Analysis of correlation between MSCT classification and prognosis of basal ganglia hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage

Objective:To investigate the correlation between MSCT grading and the prognosis of basal ganglia hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.Methods:A total of 86 patients with basal ganglia hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage admitted to our hospital from May 2017 to March 2018 were selected.The clinical data and imaging data were collected from 86 patients.The MSCT images were observed and summarized by two radiologists.Based on the morphology of cisterna ambiens and brain stem,the correlation of MSCT grading to Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS)and Glasgow Outcome Scale(GOS)grading was analyzed by use of Spearman correlation analysis.Results:Among 86 patients,the number of MSCT gradeⅠ,Ⅱ,ⅢandⅣwere 29 cases,38 cases,9 cases and 10 cases respectively.There was no significant correlation between MSCT grading and age,sex as well as types of combined underlying diseases in the patients with basal ganglia hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage(p>0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between MSCT grading and GCS score of basal ganglia hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.The higher MSCT grade was,the higher GCS score was(r=0.719,p<0.001).There was a positive correlation between MSCT grading and GOS grading of basal ganglia hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.The higher MSCT grade was,the higher GOS grade was,leading to a poor prognosis(r=0.734,p<0.001).86 cases of basal ganglia hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage showed round or quasi-circular high-density shadows in MSCT images,the CT value ranged from 50 Hu to 80 Hu.Low-density bands surrounded the hematoma in the acute stage,and space-occupying effect could be seen in some patients,which resulted in the compression of ventricular sulcus and cistern and the displacement of midline structure.Subacute basal ganglia hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage patients showed a relative decrease in the density of hematoma,with the extent of edema gradually reduced,the focus showed a high-density shadow in the center;chronic basal ganglia hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage focus showed a cystic low-density shadow.Conclusion:MSCT grading of basal ganglia hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage is positively correlated to GCS and GOS grading.MSCT grading can contribute to the prognostic evaluation to the patients.

Resuscitating acupuncture therapy for glucose metabolism in acute cerebral infarction of basal ganglia

BACKGROUND： Acupuncture can improve motor function in patients with cerebral infarction, and activate brain glucose metabolism in relevant brain areas. However, the association between encephalic region activation and acupuncture, as well as the clinical significance of activation remain unclear. OBJECTIVE： Through the use of positron emission tomography-computed tomography （PET-CT）, acute cerebral infarction patients were analyzed for global cerebral metabolism, cerebral infarction focus, peripheral edema, and pyramidal tract pathway changes, which were directly related to clinical symptoms. The influence of resuscitating acupuncture on cerebral glucose metabolism was analyzed in patients with acute cerebral infarction in basal ganglia. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTNG： Randomized, controlled, clinical trials were performed from March 2007 to October 2008 at the PET-CT Center of the General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, China. PARTICIPANTS： Twelve patients with acute basal ganglia infarction were recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Chinese Medicine Hospital, and Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Chinese People＇s Armed Police Force. METHODS： The cerebral infarcted patients were randomly assigned to acupuncture and control groups. In addition to routine treatment, the acupuncture group was treated by acupuncture at the main acupoints for resuscitation [Neiguan （PC 6）, Renzhong （DU 26）, and Sanyinjiao （SP 6）], while the control group received routine treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Before and after treatment, patients with acute cerebral infarction were evaluated for global brain, cerebral infarction focus, and surrounding edema and glucose metabolism in encephalic region of pyramidal tract conduction by 18-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose for PET-CT imaging. RESULTS： The resuscitating acupuncture therapy can significantly activate the metabolism of global brain, infarction center and surrounding edema in patients with cerebral infarction in basal ganglia, also has effects on the activation of glucose metabolism in the encephalic regions of pyramidal tract pathway （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Resuscitating acupuncture was superior to routine treatment for significantly activating glucose metabolism in patients with acute cerebral basal ganglia infarction.

Relationship between abnormal vagus nerve tension and basal ganglia cerebral infarction induced paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

Objective: To investigate the relationship between basal ganglia cerebral infarction and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation(PAF) caused by abnormal vagus nerve tension.Methods: A total of 1 483 cases of elder patients with cerebral infarction who received head CT or MRI examination during the period were enrolled, including 830 male and613 female, with the average age as 78 years. These cases were divided into basal infarction ganglia group(n = 1 045) and non-basal ganglia infarction group(n = 438)according to the anatomic site of cerebral infarction. The differences of the incidence of PAF, left atrial diameter and heart rate variability were compared between the two groups.Results: In basal ganglia infarction group, the incidence rate of PAF was significantly higher than that of non-basal ganglia infarction group(P < 0.05). The incidence trend of cerebral infarction in basal ganglia was age-related, in the >79 years basal ganglia cerebral infarction group, the incidence of PAF was significantly higher than that of nonbasal ganglia infarction group(P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the left atrial diameter between the basal ganglia infarction group and non-basal ganglia infarction group. Basal ganglia cerebral infarction patients with high PAF had higher heart rate variability than non-basal ganglia infarction group.Conclusion: Elderly patients with basal ganglia infarction have high incidence of PAF.Sympathetic nerve damage in cerebral basal ganglia, increased vagal tension and cardiac vagal tension are the direct causes of PAF. The results indicates that the increased central vagal nerve tension mediated PAF probably is an indication of supplying sympathetic neurotransmitter or cardiac vagal denervation treatment.

Conventional craniotomy versus conservative treatment in patients with minor spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in the basal ganglia

Background:The treatment for spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)is still controversial,especially for hematomas in the basal ganglia.A retrospective case-control study with propensity score matching was performed to compare the outcomes of conventional craniotomy and conservative treatment for patients with minor ICH in the basal ganglia.Methods:We retrospectively collected the data of consecutive patients with minor basal ganglia hemorrhage from January 2018 to August 2019.We compared clinical outcomes of two groups using propensity score matching.The extended Glasgow outcome scale obtained by phone interviews based on questionnaires at a 12-month follow-up was used as the primary outcome measure.According to a previous prognosis algorithm,patients were divided into good and poor prognosis groups to obtain a dichotomized(favorable or unfavorable)outcome as the primary outcome.Secondary outcomes included hospitalized complications,mortality,and modified Rankin score at 12 months.Results:A total of 54 patients were analyzed,and the baseline characteristics of patients in the surgery and conservative treatment groups were well matched.The primary favorable outcome at 12 months was significantly higher in the conservative treatment group than in the surgery group(81%vs 44%;OR 1.833,95%CI 1.159-2.900;P=0.005).The incidence of pneumonia in the surgery group was significantly higher than that in the conservative treatment group(P=0.005).Conclusions:It is not recommended to undertake conventional craniotomy for patients with a minor hematoma(25-40 ml)in the basal ganglia.An open craniotomy might induce worse long-term functional outcomes than the conservative treatment.

Bilateral traumatic hemorrhage of the basal ganglia

Hemorrhage of the basal ganglia is common in hypertensive patients, and most of the cases are spon- taneous unilateral hemorrhage. Traumatic basal ganglia hemorrhage is uncommon, while bilateral hemorrhage of the basal ganglia after trauma is an extremely rare entity. This report described a rare case of bilateral hemorrhage of the basal ganglia after head trauma. We also analyzed the mechanisms and reviewed relative literatures.

Computed Tomography Imaging of Intracerebral Hematoma Anatomy in Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Objective:The image data of intracerebral hematoma in hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage(HICH)patients were obtained by three-dimensional(3D)spiral computed tomography(CT)scan in this study to provide a basis for clinical minimally invasive surgery and the development and research of related surgical instruments.Methods:From June 2020 to March 2022,33 patients with supratentorial HICH admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery,the First Affiliated Hospital,Zhejiang University,School of Medicine were selected.All patients underwent 3D spiral CT scanning.Multiplanar reconstruction(MPR)was used to reconstruct along any plane to obtain coronal,sagittal,cross-sectional,or arbitrary angle reconstructed images.Then,we observed and measured relevant data indicators on these three planes by measuring tools.Results:All hemorrhage sites of these 33 HICH patients were basal ganglia hemorrhage,including left basal ganglia hemorrhage in 13 cases and right basal ganglia hemorrhage in 20 cases.It was also found that basal ganglia hematomas were usually elliptical,and the anteroposterior diameter was significantly larger than the transverse diameter,almost twice the size of the transverse diameter[(62±10)mm vs.(35±9)mm,P<0.05].Although the depth of the hematoma on the transfrontal(sagittal)approach was significantly greater than that on the transtemporal(transverse)approach[(100±15)mm vs.(59±14)mm,P<0.05],the angle of the hematoma on the transfrontal approach was significantly smaller than that on the transtemporal approach[(37±11)°vs.(70±17)°,P<0.05],which was conducive to improving the clearance rate of the hematoma.Conclusion:During neuroendoscopic surgery for HICH patients,different lengths of the tubular port should be selected according to the transfrontal or transtemporal surgical approach to meet the needs of hematoma removal.

注射体积对老年患者中等量基底节区脑出血微创穿刺术后临床疗效的影响

目的探讨药物总量控制下注射体积对老年患者中等量基底节区脑出血微创穿刺术后临床疗效的影响。方法以血肿最大层面长轴中心点为穿刺点,CT引导穿刺,穿刺成功后抽吸液态血肿,控制血肿腔内单次尿激酶总量4.0×10^(4)U,注射体积分别为2 mL和4 mL,根据术后CT结果调整针体深度,并根据血肿清除情况拔针。比较两组术后血肿清除率、颅内压、血肿周围水肿体积、总死亡率、并发症发生率、神经功能缺失评分(neurological deficit score,NDS)和日常生活能力评定(activities of daily living,ADL)结果。结果两组患者术后首次血肿清除率(31.17%±1.46%vs.30.50%±1.69%)、术后颅内压、总死亡率无明显差异(P均>0.05)。大体积组术后1 d(77.30%±3.75%vs.62.77%±3.89%),2 d(91.43%±4.05%vs.80.12%±4.15%),拔针前(92.35%±4.83%vs.85.9%±3.59%)血肿清除率明显高于小体积组(P<0.05)。大体积组留针时间(1.8 d±0.2 d vs.3.1 d±0.4 d,P<0.05)、尿激酶总用量(24.3×10^(4)U±2.3×10^(4)U vs.36.5×10^(4)U±4.7×10^(4)U,P<0.05)均少于小体积组(P<0.05)。大体积组术后3 d(11.33 mL±2.32 mL vs.16.45 mL±1.97 mL)、5 d(14.59 mL±2.11 mL vs.21.37 mL±2.43 mL)、7 d(22.79 mL±3.15 mL vs.30.15 mL±4.04 mL)、14 d(12.41 mL±1.95 mL vs.19.38 mL±2.47 mL)血肿周围水肿体积少于小体积组(P<0.05)。大体积组术后28 d、3个月、6个月NDS[分别为(22.35±2.49 vs.28.14±2.95)、(16.43±2.17 vs.23.81±2.56)、(11.39±1.87 vs.17.74±2.03)]及ADL评分[分别为(44.76±4.22 vs.36.15±2.36)、(62.55±3.81 vs.51.39±2.45)、(77.53±3.76 vs.60.81±4.35)]优于小体积组(P<0.05)。大体积组术后并发症发生率低于小体积组(P<0.05)。结论大体积注射法能更有效引流血肿,缩短留针时间,减少尿激酶用量,降低术后并发症发生率,改善患者预后,是老年中等量基底节区脑出血微创穿刺术后提高疗效的有效方法。

HBGH患者血清CGN、SDC-1水平与病情及疾病转归的关系

目的 探讨血清扣带蛋白(CGN)、多配体聚糖-1(SDC-1)水平与高血压性基底节脑出血(HBGH)患者病情及疾病转归的关系。方法 选取2019年2月至2022年2月连云港市第二人民医院(下称该院)收治的123例HBGH患者为研究对象,另选择该院同期行健康体检的体检健康者120例为健康组。检测两组纳入对象血清CGN、SDC-1表达水平。根据疾病转归情况将患者分为好转组92例,恶化组31例。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线及曲线下面积(AUC)分析血清CGN、SDC-1表达水平对HBGH患者疾病转归的预测价值。结果 重度组血清CGN、SDC-1表达水平均高于中度组、轻度组,且中度组血清CGN、SDC-1表达水平均高于轻度组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),3组HBGH患者血清CGN、SDC-1表达水平均高于健康组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。恶化组血清CGN、SDC-1表达水平高于好转组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血清CGN、SDC-1预测HBGH患者疾病转归的AUC分别为0.742(95%CI:0.792~0.697)、0.861(95%CI:0.906~0.910),两者联合预测的AUC为0.917(95%CI:0.962~0.870)。恶化组出血量、破入脑室情况明显高于好转组,入院格拉斯哥昏迷量表(GCS)评分低于好转组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,血清CGN≥51.63 pg/mL(OR=3.815)、血清SDC-1≥450.67μg/L(OR=4.230)、入院GCS评分≤8分(OR=5.333)是HBGH患者疾病转归的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 血清CGN、SDC-1表达水平升高与HBGH患者病情加重、疾病转归恶化密切相关,二者对HBGH患者疾病转归具有一定预测价值。

磁共振弥散张量成像技术联合补阳还五汤对自发性基底节区出血患者肢体康复的影响

目的探讨磁共振弥散张量成像(DTI)技术联合补阳还五汤对自发性基底节区高血压性脑出血患者肢体康复的影响。方法选择湖州市第一人民医院神经外科2022年3月至2023年3月收治的68例基底区自发性高血压性脑出血患者作为研究对象。按随机数字表法将患者分为对照组(30例)和试验组(38例)。对照组被诊断为高血压性脑出血并接受常规治疗,试验组采用DTI结合补阳还五汤治疗。治疗4周后比较两组总体治疗效果,以及Fugl-Meyer运动功能量表(FMA)、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)、Berg平衡量表(BBS)、改良Barthel指数(MBI)评分的差异。结果试验组总有效率明显高于对照组〔86.8%(33/38)比56.7%(17/30),P<0.05〕。治疗4周后,两组FMA、BBS和MBI评分均较治疗前明显升高,NIHSS评分均较治疗前明显降低,且试验组的改善程度明显优于对照组〔FMA评分(分):74.21±9.07比66.73±12.76,NIHSS评分(分):15.16±3.73比20.27±6.15,MBI评分(分):69.29±14.68比60.63±19.10,BBS评分(分):43.55±4.30比36.90±3.86,均P<0.05〕。结论基于DTI的康复训练结合补阳还五汤能改善基底节区出血患者的肢体运动功能,提高日常生活活动能力。

经脑沟裂间隙入路对基底核区高血压脑出血患者脑血流、神经功能及微炎症的影响

目的分析经脑沟裂间隙入路对基底核区高血压脑出血患者脑血流、神经功能及微炎症的影响。方法选择基底核区高血压脑出血患者96例,按手术方式不同分为观察组(n=47,经脑沟裂间隙入路)和对照组(n=49,常规经脑回皮质手术)。比较两组患者脑血流动力学[外周阻力(Rv)、平均血流量(Qm)、平均血流速度(Vm)]、神经功能缺损评分(NHISS)、血清神经因子[神经生长因子(NGF)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、神经肽(NPY)]、炎症因子[超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、金属基质蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)]水平以及并发症情况。结果观察组术后出血量、意识恢复时长、住院时长低于对照组(P<0.05)。术后两组Rv均降低,Qm、Vm均升高,血清NSE、NGF、NPY、MMP-9、hs-CRP、TNF-α水平及NHISS评分均下降,且观察组较对照组更为显著(P<0.05)。观察组气管切开、脑再出血并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论经脑沟裂间隙入路手术能有效改善基底核区高血压脑出血患者临床疗效和脑血流,减轻微炎症状态,促进神经功能恢复。

体位性低血压与脑小血管病综合评分的相关性研究

目的探究脑小血管病(cerebral small vessel disease,CSVD)患者体位性低血压(orthostatic hypotension,OH)的有无及其类型与CSVD综合评分之间的关系。方法连续入组2021年3月至2023年9月期间的CSVD住院患者460例,根据有无OH及不同OH亚型将所有受试者分为无OH组、早期OH(early OH,EOH)组及延迟/持续OH(delayed/prolonged OH,DPOH)组。采用0~4分的五分制评分方法评估CSVD综合评分。分别分析不同OH分组与腔隙、脑白质高信号(white matter hyperintensities,WMH)评分、脑微出血(cerebral microbleeds,CMBs)、基底节区血管周围间隙(basal ganglia-perivascular spaces,BG-PVS)及CSVD综合评分的相关性。结果入组患者中EOH和DPOH的发生率分别为10.00%和17.17%。各组间存在腔隙的比例、BG-PVS等级及CSVD综合评分的分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),校正年龄、性别、高血压及卧位舒张压后,DPOH是腔隙(OR=2.421,95%CI:1.372~4.271,P=0.002)、严重BG-PVS(OR=1.714,95%CI:1.074~2.740,P=0.024)及更高CSVD综合评分(OR=1.791,95%CI:1.140~2.818,P=0.012)的独立危险因素。结论在CSVD患者中,DPOH较EOH更多见,且是CSVD综合评分增加的独立危险因素。

术前血清碱性磷酸酶、骨桥蛋白与基底节区脑出血患者神经内镜清除术预后的关系

目的分析术前血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)与骨桥蛋白(OPN)与基底节区脑出血患者神经内镜清除术预后的关系,评估其对患者预后的预测价值。方法回顾性采集2019年1月至2023年6月于商丘市第一人民医院完成神经内镜下微创血肿清除术治疗的65例基底节区脑出血患者的资料。记录研究所需实验室指标结果数据,包括术前及术后血清ALP、OPN水平,统计术后1个月患者预后情况,分析脑出血患者术前血清ALP、OPN与预后的关系。结果65例基底节区脑出血患者预后不良14例,占比21.54%。术前及术后,预后不良组患者血清ALP、OPN高于预后良好组(P<0.05)。经过点二列相关性分析,术前血清ALP、OPN与脑出血患者预后不良呈正相关关系(r>0,P<0.05)。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,结果显示,术前血清ALP、OPN预测脑出血患者预后不良的曲线下面积(AUC)均>0.70,联合预测的AUC>0.80,联合预测价值更高。结论基底节区脑出血患者神经内镜清除术前ALP、OPN越高,预后不良的可能性越大,术前ALP、OPN可以作为基底节区脑出血患者神经内镜清除术后预后不良的有效预测指标。

经额定位联合颅内压监测下微创手术治疗基底节区脑出血的疗效观察

目的探讨经额简易定位软通道联合颅内压监测下微创手术治疗椭圆形基底节区脑出血的效果。方法回顾性分析2019年1月至2021年12月右江民族医学院附属医院神经外科在简易定位后经额软通道微创手术治疗的70例椭圆形基底节区脑出血患者的临床资料,根据术前是否行颅内压(ICP)监测传感器置入术将其分为监测组26例和对照组44例,比较两组患者的一般资料、血肿清除率、术后甘露醇使用时间、术后住院时间、术后出血率、术后颅内感染率、术后1个月格拉斯哥预后分级(GOS)评分、预后良好率、术后3个月改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分等指标之间的差异。结果两组患者的年龄、性别、出血量、是否中线移位、是否破入脑室等一般资料比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);监测组患者的血肿清除率为(58.72±13.61)%,明显高于对照组的(50.58±15.50)%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);监测组患者的术后甘露醇使用时间和住院时间分别为(3.00±2.06)d、(11.31±3.82)d,明显短于对照组的(8.23±4.29)d、(14.73±6.01)d,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者的术后出血率、术后颅内感染率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);监测组患者术后1个月的GOS评分为(3.96±0.96)分,明显高于对照组的(3.39±1.08)分,预后良好率为69.23%,明显高于对照组的38.64%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);监测组患者术后3个月的mRS评分为(0.88±1.18)分,明显低于对照组的(2.39±1.40)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在经额简易定位软通道联合颅内压监测下进行椭圆形基底节区脑出血微创手术治疗,血肿清除率较高,能有效改善患者的预后。

经外侧裂-岛叶入路显微手术与经额叶入路血肿清除术对高血压性基底节区脑出血患者神经功能损伤的影响

目的探讨高血压性基底节区脑出血患者应用经外侧裂-岛叶入路显微手术与经额叶入路血肿清除术对神经功能损伤的影响。方法回顾性分析广西河池市人民医院2019-01—2022-12收治的121例高血压性基底节区脑出血患者的临床资料,分为A组61例(经外侧裂-岛叶入路显微手术)与B组60例(经额叶入路血肿清除术)。比较2组患者神经功能损伤指标水平及其他相关指标。结果2组患者手术时间、住院时间比较无统计学差异(P>0.05);A组术后意识恢复时间(5.11±0.89)h,短于B组的(6.03±0.73)h,术中出血量(37.21±4.27)mL,少于B组的(39.82±4.41)mL,48 h血肿清除率(90.06±3.44)%,大于B组的(88.69±4.02)%,差异均有统计学意义(t=6.178、3.299、2.017,P<0.05);A组临床总有效率98.36%(60/61),高于B组的86.67%(52/60)(χ^(2)=4.460,P=0.035);术后3 d,2组患者S-100β蛋白(S-100β)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)水平均较术前下降,且A组低于B组(P<0.05);2组患者术后并发症发生率比较无统计学差异(P>0.05);术后3个月,A组格拉斯哥预后量表(GOS)评分高于B组(P<0.05);2组患者术后6个月GOS评分比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论相比于经额叶入路血肿清除术,应用经外侧裂-岛叶入路显微手术可更有效促进高血压性基底节区脑出血患者神经功能损伤恢复,减少术中出血量,提高血肿清除率及临床疗效,且能够显著改善患者近期预后。

基于ReHo和fALFF的优势半球与非优势半球基底节区脑梗死后运动障碍的静息态脑功能成像研究

目的:采用静息态fMRI技术联合局部一致性(ReHo)和比率低频振幅(fALFF)探讨优势半球与非优势半球基底节区脑梗死后运动障碍患者的脑局部自发活动变化。方法:招募20例基底节区脑梗死后运动障碍患者,按照病灶位置分为优势半球脑梗死组11例和非优势半球脑梗死组9例;招募18例性别、年龄匹配的健康志愿者(对照组)分别行静息态fMRI,利用基于MATLAB的SPM12和DPARSF软件对数据进行分析,采用双样本t检验(体素水平P<0.01,团块水平P<0.05,GRF校正)对3组受试者的ReHo及fALFF脑图行组间两两比较,提取差异脑区的ReHo值及fALFF值。结果:与对照组相比,优势半球脑梗死组左侧三角部额下回的ReHo值显著升高(t=4.97,P<0.05),左侧扣带回白质的fALFF值显著降低(t=-7.57,P<0.05)。与对照组相比,非优势半球脑梗死组左侧额中回的ReHo值显著升高(t=6.01,P<0.05),左侧内侧和旁扣带脑回(t=-6.02,P<0.05)、右侧枕上回(t=-5.25,P<0.05)的ReHo值显著降低,右侧眶部额下回(t=5.01,P<0.05)、左侧枕中回(t=4.74,P<0.05)的fALFF值显著升高,右侧内侧和旁扣带脑回fALFF值显著降低(t=-5.58,P<0.05)。与非优势半球脑梗死组相比,优势半球脑梗死组左侧小脑的ReHo值显著升高(t=4.51,P<0.05),左侧三角部额下回(t=5.29,P<0.05)、左侧舌回(t=5.63,P<0.05)、左侧额中回(t=6.72,P<0.05)的fALFF值显著升高。结论:静息状态下,与对照组相比,优势半球与非优势半球基底节区脑梗死后双侧大脑皮质运动、感觉及认知等多个脑区神经元活动发生变化;与非优势半球脑梗死相比,优势半球脑梗死能更快地出现代偿性激活,增强神经元活动,这一发现可能有助于进一步理解不同半球间基底节区脑梗死后运动障碍患者的大脑局部神经影像学差异。

球囊扩张引导管状脑压板联合神经内镜辅助治疗基底节区脑出血的效果分析

目的:探讨球囊扩张引导管状脑压板联合神经内镜辅助下手术治疗基底节区脑出血的临床应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2018年1月—2021年6月玉林市第一人民医院神经外科收治的90例基底节区脑出血患者临床资料,根据不同手术方式分为观察组(内镜组)、对照组(开颅组)。观察组45例,进行了球囊扩张引导管状脑压板联合神经内镜辅助下手术治疗基底节区脑出血;对照组45例,进行了传统开颅血肿清除术。收集两组患者术前术后GCS评分、术前血肿量、手术时间、术中出血量、再出血率、GOS评分等相关数据。对比两组患者血肿清除率、术中及术后相关指标、术后并发症等情况。结果:观察组与对照组在术前脑出血量、术前GCS评分、术中失血量方面,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者的手术时间短于对照组,血肿清除率低于对照组、术后GOS评分优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=13.21,-5.47,14.10,P<0.05)。结论:球囊扩张引导管状脑压板联合神经内镜辅助治疗基底节区脑出血是安全有效的,在手术时间、术后并发症、患者预后方面均优于传统开颅血肿清除术。

不同入路小骨窗开颅显微手术治疗基底节区高血压脑出血的效果比较

目的分析不同入路小骨窗开颅显微手术治疗基底节区高血压脑出血的效果。方法选取2019年1月至2022年3月丰城市人民医院收治的88例基底节区高血压脑出血患者作为研究对象,随机分为观察组与对照组,每组44例。两组均行小骨窗开颅显微手术,对照组采用经颞叶皮质入路手术治疗,观察组采用经侧裂下Rolandic点-岛叶入路手术治疗,比较两组手术情况、血肿清除率、再出血率、术后并发症、术后1个月格拉斯哥昏迷量表(Glasgow coma score,GOS)分级情况及术后1、3、6个月的美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institute of Health stroke scale,NIHSS)评分及世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表(World Health Organization on quality of life brief scale,WHOQOL-BREF)评分。结果两组手术时间、术中出血量、引流管放置时间、行大骨瓣减压例数、住院时间比较差异均无统计学意义;观察组开始手术至颅内压下降时间长于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后24 h血肿清除率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组再出血率比较差异无统计学意义。观察组术后1个月预后良好率为81.82%,高于对照组的61.36%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1、3、6个月,观察组NIHSS评分均低于对照组,WHOQOL-BREF评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后并发症发生率为6.82%,低于对照组的25.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论经侧裂下Rolandic点-岛叶入路小骨窗开颅显微手术治疗基底节区高血压脑出血的效果显著,有助于提升血肿清除率,减少术后并发症发生率,促进术后神经功能的恢复,提高患者预后生存质量。

微创手术与传统开颅术治疗基底节区高血压脑出血的临床疗效

目的探讨基底节区高血压脑出血患者行微创手术治疗、传统开颅手术治疗的临床疗效。方法选取60例高血压脑出血患者,30例行传统开颅手术治疗的患者为对照组,30例行微创手术治疗的患者为研究组;比较两组患者的临床疗效、手术时间、术中出血量、置管引流时间、平均住院时间、GCS评分、NIHSS评分、生活质量评分、日常生活能力评分及并发症发生率。结果研究组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组手术时间短于对照组(P<0.05);研究组术中出血量少于对照组(P<0.05);研究组置管引流时间、平均住院时间短于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后两组患者GCS评分、NIHSS评分比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后研究组患者生活质量评分及日常生活能力评分高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组并发症发生率小于对照组(P<0.05)。结论应用微创手术治疗基底节区高血压脑出血的临床疗效优于传统开颅手术,且神经功能改善明显,创伤性小。

不同入路显微镜手术治疗青年重症基底节区高血压脑出血的疗效比较

目的探究不同入路显微镜手术治疗青年重症基底节区高血压脑出血(HBGH)的疗效比较。方法回顾性分析安康市中心医院神经外科于2016年1月至2024年1月收治的青年重症HBGH患者,按照手术入路方式不同分为侧裂组(显微镜下经侧裂入路血肿清除术)与颞中回组(显微镜下经颞中回入路血肿清除术),根据倾向性匹配评分法(卡钳值0.02)排除混杂因素,每组各获得40例患者。对比2组患者血肿清除率、围手术期指标(手术时间、术中失血量、住院时间、再出血率)、并发症发生率、术前及术后3个月血清指标[神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、S-100蛋白]、术后3个月预后情况(GOS)及术后3、6个月症状改善情况[改良Rankin量表(mRS)、生活活动能力(ADL)]。结果术后24 h内,侧裂组血肿清除率显著优于颞中回组(P<0.05);2组手术时间及再出血率差异不显著(P>0.05),而侧裂组术中失血量、住院时间显著低于颞中回组(P<0.05);2组并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后3个月,2组患者NSE、S100均显著下降(P<0.05),且侧裂组显著低于颞中回组(P<0.05);术后3个月,侧裂组GOS分级显著优于颞中回组(P<0.05);术后3、6个月,2组患者mRS逐渐降低(P<0.05),ADL逐渐上升(P<0.05),侧裂组患者mRS显著低于颞中回组(P<0.05),侧裂组患者ADL显著高于颞中回组(P<0.05)。结论相比经颞中回入路,经侧裂入路血肿清除术治疗重症HBGH血肿清除率更高,手术时间及失血量更少,患者预后更好,值得应用。

微创穿刺与保守治疗对中等量基底节区出血疗效比较

目的:探讨微创穿刺与保守治疗对中等量基底节区出血的疗效,分析更好的治疗方案。方法:回顾性分析符合入选标准的65例患者资料,根据入组标准分为微创穿刺引组(手术组)39例以及保守治疗组26例,记录治疗后第1、3、7天的血肿体积,早期GCS及NIHSS评分,统计严重并发症情况。出院3个月后mRS评分进行转归评价。结果:手术组患者术后第3天平均残余血肿体积、血肿清除率优于保守组,手术组患者早期GCS、NIHSS评分优于保守组(P<0.001),手术组患者肺部感染发生率低(P<0.001)。手术组患者出院3个月后转归良好率(mRS评分≤2)显著优于保守组(P<0.05),但30天内病死率差异无统计学意义(P=0.3430)。结论:微创穿刺治疗中等量基底节区脑出血疗效优于保守治疗,患者预后及神经功能恢复更好。