Characteristics of gravity and magnetic fields and deep structural responses in the southern part of the Kyushu-Palau Ridge

The southern part of the Kyushu-Palau Ridge(KPR)is located at the conjunction of the West Philippine Basin,the Parece Vela Basin,the Palau Basin,and the Caroline Basin.This area has extremely complex structures and is critical for the research on the tectonic evolution of marginal seas in the Western Pacific Ocean.However,only few studies have been completed on the southern part,and the geophysical fields and deep structures in this part are not well understood.Given this,this study finely depicts the characteristics of the gravity and magnetic anomalies and extracts information on deep structures in the southern part of the KPR based on the gravity and magnetic data obtained from the 11th expedition of the deep-sea geological survey of the Western Pacific Ocean conducted by the Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey,China Geological Survey using the R/V Haiyangdizhi 6.Furthermore,with the data collected on the water depth,sediment thickness,and multichannel seismic transects as constraints,a 3D density model and Moho depths of the study area were obtained using 3D density inversion.The results are as follows.(1)The gravity and magnetic anomalies in the study area show distinct zoning and segmentation.In detail,the gravity and magnetic anomalies to the south of 11°N of the KPR transition from high-amplitude continuous linear positive anomalies into low-amplitude intermittent linear positive anomalies.In contrast,the gravity and magnetic anomalies to the north of 11°N of the KPR are discontinuous and show alternating positive and negative anomalies.These anomalies can be divided into four sections,of which the separation points correspond well to the locations of deep faults,thus,revealing different field-source attributes and tectonic genesis of the KPR.(2)The Moho depth in the basins in the study area is 6-12 km.The Moho depth in the southern part of KPR show segmentation.Specifically,the depth is 10‒12 km to the north of 11°N,12‒14 km from 9.5°N to 11°N,14-16 km from 8.5°N to 9.5°N,and 16‒25 km in the Palau Islands.(3)The KPR is a remnant intra-oceanic arc with the oceanic-crust basement.which shows noticeably discontinuous from north to south in geological structure and is intersected by NEE-trending lithospheric-scale deep faults.With large and deep faults F3 and F1(the Mindanao fault)as boundaries overall,the southern part of the KPR can be divided into three zones.In detail,the portion to the south of 8.5°N(F3)is a tectonically active zone,the KPR portion between 8.5°N and 11°N is a tectonically active transition zone,and the portion to the north of 11°N is a tectonically inactive zone.(4)The oceanic crust in the KPR is slightly thicker than that in the basins on both sides of the ridge,and it is inferred that the KPR formed from the thickening of the oceanic crust induced by the upwelling of deep magma in the process of rifting of remnant arcs during the Middle Oligocene.In addition,it is inferred that the thick oceanic crust under the Palau Islands is related to the constant upwelling of deep magma induced by the continuous northwestward subduction of the Caroline Plate toward the Palau Trench since the Late Oligocene.This study provides a scientific basis for systematically understanding the crustal attributes,deep structures,and evolution of the KPR.

Structural characteristics of the KPR-CBR triple-junction inferred from gravity and magnetic interpretations,Philippine Sea Plate

The intersection of the Kyushu-Palau Ridge(KPR)and the Central Basin Rift(CBR)of the West Philippine Basin(WPB)is a relic of a trench-trench-rift(TTR)type triple-junction,which preserves some pivotal information on the cessation of the seafloor spreading of the WPB,the emplacement and disintegration of the proto-Izu-Bonin-Mariana(IBM)Arc,and the transition from initial rifting to steady-state spreading of the Parece Vela Basin(PVB).However,the structural characteristics of this triple-junction have not been thoroughly understood.In this paper,using the newly acquired multi-beam bathymetric,gravity,and magnetic data obtained by the Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology,China Geological Survey,the authors depict the topographic,gravity,and magnetic characteristics of the triple-junction and adjacent region.Calculations including the upward continuations and total horizontal derivatives of gravity anomaly are also performed to highlight the major structural features and discontinuities.Based on these works,the morphological and structural features and their formation mechanisms are analyzed.The results show that the last episode amagmatic extension along the CBR led to the formation of a deep rift valley,which extends eastward and incised the KPR.The morphological and structural fabrics of the KPR near and to the south of the triple-junction are consistent with those of the western PVB,manifesting as a series of NNE-SSW-and N-S-trending ridges and troughs,which were produced by the extensional faults associated with the initial rifting of the PVB.The superposition of the above two reasons induced the prominent discontinuity of the KPR in deep and shallow crustal structures between 15°N‒15°30′N and 13°30′N‒14°N.Combined with previous authors’results,we propose that the stress produced by the early spreading of the PVB transmitted westward and promoted the final stage amagmatic extension of the CBR.The eastward propagation of the CBR destroyed the KPR,of which the magmatism had decayed or ceased at that time.The destruction mechanism of the KPR associated with the rifting of the PVB varies along strike the KPR.Adjacent to the triple-junction,the KPR was destroyed mainly due to the oblique intersection of the PVB rifting center.Whereas south of the triple-junction,the KPR was destroyed by the E-W-directional extensional faulting on its whole width.

On the Tectonic Problems of the Southern East China Sea and Adjacent Regions:Evidence from Gravity and Magnetic Data

In this paper, two sets of gravity and magnetic data were used to study the tectonics of the southern East China Sea and Ryukyu trench-arc system： one data set was from the ＇Geological-geophysical map series of China Seas and adjacent areas＇ database and the other was newly collected by R/VKexue Ⅲ in 2011. Magnetic and gravity data were reorganized and processed using the software MMDP, MGDP and RGIS. In addition to the description of the anomaly patterns in different areas, deep and shallow structure studies were performed by using several kinds of calculation, including a spectrum analysis, upward-continuation of the Bouguer anomaly and horizontal derivatives of the total-field magnetic anomaly. The depth of the Moho and magnetic basement were calculated. Based on the above work, several controversial tectonic problems were discussed. Compared to the shelf area and Ryukyu Arc, the Okinawa Trough has an obviously thinned crust, with the thinnest area having thickness less than 14km in the southern part. The Taiwan-Sinzi belt, which terminates to the south by the NW-SE trending Miyako fault belt, contains the relic volcanic arc formed by the splitting of the paleo Ryukyu volcanic arc as a result of the opening of the Okinawa Trough. As an important tectonic boundary, the strike-slip type Miyako fault belt extends northwestward into the shelf area and consists of several discontinuous segments. A forearc terrace composed of an exotic terrane collided with the Ryukyu Arc following the subduction of the Philippine Sea Plate. Mesozoic strata of varying thicknesses exist beneath the Cenozoic strata in the shelf basin and significantly influence the magnetic pattern of this area. The gravity and magnetic data support the existence of a Great East China Sea, which suggests that the entire southern East China Sea shelf area was a basin in the Mesozoic without alternatively arranged uplifts and depressions, and might have extended southwestward and connected with the northern South China Sea shelf basin.

Evaluation and extraction of weak gravity and magnetic anomalies

In this paper, I introduce what are called weak gravity and magnetic anomalies and propose standards for estimating their reliability. I also introduce new techniques for processing this kind of weak anomaly. These techniques consist of interference elimination and weak signal extraction. Practical applications have proved their effectiveness, Weak gravity and magnetic anomalies will get more attention with the development of targeted exploration.

Integrated gravity and magnetic study on patterns of petroleum basin occurrence in the China seas and adjacent areas

The China seas and adjacent areas contain numerous petroleum basins.One of the main challenges for future oil and gas exploration is to identify the inherent patterns of petroleum basin distribution.The formation and evolution of petroleum basins along with the migration and accumulation of oil and gas are often closely related to the tectonic environment.The gravity and magnetic fields with high lateral resolution and wide coverage provide important data for regional tectonic research.Based on the gravity data in the Global Satellite Gravity Anomaly Database(V31.1)and magnetic data from the Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid(2-arc-minute resolution)(V2),this study uses integrated gravity and magnetic field technique to obtain integrated gravity and magnetic field result for the China seas and adjacent areas,and then adopts the normalized vertical derivative of the total horizontal derivative technique to conduct partition.Finally,it identifies the relationship between the partition characteristics and tectonics as well as the patterns of petroleum basin occurrence.The research shows that the partition of gravity and magnetic field integrated result has a good correlation with the Neo-Cathaysian tectonic system and tectonic units.The petroleum basins are characterized according to three blocks arranged from north to south and four zones arranged from east to west.The north-south block structure causes the uneven distribution of oil and gas resources in the mainland area and the differences in the hydrocarbon-bearing strata.Petroleum basins are more abundant in the north than in the south.The ages of the main oil-and gas-bearing strata are“Paleozoic–Mesozoic,Paleozoic–Mesozoic–Cenozoic,and Paleozoic–Mesozoic”,in order from north to south.The difference in the overall type of oil and gas resources in all basins is controlled by the east–west zonation.From east to west,the oil and gas resource type exhibits a wave-like pattern of“oil and gas,gas,oil and gas,gas”.The vertical distribution is characterized by an upper oil(Mesozoic–Cenozoic)and lower gas(Mesozoic–Paleozoic)structure.Within the study area,the Paleozoic marine strata should be the main strata of future natural gas exploration.

Rock magnetic property of gravity core CSH1 from the northern Okinawa Trough and the effect of early diagenesis

Detailed rock magnetic investigations were undertaken at 2 -4 cm interval for the gravity core CSHI （with a length of 17.36 m） from the northern Okinawa Trough. Time-scale of the core was constructed by two characteristic tephras and foraminferal assemblages, indicating an age of 50 ka for the bottom of the core. Except for three tephras and abrupt decrease in surface, there are little changes in all kinds of rock magnetic parameters that can be correlated to the climate change for the last 50 ka. Different from the common sediments, most S-ratios （S equals the negative ratio of IRM-0.3T to SIRM, which is an indicator of low coercivity content） of the sediments are smaller than 0. 9, which implies a substantial amount of magnetic minerals with high coercivity. The existence of iron sulphide （ greigite or pyrrhotite） is revealed by representative susceptibility - temperature curves showing 200 350 ℃ Curie temperature in addition to 580 ℃ of magnetite, and also by awful smell during heating and dark heating products. Both the occurrence of authigenic iron sulphide and quick decrease of magnetic parameters near the surface clearly show that sediments from Core CSHI have undergone early diagenesis. The featureless magnetic changes of the whole core except for three tephras mean that the post-depositonal alteration is so strong that most original signals have been destroyed. For the same reason, the organic matter in sediment and sulphate in pore water must have been consumed along with dissolution, precipitation of iron and manganese happening sequencially during the redox reaction series. Great caution must be taken when using these altered chemical parameters for the interpretation of climatic changes.

Simultaneous Modelling of Gravity and Magnetic Data in a Measured Heat Flux Area to Characterize Geothermal Heat Sources: A Case for Eburru Geothermal Complex, Kenya

Forward modelling of gravity and magnetic data was done simultaneously to show the correlation between gravity and magnetic anomalies on a measured heat flux region. The results were used to characterize the heat source structures in Eburru area. Modelling was done using Oasis montaj geosoft software which is an iteration process where the gravity and magnetic anomalies were calculated and compared to the observed residual anomaly until there was a fit. The start model was constructed based on depths from Euler deconvolution and models constrained using stratigraphy data from the existing wells in the study area. Forward modelling of gravity and magnetic data revealed intrusions within the Earth’s subsurface with depth to the top of the sources ranging from 739 m to 5811 m. The density of the sources ranges between 3.0 g/cm3 and 3.2 g/cm3 while their magnetic susceptibility was zero. This implies that intrusions from the mantle with a magnetic susceptibility of zero have temperatures exceeding the curie temperature of rocks. The density of the intrusions modelled was higher than 2.67 g/cm3, the average crustal density, hence it explains the observed positive gravity anomaly. The results also revealed that areas with high heat flux have shallow heat sources and if the heat sources are deep, then there must be a good heat transfer mechanism to the surface.

Combined analysis of gravity and magnetic anomalies using normalized source strength

The traditional combined gravity and magnetic analysis uses the linear regression of the first order vertical derivative of the gravity anomaly and the reduction to the pole(RTP) magnetic anomaly,and provides the quantitative or semi-quantitative interpretation by calculating the correlation coefficient,slope,and intercept.In the calculation process,due to the remanent magnetization,the RTP anomaly still contains the effect of oblique magnetization,as a result,the homologous gravity and magnetic anomalies may display irrelevant results in the linear regression calculation.To solve this problem,we present a new combined analysis using normalized source strength(NSS).Based on the Poisson's relation,the gravity field can be transformed into the pseudomagnetic field of the direction of geomagnetic field magnetization under the homologous condition.The NSS of the pseudomagnetic field and that of the original magnetic field are calculated,which are insensitive to the remanence,and then the linear regression analysis is carried out.The approach is tested using synthetic model under complex magnetization,the results show that it can still identify the gravity and magnetic anomalies from same source under strong remanence,and can establish the Poisson's ratio.Finally,this approach is applied in Wudalianchi in China.The results demonstrated that this approach is feasible and can provide the reference for further data processing and interpretation.

Gravity and Aeromagnetic Studies of the Filabusi Greenstone Belt, Zimbabwe Craton: Regional and Geotectonic Implications

The Filabusi greenstone belt (FGB), Zimbabwe craton, has been geologically remapped relatively recently but its regional tectonic setting and subsurface structure have, until now, remained unresolved. This paper presents gravity and aeromagnetic studies that have been undertaken to provide this important information, and also extend mapping to areas of poor exposure. Several new NNW-trending dykes and structures cutting across the greenstone belt have been revealed, as well as a major extension of one of the metakomatiitic-BIF units, the Shamba Range. ESE-trending dykes identified in the southeast appear on a regional scale to be part of the giant Okavango dyke swarm in northern Botswana. An ~3 km wide NNE-striking magnetic low occurs over the Irisvale-Lancaster shear zone (ILSZ) on the extreme west of the FGB where it roughly marks the boundary with the Bulawayo greenstone belt. Magnetic anomaly trends over ultramafic schists are consistent with strike-slip movement along the ILSZ, and together with the gravity anomalies, support northeasterly directed detachment of the adjacent Fort Rixon belt from the Bulawayo-Filabusi belt. The Bouguer gravity anomaly map shows that the FGB is characterised by a well defined positive anomaly up to 37 mGal, whose symmetry and extent confirm the postulated synclinal structure of the belt. Isolated oval shaped small gravity lows generally correlate with sub-/out-cropping K-rich post-volcanic granite plutons. 2.5D gravity models along three profiles across the greenstone belt show a simple “basin shape” with a possible maximum depth extent of only 4.5 km, compared to an estimated stratigraphic thickness of about 9.0 km. This suggests a truncation at shallow depth of the structurally repeated lithologies. Gravity data and models support the proposed FGB model;deposition of volcanics in an extensional, structurally determined, evolving basin. This autochthonous setting is consistent with other greenstone belts in the Zimbabwe craton and other parts of the world.

Study on the distribution characteristics of faults and their control over petroliferous basins in the China seas and its adjacent areas

As one of the main controlling factors of oil and gas accumulation,faults are closely related to the distribution of oil and gas reservoirs.Studying how faults control petroliferous basins is particularly important.In this work,we investigated the plane positions of major faults in the China seas and its adjacent areas using the normalized vertical derivative of the total horizontal derivative(NVDR-THDR)of the Bouguer gravity anomaly,the fusion results of gravity and magnetic anomalies,and the residual Bouguer gravity anomaly.The apparent depths of major faults in the China seas and its adjacent areas were inverted using the Tilt-Euler method based on the Bouguer gravity anomaly.The results show that the strikes of the faults in the China seas and its adjacent areas are mainly NE and NW,followed by EW,and near-SN.Among them,the lengths of most ultra-crustal faults are in the range of 1000–3000 km,and their apparent depths lie between 10 km and 40 km.The lengths of crustal faults lie between 300 km and 1000 km,and their apparent depths are between 0 km and 20 km.According to the plane positions and apparent depths of the faults,we put forward the concept of fault influence factor for the first time.Based on this factor,the key areas for oil and gas exploration were found as follows:the east of South North China Basin in the intracontinental rift basins;the southeast region of East China Sea Shelf Basin,the Taixinan and Qiongdongnan basins in the continental margin rift basins;Zhongjiannan Basin in the strike-slip pull-apart basins;the Liyue,Beikang,and the Nanweixi basins in the rifted continental basins.This work provides valuable insights into oil and gas exploration,mineral resource exploration,and deep geological structure research in the China seas and its adjacent areas.

Geophysical lineaments of Western Ghats and adjoining coastal areas of central Kerala,southern India and their temporal development

A family of geophysical lineaments have been identified in ~15,000 km^2 in central Kerala between9 30'N to 10 45'N and 76 00'E to 77°30′E,integrating geophysical data with geological and geomorphological features. The characteristics of these lineaments in the magnetic and gravity fields and their derivatives have been analysed. The evolution of the lineaments has been traced to the temporal phases of global evolution of the region. A group of these faults have formed by reactivation of the deep-seated distensional fractures associated with and accompanying dyke emplacements during the episodic breakup of Gondwana at ~90 and 65 Ma under distinctive mantle thermal regimes. It is possible that reactivation of these distensional faults may have started during the cooling interval of time between the two distensions in the 90 and 65 Ma and post 65 Ma periods and later in the Cenozoic, when the lineaments were enlarged to their present dimension, possibly under the influence of forces that led to the uplift of the western Ghats. These may extend down to the crust-mantle interface. A cluster of youngergeophysical lineaments has been generated by reactivation along the weak planes of transformation of the charnockitic rocks of the Precambrian. They seem to have a strike-slip character. They are devoid of any dyke association and were formed on a cold crust. They may be confined to the upper-middle crust.They were generated in the high intensity intra-plate palaeo-stress fields of the triple forces arising from(1) the back-thrust from the Himalayan Collision;(2) the impact of epeirogenic forces and related isostatic uplift of the Western Ghats and(3) the flexural isostatic uplifts due to surface loads of late Mesozoic basaltic lavas and Cenozoic sedimentation in the coastal rifted basins in late Cenozoic, probably in the time span of 20 Ma to the present, when the palaeostress fields were most intense.

高精度重磁方法寻找隐伏矽卡岩型铁矿

位于华北克拉通东部的鲁中莱芜地区是矽卡岩型富铁矿重要产区,矿床主要产于矿山岩体与中奥陶统碳酸盐岩地层的接触带中。本文利用最新重磁测量成果,对矿山岩体外围西部石家泉—刘家庙一带重磁异常特征进行了细致研究,结合区内已知铁矿重磁场特征,圈定了深部找矿靶区。在成矿有利地段布设了大比例尺重磁剖面,以已知钻孔为约束条件,利用2.5D重磁联合反演技术,对重磁异常进行了定性及定量解释。解释结果为后续钻孔位置布设及深度预测提供了依据,该钻孔揭露了15.8 m厚的富铁矿,找矿效果显著,为今后本区进一步寻找矽卡岩型铁矿提供了重要指示依据。

地球陨石坑地球物理探测研究进展

地球物理探测在研究和发现撞击构造方面发挥着重要作用.本文综述了地球陨石坑的重、磁、电、震等常见地球物理特征.陨石坑最明显的地球物理特征是圆形或环形的负重力异常,其主要原因是岩石破裂和角砾化导致岩石密度降低;具有较低的磁异常,细节特征复杂,其主要原因是撞击熔融降低了陨石坑内部岩石的磁化率,陨石撞击后的改造则造成了复杂的细节特征;简单陨石坑具有较高的电导率,复杂陨石坑具有从中央隆起向周缘升高的电导率,其受控于岩石的破碎程度和上覆沉积层的含水量,破碎程度、含水量越高电导率越高;具有低的地震波速,主要原因是破碎的角砾岩和断裂具有相对原岩更低的波速.此外,地震反射波探测发现陨石坑撞击构造有明显凹形特征.国际上已开展了大量陨石坑的地球物理探测研究,而我国现有被发现且证实的陨石坑不仅数量稀少,其相关的地球物理探测研究更是不多见.通过对国内外陨石坑的常见地球物理特征开展综述和总结,不仅可为我国发现更多潜在的陨石坑提供科学参考和依据,同时也为公众认识和了解撞击构造提供可靠的科普素材,进而有效拓展地球陨石坑的科研和人文价值.

利用重磁资料研究北极地区格陵兰-冰岛-法罗脊构造特征

为了深入研究北极地区格陵兰-冰岛-法罗脊及邻区的重磁场及构造特征,系统分析与整理了全球重力数据库V29数据、船测重力异常数据、全球地磁异常网格第3版数据以及航空磁测数据。利用变纬度化磁极方法得到磁力化极异常,进而利用位场边缘识别方法进行位场边缘识别,基于滑动平均法计算自由空间重力和磁力化极局部异常。结合已有的研究成果,深入分析格陵兰-冰岛-法罗脊及邻区的区域断裂构造格架,识别了7组主要断裂。这7组断裂在控制隆坳格架、基底结构与性质方面发挥了重要作用。基于这些主要断裂,划分了格陵兰板块、Kolbeinsey脊、扬马延微陆块、东扬马延深海盆地、格陵兰-冰岛-法罗复杂构造带、Rekjanes脊、Aegir脊和法罗-梅恩兰构造带共8个构造单元,为北极地区的地质勘探提供地质及地球物理资料。

鄂尔多斯盆地北部重磁场及其基底断裂特征研究

为了明确鄂尔多斯盆地北部基底断裂特征,在分析其重磁场特征基础上,采用小波多尺度分解和功率谱分析的方法获取了基底重磁异常场,并对其基底断裂构造进行了综合识别和解释。研究发现盆地北部布格重力异常场呈东高西低、航磁场呈近东西、正负相间排列的特征;盆内发育28条基底断裂,整体上以NE向和EW向基底断裂为主,NW和SN向基底断裂错断或斜交分布的构造格架;EW—NE向基底断裂形成于~1.95 Ga阴山地块与鄂尔多斯地块的陆陆碰撞事件,其中新召北—泊尔江海子南(F4+F10)基底断裂带在中元古代之前是一条不同构造单元的分界线;SN—NW向基底断裂是上述陆陆碰撞过程中形成的撕裂构造,中元古代在近EW向拉张应力场下选择性激活。盆地北部基底断裂体系形成是不同陆块相互作用的产物,并在后期选择性活化,为研究华北克拉通化和再造过程提供了构造变形的证据。

胶东地区重磁场特征及地质解释

本文系统统计了山东胶东地区各地层、岩浆岩的磁化率、剩余磁化强度及密度等物性参数特征,从地质、物性两个角度对区域重磁场特征进行了综合分析。研究结果表明:重、磁场总体走向呈NE—NNE,宏观上反映了胶东地区的地层分布、构造格架和岩浆活动;重力场强度变化较大,跨越(-40~40)×10^(-5)m/s^(2)区间,在胶莱盆地南北两侧表现为重力低,盆地内则反映为重力高;磁场以低缓磁场为主,北、中部场强低、变化小,东南部场强高、变化大。胶东地区重磁场特征反映了该区南部、北部岩浆活动较强烈,中部壳层变薄,基底构造以近EW向、局部构造呈NE向,以及较高密度、较强磁性的古老结晶基底呈带、呈块分布的总体格局。

基于重磁数据研究江苏岸外滨海断裂带及邻区构造特征

江苏岸外滨海断裂带是南黄海西部一条重要的活动断裂,孕育了多次M≥5.0的破坏性地震。该断裂带所在海域特殊的自然地理条件限制了海洋地质调查的开展,导致目前对其展布特征、断面结构、活动强度和力学性质等仍存在争议。文章基于重磁异常的定性分析和定量计算并结合前人研究成果,对滨海断裂带及邻区的构造特征进行研究,追踪了滨海断裂带可能的展布特征,并探讨了不同分段构造属性和活动性。结果表明,滨海断裂带在江苏岸外20~30 km处大致平行于岸线延伸,在废黄河口以北分叉为东、西两支。推测大致以射阳和如东海域为界,将断裂带分为3段。中段构成苏北盆地的东部边界,为长期继承性活动的深大断裂;南段为形成时代较新的平移断裂,构造活动性最强;北段的存在与否和活动性仍有待进一步调查确认。

鲁中地区矿山岩体北部倾伏端重磁异常特征及其找矿方向

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四川盆地不仅是中国典型的沉积盆地,也是一个不同类型盆地叠加而成的叠合盆地。盆地地层发育齐全,地质结构构造明显,有丰富的煤炭、石油、天然气和固体矿产资源,是研究地质和进行物探的理想场所。通过对该盆地1∶100万重、磁异常数据进行延拓、导数等处理,研究盆地重、磁场特征,论证延拓、导数等在正演解释中的作用;应用径向对数功率谱法来计算莫霍面深度,推断盆地基底深度。然后通过地质、地球物理综合解释,圈定盆地的边界范围,为地质找矿等工作提供可靠的证据。结果表明,重、磁方法在推测地质体埋深与边界划分上行之有效。

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