Birch Sap (<i>Betula alba</i>) and Chaga Mushroom (<i>Inonotus obliquus</i>) Extracts Show Anti-Oxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and DNA Protection/Repair Activity <i>In Vitro</i>

OBJECTIVE: The skin interacts strictly with the surrounding environment. Despite an efficient system of protection, its integrity is continuously assaulted by a massive group of external stresses. UV irradiations represent one of the most harmful factors for the cutaneous tissue. Both UV-A and UV-B can induce deep modifications of the different layers of the skin, including a weakening of its barrier function properties, DNA damages and degradation of the extracellular matrix. The aim of this project was to assess the UV protection activity of two natural compounds, the birch sap from Betula alba and organic extract from Inonotus obliquus (chaga mushroom) used separately or in a complex. METHODS: The anti-oxidant (ROS and MDA quantification, catalase and SOD activity measurement), anti-inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α and INF-γ dosages) and the DNA protection/repair activities (DNA lesion site analysis) of birch sap and chaga mushroom extracts tested separately or in a complex containing organic birch sap 5% and Inonotus obliquus extracts 2% were evaluated in vitro after exposure of cultured keratinocytes and fibroblasts or reconstructed epidermis to UV-A/UV-B irradiations. RESULTS: We observed that birch sap from Betula alba and extracts from Inonotus obliquus prevent the formation of ROS and decrease the oxidative stress induced under UV irradiations, suggesting a strong anti-oxidant activity. In addition, the tested products showed an immunomodulatory effect by reducing the quantity of pro-inflammatory cytokines upon UV irradiations. UV-induced DNA damages of keratinocytes were also reduced by birch sap and chaga mushroom extracts. CONCLUSION: Here, for the first time, we have shown the photo-protection activity of extracts obtained from Betula alba and Inonotus obliquus mushroom on skin cells exposed to UV-A and UV-B irradiations. Due to their anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and DNA protection/repair activities, the tested products represent promising candidates in the development of cosmetic products with anti-photo-aging activity.

Isolation of chemical compositions as dietary antioxidant supplements and neuroprotectants from Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus)

Excessive free radicals can cause oxidative stress (OS),which lead to neurodegenerative diseases (ND) are harmful to the human body.Therefore,it is necessary to explore dietary antioxidants and neuroprotectants from nutrient foods.Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus ) has been used as an important functional food in many countries for centuries.This present study was carried out to discover active compounds from I.obliquus and investigate the in vitro antioxidant activity and neuroprotective activity.Sixteen natural products including two new isocoumarins (1 –2 ),a new 8-O -4′-neolignan (3 ),a new cyclic diarylheptanoid (4 ),and twelve known compounds (5 –16 ) were separated from I.obliquus .Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses of high resolution electrospray mass spectrometry (HRESIMS),ultra violet (UV),and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).Among them,compounds 1 and 2 revealed remarkable antioxidant activities through the comprehensive analysis of DPPH,ABTS,and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods.Meanwhile,compound 1 demonstrated significant neuroprotective activity by increasing SH-SY5Y cells viability and preventing mitochondrial damage.Apart from that,electronic analyses were performed using the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO),and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) to analyze compound 1 .These results indicated that compound 1 had a significant implication for the search of natural raw material to prevent OS and nerve damage in the field of functional foods,and the isocoumarin fragment as well as an oxygenated cis double-bond might be the active sites to play prominent parts in antioxidant and neuroprotective activities of compound 1 .

桦树茸活性成分及药理活性研究进展

综述了桦树茸及其活性成分的药理活性,以期为桦树茸在新药研发、临床应用和质量控制上提供理论依据和参考价值。桦树茸生物活性广泛,具有抗病毒、抗炎、抑菌、抗凋亡、生发、止咳化痰、抗衰老、抗疲劳、保肝的功效。三萜类、甾体类、多酚类、芳香类及多糖类化合物等作为其有效化学成分,具有抑制肿瘤细胞增殖、清除自由基、降低血糖、调节免疫功能等药理作用。

白桦茸提取物对高血压大鼠血压的影响

目的观察白桦茸提取物对高血压的影响。方法选用自发性高血压大鼠24只,随机分为生理盐水组(生理盐水2mL/100g)、大剂量组(白桦茸提取物2mL/100g)、小剂量组(白桦茸提取物1mL/100g)、阳性对照组(复方丹参片0.0384g/100g),每组6只。按2mL/100g生理盐水(用药组将药物按剂量溶解在相应生理盐水中)灌胃给药,分别记录给药后30min、1h、2h、3h、4h血压。结果生理盐水组大鼠给药前、给药后血压变化不明显(P>0.05);其他各组收缩压、舒张压及平均动脉压均有不同程度的变化,大剂量组从给药后30min开始血压明显降低,3h降低到正常范围,4h后开始恢复(P均<0.05);小剂量组亦有同样效应但无大剂量组作用强(P<0.05);阳性对照组和小剂量组有相同的作用,组间无差异(P>0.05)。结论白桦茸提取物对自发性高血压大鼠的收缩压、舒张压及平均动脉压均有明显的降压作用,灌胃给药30min起效,其作用可维持4h以上,并且有剂量依赖关系;该药的降压作用与复方丹参片的降压作用类似。

一株长白山野生桦褐孔菌菌株的分离及菌丝生长特性研究

为研究采自长白山的桦褐孔菌菌丝的生长特性,采用单因素和L9(34)正交试验,以菌丝生物量为考察指标,优化桦褐孔菌菌丝的适宜培养基配方和培养条件。结果表明,桦褐孔菌菌丝适宜的培养基配方为蔗糖1%、蛋白胨1%、MgSO4 0.1%、KH2PO4 0.15%;培养温度为30℃,pH值为6.5。本研究为桦褐孔菌的后续液体和固体发酵及对其发酵产物的质量评价等研究提了供理论依据。