On detecting primary user emulation attack using channel impulse response in the cognitive radio network

Cognitive radio is an effective technology to alleviate the spectrum resource scarcity problem by opportunistically allocating the spare spectrum to unauthorized users. However, a serious denial-of-service(DoS) attack,named the ‘primary user emulation attack(PUEA)', exists in the network to deteriorate the system performance. In this paper, we propose a PUEA detection method that exploits the radio channel information to detect the PUEA in the cognitive radio network. In the proposed method, the uniqueness of the channel impulse response(CIR) between the secondary user(SU) and the signal source is used to determine whether the received signal is transmitted by the primary user(PU) or the primary user emulator(PUE). The closed-form expressions for the false-alarm probability and the detection probability of the proposed PUEA detection method are derived. In addition, a modified subspace-based blind channel estimation method is presented to estimate the CIR, in order for the proposed PUEA detection method to work in the scenario where the SU has no prior knowledge about the structure and content of the PU signal. Numerical results show that the proposed PUEA detection method performs well although the difference in channel characteristics between the PU and PUE is small.

Equivalent Time-Domain Representation and Uplink Channel Estimator for Multicarrier CDMA Systems

Many blind channel estimation methods have been proposed for direct sequence (DS) code-division multiple access (CDMA) systems, so we can certainly use them to estimate the finite impulse response (FIR) channel for the multi-carrier (MC-) CDMA system. In this paper, the MC-CDMA system is interpreted as an equivalent time-domain DS-CD-MA system with specific spreading codes. Then, an equivalently time-domain blind channel estimator is derived for the uplink MC-CDMA, which is based on second-order statistics of the received data. By exploiting singular value decomposition (SVD) and the finite alphabet property of transmitted symbols, the time-domain channel impulse response (CIR) for the uplink MC-CDMA can be accurately identified. Computer simulations illustrate both the validity and the overall performance of the proposed estimator.

Simulation and Analysis of Typical Mobile Radio Channels

In this paper, the bit error rate (BER) performance for typical mobile radio channels is simulated and analyzed based on a tapped delay line model. The investigation is focused on the propagation environments determined by the average delay profile and the Doppler spectra. The profile characteristics and their influences on channel behavior are also examined.

浅水声学通信中的多路径几何信道模型

Using the underwater acoustic channel(UWA)for information dissemination requires a high data rate.However,some phenomena like refraction,reflection,phase shift,and high attenuation are undesirably apparent when the subject of using UWA is raised.Accordingly,sound communication would be a highly challenging task to be accomplished.Therefore,proposing a model of acoustic underwater communication channels is critical because of the multipath interference originating from the surface and bottom of the ocean.In this contribution,a straightforward geometry channel model for vertical and horizontal marine communications is presented.To do so,transmission loss and channel impulse response are analyzed as a function of transmitter and receiver distance,water depth,and reflection rate.The results of the model proposed in this paper are in very good agreement with those available in the literature.Initial findings indicate that the delay spread of horizontal communication with a 1000 m range reaches79 ms and 0.3 s for 30 m vertical communication.

Characteristic of Line-of-Sight in Infrastructure-to-Vehicle Visible Light Communication Using MIMO Technique

Visible Light Communication(VLC)technology is aggressive research for the next generation of communication.Currently,Radio Frequency(RF)communication has crowed spectrum.An Intelligent Transportation System(ITS)has been improved in the communication network for Vehicle-to-Vehicle(V2 V),Vehicle-to-Infrastructure(V2I),and Infrastructure-to-Vehicle(I2V)by using the visible light spectrum instead of the RF spectrum.This article studies the characterization of Line-of-Sight(LOS)optical performance in an Outdoor Wireless Visible Light Communication(OWVLC)system employing a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output(MIMO)technique for I2V communications in ITS regulations.We design the new configuration of the OWVLC-I2V system,which is an alternative approach to communication for I2V system at nighttime.The results show the Channel Impulse Response(CIR)of the LOS links in visible light communication for I2V system in ITS by investigating the receiver on the vehicle moving along the coverage communication area.Furthermore,the OWVLC-I2V system using the MIMO technique depicts the performance of throughput and Bit Error Rate(BER)vs.vehicle speed while the vehicle passes a street light.

Joint DOA and channel estimation with data detection based on 2D unitary ESPRIT in massive MIMO systems

We propose a novel method for joint two-dimensional (2D) direction-of-arrival (DOA) and channel estimation with data detection for uniform rectangular arrays (URAs) for the massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. The conventional DOA estimation algorithms usually assume that the channel impulse responses are known exactly. However, the large number of antennas in a massive MIMO system can lead to a challenge in estimating accurate corresponding channel impulse responses. In contrast, a joint DOA and channel estimation scheme is proposed, which first estimates the channel impulse responses for the links between the transmitters and antenna elements using training sequences. After that, the DOAs of the waves are estimated based on a unitary ESPRIT algorithm using previous channel impulse response estimates instead of accurate channel impulse responses and then, the enhanced channel impulse response estimates can be obtained. The proposed estimator enjoys closedform expressions, and thus it bypasses the search and pairing processes. In addition, a low-complexity approach toward data detection is presented by reducing the dimension of the inversion matrix in massive MIMO systems.Different cases for the proposed method are analyzed by changing the number of antennas. Experimental results demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.

High-resolution cross-estimation channel modelling method and experimental results on broadband mobile communication in urban rich-scattering environment

For the IMT-advanced broadband mobile communication systems, an accurate broadband channel model is significant to the system design. However, the broadband channel impulse response （CIR） becomes sensitive to the complex propagation impacts of both specular path and diffuse dense path in a rich-scattering environment. We propose a cross-estimation （CE）-based channel modeling method by which the dense diffusion components can be identified independently and separated successfully from the overall ClR. As a result, the parameter estimation accuracy can be obviously improved, regardless of the complex diffusion impact in a rich scattering environment. Both theoretical derivation and experimental results are given to validate it based on the typical broadband channel measurement with 100 MHz bandwidth at 2.6 GHz in an urban hotspot scenario in Shanghai.