Prevention of central venous catheter-related infection in ICU with cluster nursing intervention: a meta-analysis

Objective:To systematically evaluate the clinical effects of cluster nursing intervention in preventing central venous catheter-related infection in intensive care unit.Methods:A randomized controlled study was searched from China National Knowledge Internet(CNKI),Wanfang,Chinese Scientific Journals Database(VIP),Chinese Biomedical Literature Service System(SinoMed),PubMed,Embase and Cochrane library databases from the establishment to May 1,2020.Two reviewers independently evaluated and cross checked the quality of the study.Revman 5.3 was used to conduct the meta-analysis.Results:A total of 21 randomized controlled trials with 6,030 patients were included.Meta-analysis showed that the incidence of central venous catheter-related infection(relative risk(RR)=0.29,95%confidence interval(CI)[0.23,0.37]),the incidence of catheter plugging(RR=0.25,95%CI[0.16,0.39])and catheter prolapse(RR=0.18,95%CI[0.11,0.29])were significantly different between the two groups.Conclusion:Cluster nursing intervention could prevent central venous catheter-related infection in intensive care unit.

Clinical analysis of central venous catheter-related infections in patients in the emergency ICU

BACKGROUND:Catheter-related infection(CRI)of the central vein is a common cause of nosocomial infection.This study was undertaken to investigate the pathogen culturing and risk factors of CRI in emergency intensive care unit(EICU)in order to provide the beneficial reference.METHODS:From January 2008 to December 2010,a total of 1 363 patients were subjected to catheterization.In these patients,the peak CRI rate of the patients was determined by bacterial cultivation and blood bacterial cultivation.RESULTS:CRI happened in 147 of the 1 363 patients using the central venous catheter.The peak rate of CRI was 10.79%,with an incidence of 3.05 episodes per 1 000 catheter days.Of the147 patients,46.94%had gram-negative bacilli,40.14%had gram-positive cocci,and 12.92%had fungi.Unconditional logistic regression analysis suggests that multiple catheterization,femoral vein catheterization,the application of multicavity catheter,and the duration of catheterization were the independent risk factors for CRI.CONCLUSION:The risk factors for catheter-related infections should be controlled to prevent the occurrence of nosocomial infection.

Study on the Risk Factors of Central Venous-Related Bloodstream Infection in Outpatients

Objective:To analyze the risk factors of catheter-related bloodstream infection in outpatients and propose feasible prevention and control measures.Methods:The medical records of outpatients with peripherally inserted central catheter(PICC)from January 2020 to December 2021 were selected for retrospective analysis,and the factors that may be related to the occurrence of catheter-related bloodstream infection were analyzed by logistic multivariate analysis.Results:The incidence rate of catheter-related bloodstream infection among the enrolled patients was 4.78%.It was found that age,duration of catheterization,catheter site,number of punctures,and diabetes were all risk factors for catheter-associated bloodstream infection,and the differences were statistically significant.Conclusion:Age,duration of catheterization,catheterization site,and diabetes are all risk factors for catheter-related bloodstream infection,and medical personnel should fully understand and learn more about these risk factors and actively develop countermeasures to reduce the risk of catheter-related bloodstream infection.

Analysis of the relationship between deep venous catheter-related infection and post-operative complications in patients receiving minimally invasive esophagectomy

Objective The aim of the study was to evaluate catheter-related infection rate(CRIR)for patients receiving minimally invasive esophagectomy(MIE),to identify the optimal catheterization approach and relationship between CRIR and post-operative complications.Methods In total,168 patients with esophageal carcinoma and undergoing MIE combined with preoperative deep venous catheterization(DVC)were analyzed in our institution(Qingdao Municipal Hospital,China),from 2014 to 2018.After completing DVC,catheter-tips together with intraductal venous blood samples were sent to the microbiology lab for bacterial strain culture.CRIR was statistically evaluated for the following clinical variables:gender,age,smoking status,drinking status,past history,tumor location,histologic grade,pathological T,N,and M category,anastomotic location,anastomotic leakage,anastomotic stricture,chylothorax,pneumonia,recurrent laryngeal nerve(RLN)injury,reflux esophagitis,catheterization site,and catheter-locking days.Results Among the 144 patients recruited in our study,105 catheters were inserted into the jugular vein and 39 catheters into the subclavian vein.The median age of these patients was 63 years(range:42–79 years),and the median catheter-locking period was seven days(range:4–21 days).Four catheters were identified with three types of strain colonizations,including Staphylococcus epidermidis,Staphylococcus aureus and Blastomyces albicans.Statistical data showed that patients diagnosed with catheter-related infection were likely to incur anastomotic leakage(66.67%,P<0.001)and pneumonia(27.27%,P<0.001);features such as tumors located in the upper esophagus(13.6%,P=0.003),and over seven catheterlocking days(10.00%,P<0.001)were attributed to a high CRIR.Conclusion Although both jugular and subclavian veins can be catheterized for patients with MIE,DVC is associated with more than seven catheter-locking days and upper esophagectomy,due to high CRIR.Furthermore,catheter-related infection is related to anastomotic leakage and pneumonia.

Study progress on relevant infection in central venous catheter led by parenteral nutrition of patients with tumor

With the wide application of parental nutrition(PN) and central venous catheter(CVC) to tumor patients, the relative infection led by CVC has become a common and troublesome hospital infection in clinics. During infusion, PN fluid forms a high-sugar and high-fat micro-environment around CVC, facilitating the adhesion, growth, and diffusion of pathogenic bacteria. This condition forms a bacterial biofilm(BF) consisting of one or several kinds of pathogenic bacteria. Upon formation of the film, pathogens in the BF can resist anti-bacterial drugs and immune cells, causing repeated infections of bacteria or fungi and endangering the lives of patients. In this paper, we summarize the applications of PN, characteristics of CVC infection in tumor patients, mixed BF, and related research methods to provide reference for studies of mixed BF infection of CVC.

Emphysematous thrombophlebitis caused by a misplaced central venous catheter: A case report

BACKGROUND Central venous catheters(CVCs)often cause life-threatening complications,especially CVC-related bloodstream infection(CVC-BSI)and catheter-related thrombosis(CRT).Here,we report an unusual case of misplaced CVC-induced emphysematous thrombophlebitis,a rare but potentially lethal form of CRT and CVC-BSI characterized by both thrombosis and gas formation.CASE SUMMARY A 48-year-old male presented to the emergency room of a local hospital with sudden-onset headache and coma for 4 h.Computed tomography(CT)revealed right basal ganglia hemorrhage,so emergency decompressive craniotomy was performed and a CVC was inserted through the right subclavian vein for fluid resuscitation during anesthesia.Two days later,the patient was transferred to the intensive care unit of our hospital for further critical care.On day 9 after CVC insertion,the patient suddenly developed fever and hypotension.Point-of-care ultrasound(POCUS)demonstrated thrombosis and dilatation of the right internal jugular vein(IJV)filled with thrombosis.Ultrasonography also revealed that the CVC tip had been misplaced into the IJV and was surrounded by gas bubbles,which manifested as hyperechoic lines with dirty shadowing and comet-tail artifacts.Further CT scan confirmed air bubbles surrounding the CVC in the right neck.The final diagnosis was septic emphysematous thrombophlebitis induced by a misplaced CVC and ensuing septic shock.The responsible CVC was removed immediately.The patient received fluid resuscitation,intravenous noradrenaline,and a 10-d ultra-broad spectrum antibiotic treatment to combat septic shock.Both CVC and peripheral venous blood cultures yielded methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus cohnii.The patient was gradually weaned off vasopressors and the symptoms of redness and swelling in the right neck subsided within 7 d.CONCLUSION Emphysematous thrombophlebitis is a fulminant and life-threatening CVC-BSI associated with thrombosis and gas formation in the vein.A misplaced CVC may facilitate the development of emphysematous thrombophlebitis.POCUS can easily identify the artifacts produced by gas and thrombosis,facilitating rapid diagnosis at the bedside.

Central line-associated bloodstream infection among children with biliary atresia listed for liver transplantation

BACKGROUND Pre-transplant nutrition is a key driver of outcomes following liver transplantation in children.Patients with biliary atresia(BA) may have difficulty achieving satisfactory weight gain with enteral nutrition alone,and parenteral nutrition(PN) may be indicated.While PN has been shown to improve anthropometric parameters of children with BA listed for liver transplantation,less is known about the risks,particularly infectious,associated with this therapy among this specific group of patients.AIM To describe the incidence,microbiology,and risk factors of central line-associated bloodstream infection(CLABSI) among children with BA listed for liver transplantation.METHODS Retrospective review of children aged ≤ 2-years of age with BA who were listed for primary liver transplantation at Texas Children's Hospital from 2008 through2015(n = 96).Patients with a central line for administration of PN(n = 63) were identified and details of each CLABSI event were abstracted.We compared the group of patients who experienced CLABSI to the group who did not,to determine whether demographic,clinical,or laboratory factors correlated with development of CLABSI.RESULTS Nineteen of 63 patients(30%,95%CI:19,43) experienced 29 episodes of CLABSI during 4800 line days(6.04 CLABSI per 1000 line days).CLABSI was predominantly associated with Gram-negative organisms(14/29 episodes,48%)including Klebsiella spp.,Enterobacter spp.,and Escherichia coli.The sole polymicrobial infection grew Enterobacter cloacae and Klebsiella pneumoniae.Grampositive organisms(all Staphylococcus spp.) and fungus(all Candida spp.)comprised 9/29(31%) and 6/29(21%) episodes,respectively.No demographic,clinical,or laboratory factors were significantly associated with an increased risk for the first CLABSI event in Cox proportional hazards regression analysis CONCLUSION There is substantial risk for CLABSI among children with BA listed for liver transplantation.No clinical,demographic,or laboratory factor we tested emerged as an independent predictor of CLABSI.While our data did not show an impact of CLABSI on the short-term clinical outcome,it would seem prudent to implement CLABSI reduction strategies in this population to the extent that each CLABSI event represents potentially preventable hospitalization,unnecessary healthcare dollar expenditures,and may exact an opportunity cost,in terms of missed allograft offers.

Central Line Associated Bloodstream Infection in Adult Intensive Care Unit Population—Changes in Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Prevention, and Addition of New Technologies

Background: Intensive care units (ICUs) have an increased risk of Central line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) due to the prevalence of invasive procedures, devices, immunosuppression, comorbidity, frailty, and elderly patients. We have seen a successful reduction in Central line associated bloodstream infection related the past decade. In spite of this, Intensive care unit-Catheter related bloodstream infections remain high. The emergence of new pathogens further complicates treatment and threatens patient outcomes in this context. In addition, the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic served as a reminder that an emerging pathogen poses a challenge for adjusting prevention measures regarding both the risk of exposure to caregivers and maintaining a high level of care. ICU nurses play an important role in the prevention and management of CLABSI as they are involved in basic hygienic care, quality improvement initiatives, microbiological sampling, and aspects of antimicrobial stewardship. Microbiological techniques that are more sensitive and our increased knowledge of the interactions between critically ill patients and their microbiota are forcing us to rethink how we define CLABSIs and how we can diagnose, treat, and prevent them in the ICU. The objective of this multidisciplinary expert review, focused on the ICU setting, is to summarize the recently observed occurrence of CLABSI in ICU, to consider the role of modern microbiological techniques in their diagnosis, to examine clinical and epidemiological definitions, and to redefine several controversial preventive measures including antimicrobial-impregnated catheters, chlorhexidine-gluconate impregnated sponge, and catheter dressings.

Five-Year Surveillance of Central Line Associated Bloodstream Infection in an Intensive Care Unit Population—A Retrospective Analysis

Background: Central venous catheters (CVCs) are essential to current intensive care unit (ICU) practices as a tool for treating critically ill patients. However, the use of CVCs is associated with substantial risk of infection. Central line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) is increasing in prevalence each year and is among the major causes of bloodstream infection in ICU patients. Therefore, investigating the epidemiology and risk factors of CLABSI in ICU patients is important. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the incidence rates, causative pathogens and risk factors of CLABSI in an ICU population. Methods: A retrospective observational study was performed in an ICU at Qilu Hospital of Shandong University in China from January 2016 to December 2020. Patients with at least one CVC were enrolled, and information relevant to CVC use was recorded. The prevalence was calculated, and related risk factors were analyzed. Results: A total of 1920 catheters were identified, 507 of which were eligible for analysis. For each of the years 2016-2020, the incidence rates of CLABSI were 1.91, 3.18, 1.69, 2.97 and 1.27 per 1000 catheter days, respectively. The yeast Candida albicans was the most prevalent pathogen (16 [(3.2%]), followed by Gram-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (11 [2.2%]) and the Gram-negative multidrug-resistant pathogen Acinetobacter baumanii. Risk factors associated with CLABSI development were age, (p = 0.05), Charlson comorbidity index > 5 (p Conclusion: Candida albicans was the most common causative microorganism, which was followed by Gram positive methicillin resistant Staphylococcus, MDR K. pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumanii.

Emergency service results of central venous catheters:Single center,1042 patients,10-year experience

BACKGROUND Central venous catheterization is currently an important procedure in critical care.Central catheterization has important advantages in many clinical situations.It can also lead to different complications such as infection,hemorrhage,and thrombosis.It is important to investigate critically ill patients undergoing catheterization.AIM To evaluate the characteristics,such as hospitalization,demographic characteristics,post-catheterization complications,and mortality relationships,of patients in whom a central venous catheter was placed in the emergency room.METHODS A total of 1042 patients over the age of 18 who presented to the emergency department between January 2005 and December 2015 were analyzed retrospectively.The patients were divided into three groups,jugular,subclavian,and femoral,according to the area where the catheter was inserted.Complications related to catheterization were determined as pneumothorax,guidewire problems,bleeding,catheter site infection,arterial intervention,and sepsis.Considering the treatment follow-up of the patients,three groups were formed as outpatient treatment,hospitalization,and death.RESULTS The mean age of the patients was 60.99±19.85 years;423(40.6%)of them were women.Hospitalization time was 11.89±16.38 d.There was a significant correlation between the inserted catheters with gender(P=0.009)and hospitalization time(P=0.040).Also,blood glucose,blood urea nitrogen,creatinine,and serum potassium values among the biochemical values of the patients who were catheterized were significant.A significant association was observed in the analysis of patients with complications that develop according to the catheter region(P=0.001)and the outcome stage(P=0.001).In receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of hospitalization time and mortality area under curve was 0.575,the 95%confidence interval was 0.496-0.653,the sensitivity was 71%,and the specificity was 89%(P=0.040).CONCLUSION Catheter location and length of stay are important risk factors for catheter-borne infections.Because the risk of infection was lower than other catheters,jugular catheters should be preferred at entry points,and preventive measures should be taken by monitoring patients closely to reduce hospitalization infections.

Investigation and Analysis of the Status Quo of Prevention and Control Practices of Catheter-Line Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI) in Guangxi, China

The prevention and control of catheter line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) have become the key content of medical care and have become the core improvement goal of nursing quality control. However, the prevention and control status of CLABSI in hospitals of different grades in Guangxi is not clear. In this study, we aim to investigate central venous catheter (CVC) placement and disinfectant use in second and third-level hospitals in Guangxi. This survey was conducted on the second and third-level hospitals in Guangxi, China from 13th April 2021 to 19th April 2021. The results show that a total of 283 questionnaires were collected, including 206 secondary hospitals and 77 tertiary hospitals. In terms of the CVC, tertiary hospitals were able to place CVC entirely under the guidance of B-ultrasound, which was 24 (31.6%) and secondary hospitals were 26 (20.6%). In secondary hospitals, Most CVC placements were performed in operating rooms 94 (74.6%) and 65 (85.5%) on the third level hospital, but 32.5% of secondary hospitals and 48.7% of tertiary hospitals were selected at the bedside of patients in general wards, and 27.8% of the second-level hospital, 43.4% of third-level hospitals was done in general ward treatment rooms, only 61.9% of secondary hospitals and 64.5% of tertiary hospitals could fully achieve the maximum sterile barrier. In terms of skin disinfectants, only 36.0% of tertiary hospitals and 16.4% of second-level CVC-operators chose > 0.5% chlorhexidine alcohol. In conclusion, the prevention and control of catheter line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) in Guangxi are not ideal. The prevention and control department should increase training, implement guidelines and standardize management to reduce the incidence of CLABSI.

肝素钠与头孢呋辛钠联合封管治疗对血液透析患者中心静脉导管感染的临床疗效及生命质量影响分析

目的分析肝素与头孢呋辛钠联合封管治疗对血液透析中心静脉导管感染患者的临床疗效及生命质量影响。方法选取2018年1月至2022年5月南昌大学第四附属医院联合鹰潭市人民医院(含门诊走透)的76例血液透析中心静脉导管感染患者作为研究对象,随机分为观察组与对照组,各38例。观察组采用肝素钠注射液联合注射用头孢呋辛钠进行封管,对照组采用肝素钠注射液联合硫酸庆大霉素注射液进行封管。比较两组临床疗效、封管治疗前后炎症因子指标、生命质量及并发症发生情况。结果观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组,但组间比较差异无统计学意义。封管治疗后,观察组白细胞介素-6、高敏C反应蛋白、肿瘤坏死因子-α水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。封管治疗后,观察组躯体健康、心理健康评分及总分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论肝素钠注射液联合注射用头孢呋辛钠联合封管治疗血液透析中心静脉导管感染疗效显著,能显著降低炎症因子水平,改善生命质量评分,降低并发症发生率,值得临床推广应用。

基于随机森林模型的抗肿瘤化疗患者经外周静脉植入中心静脉导管置管后导管相关感染及影响因素

目的 基于随机森林模型分析化学治疗患者经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(PICC)置管后导管相关感染的影响因素。方法 选取接受化学治疗并留置PICC的400例肿瘤患者,采用计算机产生随机数法将就诊患者以3∶1的比例分为训练集(300例)和测试集(100例)。根据感染发生情况将训练集患者分为无感染组和感染组,比较两组的临床资料,采用多因素logistic回归模型及随机森林的集成分类算法分析患者PICC置管后出现导管相关感染的影响因素,并对比二者的预测效能。结果 训练集300例化学治疗患者中,32例患者出现导管相关感染(10.67%),与无感染组比较,感染组患者单次置管穿刺次数更多,PICC留置时间更长,导管移动比例、合并糖尿病比例及换药频次更高,白细胞计数(WBC)水平及免疫功能更低(均P<0.05)。PICC留置时间、导管移动情况、合并糖尿病情况、换药频次、WBC及免疫功能均为患者PICC置管后导管相关感染的独立影响因素(均P<0.05)。随机森林模型显示不同影响因素的重要程度排序结果依次为:PICC留置时间、导管移动情况、合并糖尿病情况、WBC、换药频次及免疫功能。随机森林模型的集成分类算法预测化学治疗患者发生导管相关感染的受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线下面积(AUC)为0.872,与logistic回归模型(AUC=0.791)相比预测效能更优。结论 PICC留置时间、导管移动情况、合并糖尿病情况、换药频次、WBC水平及免疫功能是化学治疗患者发生导管相关感染的独立影响因素,随机森林模型的集成分类算法可用于对化学治疗患者发生导管相关感染的预测分析,其预测性能优于logistic回归模型。

院感防控处方制度对中央血管导管置管患者疾病负担的影响

目的了解院感防控处方制度对中央血管导管置管患者疾病负担的影响,优化其管理模式。方法采用整群抽样的方法,选取2022年1月1日至2023年6月30日在成都中医药大学附属第五人民医院住院的599例中央血管导管置管患者为研究对象,根据患者所在病区不同分为试验组(实施院感防控处方制度管理,n=256)与对照组(实施传统模式管理,n=343)。采用倾向评分匹配两组患者的基线资料,使用自制问卷收集两组患者人口学特征、疾病类型、急性生理与慢性健康评分Ⅱ评分、序贯器官衰竭评估评分、院内感染等;同时对两组患者的医务人员按比例抽样观察手卫生时机400次,分析医务人员手卫生执行情况。结果试验组的医疗总费用、实验室诊断费、抗菌药物费、带管时间、抗生素使用时间及院内感染发生率均低于对照组(P<0.05);对照组医务人员手卫生执行率白天高于夜晚(P<0.05),而试验组医务人员手卫生执行率白天与夜晚比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);试验组隔离医嘱10 min执行率、多耐防控集束化措施全部落实率高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组院内感染发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论院感防控处方制度实施可减少中央血管导管患者治疗成本,提高医务人员院感防控措施落实成效,减少患者院内感染的发生。

血液净化用中心静脉导管相关血流感染防控管理的最佳证据总结

目的检索、评价并汇总血液净化用中心静脉导管相关血流感染防控管理的证据,为血液透析护理提供循证依据。方法根据“6S”证据模型,系统检索数据库及网站中血液净化用中心静脉导管相关血流感染防控的临床实践指南、专家共识、系统评价、证据总结、最佳临床实践等。检索时限为建库至2023年7月25日。由两名研究人员进行文献质量评价,证据提取、分析与整合。结果共纳入16篇文献,其中指南8篇、专家共识5篇、系统评价3篇。最终形成包括危险因素、制度管理、无菌屏障、导管留置、导管评估、导管维护、冲封管7个类别共41条的最佳证据。结论医护人员在证据转化过程中应根据导管留置时间和患者个体差异应用证据,并及时更新相关证据,以降低血液净化用中心静脉导管相关血流感染发生率。

大蒜捣汁外敷联合常规治疗对血液透析导管感染的影响

目的探讨大蒜捣汁外敷联合常规抗感染治疗对血液透析患者导管感染疗效及经济效益的影响。方法选取颈内隧道式导管的血液透析患者64例,每组32例。对照组用常规抗感染治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上加以新鲜大蒜捣碎出汁后外敷于患者皮下隧道处。对比2组患者炎症状态、平均额外住院日和平均额外住院费用。结果治疗后,2组患者的IL-6、CRP、PCT、WBC水平均降低(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后观察组的平均额外住院日、平均额外住院费用均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论在血液透析患者常规治疗基础上,加以大蒜捣汁外敷皮下隧道处,可明显控制炎症因子水平,并缩短平均住院日,从而降低住院平均费用。

维持血液透析患者中心静脉导管相关血流感染影响因素及其交互作用研究

目的探索维持血液透析患者中心静脉导管相关血流感染影响因素及其交互作用。方法回顾性选取2019年9月—2022年9月贵港市平南县人民医院行维持血液透析的299例患者的临床资料,按照是否感染分感染组(25例),未感染组(274例),通过多因素Logistic回归分析中心静脉导管相关性血流感染(Catheter Related Blood Stream Infection,CRBSI)的影响因素,并进一步探讨因素间的交互作用。结果多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥60岁、置管时间≥14 d、置管位置在股静脉、白蛋白(Albumin,ALB)<30 g/L是CRBSI发生的危险因素(OR=1.369、11.339、4.847、1.273,P均<0.05)。交互作用分析中,ALB<30 g/L与置管位置在股静脉存在相乘交互作用(P<0.05),不存在相加交互作用[超额相对危险度(Relative Excess Risk of Interaction,RERI)、归因比(Attributable Proportion of,AP)的95%CI包含0,交互作用指数(Synergy Index,S)的95%CI包含1]。结论维持血液透析患者CRBSI的影响因素为患者年龄、置留部位、置留时间、ALB。ALB<30 g/L与置管位置在股静脉之间存在相乘交互作用。

郑州市某医院CVCRI病原菌的分布情况及耐药性分析

目的分析中心静脉导管相关性感染(CVCRI)的病原菌分布情况及耐药特征,为临床诊疗提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析2020年1月至2023年1月郑州人民医院收治的实行中心静脉置管术且置管时间>48 h的122例CVCRI患者病原菌的分布情况和耐药特征,采用法国生物梅里埃Vitek-2全自动分析仪进行细菌鉴定及药敏试验,依据美国临床和实验室标准协会(CLSI)2022标准判断药敏结果。结果122例CVCRI患者中共分离出病原菌140株。其中革兰阴性菌78株(55.71%)、革兰阳性菌52株(37.14%)、真菌10株(7.14%)。CVCRI病原菌检出率排名前3位的科室分别为重症医学科(50.00%)、普外科(15.71%)、肾内科(14.29%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。革兰阴性菌中,肺炎克雷伯菌对米诺环素较为敏感,耐药率为10.71%,对其余药物均显示中高度耐药;革兰阳性菌中,表皮葡萄球菌和屎肠球菌均对万古霉素、利奈唑胺和替加环素表现出100.00%的敏感度。多药耐药菌共检出53株(37.86%),以耐甲氧西林表皮葡萄球菌(MRSE)和耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯菌(CRKP)为主,其构成比分别为33.96%和22.64%。结论郑州人民医院CVCRI患者主要病原菌耐药率普遍较高,多药耐药菌以MRSE和CRKP为主,耐药问题严重,需加强用药管理。

医院预防CVC相关血流感染导管置入措施依从性影响因素

目的探讨医院医护人员预防中心静脉置管(central venous catheterization,CVC)相关性血流感染导管置入重点措施依从性影响因素。方法选取永州市第三人民医院2020年1月—2023年3月有CVC置入操作经验的30名医护人员,对所有医护人员进行基本情况调查,并使用自制医护人员预防CVC相关性血流感染导管置入重点措施依从性调查问卷评估医护人员依从性,分析影响医务人员依从性的因素。结果单因素分析显示,不同年龄、性别、职业、置管时间非医护人员依从性调查问卷评分的影响因素(P>0.05);每月CVC置管数量、CVC置管培训参与情况是医护人员依从性调查问卷评分的影响因素(P<0.05)。30例医务人员整体依从性调查问卷评分为(89.95±10.01)分,依从性优秀、良好、一般、差占比分别为76.67%、13.33%、6.67%、3.33%。多因素分析显示,每月CVC置管数量(≥5~19次、≥20次)、CVC置管培训参加情况是医护人员依从性的影响因素。结论医护人员整体依从性良好,但要重视其CVC置管培训,并注意监测CVC置管操作过程,同时要合理调配医务人员工作量,从而使医护人员依从性保持在较高水平。

风险预警分级管理在ICU中心静脉导管相关性血流感染预防中的应用

目的探讨风险预警分级管理在重症监护病房(ICU)中心静脉导管相关性血流感染(CLABSI)预防中的应用效果。方法选取2022年1月-2023年8月我院ICU行中心静脉置管治疗的患者82例为研究对象,采用抽签法分为对照组和观察组,各41例。对照组行常规管理,观察组在常规管理的基础上行风险预警分级管理。比较两组CLABSI发生率、导管留置时间、ICU住院时间及ICU护理人员感染控制能力。结果观察组CLABSI总发生率低于对照组,导管留置时间、ICU住院时间短于对照组(P<0.05);观察组管理后护理人员感染控制能力评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论风险预警分级管理在ICU中心静脉置管患者的应用可降低CLABSI发生率,缩短导管留置时间及ICU住院时间,提高护理人员感染控制能力。