Influence of the Asian-Pacific Oscillation on Spring Precipitation over Central Eastern China

The linkage between the Asian-Pacific oscillation （APO） and the precipitation over central eastern China in spring is preliminarily addressed by use of the observed data. Results show that they correlate very well, with the positive （negative） phase of APO tending to increase （decrease） the precipitation over central eastern China. Such a relationship can be explained by the atmospheric circulation changes over Asia and the North Pacific in association with the anomalous APO. A positive phase of APO, characterized by a positive anomaly over Asia and a negative anomaly over the North Pacific in the upper-tropospheric temperature, corresponds to decreased low-level geopotential height （H） and increased high-level H over Asia, and these effects are concurrent with increased low-level H and decreased high-level H over the North Pacific. Meanwhile, an anticyclonic circulation anomaly in the upper troposphere and a cyclonic circulation anomaly in the lower troposphere are introduced in East Asia, and the low-level southerly wind is strengthened over central eastern China. These changes provide advantageous conditions for enhanced precipitation over central eastern China. The situation is reversed in the negative phase of APO, leading to reduced precipitation in this region.

The Yanshanian Orogeny and Two Kinds of Yanshanides in Eastern-Central China

The Tan-Lu Fault was once a transform fault in the Paleotethys, west of which was the Qinling-Dabie Ocean separating the Yangtze Craton from the North China Craton, and east of which was the Su-Lu Ocean separating the Su-Wan Block from the Jiao-Liao Craton. The Qinling-Dabie Ocean closed in the Indosinian orogeny, which created the China-Southeast Asia Subcontinent, with the Tan-Lu Fault becoming a marginal shear zone along the newly-formed amalgamated subcontinent. The Su-Lu Ocean subducted partly in the Indosinian.orogeny, but not closed. In the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous, the Su-Wan Block drifted northwards with subduction of the Su-Lu Ocean and moved westwards to converge the subcontinent by sinistral sheafing of the ENE-striking fractures. The Su-Lu Ocean finally closed and the Su-Wan Block collided with the Jiao-Liao Craton in the Early Cretaceous, which constituted a part of the magnificent interplate Yanshanides. The interplate orogeny rejuvenated the fossil sutures and deep fractures, as well as the Indosinian orogen, and the intraplate （intracontinental） Yanshanian orogeny occurred in the subcontinent. The East Asia Yanshanides, consisting of the interplate orogens in the outer side and the intraplate orogens in the inner side, collapsed quickly in the latest Early Cretaceous and Late Cretaceous. The eastern China area entered a tensile period from the Eogene, and the tectonic differentiation between the central and eastern China areas since the Jurassic was further strengthened.

Petrology of the Non-mafic UHP Metamorphic Rocks from a Drillhole in the Southern Sulu Orogenic Belt,Eastern-Central China

The Drillhole ZK703 with a depth of 558 m is located in the Donghai area of the southern Sulu ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic belt, eastern China, and penetrates typical UHP eclogites and various non-mafic rocks, including peridotite, gneiss, schist and quartzite. Their protoliths include ultramafic, mafic, intermediate, intermediate-acidic, acidic igneous rocks and sediments. These rocks are intimately interlayered, which are meters to millimeters thick with sharp and nontectonic contacts, suggesting in-situ metamorphism under UHP eclogite facies conditions. The following petrologic features indicate that the non-mafic rocks have experienced early-stage UHP metamorphism together with the eclogites: (1) phengite relics in gneisses and schists contain a high content of Si, up to 3.52 p.f.u. (per formula unit), while amphibolite-facies phengites have considerably low Si content (<3.26 p.f.u.); (2) jadeite relics are found in quartzite and jadeitite; (3) various types of symplectitic coronas and pseud

Central and Eastern European NGO Delegation Visits China

正At the invitation of CAFIU, a 15-member delegation composed of representatives from Civil Association "Polish House", "Amicus Europe" (Friends of Europe) Foundation of Poland, "World Bridge" Foundation of Hungary,

A Comparison about Metamorphism among the Oldest-Rock Units from Orogenic Belts of Dabie,Eastern Qinling and Eastern Kunlun of Central Mountain Ranges,China

The Dabie orogen, Eastern Qinling orogen and Eastern Kunlun orogen are the major components of the Central Mountain Ranges of China and each has distinctively metamorphic processes in their oldest rock units. The Dabie orogen oldest rock units had experienced an intermediate-higher pressure, upper amphibolite to lower granulite facies metamorphism in the Indosinian intracontinental subduction collision event. The clockwise pt path, synchronous attainment of t max and p max and a segment of high slope retrograde path suggest a tectono driven rapid exhumation of the oldest rock units to upper middle crustal level following the end of the subduction collision process. The oldest rock units, also called Qinling Group, of Eastern Qinling Mountains suffered intensively collisional metamorphism at an immature plate tectonic framework during Jinningian movement about 1 000 Ma ago. The clockwise pt path with reach of t max following several hundreds of MPa decreasing from p max suggests that the denudation of the deeply burial rock units was due essentially to isostatic relaxation. During the Caledonian stage, the highly metamorphosed oldest rock units suffered from a high t thermal event in arc environment and superimposed by contact metamorphism. After thermal peaks, the rock units were exhumed in a short distance and cooled down isobarically. No regional metamorphism higher than upper greenschist facies condition since 300 Ma has been traced within exposed rocks in the eastern portion of Northern Qinling orogen. The oldest rock units in the Eastern Kunlun orogen were metamorphosed to upper amphibolite facies to lower granulite facies rocks early or during the Luliang movement (some 1 800 Ma ago). The high grade metamorphic rock units had a long resident time at the deep crustal level, and were exhumed to middle upper crustal level during the Caledonian to Hercynian tectonometamorphic events. Shallow erosion of the orogenic belt led to good preservation of the low pressure metamorphic belt.

Eurasia Continental Bridge——An Important Link of the Coordinated Development between China's Eastern,Central and Western Regions

The new Eurasia Continental Bridgeruns from East China to Central andWest China, crossing 11 provincesand regions, namely Jiangsu, Shandong,Hubei, Anhui, Shaanxi, Gansu, Shanxi,Sichuan, Qinghai, Xinjiang and Ningxia.The total area is 3.6 million sq km and thepopulation is about 300 million, accountingfor a third and a quarter of the whole countryrespectively. The area is very rich in naturalresources, so it is called an "Economic goldbelt" and "Gold corridor". Aerial remote-control survey indicates that along thecontinental bridge from Lianyungang to theAla Mountains within China’s boundary,

THE TIMING OF SOUTH-ASIAN HIGH ESTABLISHMENT AND ITS RELATION TO TROPICAL ASIAN SUMMER MONSOON AND PRECIPITATION OVER EAST-CENTRAL CHINA IN SUMMER

The timing of the South Asian High(SAH) establishment over the Indochina Peninsula(IP) from April to May and its relations to the setup of the subsequent tropical Asian summer monsoon and precipitation over eastern-central China in summer are investigated by using NCEP/NCAR daily reanalysis data,outgoing longwave radiation(OLR)data and the daily precipitation data from 753 weather stations in China.It is found that the transitions of the zonal wind vertical shear and convection establishment over tropical Asia are earlier(later) in the years of early(late) establishment of SAH.In the lower troposphere,anti-cyclonic(cyclonic) anomaly circulation dominates the equatorial Indian Ocean.Correspondingly,the tropical Asian summer monsoon establishes earlier(later).Furthermore,the atmospheric circulation and the water vapor transport in the years of advanced SAH establishment are significantly different from the delayed years in Asia in summer.Out-of-phase distribution of precipitation in eastern-central China will appear with a weak(strong) SAH and western Pacific subtropical high,strong(weak) ascending motion in the area south of Yangtze River but weak(strong) ascending motion in the area north of it,and cyclonic(anti-cyclonic) water vapor flux anomaly circulation from the eastern-central China to western Pacific.Accordingly,the timing of the SAH establishment at the upper levels of IP is indicative of the subsequent onset of the tropical Asian summer monsoon and the flood-drought pattern over eastern-central China in summer.

我国南方西南和中东部区域两次持续性低温雨雪过程与关键环流系统的关系研究

利用NCEP再分析资料和国家气象信息中心提供的753站逐日气温和降水资料,对比分析了我国南方西南和中东部区域两次持续10 d以上的低温雨雪过程,结果表明:(1)两次过程中欧亚大陆中高纬东亚大槽均加深,但环流形势有差异。西南过程呈现"北高南低"形势,关键脊区在贝加尔湖,而中东部区域过程"北高南低"和"西高东低"形势共存,关键脊区从乌拉尔山延伸至贝加尔湖。两次过程异常的环流与北大西洋向东传播的波列有关。(2)西南过程关键脊区提前过程3 d发展并东移至贝加尔湖,形成稳定形势;而中东部区域过程关键脊区提前过程一周发展,在开始日达最强。两次过程均伴随蒙古高压东移南压使地面降温,500 hPa关键脊区超前蒙古高压2 d变化。西南过程降温主要受到冷平流和绝热冷却影响,而中东部区域过程主要受到冷平流的影响。(3)西南过程水汽来自孟加拉湾,只受南支槽支配。中东部区域过程水汽来自孟加拉湾、南海和西太平洋,由南支槽和西太平副热带高压的共同影响。两次过程水汽正收支主要来自南边界。

小国视角下立陶宛对台政策的转变:原因、途径与影响

近年来,部分中东欧国家对华立场出现倒退,尤其是对台政策发生了转变。立陶宛作为这些国家的典型代表,不仅利用国际舆论诋毁中国,更企图在台湾问题上破坏中国主权,支持台湾当局争取所谓“国际空间”。立陶宛政府一方面以贸易为手段,以攫取经济利益为主要目的,不断加深与台湾当局的实质关系,另一方面,为了提升自身在欧盟内的话语权,博取美国的关注和支持,对中国实施冲突性行为。立陶宛的上述表现与其小国属性有关。鉴于部分中东欧国家与立陶宛具有一定相似性,其对台政策的变化不但会破坏中欧关系发展,还有可能造成负面的“示范效应”,因此必须给予足够的重视和防范。

中欧班列市场化经营机制与中国-中东欧国家贸易发展研究

中欧班列作为共建“一带一路”的拳头产品,促进了中国-中东欧国家的经贸发展。遵循市场规律是高质量共建“一带一路”的重要原则,也是中欧班列进一步推动中国-中东欧贸易合作的必然趋势。运用产业组织理论,按企业行为-市场绩效-市场结构双向决定的思路,梳理了途径中东欧或目的地为中东欧的中欧班列发展现状,发现市场化经营机制激发了中欧班列建设的内在动力,并进一步促进了中国-中东欧国家的贸易发展。中欧班列市场机制建设将助推更多中国企业实施“走出去战略”,促进中国-中东欧国家信息、数字经济和绿色能源等产业进一步加强合作,同时还能有效促进中欧班列运行相关服务业如扩大跨境资金清结算业务。与此同时,这些成果将进一步深化中欧班列市场机制。

中国在中东欧国家投资的风险及防范对策研究

中国与中东欧国家建立了跨区域合作机制。中国在中东欧国家的投资面临政治风险、社会风险和法律风险。政治风险包括中东欧国家的政府稳定性风险、外交风险和战争风险。社会风险包括中东欧国家对华负面舆论的风险、暴力性群体事件的风险和劳工风险。法律风险包括中东欧国家接受欧盟法律制约的风险、严格执行合同的风险和严格执行环保法的风险。我们需要加强风险防范。我国要建立境外投资和境外经贸合作园区的风险防范的工作体系;要针对政治风险、社会风险和法律风险分别采取不同的防范措施。

Historical experience in the elimination of visceral leishmaniasis in the plain region of Eastern and Central China

Visceral leishmaniasis(VL)(kala-azar)was most seriously prevalent in the plain regions of eight provinces/municipalities in the eastern and central parts of China.In the early 1950s,the number of counties/cities endemic for VL and the number of cases in the plain regions accounted for 60%and 80%,respectively,of the total numbers in the entire country.By implementing comprehensive control measures,including treatment of patients for eliminating the source of infection and spraying insecticide in endemic villages to kill sandflies,VL transmission has been brought under control in this region by the early 1960s,and no new infected cases have been found since 1983,achieving the goal of eliminating VL.

中国-中东欧国家合作机制2012—2022年区域国别研究回顾与建议

中国-中东欧国家合作机制自2012年建立以来,至2022年已走过10年的发展历程。本文旨在回顾和分析这一时期中国学者围绕中东欧国家所进行的研究,以期为未来的研究提供参考和借鉴。本文采用文献综述法,系统梳理了2012—2022年我国中东欧研究机构与学者、研究成果的产出及学科分布特征等情况。研究发现,中东欧国别与区域研究在数量和质量上均有显著提升,但仍存在一些问题,如通晓该地区的专门人才缺乏,研究方法单一,学科交叉不足等。本研究为中国-中东欧合作提供战略层面的参考,也为中东欧国别区域视域下的学术发展提供参考。

发现“东西中国”:市场化与当代乡村变迁

改革开放以来出现的全国统一的劳动力市场、全国性的农产品市场和全国性的婚姻“市场”,让乡村走向了自由开放。市场化改变社会连接方式,打破乡村的地方性,让乡村中的人财物变成了自由流动的要素,市场区位决定了乡村人财物流动的方向。在三大市场的共同作用下,农村人财物总体呈现东进西出的特点,乡村秩序和乡村发展因而出现了显著的东中西地区差异。东部与中西部地区农村不仅在城乡关系、村庄形态等方面存在不同,而且还存在发展路径上的差异。“东西中国”是从农民与市场的关系的角度,呈现出改革开放后乡村变迁逻辑和分布形态。下一步,在定位乡村发展、实施乡村振兴、选择基层治理手段和推动重大涉农政策改革的过程中,要立足于“东西中国”这个现实前提。

华北中东部高温地热能成因机制

中国已发现的150℃以上的高温地热资源及其成因机制研究集中分布在地中海-喜马拉雅地热带的西藏南部和云南、四川西部,环太平洋地热带的中国台湾省。近年来,华北中东部高温地热资源探测取得突破:2019年在河北省马头营3965 m深钻获了151℃的高温花岗岩干热岩体,2020年在山西省天镇县1586 m深钻获167℃的高温片麻岩裂隙热储地热流体,2023年在山东省东营市桩西地区4283 m深钻获167.5℃的高温碳酸盐岩岩溶热储;因此,亟需对华北中东部高温地热资源成因机制进行系统研究。本文以上述高温地热田为例,分析华北克拉通破坏、壳幔热物质上涌对地壳浅部高温热异常作用的动力学过程,结合地球物理、地球化学和钻探成果,阐明深部地球动力地质作用对地球浅部高温地温场的塑造和高温热异常制约机制,揭示深部高温热源机制及其上涌通道,形成深部高温热源及其上涌通道和热能聚集构造部位识别技术;阐释典型地段高温地热资源成因机制及其对华北中东部高温地热探测的示范意义。(1)在印欧板块碰撞的远场效应和西太平洋板块俯冲回撤作用下,华北克拉通破坏造成岩石圈减薄、软流圈上涌和热侵蚀、伸展断陷盆地及深大走滑断裂发育等深部地球动力作用,是幔源热物质上涌至地壳浅部的主要驱动力。(2)高导低速体、地球化学证据和高温地热资源分布形成了良好的对应关系,认为幔源热物质向上侵入引起了浅层热异常,为高温地热形成提供了稳定热源;岩石圈构造薄弱带如板块边缘带和切入岩石圈的深大走滑断裂构成了幔源热物质向上侵入的主要通道。(3)凹凸相间的构造格局和地下水流场主导了地壳浅部的热量分布,在浅部岩石热导率差异驱动形成的“热折射”效应下,热流由凹陷区向凸起区聚集,形成古潜山高温热异常。

风险偏好、资产专用性与中东欧小国对华政策选择——以立陶宛、塞尔维亚、匈牙利为例

国际关系史上,小国一般会选择追随某一强国或加入某一阵营,但在百年变局及大国关系深刻调整的今天,中东欧小国无法简单地在中美之间选边站,而是基于风险偏好和大国的资产专用性调整外交政策。当小国属于风险寻求且大国的资产专用性较弱时会选择制衡;当小国属于风险回避且大国的资产专用性较强时会选择追随;当小国属于风险寻求且大国的资产专用性较强时会选择对冲。本文以立陶宛、塞尔维亚、匈牙利三个中东欧国家对华政策的调整为案例进行检验,验证了研究假设。

中国大陆中东部地区基于背景噪声的瑞利波层析成像

本研究使用了中国大陆中东部地区494个分布基本均匀的宽频带地震台站和7个中国大陆周边地区IRIS台站资料,反演得到了中东部地区高分辨率的瑞利面波层析成像结果.本文使用这些台站记录到的从2009年1月到2010年9月的垂直分量连续波形数据,首先通过对台站对间进行波形互相关和叠加运算,计算得到各台站对间的经验格林函数.然后用时频分析法提取了约125000条台站对间的频散曲线,并剔除了经验格林函数信噪比小于10的频散曲线.最后反演得到了研究区周期8～40s、分辨率达0.5°的瑞利波群速度分布图像.不同周期的速度分布图像显示,研究区瑞利波群速度分布与地质构造特征具有较好的相关性.8～20s的瑞利波群速度在研究区内主要盆地表现为低速分布,而在造山带呈现高速分布;25～40s的瑞利波群速度图中,存在一条北北东—南南西向的分界线,该分界线与中国大陆东部的地壳厚度突变带基本吻合.25s以下周期,华北平原的显著低速区形态与该地区早第三纪以来的断块分布构造一致.揭示了盆地下方介质结构强烈的非均匀性,也与较厚的沉积层分布有关.低速的四川盆地中部,显示出显著的高速特征,揭示了四川盆地下方基底的上隆特征;20s以下周期的群速度图像中,鄂尔多斯盆地西北部速度低于东南部,揭示出其地壳中上部介质结构的横向不均匀性.

中国大陆中东部早白垩世伸展穹隆构造与多金属成矿

中国中东部晚中生代伸展构造十分显著,表现为大量发育伸展成因的穹隆构造和地堑-半地堑盆地。对这些伸展穹隆系统的分析、归纳和总结,将中国中东部早白垩世伸展构造发育区划分为:华北西部带、华北东部带、华北南缘及秦岭-大别带和华南内陆带。区域上,这些伸展构造均具有NW-SE的伸展方向,与蒙古及俄罗斯泛贝加尔-鄂霍茨克带一同构成了全球最大的大陆岩石圈伸展地区。这些伸展构造使中下地壳的结构发生了强烈的改造,并使一些中深变质岩出露到地表。在华北地区,这期伸展构造具有对称性的特点,即华北西部带向NW拆离,相关的岩石变形大体上具有上部向SE的运动学特征;而华北东部带向SE拆离,伸展穹隆主体具有上部向NW的运动学特征。同位素年代学研究揭示伸展穹隆形成的峰期时间十分相近:集中在130~120 Ma之间。高大地热流值背景所代表的岩石圈伸展环境,与地球化学研究结果所揭示的大规模壳-幔作用具有非常好的耦合性,并诱发了我国中东部晚中生代岩浆-热液活动及其相关大规模的成矿作用。中东部的成矿带与同时代的伸展构造具有很好的吻合性。