联邦学习中基于Chebyshev定理的模型性能感知逆向拍卖

文章研究多服务器、多客户端联邦学习(federated learning,FL)场景中的激励机制,并将任务分配和定价问题建模为多个逆向拍卖问题。根据切比雪夫(Chebyshev)定理对客户端每一轮的本地模型性能进行评估,并进一步利用指数衰减函数评估其本地模型的总体性能;设计基于本地模型性能的逆向拍卖(local model performance based reverse auction,LPRA)算法解决任务分配和定价问题以激励更多高性能的客户端参与,并从理论上证明LPRA算法满足个体理性、真实性和计算高效性;通过仿真实验验证LPRA算法的有效性。

New Asymptotic Results on Fermat-Wiles Theorem

We analyse the Diophantine equation of Fermat xp yp = zp with p > 2 a prime, x, y, z positive nonzero integers. We consider the hypothetical solution (a, b, c) of previous equation. We use Fermat main divisors, Diophantine remainders of (a, b, c), an asymptotic approach based on Balzano Weierstrass Analysis Theorem as tools. We construct convergent infinite sequences and establish asymptotic results including the following surprising one. If z y = 1 then there exists a tight bound N such that, for all prime exponents p > N , we have xp yp zp.

A Brief Discussion on the Social Philosophical Significance of Gödel’s Incompleteness Theorems

This paper applies Gödel’s Incompleteness Theorems to the evolution and development of human social systems.Although Gödel’s Incompleteness Theorems originated in the field of mathematics,their influence has long extended beyond mathematics,making an impact on philosophy,systems science,and the humanities and social sciences.The paper analyzes the autonomy and completeness of human social systems,arguing that evolving human societies are generally self-consistent.However,if the completeness of a human social system is compromised,the system either maintains self-consistency,ceases to evolve forward,enters a death spiral,and eventually decays and disintegrates.Or the system addresses the completeness issue,enters a state of non-self-consistency,introduces new axioms,becomes self-governing again,and enters a new form.From the sociological perspective,this is articulated as social revolution-the system continues to evolve forward;the absence of social revolution-the system does not evolve forward(Jin,1988).

Small Modular Solutions to Fermat’s Last Theorem

The proof by Andrew Wiles of Fermat’s Last Theorem in 1995 resolved the existence question for non-trivial solutions in integers x,y,zto the equation xn+yn=znfor n>2. There are none. Surprisingly, there are infinitely many solutions if the problem is recast in terms of modular arithmetic. Over a hundred years ago Issai Schur was able to show that for any n there is always a sufficiently large prime p0such that for all primes p≥p0the congruence xn+yn≡zn(modp)has a non-trivial solution. Schur’s argument wasnon-constructive, and there is no systematic method available at present to construct specific examples for small primes. We offer a simple method for constructing all possible solutions to a large class of congruences of this type.

Whole Perfect Vectors and Fermat’s Last Theorem

A naïve discussion of Fermat’s last theorem conundrum is described. The present theorem’s proof is grounded on the well-known properties of sums of powers of the sine and cosine functions, the Minkowski norm definition, and some vector-specific structures.

Application of Chebyshev theorem to data preparation in landslide susceptibility mapping studies:an example from Yenice(Karabük,Turkey)region

Landslide database construction is one of the most crucial stages of the landslide susceptibility mapping studies. Although there are many techniques for preparing landslide database in the literature, representative data selection from huge data sets is a challenging, and, to some extent, a subjective task. Thus, in order to produce reliable landslide susceptibility maps, data-driven, objective and representative database construction is a very important stage for these maps. This study mainly focuses on a landslide database construction task. In this study, it was aimed at building a representative landslide database extraction approach by using Chebyshev theorem to evaluate landslide susceptibility in a landslide prone area in the Western Black Sea region of Turkey. The study area was divided into two different parts such as training （Basin 1） and testing areas （Basin 2）. A total of nine parameters such as topographical elevation, slope, aspect, planar and profile curvatures, stream power index, distance to drainage, normalized difference vegetation index and topographical wetness index were used in the study. Next, frequency distributions of the considered parameters in both landslide and nonlandslide areas were extracted using different sampling strategies, and a total of nine different landslide databases were obtained. Of these, eight databases were gathered by the methodology proposed by this study based on different standard deviations and algebraic multiplication of raster parameter maps. To evaluate landslide susceptibility, Artificial Neural Network method was used in the study area considering the different landslide and nonlandslide data. Finally, to assess the performances of the so-produced landslide susceptibility maps based on nine data sets, Area Under Curve （AUC） approach was implemented both in Basin 1 and Basin 2. The best performances （the greatest AUC values） were gathered by the landslide susceptibility map produced by two standard deviation database extracted by the Chebyshev theorem, as 0.873 and 0.761, respectively. Results revealed that the methodology proposed by this study is a powerful and objective approach in landslide susceptibility mapping.

控制Logistic系统的自适应Chebyshev多项式神经网络算法

提出了一种基于自适应Chebyshev多项式神经网络(ACNN)的Logistic混沌系统控制算法。该算法采用Chebyshev正交多项式作为神经网络的激励函数,构建Logistic混沌系统的预测与控制模型。为了保证算法的稳定性,提出和证明了收敛定理,并利用自适应学习率算法提高神经网络的学习效率和收敛速度。通过采用自适应Chebyshev神经网络直接学习Logistic混沌系统的动态特性,并对系统实施目标函数控制。实验仿真结果表明,该算法在Logistic混沌系统有外部干扰的情况下仍能对其进行有效控制,网络学习时间为0.178 s,训练步长为10,均方误差达到1.15×10-4,与其他常见算法相比具有计算量小、速度快、精度高和网络结构简单等优点。

线性相位FIR滤波器约束Chebyshev设计的增广Remez算法

主要讨论线性相位FIR数字滤波器的约束Chebyshev设计问题 .Remez算法是一种高效的Chebyshev逼近算法 ,而其理论基础是交错点组定理 .针对约束Chebyshev逼近问题提出一个增广交错点组定理 ,并根据此定理提出了一个增广Remez算法 ,用于求解带不等式约束的线性相位FIR数字滤波器的Chebyshev设计问题 .如果问题的解存在 ,此算法一定收敛到问题的解 .与现有其它方法的比较表明 ,此算法有很高的效率 .

一类Chebyshev行列式的计算

研究了一类 Ｃｈｅｂｙｓｈｅｖ多项式 Ｔ_ｎ（ｘ）及 Ｕ_ｎ（ｘ）组成的特殊行列式 Ｑ_ｎ（ｍ，ｋ）、Ｃ_ｎ（ｍ，ｋ）、Ｃ_ｎ（ｍ，ｋ）的计算问题，得到了两个有趣的恒等式及一个推论．

关于Chebyshev函数的加权Landau’s型不等式

本文在L^2上建立了关于Chebyshev多项式T_n(x)的Landau's型不等式。利用T_n(x)的正交性,建立了代数多项式p_n(x)的加权Landau's型不等式,并指出其不等式的系数在某种意义上是最好可能的。

基于Chebyshev映射的快速图像加密算法

为满足图像数据的实时传送和处理,设计并实现了一种快速图像加密算法.通过将置乱和扩散两个不相关的过程变为两个连续进行的扩散过程完成图像加密,提高了加密速度.利用Chebyshev映射完成第一次扩散,利用中国剩余定理完成第二次扩散.仿真实验表明,该算法在保证安全性的前提下,提高了加密和解密速度,适合图像的实时处理.

层次化的K.Fan’s Theorem

在L-拓扑空间中,对任意LF集,我们利用层次化的K.Fan’s Theorem定义了一种层次连通并研究了其基本性质.

基于S-R和分解定理的二维几何非线性问题的虚单元法求解

应变-旋转(Strain-Rotation,S-R)和分解定理为分析几何非线性问题提供了合理可靠的理论基础,但用有限元求解时会遇到大变形发生后的网格畸变问题。近年提出的虚单元法(Virtual element method,VEM)适用于一般的多边形网格,因此,该文尝试使用一阶虚单元求解基于S-R和分解定理的二维几何非线性问题,以克服网格畸变的影响。基于重新定义的多项式位移空间基函数,推演获得一阶虚单元分析线弹性力学问题时允许位移空间向多项式位移空间的投影表达式;按照虚单元法双线性格式的计算规则,分析处理基于更新拖带坐标法和势能率原理的增量变分方程;进而建立离散系统方程及其矩阵表达形式,并编制MATLAB求解程序;采用常规多边形网格和畸变网格,应用该文算法分析均布荷载下的悬臂梁和均匀内压下的厚壁圆筒变形。结果与已有文献和ANSYS软件的对比表明:该文算法在两种网格中均可有效执行且具备足够数值精度。总体该文算法为基于S-R和分解定理的二维几何非线性问题求解提供了一种鲁棒方法。

基于2D Chebyshev-Sine映射的图像加密算法

混沌系统因对初始条件和参数具有极度的敏感性、遍历性和不可预测性,被广泛应用于图像加密领域。提出了一种二维映射——二维Chebyshev-Sine映射。通过分析轨迹图得到映射,与其他混沌映射相比,此映射拥有更宽广的混沌范围和良好的遍历性,对初始条件和系统参数具有高度敏感性,实现成本相对较低。基于此,提出了一种线性混合层图像加密算法:通过行移位和列混合有效改变图像像素空间位置和像素频域中的值,同时使用了中国剩余定理的扩散原则。实验仿真结果证明,此加密算法具有抵抗差分攻击和选择明文攻击的性能,且运行速度快,安全性较高。

VECTORIAL EKELAND'S VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLE WITH A W-DISTANCE AND ITS EQUIVALENT THEOREMS

By using the properties of w-distances and Gerstewitz＇s functions, we first give a vectorial Takahashi＇s nonconvex minimization theorem with a w-distance. From this, we deduce a general vectorial Ekeland＇s variational principle, where the objective function is from a complete metric space into a pre-ordered topological vector space and the perturbation contains a w-distance and a non-decreasing function of the objective function value. From the general vectorial variational principle, we deduce a vectorial Caristfs fixed point theorem with a w-distance. Finally we show that the above three theorems are equivalent to each other. The related known results are generalized and improved. In particular, some conditions in the theorems of [Y. Araya, Ekeland＇s variational principle and its equivalent theorems in vector optimization, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 346（2008）, 9-16] are weakened or even completely relieved.

Noether's theorems of a fractional Birkhoffian system within Riemann-Liouville derivatives

The Noether symmetry and the conserved quantity of a fractional Birkhoffian system are studied within the Riemann–Liouville fractional derivatives. Firstly, the fractional Birkhoff＇s equations and the corresponding transversality conditions are given. Secondly, from special to general forms, Noether＇s theorems of a standard Birhoffian system are given, which provide an approach and theoretical basis for the further research on the Noether symmetry of the fractional Birkhoffian system. Thirdly, the invariances of the fractional Pfaffian action under a special one-parameter group of infinitesimal transformations without transforming the time and a general one-parameter group of infinitesimal transformations with transforming the time are studied, respectively, and the corresponding Noether＇s theorems are established. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the application of the results.

圆管O-S方程的Chebyshev多项式方法

采用一般形式的Ｃｈｅｂｙｓｈｅｖ多项式展开方法，对圆管Ｐｏｉｓｅｕｉｌｅ流的Ｏ－Ｓ方程进行数值模拟．发现所有特征值的虚部都小于零，因此，验证圆管Ｐｏｉｓｅｕｉｌｅ流对于轴对称的小扰动来说是线性稳定的，结果还表明应用Ｃｈｅｂｙｓｈｅｖ多项式在计算结果精度方面有较大的优越性．

SOME NEW EXTENSIONS OF EDELSTEIN-SUZUKI-TYPE FIXED POINT THEOREM TO G-METRIC AND G-CONE METRIC SPACES

In this paper, we prove some fixed point theorems for generalized contractions in the setting of G-metric spaces. Our results extend a result of Edelstein [M. Edelstein, On fixed and periodic points under contractive mappings, J. London Math. Soc., 37 （1962）, 74-79] and a result of Suzuki [T. Suzuki, A new type of fixed point theorem in metric spaces, Nonlinear Anal., 71 （2009）, 5313-5317]. We prove, also, a fixed point theorem in the setting of G-cone metric spaces.

Mei’s symmetry theorem for time scales nonshifted mechanical systems

We focus on Mei symmetry for time scales nonshifted mechanical systems within Lagrangian framework and its resulting new conserved quantities.Firstly,the dynamic equations of time scales nonshifted holonomic systems and time scales nonshifted nonholonomic systems are derived from the generalized Hamilton’s principle.Secondly,the definitions of Mei symmetry on time scales are given and its criterions are deduced.Finally,Mei’s symmetry theorems for time scales nonshifted holonomic conservative systems,time scales nonshifted holonomic nonconservative systems and time scales nonshifted nonholonomic systems are established and proved,and new conserved quantities of above systems are obtained.Results are illustrated with two examples.

ON THE CONDITIONAL VERSION OFKOLMOGOROV'S THREE-SERIES THEOREM

This paper studies the conditional version of Kolmogorov’s three-series theorem, and gets a new extention form of the conditional version. The results here present us an answer to the question when (or where) the conditional version also provide necessary conditions for convergence in dependent cases. Furthermore, some new sufficient conditions are obtained.