Neuroimaging diagnosis for cerebral infarction An 8-year bibliometric analysis

OBJECTIVE： To identify global research trends in neuroimaging diagnosis for cerebral infarction using a bibliometric analysis of the Web of Science. DATA RETRIEVAL： We performed a bibliometric analysis of data retrieval for neuroimaging diagnosis for cerebral infarction containing the key words ＂CT, magnetic resonance imaging, MRI, transcranial Doppler, transvaginal color Doppler, digital subtraction angiography, and cerebral infarction＂ using the Web of Science. SELECTION CRITERIA： Inclusion criteria were： （a） peer-reviewed articles on neuroimaging diagnosis for cerebral infarction which were published and indexed in the Web of Science; （b） original research articles and reviews; and （c） publication between 2004-2011. Exclusion criteria were： （a） articles that required manual searching or telephone access; and （b） corrected papers or book chapters. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： （1）Annual publication output; （2） distribution according to country; （3） distribution according to institution; （4） top cited publications; （5） distribution according to journals; and （6） comparison of study results on neuroimaging diagnosis for cerebral infarction. RESULTS： Imaging has become the predominant method used in diagnosing cerebral infarction. The most frequently used clinical imaging methods were digital subtraction angiography, CT, MRI, and transcranial color Doppler examination. Digital subtraction angiography is used as the gold standard. However, it is a costly and time-consuming invasive diagnosis that requires some radiation exposure, and is poorly accepted by patients. As such, it is mostly adopted in interventional therapy in the clinic. CT is now accepted as a rapid, simple, and reliable non-invasive method for use in diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease and preoperative appraisal. Ultrasonic Doppler can be used to reflect the hardness of the vascular wall and the nature of the plaque more clearly than CT and MRI. CONCLUSION： At present, there is no unified standard of classification of cerebral infarction imaging. Detection of clinical super-acute cerebral infarction remains controversial due to its changes on imaging, lack of specificity, and its similarity to a space-occupying lesion. Neuroimaging diagnosis for cerebral infarction remains a highly active area of research and development.

THE CLINICAL CURATIVE EFFECT OF ELECTROACUPUNCTUREAND SKULL CT ANALYSIS OF ACUTE CEREBRAL INFARCTION

In this paper, the authors have observed the relation between the focuses shown by CT and patient’s condition as well as the curative effect of electroacupuncture on 70 cases of acute cerebral infarction. The result shows that electroacupuncture for acute cerebral infarction has remarkable cura tive effect (the remarkable effective rate was 82.9 %, and the total effective rate was 97.1 % ). Com bining with the CT analysis, the authors found that the condition of acute cerebral infarction patients and curative effect have close relation with the size and depth of fouses’ position (P<0.01 ).

Evaluation value of CTA for vertebrobasilar artery stenosis in patients with posterior circulation cerebral infarction and its correlation with serum biochemical indexes

Objective: To study the evaluation value of CTA for vertebrobasilar artery stenosis in patients with posterior circulation cerebral infarction and its correlation with serum biochemical indexes. Methods: A total of 148 patients who were treated in Maanshan Shiqiye Hospital between June 2014 and February 2017 due to vertebrobasilar artery stenosis were selected as the research subjects and divided into cerebral infarction group and transient ischemic attack (TIA) group according to the imageological examination. CTA was used to evaluate vertebrobasilar atherosclerotic plaque properties, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit was used to determine the levels of nerve injury markers, inflammatory response-related molecules and plaque property-related protease molecules. Results: The positive rate of posterior circulation plaque in cerebral infarction group was obviously higher than that in TIA group, and the positive rate of unstable plaque, fibrous plaque and calcified plaque were higher than those in TIA group;serum NSE, S100B, UCH-L1, GFAP, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, PECAM-1, VE-cadherin, YKL-40, CatS, MMP9, MMP10 and ADAMTS12 levels of cerebral infarction group of patients with unstable plaque, fibrous plaque and calcified plaque were all higher than those of TIA group;serum NSE, S100B, UCH-L1, GFAP, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, PECAM-1, VE-cadherin, YKL-40, CatS, MMP9, MMP10 and ADAMTS12 levels of cerebral infarction group of patients with unstable plaque and fibrous plaque were all higher than those of patients with calcified plaque, and serum NSE, S100B, UCH-L1, GFAP, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, PECAM-1, VE-cadherin, YKL-40, CatS, MMP9, MMP10 and ADAMTS12 levels of cerebral infarction group of patients with unstable plaque were all higher than those of patients with fibrous plaque. Conclusion: CTA can accurately assess the property of vertebrobasilar atherosclerotic plaque in patients with posterior circulation cerebral infarction and is closely related to the degree of nerve injury and the change of plaque property.

Use of various CT imaging methods for diagnosis of acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease

Thirty-four patients with cerebral infarction and 18 patients with transient ischemic attack were examined by multi-slice spiral CT scan, CT perfusion imaging, and CT angiography within 6 hours after onset. By CT perfusion imaging, 29 cases in the cerebral infarction group and 10 cases in the transient ischemic attack group presented with abnormal blood flow perfusion, which corresponded to the clinical symptoms. By CT angiography, various degrees of vascular stenosis could be detected in 41 patients, including 33 in the cerebral infarction group and eight in the transient ischemic attack group. The incidence of intracranial artery stenosis was higher than that of extracranial artery stenosis. The intracranial artery stenosis was located predominantly in the middle cerebral artery and carotid artery siphon, while the extracranial artery stenosis occurred mainly in the bifurcation of the common carotid artery and the opening of the vertebral artery. There were 34 cases （83%） with convict vascular stenosis and perfusion abnormalities, and five cases （45%） with perfusion abnormalities but without convict vascular stenosis. The incidence of cerebral infarction in patients with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores 〉 5 points during onset was significantly higher than that in patients with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores 〈 5 points. These experimental findings indicate that the combined application of various CT imaging methods allows early diagnosis of acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease, which can comprehensively analyze the pathogenesis and severity of acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease at the morphological and functional levels.

Right Hemisphere Cerebral Infarction Due to Air Embolism from Percutaneous Lung Biopsy: A Case Report

Percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy is a common procedure in interventional radiology. Systemic arterial air embolism causing cerebral infarction is a rare but much feared complication of percutaneous lung biopsy. We present a comprehensive review of iatrogenic air embolism post-lung biopsy, a complication that is often sub optimally managed. Patho-physiology, clinical features, and risk factors and management are reviewed.

CTAI分析系统与Philips CT后处理工作站在预测急性脑梗死预后中的一致性分析

目的探讨CT脑灌注成像(CTP)智能(AI)分析系统与Philips CT后处理工作站在预测急性脑梗死(ACI)预后中的一致性。方法选取我院2021年6月至2023年6月ACI患者100例,根据90 d预后情况分为预后良好组(77例)与预后不良组(23例)。入院时均行CTP检查,比较AI分析系统与Philips CT后处理工作站测量的患侧最大层面与对应健侧血流参数[脑血流量(CBF)、脑血容量(CBV)、平均通过时间(MTT)、相对脑血流量(rCBF)、相对脑血容量(rCBV)、相对平均通过时间(rMTT)、缺血区最大层面CBF、CBV面积]预测ACI患者预后的一致性。结果AI分析系统、Philips CT后处理工作站测量的预后不良组患侧最大层面CBF、CBV、rCBF、rCBV低于预后良好组,患侧最大层面MTT、rMTT、缺血区最大层面CBF、CBV面积高于预后良好组(P<0.05);AI分析系统、Philips CT后处理工作站测量的两组患侧最大层面与对应健侧CBF、CBV、MTT、rCBF、rCBV、rMTT、缺血区最大层面CBF、CBV面积差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);患侧最大层面CBF、CBV、MTT、rCBF、rCBV、rMTT、缺血区最大层面CBF、CBV面积均是ACI预后的影响因素(P<0.05);AI分析系统测量的患侧最大层面CBF、CBV、MTT、rCBF、rCBV、rMTT、缺血区最大层面CBF、CBV面积预测ACI预后AUC分别为0.742、0.776、0.842、0.809、0.782、0.755、0.742、0.787;Philips CT后处理工作站测量的患侧最大层面CBF、CBV、MTT、rCBF、rCBV、rMTT、缺血区最大层面CBF、CBV面积预测ACI预后的AUC分别为0.742、0.722、0.816、0.803、0.772、0.761、0.750、0.781;两种方式测量出的CTP参数预测ACI预后的AUC差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),一致性Kappa值均>0.7。结论CTP AI分析系统与Philips CT后处理工作站测量的血流参数在预测ACI预后中一致性良好,可将AI分析系统作为优选的图像后处理方式。

256排Revolution CT灌注成像联合血管造影在急性脑梗死中的临床应用价值

目的 探讨256排Revolution CT灌注成像(CTP)联合头颈部CT血管造影(CTA)在急性脑梗死患者临床诊断中的应用价值。方法 选取我院2022年1月至2022年6月期间收治的85例疑似急性脑梗死患者作为研究对象,所有患者发病24小时内行常规头部CT平扫、CT灌注成像(CTP)和头颈部CT血管造影(CTA)。CTP可获得急性梗死区与对侧镜像区脑组织的血流灌注参数,如脑血流量(CBF)、脑血容量(CBV)、平均通过时间(MTT)及达峰时间(TTP)等,并能判断有无缺血半暗带及其范围,提示临床尽早进行溶栓治疗,以挽救存活脑组织。头颈CTA可评估患者头颈部动脉有无狭窄、狭窄部位、狭窄程度及侧支循环形成情况。结果 85例患者中CTP有61例显示灌注异常,核心梗死区与缺血半暗带区灌注参数CBF、MTT、TTP相对于镜像区对比结果差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05),CBV相对于镜像区对比结果差异不具有统计学意义(P> 0.05),核心梗死区CBV、CBF低于缺血半暗带区(P <0.05),而MTT、TTP高于缺血半暗带区(P <0.05)。85例患者中CTA结果显示57例急性脑梗死患者存在不同程度的脑血管狭窄或闭塞,并与CTP异常灌注区相吻合,提示为责任血管。结论 在急性脑梗死的诊疗过程中,256排Revolution CT灌注成像联合头颈部CT血管造影检查可以评估局部脑组织血流灌注情况,有效区分核心梗死区与缺血半暗带区,明确缺血半暗带范围及相应的责任血管,评估侧支循环情况,对急性脑梗死的早期诊断及治疗方案的确定提供可靠依据。

Neuro DSA CT评价中西医结合治疗分水岭脑梗死疗效

目的探讨采用Neuro DSA CT评价中西医结合治疗分水岭脑梗死的疗效。方法将46例分水岭脑梗死患者随机分为治疗组及对照组。治疗组采用常规西医治疗加中药治疗,对照组采用常规西医治疗,用Neuro DSA CT评价对比两组病人脑内分支血管改善情况。结果治疗组脑内分支血管改善与对照组比较有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论 Neuro DSA CT可以作为中西医结合治疗分水岭脑梗死疗效的一个判断指标。

Myocardial perfusion imaging with a contrast agent at a low concentration in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction in the elderly

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of myocardial perfusion imaging with dual-source dual-energy CT and a contrast agent at a low concentration in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction in the elderly.Methods Onestop cardiac imaging with dual-source CT was conducted in 138 elderly patients diagnosed with myocardial infarction between October 2015 and May 2016.The

颅脑CT灌注成像及磁共振成像在脑梗死患者中的应用

目的分析颅脑CT灌注成像及磁共振成像对脑梗死患者的诊断价值。方法选取2022-03—2023-05在江苏省中西医结合医院就诊的80例疑似脑梗死患者为研究对象,对比分析GE Revolution CT颅脑灌注成像、磁共振成像及联合检查的敏感性、特异性、准确性,制作3种影像学检查的受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线。结果根据患者病情和临床综合诊断确诊,80例疑似脑梗死患者中脑梗死阳性69例(86.25%),脑梗死阴性11例(13.75%)。3种影像学检查方法的灵敏度、准确率比较,从高到低依次为联合检查、GE Revolution CT颅脑灌注成像检查、磁共振成像检查,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。GE Revolution CT颅脑灌注成像检查、磁共振成像检查、联合检查诊断脑梗死的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.8109、0.7688、0.8682。结论GE Revolution CT颅脑灌注成像与磁共振成像检查的联合应用,有利于提高脑梗死患者诊断的灵敏度、准确率及AUC水平。

Characteristics of vascular lesions in patients with posterior circulation infarction according to age and region of infarct

Patients with posterior circulation infarction underwent CT angiography and magnetic resonance angiography. Intracranial and extracranial vasculopathy was evaluated according to age group and location of stroke. Patients aged 〉 60 years and 〈 60 years had similar rates of vertebral artery dominance and vertebrobasilar artery developmental or origin anomalies. Vertebrobasilar artery stenosis or occlusion and tortuosity occurred more frequently in patients aged 〉 60 years than 〈 60 years. The rates of vertebrobasilar artery anomalies and tortuosity were high in patients with posterior circulation infarction. Vertebrobasilar artery tortuosity occurred more frequently in patients aged 〉 60 years, whereas vertebrobasilar artery developmental anomalies occurred with similar frequency in patients aged 〈 60 years and 〉 60 years. Patients with infarction of the brainstem or cerebellum were more ~ikely to have vertebral artery stenosis or occlusion, basi^ar artery stenosis or occlusion, vertebral artery dominance or tortuosity, and basilar artery tortuosity, and patients with infarction of the thalamus, medial temporal, or occipital lobes were more likely to have stenosis or occlusion of the vertebral or basilar arteries. Vertebrobasilar artery tortuosity, vertebral artery dominance （hypoplasia）, and congenital variations of the vertebrobasilar system may lead to posterior circulation infarction at different locations in different age groups.

CT灌注成像参数对急性脑梗死侧支循环的评估价值及与术后近期预后的相关性

目的探讨CT灌注成像(CTPI)参数对急性脑梗死(ACI)侧支循环的评估价值及与术后近期预后的相关性。方法选取我院2022年1月-2023年2月收治的106例ACI患者,以数字血管造影(DSA)作为诊断“金标准”,将其分有侧支循环组(46例)与无侧支循环组(60例)。两组患者均进行CTPI检查,对比两组受试者CTPI参数[脑血容量(CBV)、脑血流量(CBF)、平均通过时间(MTT)及达峰时间(TTP)],采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析CTPI参数对ACI侧支循环的预测价值;比较CTPI参数评估急性缺血性脑梗死侧支循环与DSA检查的一致性;采用Pearson相关性分析ACI患者的CTPI参数与美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)、改良Ranking量表(mRS)评分的相关性。结果有侧支循环组CBV、CBF均高于无侧支循环组(P<0.05),MTT、TTP均低于无侧支循环组(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,CBV、CBF、MTT、TTP及联合检测对ACI侧支循环均有预测效能(P<0.05),其AUC分别为0.793、0.705、0.841、0.669、0.879,单独检测中MTT效能最高,但仍低于联合检测效能。CTPI参数联合检查对ACI侧支循环的诊断灵敏性为84.78%、特异性为90.00%、准确率为87.74%、阳性预测值为86.67%、阴性预测值为88.52%、Kappa值为0.750。有侧支循环组NIHSS、mRS评分均低于无侧支循环组(P<0.05);Pearson相关分析发现,CBV、CBF与NIHSS、mRS评分呈负相关(P<0.05),MTT、TTP与NIHSS、mRS评分呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论ACI有侧支循环患者的CBV、CBF均较无侧支循环患者高,MTT、TTP均较无侧支循环患者低,CTPI参数用于评估ACI侧支循环具有较高的诊断效能,且有侧支循环患者近期预后较好,同时CBV、CBF、MTT、TTP与ACI患者近期预后均存在相关性,可通过检测CBV、CBF、MTT、TTP预测患者近期预后。

CT联合MRI检查在脑梗死合并脑出血中的诊断价值

目的:探讨CT联合MRI检查对脑梗死合并脑出血的诊断效果。方法:选取2021年6月—2023年5月连云港市第一人民医院收治的86例疑似脑梗死合并脑出血患者作为研究对象。以临床观察和综合检查结果为“金标准”。所有患者均进行常规MRI及CT检查。记录CT、MRI及两者联合的诊断结果,并通过敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、准确度和Kappa值评估MRI、CT及两者联合的诊断效能。结果:金标准确诊脑梗死合并脑出血71例,单纯脑出血7例,单纯脑梗死8例。CT检查确诊脑梗死合并脑出血52例,单纯脑梗死或脑出血7例,敏感度、特异度、准确度分别为73.24%、46.67%、68.60%。MRI检查确诊脑梗死合并脑出血55例,单纯脑梗死或脑出血9例,敏感度、特异度、准确度分别为77.46%、60.00%、74.42%。CT联合MRI确诊脑梗死合并脑出血59例,单纯脑梗死或脑出血13例,敏感度、特异度、准确度分别为83.10%、86.67%、83.72%。CT联合MRI检查的特异度、准确度均高于CT检查(P<0.05)。结论:CT联合MRI对脑梗死合并脑出血的诊断效能较高。

MRI与CT影像检查在多发性脑梗死诊断中的应用分析

目的:探讨多发性脑梗死采用颅脑磁共振成像(MRI)诊断的价值。方法:选取2022年2月—2023年2月滨州市中心医院收治的120例多发性脑梗死患者的为研究对象,全部患者均经手术病理确诊,对120例患者分别采取MRI检查与CT检查,对比MRI与CT的诊断效能。结果:与CT检查相比,MRI检查对不同直径梗死病灶的检出率更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);MRI检查对<24 h、24~72 h发病时间的梗死病灶的检出率更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而对>72 h病灶的检出率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);MRI检查对基底节区、脑干、脑旁室、顶叶以及丘脑部位的梗死病灶检出率更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:临床上采用MRI、CT检查均能有效检出多发性脑梗死,但MRI检查在多发性脑梗死的早期病灶、不同直径病灶以及不同部位病灶的诊断价值更高。

全脑CT灌注及磁共振弥散加权成像评价短暂性脑缺血发作继发脑梗死的价值

目的探究全脑CT灌注及磁共振弥散加权成像(DWI)评价短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)继发脑梗死的价值。方法选取2022-06—2023-04中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九〇二医院治疗的70例TIA患者,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析,根据患者发病7 d内临床诊断继发性脑梗死状况分为脑梗死组(n=22)与非脑梗死组(n=48),对比2组全脑CT灌注参数,经ROC曲线分析全脑CT灌注参数联合诊断TIA继发脑梗死的最佳阈值,对比全脑CT灌注参数、DWI及两项联合诊断TIA继发脑梗死的灵敏度、特异性,并通过Kappa值分析其一致性。结果脑梗死组CBF、CBV低于非脑梗死组,TTP、MTT高于非脑梗死组(P<0.05)。采用ROC分析获取CBF、CBV、TTP、MTT诊断TIA继发脑梗死的AUC分别为0.670、0.854、0.681、0.754,联合诊断TIA继发脑梗死的AUC为0.925。以临床诊断为金标准,全脑CT灌注诊断TIA继发脑梗死的敏感度77.27%,特异性95.83%,Kappa值0.759;磁共振弥散加权成像诊断TIA继发脑梗死的敏感度81.82%,特异性97.92%,Kappa值0.828;两项联合诊断TIA继发脑梗死的敏感度95.45%,特异性95.83%,Kappa值0.902,一致性较好。结论全脑CT灌注及DWI诊断TIA继发脑梗死均具有一定价值,且两项联合诊断的准确性更好。

血5′tRF-LysCTT对急性脑梗死早期诊断及病情严重程度判定的价值

目的探究血5′tRF-LysCTT表达水平对急性脑梗死(ACI)患者早期诊断及病情严重程度判定的价值。方法收集2022年10月至2023年10月在哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院神经内科住院急性脑梗死(ACI)患者为ACI组(n=114),选取同期健康体检者为对照组(n=112)。根据NIHSS评分将ACI患者分为轻型组(NIHSS≤5分,n=66)和中重型组(NIHSS>5分,n=48)。通过实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(RT-qPCR)技术检测两组血5′tRF-LysCTT水平。应用多因素Logistic回归分析预测ACI患者神经功能缺损程度的危险因素。ROC曲线分析5′tRF-LysCTT对区分轻型、中重型ACI的诊断价值。结果ACI患者血5′tRF-LysCTT水平明显低于对照组(1.34±0.56 vs.3.28±1.01,P<0.001)。与轻型组比较,中重型组血5′tRF-LysCTT表达明显降低(1.65±0.45 vs.0.89±0.36,P<0.001)。与5′tRF-LysCTT相对表达量与ACI神经功能缺损程度呈负相关(P<0.001)。ROC曲线分析5′tRF-LysCTT对区分ACI组与对照组的曲线下面积(AUC值)为0.956(95%CI 0.9317~0.9805),敏感度为94.6%,特异度为84.7%,截断值为2.11;区分ACI轻、中重型的AUC值为0.908(95%CI 0.8543~0.9618),敏感度为93.3%,特异度为80.2%,截断值为1.41,具有较高诊断效率。Logistic回归分析显示,5′tRF-LysCTT是预测神经功能缺损程度的独立危险因素。结论血5′tRF-LysCTT可能成为ACI患者早期诊断及病情严重程度判定的新标志物。

甲壳质酶蛋白-40、半胱氨酸蛋白水解酶-1及ASPECTS预测前循环大面积脑梗死介入取栓患者预后的价值研究

目的探讨甲壳质酶蛋白-40(chitinase protein-40,YKL-40)、半胱氨酸蛋白水解酶-1(cysteine proteolytic enzyme-1,Caspase-1)水平及ASPECTS对前循环大面积脑梗死介入取栓患者预后的预测价值。方法回顾性分析2020年6月—2023年2月于河北医科大学第一医院接受介入取栓治疗的180例前循环大面积脑梗死患者的病历资料。按照介入取栓3个月后的预后情况分为死亡组(41例)与存活组(139例),比较两组基线资料及介入取栓前YKL-40、Caspase-1水平。采用Cox回归分析探讨大面积脑梗死介入取栓预后的影响因素。利用ROC曲线分析探讨YKL-40、Caspase-1水平及ASPECTS预测大面积脑梗死介入取栓预后的效能。结果死亡组患者年龄及梗死灶面积大于存活组,ASPECTS低于存活组(均P<0.001)。死亡组患者的血清YKL-40水平([141.37±12.40)μg/L vs.(115.05±11.40)μg/L]、Caspase-1水平([13.05±1.15)ng/L v s.(8.61±0.64)n g/L]均高于存活组(均P<0.001)。C ox回归分析结果显示,梗死灶面积大(HR 1.011,95%CI 1.001~1.022)、YKL-40水平高(HR 1.033,95%CI 1.001~1.066)、Caspase-1水平高(HR 1.576,95%CI 1.264~1.966)均是前循环大面积脑梗死介入取栓后死亡的独立危险因素,ASPECTS高(HR 0.887,95%CI 0.794~0.991)是前循环大面积脑梗死介入取栓后死亡的保护因素。ROC曲线分析结果显示,血清YKL-40、Caspase-1水平及ASPECTS联合预测前循环大面积脑梗死介入取栓后死亡的效能(AUC 0.940,95%CI 0.890~0.990)优于上述3项指标单独预测[AUC分别为0.869(95%CI 0.806~0.933)、0.897(95%CI 0.828~0.966)、0.724(95%CI 0.642~0.806)]。结论YKL-40、Caspase-1水平及ASPECTS均与前循环大面积脑梗死介入取栓患者预后密切相关,可作为患者预后的预测指标。

双源CT分析颈内动脉迂曲和斑块负荷对脑梗死发生率的影响

目的:通过双源CT分析颈内动脉迂曲程度与斑块负荷之间的相关性,并进一步研究颈内动脉迂曲与脑梗死形成的关系。方法:回顾性选取2021年12月至2022年12月在徐州医科大学附属连云港医院行头颈部CT血管造影(CTA)检查的106例颈内动脉迂曲患者,根据头颅MRI检查结果分为脑梗死组(53例)和无脑梗死组(53例)。比较两组的颈内动脉迂曲相关指标(迂曲指数、血管偏离度、血管迂曲度),斑块特征参数(斑块面积、血管面积、斑块负荷)。采用单因素分析和多因素分析,收集两组患者的年龄、性别、基础病史(如高血压、糖尿病、冠心病等)、生活习惯(如吸烟、饮酒)以及中风史等信息。临床生化检测指标包括甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、脂蛋白a以及同型半胱氨酸。探索影响斑块负荷和脑梗死的独立危险因素。通过皮尔逊相关分析检查患者颈内动脉迂曲指标与斑块负荷的相关性,以及颈内动脉迂曲与脑梗死形成的关系。通过受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估患者各指标对脑梗死的预测能力。结果:颈内动脉迂曲指数、血管偏离度、斑块负荷、斑块面积和颈动脉狭窄程度均与脑梗死呈显著正相关(r=0.310、0.203、0.345、0.320、0.292,P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,迂曲指数和斑块负荷预测脑梗死准确性的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.679和0.677;而联合指标(迂曲指数+斑块负荷)预测脑梗死的AUC值为0.806,显著高于单独使用单个指标(95%CI:0.722~0.89,P<0.001)。结论:颈内动脉迂曲患者的迂曲程度、斑块负荷与脑梗死形成之间存在显著相关性。将迂曲指数和斑块负荷结合使用可显著提高脑梗死的预测准确性。

脑转移瘤CT影像特点及误诊分析

目的分析脑转移瘤CT影像特点及误诊原因。方法回顾性分析2020至2022年收治的曾误诊的脑转移瘤3例患者的CT影像资料和临床资料。结果1例因头痛就诊,CT显示左侧额叶见一结节状强化病灶,初步诊断脑膜瘤,术后病理结果为乳腺癌脑转移瘤。1例因发热伴头痛就诊,CT显示右侧顶叶低密度区,周围有环形强化,初步诊断脑脓肿,抗感染治疗1周无效,经支气管镜和病理检查确诊为肺腺癌,结合头磁共振成像和全身CT检查结果确诊为肺癌脑转移瘤。1例因突然出现肢体无力就诊,CT显示右侧基底节区低密度影,初步诊断脑梗死,经5 d治疗无效且症状加重后复查磁共振成像确诊为肠癌脑转移瘤。误诊时间10~18 d。3例确诊后给予全脑放疗和靶向药物治疗或化疗,患者症状缓解或消失,随访1年,复查未见新转移灶出现。结论脑转移瘤的CT影像特征多样,易与其他颅内病变混淆,导致误诊;详细采集病史、结合多模态影像检查并提高医生的警惕性,可减少误诊。

CTA定量分析大脑中动脉闭塞性卒中斑块特征与侧支循环建立的关系

目的 采用CT血管造影(CTA)定量分析大脑中动脉(MCA)闭塞性卒中患者动脉斑块特征与侧支循环建立的关系。方法 选取2021年6月至2023年5月德阳市第二人民医院急诊入院的130例MCA闭塞性卒中患者,所有患者均接受CTA检查,定量分析患者动脉斑块特征,并评估侧支循环建立情况。然后将患者分为侧支循环不良组和侧支循环良好组,比较2组一般资料情况及动脉斑块特征。采用Logistic回归分析MCA闭塞性卒中患者侧支循环与动脉斑块特征主要参数的关系。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,检验动脉斑块特征主要参数对MCA闭塞性卒中患者侧支循环建立的评估价值。结果 130例患者均按要求完成CTA检查,其中侧支循环不良37例,侧支循环良好93例。侧支循环不良组斑块长度、斑块负荷、偏心指数、脂质成分体积均大于侧支循环良好组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。斑块负荷、偏心指数、脂质成分体积是MCA闭塞性卒中患者侧支循环建立的影响因素(P <0.05)。当MCA闭塞性卒中斑块负荷、偏心指数、脂质成分体积最佳截断值分别为38.295%、4.965、343.245 mm^(3)时,评估侧支循环的价值最高,曲线下面积均> 0.75 (P <0.05)。结论 MCA闭塞性卒中患者的侧支循环建立情况与斑块特征密切相关,尤其是斑块负荷、偏心指数及脂质成分体积。通过CTA定量分析这些斑块特征,可有效评估侧支循环的建立情况。