Elastic and Thermodynamic Properties of CdSe from First-Principles Calculations

The lattice parameters, bulk modulus, phase transition pressure, and temperature dependencies of the elastic constants cij of CdSe are investigated by using the Cambridge Serial Total Energy Package （CASTEP） program in the frame of Density Functional Theory （DFT）. It is found that the phase transitions from the ZB structure to the RS structure and from WZ structure to RS structure are 2.2 GPa and 2.8 GPa, respectively. Our results agree well with the available experimental data and other theoretical results. The aggregate elastic modulus （B, G, E, A ）, the Poisson＇s ratio （v）, the Griuneisen parameter （γ）, the Debye temperature θD on pressure and temperature are also successfully obtained.

First principles investigation of binary intermetallics in Mg-Al-Ca-Sn alloy:Stability,electronic structures,elastic properties and thermodynamic properties

The structural stability, electronic structures, elastic properties and thermodynamic properties of the main binary phases Mg_（17）Al_（12）, Al_2Ca, Mg_2 Sn and Mg_2 Ca in Mg-Al-Ca-Sn alloy were determined from the first-principles calculation. The calculated lattice parameters are in good agreement with the experimental and literature values. The calculated heats of formation and cohesive energies show that Al_2Ca has the strongest alloying ability and structural stability. The densities of states（DOS）, Mulliken electron occupation number, metallicity and charge density difference of these compounds are given. The elastic constants of Mg_（17）Al_（12）, Al_2Ca, Mg_2 Sn and Mg_2 Ca phases are calculated, and the bulk moduli, shear moduli, elastic moduli and Poisson ratio are derived. The calculations of thermodynamic properties show that the Gibbs free energies of Al_2Ca and Mg_2 Sn are lower than that of Mg_（17）Al_（12）, which indicates that Al_2Ca and Mg_2 Sn are more stable than Mg_（17）Al_（12） phase. Hence, the heat resistance of Mg-Al-based alloys can be improved by adding Ca and Sn additions.

Theoretical Studies on the Molecular Structures and Thermodynamic Properties of Polychlorinated Fluorenes

Geometric structures of 135 polychlorinated fluorene （PCFR） molecules were optimized using density functional theory （DFT） at the B3LYP/6-311G＊＊ level and their thermodynamic properties in the ideal gas state were calculated. The relations of these thermodynamic properties with the number and position of chlorine atoms were also explored, from which the relative stability of PCFR congeners was theoretically proposed according to the magnitude of the relative standard Gibbs free energy of formation （Δr,fGθ）. The results show that the geometric configuration of PCFR isomers is determined by the position of chlorine atoms. There exist two types of intramolecular weak interactions, i.e., C–H···Cl and Cl···Cl interactions in PCFR molecules. The change of ΔfHθ and ΔfGθ of most stable PCFR isomers with increasing the number of chlorine atoms is different from that in most unstable PCFR congeners. The values of ΔfHθ and ΔfGθ for PCFR isomers with the same number of chlorine atoms strongly depend on the position of chlorine atoms and the relative stability of PCFR congeners is mainly determined by intramolecular delocalized π bond and Cl···Cl nuclear repulsive interaction.

Electronic structures and thermodynamic properties of HfAl_3 in L1_2, D0_(22) and D0_(23) structures

To better understand the relative stability and bonding characteristics of the L12, D022 and D023 structures for HfAl3, the formation enthalpies, electronic structures and thermodynamics properties were investigated by first-principles calculations. The agreement of calculated equilibrium lattice parameters and formation enthalpies with experimental results indicates the reliability of this work. The order of structural stability is D023〉D022〉L12. The results of densities of states, atomic Mulliken charge and bond population support the best structural stability for D023 structure. Variations of thermodynamic properties with temperature were predicted via phonon frequencies calculation. The enthalpy, entropy, free energy of D023 structure change more quickly than those of the other two structures. The Debye temperatures of L12, D022 and D023 structures are 399, 407 and 416 K, respectively. The volume thermal expansions for HfAl3 increase exponentially at the low temperature, whereas the thermal expansion coefficients increase linearly at the high temperature.

Electronic structure and thermodynamic properties of LiBC under high pressure

This paper investigates the electronic structure and thermodynamic properties of LiBC in the hexagonal structure by using the generalized gradient approximation （GGA） and local density approximation correction scheme in the frame of density functional theory. The geometric structure of LiBC under zero pressure, and the dependences of the normalized lattice parameters a/ao and c/co, the ratio e/a, the normalized primitive volume V/Vo on pressure are given. The thermodynamic quantity （including the heat capacity Cv, Debye temperature 6~D, thermal expansion a and Grfineisen parameter -y） dependences on temperature and pressure are obtained through the GGA method and the quasi-harmonic Debye model. The band structures and density of state of LiBC under different pressures have also been analysed.

Theoretical Studies on the Molecular Structures and Thermodynamic Properties of Polychlorinated Fluoranthenes

DFT-B3LYP/6-311G＊＊ method has been used to optimize molecular geometric structures of 527 polychlorinated fluoranthene（PCFRT） congeners and calculate their thermo-dynamic properties in the ideal gas state,such as heat capacity at constant volume（Cv）,entropy（S）,standard enthalpy of formation（ΔfH） and standard Gibbs free energy of formation（ΔfG）.The relations of Cv,S,ΔfH and ΔfG with the number and position of chlorine atoms have also been explored,from which the relative stability of PCFRT congeners was theoretically proposed according to the magnitude of the relative standard Gibbs free energy of formation（Δr,fG）.It was found that some of the PCFRT isomers are in a nonplanar configuration and there are intramolecular Cl…Cl weak interactions in some of the isomers.With increasing the number of chlorine atoms,the values of ΔfH and ΔfG of the most stable PCFRT isomers decrease initially and then increase.The values of ΔfH and ΔfG of PCFRT congeners with the same number of chlorine atoms show a strong dependence on the positions of chlorine atoms.The relative thermodynamic stability of PCFRT isomers is determined mainly by intramolecular adjacent Cl…Cl nuclear repulsive interaction between Cl atoms at two different six-membered rings.Most PCFRT congeners are easier to form thermodynamically than their parent compound.

Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of Evaporated CdSe Films

CdSe films are of great interest for use in thin film photoelectric devices. A simple chemical precipitation method is adopted for the first time to synthesise CdSe powder. Films on glass obtained at different substrate temperatures TS such as 300, 373, 423 and 473 K have been characterised by X-ray diffraction, optical absorption and Hall measurements.

The Structural,Dielectric,Lattice Dynamical and Thermodynamic Properties of Zinc-Blende CdX(X=S,Se,Te) from First-Principles Analysis

The structural, dielectric, lattice dynamical and thermodynamic properties of zinc-blende CdX （X=S, Se, Te） are studied by using a plane-wave pseudopotential method within the density-functional theory. Our calculated lattice constants and bulk modulus are compared with the pubfished experimental and theoretical data. In addition, the Born effective charges, electronic dielectric tensors, phonon frequencies, and longitudinal opticaltransverse optical splitting are calculated by the linear-response approach. Some of the characteristics of the phonon-dispersion curves for zinc-blende CdX （X= S, Se, Te） are summarized. What is more, based on the lattice dynamical properties, we investigate the thermodynamic properties of CdX （X= S, Se, Te） and analyze the temperature dependences of the Helmholtz free energy F, the internal energy E, the entropy S and the constant-volume specific heat Cv. The results show that the heat capacities for CdTe, CdSe, and CdS approach approximately to the Petit-Dulong limit 6R.

Study on structural,mechanical and thermodynamic properties of TiAl alloy under high pressure based on first-principles

The effect of pressure on structural, mechanical properties as well as the temperature dependence of thermodynamic properties of TiAl alloy are investigated by implementing first-principles calculations. The results show that the volume decrea-ses with the pressure increasing. We calculated the CtJ at various pressures and all the results satisfy mechanical stability crite-ria, thus the TiAl alloy is mechanically stable. The elastic constants？ bulk modulus and shear modulus calculated are well in a-greement with the calculated values at zero the pressure. The bulk modulus and shear modulus increase with the pressure in-creasing, which reflects the deformation resistance, and accordingly, deformation resistance can be strengthened with the in-crease of pressure. The brittle nature of TiAl alloy turns to ductile nature in 10 - 20 GPa . The Debye temperature, linear ther-mal expansion and heat capacity are calculated using the quasi-harmonic Debye model under the pressure ranging from 0 to 50 GPa and the temperature ranging from 0 to 1 000 K, which are useful to investigate the effect of temperature and pressure on thermodynamic parameters. Finally, electronic structure is calculated at various pressures,and it can be found that the peak intensity decreases with increasing pressure and the the strength of d-d orbital of Ti is weakened but the ductility is enhanced.

Phase stability,electronic,elastic and thermodynamic properties of Al-RE intermetallics in Mg-Al-RE alloy:A first principles study

Electronic structure and elastic properties of Al_(2)Y,Al_(3)Y,Al_(2)Gd and Al_(3)Gd phases were investigated by means of first-principles calculations from CASTEP program based on density functional theory(DFT).The ground state energy and elastic constants of each phase were calculated,the formation enthalpy(ΔH),bulk modulus(B),shear modulus(G),Young's modulus(E),Poisson's ratio(ν)and anisotropic coefficient(A)were derived.The formation enthalpy shows that Al_(2)RE is more stable than Al_(3)RE,and Al-Y intermetallics have stronger phase stability than Al-Gd intermetallics.The calculated mechanical properties indicate that all these four intermetallics are strong and hard brittle phases,it may lead to the similar performance when deforming due to their similar elastic constants.The total and partial electron density of states(DOS),Mulliken population and metallicity were calculated to analyze the electron structure and bonding characteristics of the phases.Finally,phonon calculation was conducted,and the thermodynamic properties were obtained and further discussed.

First-principles calculations for electronic,optical and thermodynamic properties of ZnS

The electronic, optical and thermodynamic properties of ZnS in the zinc-blende （ZB） and wurtzite （WZ） structures are investigated by using the plane-wave pseudopotential density functional theory （DFT）. The results obtained are consistent with other theoretical results and the available experimental data. When the pressures are above 20.5 and 27 GPa, the ZB-ZnS and the WZ-ZnS are converted into indirect gap semiconductors, respectively. The critical point structure of the frequency-dependent complex dielectric function is investigated and analysed to identify the optical transitions. Moreover, the values of heat capacity Cv and Debye temperature θ at different pressures and different temperatures are also obtained successfully.

Structural, elastic, electronic, and thermodynamic properties of MgAgSb investigated by density functional theory

The structural, elastic, electronic, and thermodynamic properties of thermoelectric material Mg Ag Sb in γ, β, α phases are studied with first-principles calculations based on density functional theory. The optimized lattice constants accord well with the experimental data. According to the calculated total energy of the three phases, the phase transition order is determined from α to γ phase with cooling, which is in agreement with the experimental result. The physical properties such as elastic constants, bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young＇s modulus, Poisson＇s ratio, and anisotropy factor are also discussed and analyzed, which indicates that the three structures are mechanically stable and each has a ductile feature. The Debye temperature is deduced from the elastic properties. The total density of states（TDOS） and partial density of states（PDOS） of the three phases are investigated. The TDOS results show that the γ phase is most stable with a pseudogap near the Fermi level, and the PDOS analysis indicates that the conduction band of the three phases is composed mostly of Mg-3s,Ag-4d, and Sb-5p. In addition, the changes of the free energy, entropy, specific heat, thermal expansion of γ-MgAgSb with temperature are obtained successfully. The obtained results above are important parameters for further experimental and theoretical tuning of doped MgAgSb as a thermoelectric material at high temperature.

Density Function Theory Study of Electronic,Optical and Thermodynamic Properties of CaN_2,SrN_2 and BaN_2

We put forward a first-principles density-functional theory about the impact of pressure on the structural and elastic properties of bulk CaN2,SrN2 and BaN2.The ground state properties of three alkaline earth diazenides were obtained,and these were in good agreement with previous experimental and theoretical data.By using the quasi-harmonic Debye model,the thermodynamic properties including the debye temperature ΘD,thermal expansion coefficient α,and gruneisen parameter y are successfully obtained in the temperature range from 0 to 100 K and pressure range from 0 to 100 GPa,respectively.The optical properties including dielectric function ε（ω）,absorption coefficient α（ω）,reflectivity coefficient R（ω）,and refractive index n（ω） are also calculated and analyzed.

First-principles study of structural, elastic, and thermodynamic properties of ZrHf alloy

Structural parameters, elastic constants, and thermodynamic properties of ordered and disordered solid solutions of ZrHf alloys are investigated through first-principles calculations based on density-functional theory （DFF）. The special quasi-random structure （SQS） method is used to model the disordered phase as a single unit cell, and two lamella structures are generated to model the ordered alloys. Small strains are applied to the unit cells to measure the elastic behavior and mechanical stability of ZrHf alloys and to obtain the independent elastic constants by the stress-strain relationship. Phonon dispersions and phonon density of states are presented to verify the thermodynamic stability of the considered phases. Our results show that both the ordered and disordered phases of ZrHf alloys are structurally stable. Based on the obtained phonon frequencies, thermodynamic properties, including Gibbs free energy, entropy, and heat capacity, are predicted within the quasi-harmonic approximation. It is verified that there are no obvious differences in energy between ordered and disordered phases over a wide temperature range.

Phase transition,structural and thermodynamic properties of Mg_2 Si polymorphs

The plane-wave pseudo-potential method within the framework of first principles is used to investigate the structural and elastic properties of Mg2Si in its intermediate pressure （Pnma） and high pressure phases （P63/mrnc）. The lattice constants, the band structures. The bulk moduli of the Mg2Si polymorphs are presented and discussed. The phase transition from anti-cotunnite to Ni2In-type Mg2Si is successfully reproduced using a vibrational Debye-like model. The phase boundary can be described as P = 24.02994 ＋ 3.93 × 10^-3T -- 4.66816 × 10^-5T2 -- 2.2501 × 10^-9T3＋ 2.33786 × 10^-11T4. To complete the fundamental characteristics of these polymorphs we have analysed thermodynamic properties, such as thermal expansion and heat capacity, in a pressure range of 1-40 GPa and a temperature range of 0-1300 K. The obtained results tend to support the available experimental data and other theoretical results. Therefore, the present results indicate that the combination of first principles and a vibrational Debye-like model is an efficient scheme to simulate the high temperature behaviours of Mg2Si.

Structural,Electronic,Optical and Thermodynamic Properties of Nanolaminated Boride Cr_4AlB_6

Density functional calculations were used to investigate the structural,electronic,optical and thermal properties of Cr_4AlB_6.The optimized lattice constants and atomic positions accord well with the experimental data.The analysis of band structure and density of states confirms the metallic nature of Cr_4AlB_6.The static dielectric constant e1（0） is about 128.0,and the maximum optical conductivity occurs at about 8.12 eV.In the photon energy range from 7.87 to 23.48 e V,Cr_4AlB_6 presents a metal reflective property.The plasma resonance frequency wp of Cr_4AlB_6 is at the photon energy of 23.85 eV,and Cr_4AlB_6 will be transparent and change from metallic to dielectric response if the incident light has frequency greater than the plasma frequency of Cr_4AlB_6.Thermodynamic properties including the primitive cell volume and thermal expansion,the bulk modulus and heat capacity Cv were further investigated with the increasing temperature and pressure by using the quasi-harmonic Debye model.

First-principles calculation of structural and thermodynamic properties of titanium boride

The equilibrium lattice parameters, electronic structure, bulk modulus, Debye temperature, heat capacity and Gibbs energy of TiB and TiB2 were investigated using the pseudopotential plane-wave method based on density functional theory (DFT) and the improved quasi-harmonic Debye method. The results show that the total density of states (DOS) of TiB2 is mainly provided by the orbit hybridization of Ti-3d and B-2p states, and the total DOS of TiB is mainly provided by the hybrids bond of Ti-3d and B-2p below the Fermi level and Ti—Ti bond up to the Fermi level. The Ti—B hybrid bond in TiB2 is stronger than that in TiB. Finally, the enthalpy of formation at 0 K, heat capacity and Gibbs free energy of formation at various temperatures were determined. The calculated results are in excellent agreement with the available experimental data.

水相制备CdSe量子点及其ZnS核壳结构量子点

因具有较宽的可调控发光范围,CdSe量子点及其ZnS核壳结构量子点受到了研究者们的普遍关注。采用水相回流法合成了CdSe量子点及其ZnS核壳结构量子点,并结合透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见光吸收光谱(UV-Vis)和荧光光谱(PL)对样品进行表征。TEM结果表明,合成的量子点粒径分布较宽且结晶度较高;从XRD分析结果可以看出,CdSe量子点为闪锌矿结构,沿着晶面向外生长ZnS壳层后,谱峰向高角度偏移;从UV-Vis和PL分析结果可以看出,CdSe量子点于500 nm处出现吸收肩峰,于644 nm处出现半高宽较宽的缺陷发光峰;随着反应时间的延长,于577 nm处出现本征发光峰。包覆了ZnS壳层后,量子点不仅发光强度明显增大,而且稳定性显著提高。该合成方法节能环保、生产效率高,具有较大的应用空间。

闪锌矿型CdSe电子结构和光学性质的研究

采用基于密度泛函理论(DFT)框架下广义梯度近似平面波超软赝势法,计算了闪锌矿型CdSe的电子结构和光学性质。计算结果表明闪锌矿型CdSe为直接带隙半导体,禁带宽度为0.52eV。计算并分析了闪锌矿型CdSe的复介电函数、复折射率、反射率、吸收系数、损失函数和光电导率,计算得到其静态介电常数为6.18,折射率为2.49,吸收系数的最大峰值为298362.9cm1,理论计算结果与其他文献结果基本一致,为闪锌矿型CdSe的应用提供了理论参考数据。

(CdSe)_n(n=1,2)团簇性质及CdSe分子热力学性质的理论计算(英文)

用密度泛函B3LYP方法、有效核势（ECP）基组LanL2DZ对（CdSe）n（n=1，2）团簇进行了理论研究，得到（CdSe）n（n=1，2）分子体系可能存在的状态及各电子状态的平衡几何Re、谐振频率、偶极矩和离解能De、不同温度、压力下的热力学函数值；设用总能量中的电子和振动能量近似代表CdSe分子处于固态时的能量，用总熵中的电子和振动熵近似代表CdSe分子处于固态时的熵，进而计算了Cd与Se反应的△H^θ、△S^θ、△G^θ，并由此计算出不同温度的反应平衡常数Kp结果表明：在298～1400K温度范围内，Cd与Se反应的自由能值均为负，且随着温度的升高，△G^θ值负的越多，表明在这个温度范围内反应能自发发生，而且自发趋势随温度的升高逐渐增大；平衡常数逐渐减小，即反应进行程度随温度的升高逐渐减小；CdSe分子材料的导电性随压力增大而增强．