Breakthroughs in cell fate conversion have made it possible to generate large quantities of patient-specific cells for regenerative medicine. Due to multiple advantages of peripheral blood cells over fibroblasts from ...Breakthroughs in cell fate conversion have made it possible to generate large quantities of patient-specific cells for regenerative medicine. Due to multiple advantages of peripheral blood cells over fibroblasts from skin biopsy, the use of blood mononuclear cells （MNCs） instead of skin fibroblasts will expedite reprogramming research and broaden the application of reprogramming technology. This review discusses current progress and challenges of generating induced pluripotent stem cells （iPSCs） from peripheral blood MNCs and of in vitro and in vivo conversion of blood cells into cells of therapeutic value, such as mesenchymal stem cells, neural cells and hepatocytes. An optimized design of lentiviral vectors is necessary to achieve high reprogramming efficiency of peripheral blood cells. More recently, non-integrating vectors such as Sendai virus and episomal vectors have been successfully employed in generating integration-free iPSCs and somatic stem cells.展开更多
Pluripotency-associated factors and their rivals, lineage specifiers, have long been consid- ered the determining factors for the identity of pluripotent and differentiated cells, respectively. Therefore, factors that...Pluripotency-associated factors and their rivals, lineage specifiers, have long been consid- ered the determining factors for the identity of pluripotent and differentiated cells, respectively. Therefore, factors that are employed for cellular reprogramming in order to induce pluripotency have been identified mainly from embryonic stem cell （ESC）-enriched and pluripotency-associated factors. Recently, lineage specifiers have been identified to play important roles in orchestrating the process of restoring pluripotency. In this review, we summarize the latest discoveries regarding cell fate conversion using pluripotency-associated factors and lineage specifiers. We highlight the value of the ＂seesaw＂ model in defining cellular identity, opening up a novel scenario to consider pluri- potency and lineage specification.展开更多
基金supported by the Grants for Research and School Partnerships (GRASP) Award from the Loma Linda University and U.S.Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity (USAMRAA) Concept Award(Grant No.W81XWH-11-1-0607)
文摘Breakthroughs in cell fate conversion have made it possible to generate large quantities of patient-specific cells for regenerative medicine. Due to multiple advantages of peripheral blood cells over fibroblasts from skin biopsy, the use of blood mononuclear cells （MNCs） instead of skin fibroblasts will expedite reprogramming research and broaden the application of reprogramming technology. This review discusses current progress and challenges of generating induced pluripotent stem cells （iPSCs） from peripheral blood MNCs and of in vitro and in vivo conversion of blood cells into cells of therapeutic value, such as mesenchymal stem cells, neural cells and hepatocytes. An optimized design of lentiviral vectors is necessary to achieve high reprogramming efficiency of peripheral blood cells. More recently, non-integrating vectors such as Sendai virus and episomal vectors have been successfully employed in generating integration-free iPSCs and somatic stem cells.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,Grant No.2012CB966401)the Key New Drug Creation and Manufacturing Program(Grant No.2011ZX09102-010-03)+1 种基金the National Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2013ZX10001003)the Ministry of Science and Technology(Grant No.2011DFA30730 and 2013DFG30680)and 111 Project
文摘Pluripotency-associated factors and their rivals, lineage specifiers, have long been consid- ered the determining factors for the identity of pluripotent and differentiated cells, respectively. Therefore, factors that are employed for cellular reprogramming in order to induce pluripotency have been identified mainly from embryonic stem cell （ESC）-enriched and pluripotency-associated factors. Recently, lineage specifiers have been identified to play important roles in orchestrating the process of restoring pluripotency. In this review, we summarize the latest discoveries regarding cell fate conversion using pluripotency-associated factors and lineage specifiers. We highlight the value of the ＂seesaw＂ model in defining cellular identity, opening up a novel scenario to consider pluri- potency and lineage specification.
