Digital Public Relations in the Russian Governmental Communication： 2011-2012 Typology and General Situation

The paper deals with the development of digital public relations （PRs） in the Russian govemmental communications in the years of 2011-2012. Empirical study is based on the content-analysis of on-line public activities of Russian federal governmental bodies and regional governors in October-November, 2011. It has shown the coexistence of two basic models of governmental communication in the Russian Federation--old-fashioned bureaucratic and new interactive.

The research of Chinese Government Public Relations-- Based on the idea of the Balanced Scorecard

Through analyzing the problems of Chinese government public relations, using the idea of the Balanced Scorecard, we analyze the reasons of these problems and discuss the countermeasures from four aspects that conclude financial, internal operations, customers, learning and growth to achieve the all-round and balanced development of public relations and establish a high level of government public relations organization, regarding the overall strategic goal of government public relations that aim to strengthen the communication with various public, establish an innovative, pragmatic, honest and efficient government image in the public and the international community as the center.

Global Cyberspace Governance: State Actors and the China-US Cyber Relationship

The rising role of state actors,in particular cyber powers in cyberspace governance,has become a promine nt feature of the governance process.All countries begin to take more proactive measures,in terms of building cyber capacities,and getting more involved in global cyberspace governance.This process will be determined upon the interactions of China and the US to be framed within the laws and regulations of global cyberspace governance.

From Government to Enterprises:How Tax Sharing Interacts with Tax Rates

Tax sharing embodies central-local government fiscal relations and tax rates reflect government-market relations.Research on the interactions between tax sharing and tax rates helps uncover the effects of central-local fiscal relations on government-market relations.According to our study,China's flexible tax sharing and differential tax rates facing firms are two important typical facts;theoretical analysis discovered that effective corporate tax rates are influenced by local government preferences and tax sharing ratio;empirical analysis found that increasing CIT and VAT sharing ratios for governments at city and county levels led to the reduction of tax evasion and increase of effective tax rates.The above conclusions have revealed the unique mechanism of how government-market relations are influenced by fiscal system,explains the sources of differential tax rates facing Chinese firms,and provides reference for next-step fiscal reform.

How to avoid reputation damage in financial restatement? The role of investor relations management

In order to examine the effects of avoiding reputation damage by investor relations management under certain corporate governance structures and mechanisms, samples of 1120 listed companies are used to research the influence on financial restatements by corporate governance. Then the moderating effects of investor relations management on financial restatements are analyzed. The result is that the more dispersed the equity, the higher the probability of financial restatements will be (This includes the government-controlled companies). Also the higher the proportion of independent directors and the higher the level of investor relations management, the lower the probability of financial restatements will be. Furthermore, as a moderating variable, investor relations management can eliminate the negative effects of corporate governance, enhance the effect of independent directors and reduce the probability of financial restatement.

Prospects of the New German Government’s China Policy

In contrast to the Merkel era, the emphasis on ideological disputes and competition with China is evident in the new German government's Coalition Treaty and several of its new ministers' expressions about China. Against the background of the rising antagonism between China and the West as well as the continuous efforts of the US to urge Europe to curb China in recent years, Germany's understanding of China tends to be negative. Besides, because of the changes in Germany's political landscape and in Sino-German economic and trade relations, the new government is likely to reinforce its defense against and pressure upon China, reduce its strategic dependence on China, strengthen the coordination with its European and American allies for a collective China policy, and compete for dominance in economy and trade, science and technology, global infrastructure, and rules and standards. Sino-German relations may fluctuate, but because of the binding of the economy and trade between the two countries, internal contradictions inside the Western Bloc, and the German tradition of diplomatic pragmatism, the new government will adjust its China policy on the basis of continuation, so that the reversal of the Sino-German relations is hardly to be triggered.

An Analysis of the Great Power Strategy of India's Modi Government

Over the past two years, India's Modi government has demonstrated the following features: focusing on the goals of becoming a great power and shaping India's South Asian dominance, expanding the scope of diplomatic strategy, emphasizing the role of soft power and focusing on self-development as well as external environment. Modi's great power strategy is deeply influenced by the Indian realistic international political outlook and, to a certain extent, reflects the governing philosophy of the Bharatiya Janata Party. The great power strategy is Modi's governing foundation and governing style, embedding Modi distinctive personal style. Under the influence of the great power strategy, China and India have increased their economic cooperation scope, widening the forms of public diplomacy, with an obvious geopolitical collision; India is taking more measures to check China.

Open Government and ＂E-Government＂ in Russia

With the advent and widespread information and communication technologies, pace of human activity has accelerated markedly new industries, new management techniques. And in the world community, now prevalent idea of democracy with equal rights and freedoms for all citizens of a democratic state is a risk and a challenge to the integrity of a community. Against this background, it becomes important not only process control, but also a system of communication between society and the state. For effective interaction between society and the state, the government needs a new, streamlined platform for the provision of public services. This site was e-government. Currently, the concept of ＂open government＂ is implemented in the administration of the state in all developed countries. This paper deals with modern communication mechanism of the state and society in Russia, for example, ＂e-government＂, and the effectiveness of this mechanism in the process of changing demands of society.

Making central-local relations work: Comparing America and China environmental governance systems

The challenge of making central requirements work at local levels is a common problem for environmental governance throughout the world.Countries can learn from one another’s approaches,but must understand the local con-text in which they are set.This paper compares the features of the China and US environmental governance systems that need be understood by those working between the systems.Key features include:(1)common values which shape the environmental governance choices in both countries,but which may have different practical meanings in each country;(2)America’s common law-based environmental governance system,and China’s civil law system,which involves plan(s)as well as law;(3)America’s Federal central-local system,and China’s unitary central local system.This paper con-cludes by suggesting areas in which further comparative understanding may be of value,including:(1)better under-standing of the role of plan and law in China’s governance system;(2)comparing the American Federal-state agreement system for implementation of environmental law with the China central-local system of target responsibility agreements for plan implementation;(3)improving understanding of nongovernmental resources needed to assure compliance with environmental laws and plans;(4)identifying institutions that can coordinate central-local and cross-border environmental governance.

区域空间正义何以找寻?——基于包容性府际关系的分析视角

区域之间存在着资源配置、公共物品供给、城市权利等方面诸多的不公正问题。这些问题的形成原因是:资本-权力-价值逻辑下产生的区域发展模式单一化、区域间负和博弈、区域空间阻隔、资源剥夺以及区域价值偏离的空间正义性风险。在我国区域协同发展战略的背景下,何以化解正义性风险?找寻区域空间正义?关键在于:构建多元空间议事协调机制,推动区域内各政府主体间达成“交叠共识”;健全区域空间协同制度体系,确保空间规划和空间资源再分配政策的有效执行;构筑多元协同空间载体,促进区域空间内的利益共享。这需要塑造一个目标趋同、行动协调、利益共享的包容性府际关系。

政府扶持涉农企业数字化转型的创新效应

数字经济背景下,涉农企业数字化转型成为推动农业产业升级的关键,是涉农企业寻求产业转型和创新变革的重要突破点。对此,以2013—2022年我国A股上市公司为样本,考察数字化转型对涉农企业创新水平的影响机理。研究发现,涉农企业数字化转型对于企业创新有积极的促进作用;在涉农企业数字化转型提升创新水平中,政府补助具有正向激励作用,即政府补助在企业数字化与企业创新之间具有显著的正向调节作用;涉农企业的数字化转型对公司的专利产出有积极的促进作用;与国有涉农企业相比较,数字化转型正向作用于非国有企业创新的强度更强;与企业年龄大的涉农企业相比,数字化转型正向作用于年轻企业创新的强度更强。基于以上研究结果,提出相关政策建议。

集体产权制度改革对乡村治理效能的影响研究

构建“产权安排-治理能力-治理效果”的分析框架,基于中国乡村振兴综合调查数据,采用倾向得分匹配法探究集体产权制度改革影响乡村治理效能的作用机制与约束条件。结果表明:集体产权制度改革总体上能够显著改善乡村治理效果,其中产权安排的资源配置效应与权力配置效应发挥主导作用,即集体产权制度改革有助于提高村庄公共服务能力,并促进农民民主参与。然而,集体产权制度改革对村干部权力的约束作用并不显著,在客观上会弱化村集体的组织动员能力,一定程度上制约村庄的有效治理。此外,在集体资产较为丰富、人口规模较小且农民受教育程度较高的村庄中,集体产权制度改革的乡村治理效能更加显著。据此,在深化集体产权制度改革的同时,应注重夯实产权的集体属性,加强对小微权力的外部监督,并基于村庄类型来探索差异化的调整策略。

农民的认同单位与村庄内生性治理格局——以家、户、门、宗的划分为基础

从区域比较角度看,农民的认同单位有四个,分别是家、户、门、宗,对应着江汉平原的原子化村庄、关中平原的户族村庄、华北平原的小亲族村庄和华南地区的宗族村庄等。农民的认同单位不同,形塑着村庄社会关系:以家庭为认同单位的村庄,是一种利益性关系;以户为认同单位的村庄,是一种合作性关系;以门为认同单位的村庄,是一种竞争性关系;以宗为认同单位的村庄,是一种情感性关系。不同关系类型塑造了差异性的村庄公共秩序,有利益关系下的利益秩序、合作关系下的交换秩序、竞争关系下的规范秩序、情感关系下的道德秩序。不同公共秩序带来不同的村庄内生性治理格局,利益秩序下的村庄呈现利益化治理格局,交换秩序下的村庄呈现关系化治理格局,规范秩序下的村庄呈现规则化治理格局,道德秩序下的村庄呈现情感化治理格局。村庄内生性治理格局的不同会影响国家与社会关系实践,分别产生区隔型、博弈型、服从型和悬浮型的国家与社会关系。

International Context and China's Government-Business Relations

This paper investigates China's government-business relations in an international context. In general, it argues that since China was incorporated into the European international system in the mid-19 th century, the motive of survival and competition has gradually come to dominate the political practices of the Chinese elites, and this is especially the case since 1949 when an autonomous state was finally created. Furthermore, a particular international context often induces a corresponding state reaction. The Cold War structure and conditions of late development pressed the Chinese state to centralize its power and engage in forceful industrialization through a central planning system. This then created an extreme form of governmentbusiness relations, with overwhelming power residing with the former. Later on, after China moved closer to the United States in terms of world politics, and when the Cold War structure was replaced by a multi-polar structure characterized by American hegemony, coinciding with the rapid expansion of the world market and the change of development conditions to compressed development, the Chinese state engaged in economic liberalization and decentralization. This resulted in a substantial modification of the power balance between the state and business, and gave rise to various forms of government-business relations.

Intergovernmental Vertical Fiscal Relations Reform and Grassroots-Level Government’s Finance Guarantee:Based on Quasi-Natural Experimental Analysis

Grassroots-level government’s financial capability is crucial to the performance of financial functions of the whole country.How to adjust the intergovernmental vertical fiscal relations in order to improve grassroots-level government’s finance situation is important for accelerating the establishment of a modern fiscal system.In recent years,Province-Directly-Governing-County(PGC)fiscal reform has been an important attempt to straighten out vertical fiscal relations between governments,and thus has made it possible for studying the effects of vertical fiscal relations reform on grassroots-level government’s finance based on quasi-natural experimental analysis.Therefore,this article empirically analyzes the PGC fiscal reform based on nationwide county-level data applying Propensity Score Matching with Difference-in-Difference Method(PSM-DID),in order to investigate the effect of the reform on county governments’disposable revenue and identify the influence path.The results indicate that PGC fiscal reform has a significant effect on promoting fiscal disposable revenue of county governments.Furthermore,we find that the reform increased upper-government transfer payment more than county-level own revenue,which manifests the reform increase county governments’fiscal disposable revenue by means of restraining prefecture-level cities’from grabbing county-level transfer.

我国高校院系治理的演进、困境与进路探赜

院系治理是大学治理能否实现现代化的关键。在协调党政关系主基调下,我国高校院系治理大致历经了“探索初创期”、“调适定型期”和“提质增效期”等三个演进阶段。当前,我国院系治理面临领导体制不健全、制度体系不完备、运行机制不通畅、治理主体权责失衡、党组织功能“悬浮化”等瓶颈和困境。推动院系治理现代化,应在遮蔽与澄清、守正与创新的动态调适中科学规避“制度移植陷阱”,创造性地推进党委领导下的校长负责制向院系层面的制度移植。在实践中,明晰院系党政共同领导下的分工负责制、完善党政联席会议制度、构建党政学协商共治模式、充分发挥党组织功能作用,是加快推进院系治理现代化的应然路径。

成渝地区双城经济圈区域协调发展的理论逻辑、实践创新与优化路径

成渝地区双城经济圈建设是深入贯彻党的区域协调发展战略、扎实推进中国式现代化的重要实践途径。成渝地区历经从经济区建设到城市群发展、再到双城经济圈构建的区域协调发展实践进程,基于对跨域治理需求的现实考量,通过调整府际关系、强化地方政府间合作、构建横向行政协调机制,以突破行政区划限制、促进区域资源优化配置、实现风险共担和利益共享,从而推动经济社会、生态环境等层面的均衡发展。新时代十年成渝地区双城经济圈在合作领域、协调机制、利益共享、政策执行方面创新制度体系,实践混合共力型的区域协调发展模式。但是未来在区域规划、利益格局、组织协同、资源配置上成渝地区双城经济圈建设仍面临诸多阻碍因素,需要从理念重塑、外部支持与内部保障三个维度进行路径优化。推动成渝地区双城经济圈建设向高质量阶段迈进意义重大,进一步从规划层面、执行层面、效能层面探索制度措施和协作策略,为形成各具特色、优势互补的区域发展新格局提供实践经验和路径借鉴。

地理学中自然与人文耦合的挑战与前景

进入人类世以来,随着重大自然与社会问题的涌现,作为一门典型的交叉学科,地理学面临着前所未有的挑战与机遇。地理学研究的是复杂交织的人地关系问题,所以需要先在内部摒除二元论的偏见,实现自然(包括GIS)与人文的耦合。对中国地理学而言,自然与人文耦合的关键或难点在于方法论。应对挑战,地理学共同体应该鼓励面向重大问题的、多元化的交叉研究,促进数据、技术与社会的融合,共创治理科学新范式,逐步改变重理轻文的学科评价导向。在全球可持续发展的大背景下,地理学内部的交叉融合以及地理学与其他学科的交叉合作至关重要,人文与自然的耦合是地理学应该始终坚持的方向。

社会文化空间治理驱动的国际化社区柔性治理——基于南京市Q社区的案例研究

柔性治理日渐成为国际化社区提升治理效能的重要手段。文章基于社会文化空间的分析框架,运用拓展个案研究法分析南京市Q社区案例,探究由公共空间、社会关系、社区制度等核心要件构成的社会文化空间治理驱动国际化社区柔性治理机制,挖掘社区治理转型升级路径。研究发现,在驱动实践中,公共空间居于内核性地位,在居民自治理念导引下,通过中外居民主导公共生活与文化规训的方式,驱动“以人为本”治理理念的落地。社会关系居于基础性地位,受多元参与理念指导,经多主体的多元协同、优势互补过程,驱动多元协同治理主体的形成。社区制度居于保障性地位,受政府主导理念指导,经政府部门主导的柔性治理与多元考量,推动柔性治理策略的实施。