To investigate the effects of L-tetrahydropalmatine (L-THP) on ener-gy metabolism, endothelin-1 (ET-1 ) and NO during acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion of rats, 24 Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups,...To investigate the effects of L-tetrahydropalmatine (L-THP) on ener-gy metabolism, endothelin-1 (ET-1 ) and NO during acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion of rats, 24 Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups, with 6rats in each group: sham-operation group, simple ischemia group, ischemia-reperfusion group and treatment group (L-THP group). Cerebral ATP, lactate,ET-1 and NO levels were measured in all groups. Our results showed that treat-ment with L-THP could increase cerebral ATP levels, but decrease cerebral lac-tate, ET-1 and NO concentrations during ischemia-reperfusion in the treatmentgroup. It is concluded that L-THP could improve cerebral energy metabolism and protect the injured brain tissue, the mechanism of which might be related to suppression of overproduction of ET-1 and NO.展开更多
Objective To study the protective effect of agrimony extracts from different extracting methods on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats, in order to optimize the extraction scheme of agrimony.Methods Male rats...Objective To study the protective effect of agrimony extracts from different extracting methods on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats, in order to optimize the extraction scheme of agrimony.Methods Male rats were randomly assigned into seven groups: 1. Sham-operated group, 2. Untreated MCAO group (MCAO), 3. Petroleum ether extract of Agrimonia pilosa treated MCAO group (PEA), 4. Ethyl acetate extract of Agrimonia pilosa treated MCAO group (EAEA), 5. Ethanol extract of Agrimonia pilosa treated MCAO group (EEA), 6. Water extract of Agrimonia pilosa treated MCAO group (WEA), 7. Nimodipine treated MCAO group (NP). Intragastrical drug administration (i.g) was performed at 0 and 6 hours after MCAO.Neurological function tests were performed after reperfusion for 24 hours, then the brain was removed for the evaluations of the cerebral infarction volume (percentage of total brain volume) by immunohistochemistry,histological changes (hematoxylin-eosin staining), Na+/K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase (modified method of Svoboda and Mosinger), mRNA expression of Tumor suppressor gene (P53) and hot shock protein (HSP70)(quantitative real-time PCR).Results The neurological function of MCAO group had significantly higher scores than the sham group (P<0.01). The WEA group showed a significantly lower neurological score than the MCAO group (P<0.05),indicating the protective effect of WEA on neurological deficits. The mean infarction volumes of WEA (13.5±6.6%, F=4.75, P<0.01), EEA (19.90±6.90%, F=5.23, P<0.01), PEA (20.40±5.30%, F=4.68,P<0.01) and EAEA (22.50±10.50%, F=6.25, P<0.05) group were all significantly smaller than that of MCAO group (29.40±6.50%). HE staining demonstrated that, compared to the treated groups, the infarcted cerebral tissue of MCAO group had more swelling neural cells, lighter stained nucleus, fewer and irregularly distributed neurons. The activity of Na+/K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase reduced in the MCAO group (3.67±0.48 U/mg,1.28±0.26 U/mg, respectively), and were significantly higher in WEA group (7.56±0.85 U/mg, F=12.65,P=0.010; 3.59±0.22 U/mg, F=8.32, P=0.041, respectively). The MCAO group showed significantly elevated P53 and HSP70 mRNA expressions compared to the sham group (P<0.01, P<0.05). P53 mRNA expressions in Agrimony extracts treated groups were significantly lower than that of the MCAO group (all P<0.01), with the WEA group showing the greatest difference from MCAO group. The HSP70 mRNA level of the treated groups were not significantly different from that of the MCAO group.Conclusions Treatment using water extracts of agrimony can promote the best functional and metabolic recovery for rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, which maybe relate with the upregulation of energy metabolism in nerve cells after MCAO.展开更多
Objective: To observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) of different intensities on lactate dehydrogernase (LDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and ATPase in brain tissue of rats with cerebral ischemia-rep...Objective: To observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) of different intensities on lactate dehydrogernase (LDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and ATPase in brain tissue of rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CI/R). Methods: Forty male SD rats were uniformly randomized into sham operation group (group A), CI/R group (group B), CI/R+5 mA EA (group C), CI/R+3 mA EA (group D) and CI/R+I mA EA (group E) groups with eight rats in each group. Transient general brain ischemia was induced by four-vessel occlusion and reperfusion. The rats in group C, group D and group E were punctured and stimulated at Baihui (GV20), Mingmen (GV4) and Zusanli (ST36) with the same intermittent and rarefaction-dense wave (30 to 50 Hz) and different electric current intensities: 5 mA, 3 mA and 1 mA for 20 min after CI/R. Then the activities of Na^+- ^+-ATPase, SDH and LDH in mitochondria of brain tissue were measured by spectrophotometry. The ischemic cerebral cortex tissue was taken for observing the ultrastructure changes of impaired nerve cells. Results: Compared with group A, the activities of LDH, SDH and Na^+-K^+-ATPase were Iowerer in the group B (P〈0.05 or P〈0.01). However, the activities of LDH, SDH and Na^+-K^+-ATPase were higher in the group D than those in the group B (P〈0.05 or P〈0.01). In group A, the anatomical structure of the cerebral cortex cells was basically normal; in group B, the neuronal cellular structures were severely damaged, the neuronal mitochondria got swelling, the mitochondrial cristae were broken, the medullated nerve fibers were not integrated. In group C, group D and group E, the ultrastructure of impaired neuron were improved. Group D was the best among three groups above. Conclusion: EA of 3 mA intensity could strengthen aerobic metabolism by elevating the activities of SDH and LDH, meanwhile maintaining the ionic equilibrium in the exterior and interior brain cell and relieving the cellular edema bv reinforcina the activities of Na^+-K^+-ATPase.展开更多
Objective: To explore the effects and molecular mechanisms of the combination between total Astragalus extract (TAE) and total Panax notoginseng saponins (TPNS) against cerebral ischemia- reperfusion injury. Meth...Objective: To explore the effects and molecular mechanisms of the combination between total Astragalus extract (TAE) and total Panax notoginseng saponins (TPNS) against cerebral ischemia- reperfusion injury. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into sham-operated group, model group, TAE (110 mg/kg) group, TPNS (115 mg/kg) group, TAE-TPNS combination group and Edaravone (4 mg/kg) group, treated for 4 days, then, cerebral ischemia-repeffusion injury was established by bilateral common carotid artery (CCA) ligation for 20 min followed by reperfusion for 1 and 24 h. Results: TPNS could increase adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level, TAE and TAE-TPNS combination increased ATP, adenosine diphosphate (ADP) contents and Na+-K+-ATPase activity, and the effects of TAE-TPNS combination were stronger than those of TAE or TPNS alone after reperfusion for 1 h. After reperfusion for 24 h, TAE, TPNS and TAE-TPNS combination significantly increased neurocyte survival rate and decreased the apoptosis rate as well as down-regulated the expression of phosphorylated c-June N-terminal kinasel/2 (p-JNK1/2), cytochrome C (Cyt C), cysteine aspartic acid-specific protease (Caspase)-9 and Caspase-3. Furthermore, the effects in TAE-TPNS combination were better than those in TAE or TPNS alone. Conclusion: The combination of TAE 110 mg/kg and TPNS 115 mg/kg could strengthen protective effects on cerebral ischemia injury, the mechanism underlying might be related to improving jointly the early energy metabolism, and relieving the delayed apoptosis via inhibiting the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway of JNK signal transduction.展开更多
文摘To investigate the effects of L-tetrahydropalmatine (L-THP) on ener-gy metabolism, endothelin-1 (ET-1 ) and NO during acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion of rats, 24 Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups, with 6rats in each group: sham-operation group, simple ischemia group, ischemia-reperfusion group and treatment group (L-THP group). Cerebral ATP, lactate,ET-1 and NO levels were measured in all groups. Our results showed that treat-ment with L-THP could increase cerebral ATP levels, but decrease cerebral lac-tate, ET-1 and NO concentrations during ischemia-reperfusion in the treatmentgroup. It is concluded that L-THP could improve cerebral energy metabolism and protect the injured brain tissue, the mechanism of which might be related to suppression of overproduction of ET-1 and NO.
基金Fund supported by National Science Foundation of China (NSFC) 81503491,81374053, 81630105.
文摘Objective To study the protective effect of agrimony extracts from different extracting methods on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats, in order to optimize the extraction scheme of agrimony.Methods Male rats were randomly assigned into seven groups: 1. Sham-operated group, 2. Untreated MCAO group (MCAO), 3. Petroleum ether extract of Agrimonia pilosa treated MCAO group (PEA), 4. Ethyl acetate extract of Agrimonia pilosa treated MCAO group (EAEA), 5. Ethanol extract of Agrimonia pilosa treated MCAO group (EEA), 6. Water extract of Agrimonia pilosa treated MCAO group (WEA), 7. Nimodipine treated MCAO group (NP). Intragastrical drug administration (i.g) was performed at 0 and 6 hours after MCAO.Neurological function tests were performed after reperfusion for 24 hours, then the brain was removed for the evaluations of the cerebral infarction volume (percentage of total brain volume) by immunohistochemistry,histological changes (hematoxylin-eosin staining), Na+/K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase (modified method of Svoboda and Mosinger), mRNA expression of Tumor suppressor gene (P53) and hot shock protein (HSP70)(quantitative real-time PCR).Results The neurological function of MCAO group had significantly higher scores than the sham group (P<0.01). The WEA group showed a significantly lower neurological score than the MCAO group (P<0.05),indicating the protective effect of WEA on neurological deficits. The mean infarction volumes of WEA (13.5±6.6%, F=4.75, P<0.01), EEA (19.90±6.90%, F=5.23, P<0.01), PEA (20.40±5.30%, F=4.68,P<0.01) and EAEA (22.50±10.50%, F=6.25, P<0.05) group were all significantly smaller than that of MCAO group (29.40±6.50%). HE staining demonstrated that, compared to the treated groups, the infarcted cerebral tissue of MCAO group had more swelling neural cells, lighter stained nucleus, fewer and irregularly distributed neurons. The activity of Na+/K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase reduced in the MCAO group (3.67±0.48 U/mg,1.28±0.26 U/mg, respectively), and were significantly higher in WEA group (7.56±0.85 U/mg, F=12.65,P=0.010; 3.59±0.22 U/mg, F=8.32, P=0.041, respectively). The MCAO group showed significantly elevated P53 and HSP70 mRNA expressions compared to the sham group (P<0.01, P<0.05). P53 mRNA expressions in Agrimony extracts treated groups were significantly lower than that of the MCAO group (all P<0.01), with the WEA group showing the greatest difference from MCAO group. The HSP70 mRNA level of the treated groups were not significantly different from that of the MCAO group.Conclusions Treatment using water extracts of agrimony can promote the best functional and metabolic recovery for rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, which maybe relate with the upregulation of energy metabolism in nerve cells after MCAO.
文摘Objective: To observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) of different intensities on lactate dehydrogernase (LDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and ATPase in brain tissue of rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CI/R). Methods: Forty male SD rats were uniformly randomized into sham operation group (group A), CI/R group (group B), CI/R+5 mA EA (group C), CI/R+3 mA EA (group D) and CI/R+I mA EA (group E) groups with eight rats in each group. Transient general brain ischemia was induced by four-vessel occlusion and reperfusion. The rats in group C, group D and group E were punctured and stimulated at Baihui (GV20), Mingmen (GV4) and Zusanli (ST36) with the same intermittent and rarefaction-dense wave (30 to 50 Hz) and different electric current intensities: 5 mA, 3 mA and 1 mA for 20 min after CI/R. Then the activities of Na^+- ^+-ATPase, SDH and LDH in mitochondria of brain tissue were measured by spectrophotometry. The ischemic cerebral cortex tissue was taken for observing the ultrastructure changes of impaired nerve cells. Results: Compared with group A, the activities of LDH, SDH and Na^+-K^+-ATPase were Iowerer in the group B (P〈0.05 or P〈0.01). However, the activities of LDH, SDH and Na^+-K^+-ATPase were higher in the group D than those in the group B (P〈0.05 or P〈0.01). In group A, the anatomical structure of the cerebral cortex cells was basically normal; in group B, the neuronal cellular structures were severely damaged, the neuronal mitochondria got swelling, the mitochondrial cristae were broken, the medullated nerve fibers were not integrated. In group C, group D and group E, the ultrastructure of impaired neuron were improved. Group D was the best among three groups above. Conclusion: EA of 3 mA intensity could strengthen aerobic metabolism by elevating the activities of SDH and LDH, meanwhile maintaining the ionic equilibrium in the exterior and interior brain cell and relieving the cellular edema bv reinforcina the activities of Na^+-K^+-ATPase.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81102557)Doctoral Program Foundation of Higher Education of China(No.20104323110001)+4 种基金Key Project of Hunan Province Education Department(No.08A050)Aid Project for Innovation Platform Open Fund of Hunan Province University(No.11K050 and No.14K068)Key Project of Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hunan Province(No.201301)General Project of Science and Technology Department of Hunan Province(No.2014SK3001)General Project of Education Bureau of Hunan Province(No.11C0963)
文摘Objective: To explore the effects and molecular mechanisms of the combination between total Astragalus extract (TAE) and total Panax notoginseng saponins (TPNS) against cerebral ischemia- reperfusion injury. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into sham-operated group, model group, TAE (110 mg/kg) group, TPNS (115 mg/kg) group, TAE-TPNS combination group and Edaravone (4 mg/kg) group, treated for 4 days, then, cerebral ischemia-repeffusion injury was established by bilateral common carotid artery (CCA) ligation for 20 min followed by reperfusion for 1 and 24 h. Results: TPNS could increase adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level, TAE and TAE-TPNS combination increased ATP, adenosine diphosphate (ADP) contents and Na+-K+-ATPase activity, and the effects of TAE-TPNS combination were stronger than those of TAE or TPNS alone after reperfusion for 1 h. After reperfusion for 24 h, TAE, TPNS and TAE-TPNS combination significantly increased neurocyte survival rate and decreased the apoptosis rate as well as down-regulated the expression of phosphorylated c-June N-terminal kinasel/2 (p-JNK1/2), cytochrome C (Cyt C), cysteine aspartic acid-specific protease (Caspase)-9 and Caspase-3. Furthermore, the effects in TAE-TPNS combination were better than those in TAE or TPNS alone. Conclusion: The combination of TAE 110 mg/kg and TPNS 115 mg/kg could strengthen protective effects on cerebral ischemia injury, the mechanism underlying might be related to improving jointly the early energy metabolism, and relieving the delayed apoptosis via inhibiting the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway of JNK signal transduction.