Enhancing the stability of Ni Fe-layered double hydroxide nanosheet array for alkaline seawater oxidation by Ce doping

Electrocatalytic hydrogen production from seawater holds enormous promise for clean energy generation.Nevertheless,the direct electrolysis of seawater encounters significant challenges due to poor anodic stability caused by detrimental chlorine chemistry.Herein,we present our recent discovery that the incorporation of Ce into Ni Fe layered double hydroxide nanosheet array on Ni foam(Ce-Ni Fe LDH/NF)emerges as a robust electrocatalyst for seawater oxidation.During the seawater oxidation process,CeO_(2)is generated,effectively repelling Cl^(-)and inhibiting the formation of Cl O-,resulting in a notable enhancement in the oxidation activity and stability of alkaline seawater.The prepared Ce-Ni Fe LDH/NF requires only overpotential of 390 m V to achieve the current density of 1 A cm^(-2),while maintaining long-term stability for 500 h,outperforming the performance of Ni Fe LDH/NF(430 m V,150 h)by a significant margin.This study highlights the effectiveness of a Ce-doping strategy in augmenting the activity and stability of materials based on Ni Fe LDH in seawater electrolysis for oxygen evolution.

Mn^(2+)掺杂对YAG∶Ce^(3+)荧光陶瓷发光性能的影响

过渡族金属Mn^(2+)掺杂的石榴石荧光陶瓷被认为是实现高显色激光照明的候选材料。然而,由于Mn^(2+)在不同配位环境下离子半径的多样性,Mn^(2+)掺杂石榴石陶瓷体系设计方案尚不明确。本文采用真空烧结技术制备得到不同浓度Mn^(2+)掺杂的YAG∶Ce^(3+)荧光陶瓷,并将Mn^(2+)分别设计进入八面体(OC)和十二面体(DO)格位。通过表征样品物相和显微结构、光致发光、荧光寿命、量子效率等,并通过LD激光器激发对荧光陶瓷的发光性能进行研究。实验结果表明,在添加电荷与体积补偿剂SiO_(2)的前提下,相比Mn^(2+)进入十二面体格位,Mn^(2+)进入八面体后石榴石的晶体结构更加稳定。因此,当Mn^(2+)的浓度控制在0.5%^(6)%(at)范围内,OC系列样品的量子效率高于DO系列样品。此外,OC系列样品的PL谱中位于588 nm和725 nm处的发射峰分别对应于Mn^(2+)占据八面体和十二面体格位的^(4)T_(1)→^(6)A_(1)电子跃迁,而DO系列样品中位于572 nm处的发射峰则源于Mn^(2+)占据扭曲的十二面体格位产生的电子跃迁。得益于Ce^(3+)→Mn^(2+)间高效的能量传递,将浓度为6%(at)的Mn^(2+)设计进入YAG∶Ce^(3+)中八面体格位制得荧光陶瓷,封装得到的激光白光光源的显色指数为70.8,相对色温为5117 K。本文对于Mn^(2+)掺杂的石榴石发光材料的开发研究是有力补充,也为提升YAG∶Ce^(3+)荧光陶瓷光谱中的红光成分,进而提高医疗、显示等领域的激光光源的显色性能提供借鉴。

Ce掺杂Ni_(2)P纳米片的电子调控促进高效析氧

设计高效非贵金属析氧反应(OER)电催化剂对电化学能量转换具有非常重要的意义.本文通过水热法和煅烧法,成功制备了铈(Ce)掺杂磷化镍(Ni_(2)P)纳米片催化剂Ce-Ni_(2)P.微量Ce掺杂使催化剂表面产生丰富的磷空位,并显著调控了催化剂表面的电子结构,优化了催化活性位的化学价态.得益于Ce掺杂对催化剂表面的电子结构调控,Ce-Ni_(2)P催化剂在碱性电解液中表现出优异的OER性能和长期的稳定性.在50和100 mA/cm^(2)电流密度下,Ce-Ni_(2)P的OER过电位分别为241和281 mV,显著优于Ni_(2)P和商用RuO _(2)的过电位.

Gd^(3+)/Ce^(3+)对Tb^(3+)掺杂氟氧化物玻璃发光敏化作用的影响

本文采用高温熔融法制备了Gd/Tb、Gd/Ce、Gd/Ce/Tb掺杂的SiO_(2)-B_(2)O_(3)-BaF_(2)组分氟氧化物玻璃,通过测试X射线衍射光谱确定了其物相,通过测试其不同波段激发下的荧光光谱研究了不同Gd_(2)O_(3)掺量下Tb^(3+)的发光性能,并确定了Gd_(2)O_(3)更精确的最佳掺量范围。此外,文中通过改变气氛制备了Gd/Ce/Tb共掺杂氟氧化物玻璃,对比研究了Gd^(3+)和Ce^(3+)对Tb^(3+)的敏化作用。结果表明,本文所制备的氟氧化物玻璃都呈稳定的玻璃态;Gd^(3+)和Ce^(3+)对Tb^(3+)的发光都具有敏化作用,且Gd_(2)O_(3)掺量为7%(摩尔分数,下同)时敏化效果相较于其他掺量最为显著,超出7%则造成猝灭;Ce_(2)O_(3)掺入玻璃后以Ce^(3+)和Ce^(4+)两种价态共存,在还原气氛下掺入相较于空气气氛下掺入更容易保持Ce^(3+)状态,而且Ce^(3+)对Tb^(3+)的发光具有敏化作用,Ce^(4+)会抑制Tb^(3+)的发光。

Study on Desulfurization Efficiency and Products of Ce-Doped Nanosized ZnO Desulfurizer at Ambient Temperature

Ce-doped nanosized ZnO desulfurizer was prepared by homogeneous precipitation,and its desulfurization efficiency at ambient temperature was investigated through dynamic experiments.The results showed that the desulfurization activity of nanosized Ce-ZnO had improved greatly,compared to nanosized ZnO desulfurizer.Nanosized Ce-ZnO desulfurizer was characterized by XRD,TPD-MS,XPS,and TEM.The research results indicated that doping Ce decreased the particle size of the nanosized ZnO desulfurizer and ZnS was the principal desulfurization product.There were adsorption complexes of HS and S on the surface of desulfurizer as well.Only a small amount of vapor appeared in the tail gas on the condition of meeting the precision of desulfurization.

Selective catalytic oxidation of NO with O_2 over Ce-doped MnO_x/TiO_2 catalysts

A series of Ce-doped MnOx/TiO2 catalysts were prepared by impregnation method and used for catalytic oxidation of NO in the presence of excess O2. The sample with the Ce doping concentration of Ce/Mn=l/3 and calcined at 300 ℃ shows a superior activity for NO oxidation to NO2. On Ce（1）Mn（3）Ti catalyst, 58% NO conversion was obtained at 200 ℃ and 85% NO conversion at 250 ℃ with a GHSV of 41000 h-1, which was much higher than that over MnOx/TiO2 catalyst （48% at 250 ℃）. Characterization results implied that the higher activity of Ce（1）Mn（3）Ti could be attributed to the enrichment of well-dispersed MnO2 on the surface and the abundance of Mn3＋ and Zi3＋ species. The addition of Ce into MnO2/TiO2 could improve oxygen storage capacity and facilitate oxygen mobility of the catalyst as shown by PL and ESR, so that its activity for NO oxidation could be enhanced. The effect of H2O and SO2 on the catalyst activity was also investigated.

Effect of Zr-doping on Pd/CexZr1-xO2 catalysts for oxidative carbonylation of phenol

Ce–Zr solid solution(CexZr1-xO2,CZO)was prepared by the citric acid sol–gel method.The CZO was then used as a support for Pd/CZO catalysts for the oxidative carbonylation of phenol to diphenyl carbonate.The Pd/CZO catalyst showed enhanced activity and diphenyl carbonate selectivity compared with the Pd/CeO2 catalyst.The catalytic performance of Pd/CZO was influenced by the calcination temperature of the CZO support.X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,N2 adsorption–desorption measurements,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and H2 temperature-programmed reduction measurements were used to investigate the effects of Zr doping and calcination temperature.The catalytic performance of Pd/CZO and Pd/CeO2 for the oxidative carbonylation of phenol was affected by several factors,including the specific surface area,Ce^3+and/or oxygen vacancy content,oxygen species type and Pd(II)content of the catalyst.All these properties were influenced by Zr doping and the calcination temperature of the CZO support.

Synthesis of cerium-doped MCM-48 molecular sieves and its catalytic performance for selective oxidation of cyclohexane

Cerium-doped MCM-48 molecular sieves were synthesized hydrothermally and characterized by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption, transmission electron microscope, FT-IR spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that all the samples held the structure of MCM-48, and Ce could enter the framework of MCM-48. However, when Ce/Si molar ratio in the sampies was high （0.04 or 0.059）, there were CeO2 crystallites as secondary phase in the extraframework of MCM-48. Ce-doped MCM-48 was a very efficient catalyst for the oxidation of cyclohexane in a solvent-free system with oxygen as an oxidant. In the conditions of 0.5 MPa 02 and 413 K for 5 h, the conversion of cyclohexane was 8.1% over Ce-MCM-48-0.02, the total selectivity of cyclohexanol and cyclohaxnone was 98.7%. With an increase of Ce content, the conversion of cyclohexane and the selectivity to cyclohexanol decreased somewhat, but the selectivity to cyclohexanone increased.

STM and STS investigations of Ce-doped TiO_2 nanoparticles

Ce-doped titanium oxide nanoparticles were investigated in the paper. The surface structures of undoped and Ce-doped TiO2 nanoparticles were observed by scanning tunneling microscopy （STM）. The experimental results of scanning tunneling spectroscopy （STS） show that the surface electronic structures of TiO2 nanoparticles are modified by introducing new electronic states in the surface band gap through cerium ion doping. The results are discussed in terms of the influence of doping concentration on the surface band gap of TiO2.

Synthesis and Optical Properties of Ce-doped ZnO

ZnO nanorods were synthesized using the sol-gel method, and the effects of annealing temperature and Ce doping on the morphologies and optical properties of ZnO nanostructures were investigated in detail. The XRD measurements showed that the as-synthesized ZnO nanostructures had a hexagonal wurtzite structure. SEM images showed that uniform nanorods formed at 900 °C. Photoluminescence measurements showed an ultraviolet emission peak and a relatively broad visible light emission peak for the samples sintered at different temperatures. The UV emission peak bathochromically shifted when the annealing temperature rose from 850 to 1000 °C. Ce doping decreased the synthesized temperature of the ZnO nanorods to 500 °C, and the UV peaks hypsochromically shifted.

Ce、Zr共掺杂提高Cu-ZSM-5催化分解NO性能及抗K中毒能力

将NO在Cu-ZSM-5催化剂的作用下直接分解为环保、清洁的N 2和O_(2)是最具经济效益的脱硝手段。高温烟气中存在大量的碱金属,但碱金属会使催化剂催化活性降低、使用寿命大大缩短,并使催化剂造成不可逆的失活。通过离子交换法制备MZ5催化剂(M=Cu、Ce、Zr、CuCe、CuZr、CuCeZr),采用初湿浸渍法将K离子负载到MZ5催化剂。脱硝实验结果表明:在最佳反应温度550℃下,相比于CuZ5,CuCeZrZ5催化剂的NO转化率由原来的53%提高到58%,KCuCeZrZ5催化剂的NO转化率由53%降到52%;相比于KCuZ5,KCuCeZrZ5催化剂的NO转化率由39%提高到52%。采用ICP、SEM、XRD、BET、XPS、H_(2)-TPR和O_(2)-TPD等表征手段对催化剂元素含量、微观形貌、骨架结构、孔隙规律、铜物种种类、化学吸附氧、铜离子还原温度和活性物种中氧气的脱附温度等进行分析。结果显示:Ce、Zr的引入不会对催化剂的骨架结构、结晶度和晶粒尺寸造成损伤;Ce、Zr的引入促进催化剂形成更多的氧空位和活性成分{Cu—O—Cu}^(2+),并增强催化剂的储氧和氧运输能力。当K^(+)引入后,KCuZ5催化剂的脱硝活性明显降低、孔隙结构恶化以及K^(+)与活性成分{Cu—O—Cu}^(2+)结合迁移形成CuO;K^(+)优先与Ce物种结合,进而有效保护ZSM-5的三维交叉孔道结构,减缓Cu^(2+)迁移形成CuO以及促进活性成分{Cu—O—Cu}^(2+)与{Cu—□—Cu}^(2+)之间的氧化还原循环。

Preparation and Photocatalytic Activity of Ce, H3PW12O40 co-doped TiO2 Hollow Fibers

一系列 Ce， H3PW12O40 共同做 TiO2 空纤维光催化剂被大音阶的第五音胶化方法作为模板作为先锋和棉花纤维用铵 ceric 硝酸盐， H3PW12O40 和 tetrabutyltitanate 准备了，在 500 慦桳潩由锻烧列在后面？

Pr掺杂Ni~(Ce-Zr)O_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)用于三效催化(TWC)反应:缺陷性质-活性关系

为探究稀土金属掺杂CeZrO_(x)催化剂引发的缺陷结构对汽车尾气污染控制的影响,合成了不同Pr掺杂量的Ni~(Ce_(6)Zr_(4-x)Pr_(x))O_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)系列催化剂,并对其进行了TWC催化活性评价、耐SO_(2)性能测试和系统性表征,研究Pr掺杂引起的缺陷性质对催化性能的影响.结果表明,Pr掺杂Ni~(Ce-Zr)O_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)产生两种缺陷:氧空位(O_(v))和晶格扭曲,Pr的掺杂水平控制着缺陷位的类型和浓度.O_(v)在TWC反应中起关键作用.在Pr掺杂的Ni~(Ce_(6)Zr_(4-x)Pr_(x))O_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)催化剂中,TWC的催化性能显著地依赖于O_(v)浓度,Pr掺杂产生的O_(v)可改善NiO的分散,加速本体氧的迁移和扩散,促进大量活性氧物种的形成,促进CO和HC的吸附和氧化,也可激活和削弱N-O键促进NO的解离.具有最多O_(v)数量的Ni~(Ce6Zr3Pr1)O_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)在200~600℃时表现出最突出的三效催化性能和较好的抗硫性能,而晶格扭曲对催化性能影响并不大.

花状Ce-BiOBr的制备及其高效光催化降解卡马西平

笔者采用溶剂热法合成一系列不同掺杂比的Ce-BiOBr光催化剂,用不同比例的乙二醇和水作为溶剂探究乙二醇(EG)对Ce-BiOBr光催化剂形貌的影响.合成的催化剂通过XRD,XPS,SEM,FT-IR,UV-Vis和BET等测试手段进行表征与性能测试,并用于光催化降解卡马西平污染物,探究共存无机离子对Ce-BiOBr光催化性能的影响.结果发现:与BiOBr相比,Ce(Ⅲ)的掺入极大地提高了电子空穴的分离与转移效率;利用不同比例的乙二醇和水作为溶剂时,BiOBr的形貌发生了明显的改变,使得原本的BiOBr纳米片尺寸变小,厚度变薄,团聚成类花状形貌;其中,0.5EG-5%Ce-BiOBr的光催化活性最高,在可见光下70 min可降解98%的卡马西平.根据催化剂的导带、价带电位,以及活性物种捕获实验,提出了可能的光催化反应机制.

Ce掺杂对Fe_(81)Ga_(15.5)A1_(3.5)合金微观结构和磁性能的影响

以Fe_(81)Ga_(15.5)Al_(3.5)合金为基体向其中掺杂Ce元素,研究(Fe_(81)Ga_(15.5)Al_(3.5))_(100-x)Ce_(x)(x=0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0)合金微观结构和磁性能的变化。结果显示:Fe_(81)Ga_(15.5)A1_(3.5)合金的晶粒形状为柱状晶,加入Ce元素后,晶粒形状变为树枝晶。少量Ce元素加入时,(Fe_(81)Ga_(15.5)Al_(3.5))_(100-x)Ce_(x)合金的相结构仍以A2相为主;当x>0.8%时,合金的相结构由A2相和CeCa_(2)相组成。Ce元素的加入可以改变合金[100]晶向的取向性;合金的晶格常数随着Ce含量的增加而逐渐减小。在扫描电镜下,可以观察到Fe_(81)Ga_(15.5)Al_(3.5)合金基体内有深色的点状析出物呈无序分布,随着Ce元素加入,有白色析出物分布在基体内和晶界处。EDS成分分析表明,Ce元素难溶于基体相内,Ce元素会以CaCe_(2)相的形式存在晶界处,对(Fe_(81)Ga_(15.5)Al_(3.5))_(100-x)Ce_(x)金的磁致伸缩性能产生影响。在x=0.2%时,合金平行磁致伸缩系数(λ//)达到182×10^(-6),相比Fe_(81)Ga_(15.5)Al_(3.5)合金有小幅提升。并且作为软磁材料,该成分的合金兼备高饱和磁化强度(Ms)和低矫顽力(Hc)的特性,适合实际生产应用。

Ce^(3+)⁃Cr^(3+)共掺杂Ba_(3)Sc_(4)O_(9)荧光材料的发光性能

红光‐近红外光谱技术在医疗领域具有广泛的应用。但对于当下采用蓝光LED激发荧光材料实现红光‐近红外光谱输出的器件结构而言,则普遍存在蓝光过剩的问题。本文提出了通过构筑Ce^(3+)→Cr^(3+)能量传递从而实现抑制器件蓝光输出的策略。以Ba_(3)Sc_(4)O_(9)为研究对象,采用Ce^(3+)/Cr^(3+)共掺杂,研究了其发光性能。结果表明,共掺杂的Ba3Sc4O9∶Ce^(3+)/Cr^(3+)同时具备了红光和近红外光发射能力,发射主峰分别位于585 nm和835 nm;Ce^(3+)→Cr^(3+)能量传递效率达50.92%。所封装的近红外LED器件的蓝光强度下降了78%,而Cr^(3+)的发射强度增至181%。

高分子网络凝胶法制备Fe、Ce掺杂TiO_(2)粉体的组织结构和光学性能研究

采用高分子网络凝胶法制备了Fe、Ce单掺和共掺TiO_(2)粉体,采用热重(TG-DTA)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、紫外-可见光(UV-Vis)对粉体的热效应、晶体结构、吸收光谱进行了研究。结果表明:与纯TiO_(2)相比,无论单掺还是共掺,TG变化基本上是一致的,但是掺杂后明显提高了锐钛矿相向金红石相的转变温度。Fe、Ce离子的掺杂并未改变TiO_(2)的物相组成,Ce离子的掺杂会抑制锐钛矿向金红石的转变而Fe离子会促进转变进行。Fe、Ce单掺与共掺TiO_(2),形貌无明显变化,掺杂后都可以细化TiO_(2)晶粒,从而增大粉体的比表面积。共掺比单掺可见光吸收性能要好,当掺杂量为1.0%Fe-0.5%Ce时,样品光吸收带边红移最明显,达到556.8nm。

Preparation and Spectroscopic Properties of Ce-Doped High-Silica Glass

In order to develop a novel electric light source, the doped high-silica glass was studied on the preparation and spectroscopic properties. ne porous glasses were made firstly and were then immersed in the solution containing Ce ion. Thereafter, the high-silica glasses containing Ce ion were prepared by sintering the porous preform. The spectroscopic properties were studied before and after heath treatment in H-2. The experimental results indicate that the suitable temperature schedules are the most important to prepare doped high-silica glass. The study of the spectra shows that Ce ion can be reduced to low valence state when it is heat-treated in H-2. It can be used to adjust the UV cut-off wavelength of high-silica glass by changing the valence state of Ce ion.

CRYSTAL GROWTH AND MAGNETO OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF Ce^(3 +) DOPED IRONG ARNET

Thispaperisconcerned withthe preparation ofcerium doped yttrium iron garnet which areknown to be an oxide withlarge magneto opticaleffect. Usingtheimproved flux method wesuccessfully grew the bulksinglecrystalsofiron garnet doped by Ce 3 + ions with maximum substitution upto0 349. Here weinvestigatedthedifferentcomposition ofsolution for maxi mum Ce3 + substitution. Thespectra ofthe Faraday rotation andtheoptical absorption were measured inthenearinfrared region fordifferentCe3 + ionsdopediron garnets. The Cesub stitution prominentlyenhancesthe Faradayeffect,andthe Yb and Euionssubstitutefor Yinthe dodecahedralsitesof YIGcanincreasetheconcentration of Ce3 + ions, depresstheforma tion of nonmagnetic Ce4 + ionsbythechargecompensation.