Assessment and Countermeasures of Ecological Civilization Construction in Changsha,Zhuzhou and Xiangtan

[Objective] The aim was to assess the ecological civilization construction in urban agglomeration composed of Changsha,Zhuzhou and Xiangtan synthetically.[Method] By means of analytic hierarchy process,the assessment system of ecological civilization in Changsha,Zhuzhou and Xiangtan was established firstly,and then the ecological civilization construction in Changsha,Zhuzhou and Xiangtan was evaluated comprehensively,and the existing problems and causes of ecological civilization construction were analyzed,finally the corresponding suggestions and countermeasures were put forward.[Result] For natural subsystem and social subsystem,the comprehensive scores of Changsha,Zhuzhou and Xiangtan were 0.143 and 0.214,and Changsha had the highest scores (0.150 and 0.221),and next came Xiangtan (0.142 and 0.219),while the scores were the lowest in Zhuzhou (0.136 and 0.213).From economic subsystem,the comprehensive score of urban agglomeration composed of Changsha,Zhuzhou and Xiangtan was 0.216,and the maximum score appeared in Changsha (0.247),Zhuzhou the second (0.201),while Xiangtan owned the lowest score (0.197).In cultural subsystem,the comprehensive score of urban agglomeration was only 0.078 which was the lowest score among four subsystems,and it was related to its low weight.In addition,the scores of Changsha and Xiangtan took the first place (0.079),while it was lower in Zhuzhou (0.077).[Conclusion] The ecological civilization construction in Changsha,Zhuzhou and Xiangtan persisted at a higher level and developed well on the whole.

The Land Management Pattern in " Green Heart" Area——A Case Study of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration

By analyzing the status quo of land resources in " green heart" area of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration,and problems existing in land management,this article puts forward some countermeasures and proposals as follows:establish new land management mechanism in " green heart" area;based on land planning," green heart" overall planning and policies and regulations,manage land and promote the protection of urban ecological environment.

Dynamic Evaluation of Rationality of Land Use Structure in the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Area

The rationality of land use structure was evaluated with dynamic TOPSIS method based on changing data of land use from 2008 to 2011 in the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan area. The results showed that during 2008- 2011,the rationality of land use structure was totally high,the dynamic value hi of Changsha,Zhuzhou,Xiangtan and the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan area was 0. 7954,0. 7821,0. 8245 and0. 8186,respectively; the value Ci( tk) reflecting the rationality of land use structure at different time points was rapidly increased,and the gap between regions was not big and shrinking. According to the grey relational analysis,the change of different land use types had different effects on the rationality of land use structure: transportation land,the land for cities,towns and villages and the land for mining and industry are most highly correlated with the rationality of land use structure,while arable land,woodland,water area and water conservancy facility land have also an important impact on the rationality of land use structure; controlling the excessive growth of transportation land,the land for cities,towns and villages and the land for mining and industry,protecting arable land,forest land,water area and water conservancy facility land,and moderately increasing the garden plot,plays a decisive role in optimizing the land use structure in the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan area.

Spatial Pattern Evolution and Casual Analysis of County Level Economy in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration, China

In order to evaluate whether or not the county units′ economy in the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan(Chang-Zhu-Tan) Urban Agglomeration was growing as expected, this study analyzed the spatial economy pattern at county-level by using the Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis(ESDA) method. In this process, the global Moran′s I and local Getis-Ord G*i indexes were employed to analyze indicators including per capita GDP and three industrials(i.e. primary, secondary and tertiary industry) from 2000 to 2010. The results show that: 1) the county units′ economy in the Chang-Zhu-Tan Urban Agglomeration has exhibited a strong spatial autocorrelation and an accelerated integration trend since 2008(Moran′ s I increased from 0.26 to 0.56); 2) there is a significant difference in economy development between the northern and southern county units in the Chang-Zhu-Tan Urban Agglomeration: the hotspot zone with high economic level was formed among the northern county units whereas the coldspot zone with low economic level was located in the southern areas. This difference was caused primarily by the increasingly prominent economic radiation effect of Changsha ′upheaval′; 3) town density, secondary industry, and the integration policy are the major contributors driving the evolution of the spatial economy pattern in the Chang-Zhu-Tan Urban Agglomeration.

Spatiotemporal Measurement of Regional Expansion in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Metropolitan Area Based on Nighttime Light Data

The research purpose is to accurately reveal the temporal and spatial law of the urban expansion of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan, one of the seven major urban agglomeration areas in China, and provide decision-making basis for the future urban construction land layout and regional development policy-making. Based on the night lighting data (DMSP/OLS), this paper extracts the boundary of the urban construction land of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration from 1993 to 2017, and quantitatively studies the spatial and temporal characteristics of the expansion of the metropolitan area in the past 25 years according to the methods of spatial expansion analysis, center of gravity migration measurement, landscape pattern index, spatial autocorrelation, etc. The results show that: 1) it is scientific and feasible to extract urban agglomeration construction land by the method of auxiliary data comparison for the study of urban expansion;2) the expansion of regional space in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan metropolitan area shows a trend of “weakening first and strengthening later”. The construction land keeps increasing, and the expansion form gradually changes from extensive type to intensive type;3) the center of gravity of the metropolitan area fluctuated and repeated in part during the past 25 years, but it was always located in the municipal district of Changsha city. The eastern region, mainly Changsha city, was still the core area of urban agglomeration expansion;4) strengthening the territorial space protection and control of ecological green core in the metropolitan area is a key measure for the high-quality development of urban agglomeration.

Study on the Collaborative Governance Mechanism of Ecological Environment in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Region under the Green Development Perspective

Natural resources and the environment,environmental capacity of China has been approaching the red alert,and long-term accumulation of ecological debt needs to be solved. The transformation of economic development mode and green economic development path are inevitable choices. The complexity and the pressureof the ecological environment governance force Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan region to change the ecological governance method. The " government-market-society" is taken as the overall framework,to build a diversified body of eco-environment collaborative governance platform. Through collaborative governance among governments,government-market collaborative governance and government-society collaborative governance,ecological capital stock is improvedin the quantity and quality,thus contributing to benigndevelopment of regional economy and society.

Effects of Comprehensive High-speed Transportation Hubs on Spatial Structure of Urban Development:A Case Study on Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Area

This paper, by studying the mechanism of the spatial restructuring of urban development and the effects of comprehensive high-speed transportation hubs on it, analyzes the development trends of comprehensive high-speed transportation in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Area and the impacts of the growing urban area centered on comprehensive high-speed transportation hubs, like airport and high-speed railway station, on the urban development of this area. It also proposes some strategies for the spatial restructuring of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Area in view of the development of the comprehensive high-speed transportation hubs, like Huanghua Airport and Wuhan-Guangzhou High-speed Railway Station.

城市群规划实施效果评估研究——以长株潭城市群为例

长株潭城市群经济发展对于湖南省以及中国中西部地区的发展至关重要,且该城市群规划实施的效果对其他城市群有重要借鉴意义。基于此,文章根据2000-2017年地级市面板数据,采用合成控制法,评估长株潭城市群规划实施后对城镇化和环境质量的影响。评估分析表明,长株潭城市群规划的实施推动了城市群城乡融合,在一定程度上促进了城镇化的进程,但对环境造成了一定的负面影响,其原因在于长株潭城市群内城市之间的非均衡发展。因此,城市群应着眼于制定合理规划,促进城市均衡发展,重点落实城乡融合和生态文明;各级政府应加强公共治理,强化监督和治理责任,以更好地实现城市群规划的既定目标。

中国城市群突破性创新能力分析——基于环长株潭城市群的实证

为助推以长沙为核心的环长株潭城市群全球研发中心城市建设,选取环长株潭城市群2010—2021年的发展数据,从突破性创新支持、创新管理、创新投入、创新产出和创新环境等5个维度构建城市群突破性创新能力SMIOE评价模型,采用信息贡献率分析法,遴选确定17个核心评价指标,使用“交叉熵权-TOPSIS”法测算环长株潭城市群的突破性创新能力指数。研究结果发现,SMIOE评价模型能客观反映城市群突破性创新能力的真实水平,环长株潭城市群突破性创新能力总体不均匀、发展水平较低,除长沙、株洲、衡阳外,2010—2021年间,其他5个城市指数分别呈“M”型和倒“V”型下降;突破性创新能力较高的城市主要集中于湖南东北部。最后基于研究结论,从树立全域创新、协同创新和重点创新等3个方面理念,提出环长株潭城市群突破性创新能力的发展建议,为促进环长株潭城市群创新群落早日提供参考。

长株潭绿心地区产业绿色转型发展策略

长株潭绿心地区是绿色转型发展的重要战略地区,其转型发展是一个系统性整体,发展模式具有复杂的多元属性,需要因地制宜差异化选择绿心转型发展途径。长株潭绿心依托系列上位规划有序推进产业转型发展,初步形成了绿色产业发展基础。针对现存的区域协调联动不足、产业发展机制薄弱、产业项目落地难等问题,研究探索多主体、多空间、多内容的整体性转型路径:以保值增值为根本遵循,推进实现绿心生态增值、服务增值、资产增值及生活品质增值,打造可持续的绿心地区“4+N”的绿色低碳产业生态圈;建立更具包容度和功能适应弹性的弹性空间管控机制,优化形成绿心地区绿色产业发展名录,确保产业清单的协同性;通过统筹横向和纵向两大产业融合维度,发挥一三产业融合发展的乘数效应,推动空间生态产业绿色化;构建嵌入式链接发展和飞地式链接发展的创新网络,提升绿心创新竞争力,支撑区域产业经济生态化。总体通过建立更深层次的区域合作机制,保障绿心地区产业升级转型,推动长株潭绿心地区绿色转型发展。

全域空间治理视角下长株潭绿心中央公园风貌管控探索

城乡风貌管控是促进城乡高质量发展的有效手段。本文以《长株潭绿心中央公园建设风貌管控导则》为例,基于当前国土空间规划背景下全域全要素的空间治理目标,面对长株潭绿心中央公园风貌管控传导路径不畅、城乡统筹不足、管控措施乏力等治理困境,构建了技术体系、传导路径和衔接机制3个层面的长株潭绿心中央公园风貌管控体系,并通过导控结合的方式,提出长株潭绿心中央公园全域风貌管控治理优化路径,以期能为我国全域风貌管控体系的系统构建提供有益参考。

基于空间模拟的都市圈旅游景区综合交通可达性分析——以长株潭都市圈为例

综合交通可达性对当代都市圈的旅游景区服务质量和游客体验有重要作用。文章以长株潭都市圈为例,通过空间数据库构建、出发点玫瑰图构建、交通分担率测算、交通接驳时间计算、交通方式可达性分析、景区综合交通可达性结构分析等空间模拟步骤,深入归纳其旅游景区综合交通可达性的空间分布特征及问题。结果表明:长株潭都市圈中旅游景区综合交通可达性的空间分布呈现出由中心城区向边缘区域的“低-高-低”趋势。旅游景区对高速公路依赖显著,轨道交通作用发挥不足,各类交通之间接驳不畅,部分景区入口设计存在问题。文章据此提出宏观交通规划、中观交通组织、微观交通设计3方面的优化措施。文章通过对旅游交通的前端、中端、末端环节全过程分析,构建都市圈旅游景区综合交通可达性的研究框架。在交旅融合背景下,对于优化都市圈的旅游交通系统具有规划和管理的启发作用。

基于Markov-PLUS模型的长株潭城市群建设用地扩张模拟及碳排放响应分析

在双碳目标和新型城镇化背景下,保证经济平稳增长的同时减少碳排放是实现城市高质量发展的重要任务之一,更是长沙、株洲、湘潭等国家低碳试点城市重点建设目标之一。因此以长株潭城市群中用地变化和碳排放最为剧烈的中心城区作为研究区域,在现状分析的基础上运用Markov-PLUS耦合模型和碳排放响应模型,模拟了自然状态发展情景、耕地保护发展情景、生态保护发展情景和绿色低碳发展情景下建设用地扩张及碳排放响应情况。结果表明:①2000—2020长株潭城市群建设用地面积呈现阶段性的波动增长趋势,耕地和林地是其主要来源,扩张强度在2010—2015年最大,主要集中在城市群中心区域;碳排放量呈现倒“V”型曲线,可以划分为碳排放量快速上升阶段(2000—2005年)和碳排放量下降阶段(2005—2020年),以2010年为节点,下降幅度先增加后减缓;二者之间存在较为密切的正相关关系,整体表现为建设用地面积增加(减少)碳排放随之增加(减少)的较强扩张与较高排放模式。②Markov-PLUS模拟结果显示,长株潭城市群建设用地在自然状态发展情景下扩张面积最大(235.9503km^(2)),在生态保护发展情景下扩张面积最小(200.6354km^(2));绿色低碳发展情景下建设用地扩张所占用的生态碳汇面积相对较少(169.78km^(2)),占未利用地相比其他情景较多(1.20km^(2)),扩张分布较为合理,带来的生态环境压力和碳排放压力较小,既有利于生态环境保护也有利于社会经济发展。③碳排放响应结果显示,在不同情景下长株潭城市群各区县的碳排放对建设用地扩张均表现出一定的敏感性,综合建设用地扩张与碳排放响应结果,绿色低碳发展情景是长株潭城市群未来的较优发展模式。

多维要素流视角下环长株潭城市群空间网络结构特征

城市群空间网络结构特征分析有助于解析城市发展驱动力,减弱城市极化现象,本研究运用修正的引力模型、多维网络度量模型和隶属度模型测定环长株潭城市群内外部空间网络联系强度,分析其网络特征与作用方向,利用社会网络分析法研究城市群空间格局与板块效应。结果表明:(1)内外部总体多维要素网络表现相对一致,联系强度以长沙为中心逐渐向外圈降低。(2)在省内要素网络中,长沙市“一城独大”态势明显;在省际网络中,岳阳市在多维要素网络中表现突出,与武汉都市圈联系密切。(3)环长株潭城市群点度中心度内外部网络差异大,整体网络中介水平低,不利于吸引外部要素交流。其内部综合联系空间网络分为4个凝聚子群,外部综合网络仅分为2个凝聚子群。表明环长株潭城市群仍是以内部联系为主,对外连通性较弱。

基于Landsat TM图像的长株潭城市群地表温度遥感反演

陆地表面温度(LST)是地表能量平衡中的一个非常重要的参数,它在地表与大气相互作用过程中起着重要的作用.在总结和分析当前常用的地表温度反演算法后,根据收集到的1993年8月25日TM的资料,采用单通道算法反演长株潭城市群地表温度(LST),利用卫星过境当天观测的平均温度对反演结果进行验证,误差小于1℃,可以满足大多数应用的精度要求.地表温度反演结果表明:反演结果与实际相吻合,平均温度为27℃;反演温度大小依次是城镇用地高于自然植被,自然植被高于水体;地表温度由城镇中心向外呈现逐渐降低的趋势,长沙、株洲和湘潭市城区温度明显比其它地区高.

长株潭都市圈“三生空间”用地转型及生态环境效应

在构建“三生空间”用地类型划分体系的基础上综合运用土地用地转移矩阵、生态环境质量指数及土地利用转型生态贡献率等方法,定量分析2000—2020年长株潭都市圈“三生空间”用地的转型特征及其生态环境效应。结果表明,2000—2020年,长株潭都市圈“三生空间”用地中生态用地为主要用地类型,生活用地和生产用地数量动态变化幅度大;从“三生空间”用地转型结构来看,以农业生产用地和林地生态用地的相互转化为主导,同时农业生产用地和林地生态用地大量转为工矿生产用地和城镇生活用地;长株潭都市圈生态环境质量总体呈逐渐减缓的下降趋势,其中2005—2010年恶化程度最突出,研究期内低质量区和较低质量区不断扩张;影响生态环境改变的主导因素是农业生产用地和林地生态用地的相互转换以及城镇生活用地和工矿生产用地的对外扩展侵占了大量的林地生态用地。

长株潭城市群人类活动强度与生态系统服务价值空间关系

选取长株潭城市群为研究对象,以遥感影像、地理统计、交通路网等多源数据为基础数据源,构建人类足迹指数模型、生态系统服务价值修正模型和流向损益模型测度1990~2020年人类活动强度和生态系统服务价值的时空演化特征,并在此基础上综合运用地理探测器和双变量空间自相关模型,探究人类活动强度与生态系统服务价值的空间关系,揭示人类活动强度对生态系统服务价值的深刻影响.结果表明:近30a来长株潭城市群人类活动强度持续上升,增长率为33.33%,整体呈以主城区为中心向外围递减的圈层式空间演变特征.1990~2020年生态系统服务价值呈速率为1.38×10^(8)元/a缓慢下降的趋势,空间上呈现出“边缘区较高,核心区较低”的分布格局,林地转建设用地和耕地是价值量损失的主要原因.因子探测人类活动强度q值由0.348增至0.394,较好地解释了生态系统服务价值空间分异现象,风险探测发现随着人类活动强度的增强,生态系统服务价值总体呈下降趋势,其中生态系统文化服务价值在人类活动强度异常范围0.3~0.7内保持平衡.研究时段内Moran's I从-0.363变化为-0.491,人类活动强度与生态系统服务价值存在显著的负相关关系,且负向效应加剧,高-低聚类区主要分布在北部的中心城区,低-高聚类区主要分布于研究区边缘海拔较高的森林山脉密集地.

基于PLUS模型的长株潭都市圈景观生态风险动态分析

基于土地利用数据和景观生态风险评价模型,分析2000—2020年长株潭都市圈景观生态风险时空演变特征,结合PLUS模型科学预测自然发展情景和生态保护情景下2030年长株潭都市圈的景观生态风险空间分布格局。结果表明:①2000—2020年长株潭都市圈景观生态风险呈现北高南低、西高东低的空间分布特征,较低和中等生态风险区域总面积占比大于60%,生态风险加剧区域面积不到生态风险降低区域面积的1%,整体表现出高等级生态风险区向低等级生态风险区转移的特征;②研究区景观生态风险表现出较强的空间集聚特征,高—高集聚区主要分布在宁乡市、望城区、渌口区、雨花区和长沙县,低—低集聚区主要分布在研究区边界;③相比自然发展情景,生态保护情景下生态用地减少速率变缓,有助于缓解研究区生态风险,有利于构建和谐有序的生态安全格局。

基于Landsat8数据的城市群热岛效应分析——长株潭城市群为例

本文利用Landsat8数据,采用普适性单通道法反演了长株潭城市群2013?2014年多季节的地表温度,运用多端元混合像元分解技术提取地表组分丰度信息,定量分析了土地覆盖类型对于城市群热岛效应的影响。研究发现:从初夏到夏末热岛效应先增强后减弱,在盛夏极高温区面积比率达到最高的3.0%,热岛效应程度最强且范围最广,而冬季热岛效应相对而言最不显著;在相同的气候条件下,植被的丰度与地表温度呈负相关,具有降温效应,不透水表面的丰度与地表温度呈正相关,导致城市增温;在不同季节,不透水表面丰度对地表温度贡献均为正,二者相关系数在0.87以上,这种贡献作用在盛夏季节最为强烈。城市化进程中不透水表面的面积与密度增长,是热岛效应产生的关键因素之一。

长株潭城市群生态绿心地区人类活动强度空间分异特征与影响因素研究

人类活动既是促进自然保护地社会经济发展的主要动力,又是自然保护地生态质量下降与生态功能丧失的重要驱动因素。深入研究自然保护地人类活动强度空间分异特征,阐明其驱动因素对实现自然保护地有效规划管理具有重要意义。本文以长株潭城市群生态绿心地区为例,采用建设用地当量系数折算方法量化人类活动强度,揭示其空间分异特征,从自然环境和社会经济两方面阐明人类活动强度空间异质性的驱动因素。结果显示:(1)长株潭城市群生态绿心地区人类活动强度空间差异明显,呈现“西高中低”的格局。(2)交通便利性、用地混合度、植被覆盖度是影响该区域人类活动强度的主要因素。本研究结果可为长株潭城市群生态绿心地区国土资源可持续发展规划与管理提供科学依据。