准的制度情境下,地方财政自主性对公共服务供给效率具有显著的负向效应,法定支出标准的设定有效缩小了公共资源配置相较于最优状态的偏离度。以上效应在生产性项目,经济水平较高以及地方官员任期更短的地区更为明显。机制分析表明,地方政府在拥有一定的财政自主性条件下,通过压缩基本公共服务支出份额和选择生产性偏向的支出结构降低了公共服务配置效率。进一步研究发现,2014年《预算法》修订取消法定支出标准有利于优化地方公共服务资源配置,从而导致基准效应在更长事件窗口期内呈现先降后升的“U”型非线性特征。本文丰富了现阶段关于政府间财政分权的理论研究,对新时期进一步明确政府间支出责任划分,推动公共民生事业发展等方面具有一定政策启示。

托育服务补助制度:理论逻辑与可行性分析

儿童照顾服务具有公共产品属性和社会投资属性,儿童照顾的责任和成本应当由家庭和国家共同承担。在家庭照顾资源减少、托育服务供给有限、养育成本高企的背景下,国家应当建立托育服务补助制度,以降低家庭照顾儿童的成本,并增加有效需求以促进社会化托育服务发展。通过建立适合于全国和各地的估算模型,基于对未来0~2岁婴幼儿人口的预测和适度补助标准,估算2024—2035年托育服务补助制度的财政资金规模发现,这项制度的财务成本可以承受。为此,建议政府积极创造条件尽快实行这项制度,同时健全人口动态监测系统,采用多种补助形式,实行托育服务补助申请制,加强补助资金监管和引导。

企业财务共享服务中心运行效率研究

大数据、云计算、人工智能、互联网等多种新技术的迅速发展,使得财务共享服务中心成为越来越多大型企业的选择。企业在投入大量资源,完成财务共享服务中心的建设后,其实施的效率便成为了企业下阶段应当关注的重点。基于此利用DEA-BCC模型,静态分析财务共享服务中心的运行效率,以发现财务共享服务中心运行过程中存在的问题,并依此提出相应的改进建议。