The Chemical Constituents from the Bulbs of Ornithogalum caudatum

A new natural product (1) together with 26 know compounds were isolated from the Bulbs of Ornithogalum caudatum. Their structures were established on the basis of spectral analyses as n-butyl pyroglutamate (1), nonadecyl alcohol(2), eicosanol(3), behenic acid(4), b-sitosterol(5), stigmasterol(6), glycerol 1-monocerotate(7), pyrocatechol(8), p-ethoxybenzoic acid(9), p-coumarinic acid(10), protocatechuric acid(11), ursolic acid(12), betulinic acid(13), fumaric acid(14), succinic acid(15), uracil(16), xanthine(17), quercetin(18), kaempferol (19), isorham-netin(20), adenosine(21), daucosterol(22), stigmasterol 3-O-b-D-glucopyranoside(23), quercetin 3-O-b-D-glucopyra-noside(24), kaempferol 3-O-b-D-glucopyranoside(25), rutin(26), and kaempferol 3-O-b-rutinoside(27). All of them, except compound 5, were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Chemical Constituents from Roots of Semiaquilegia adoxoides

Semiaquilegia adoxoides ( DC. ) Makino ( Chinese name ''Tian-Kui-Zi'' ) , theonly species of genus Semiaquilegia, belongs to the Ranunculaceae family. As a perennial herbaceousplant, both the aerial parts and the roots are used in traditional Chinese medicine for differentmedications. The roots are often used to treat inflammation, snake bite, bruises and injuries,tonsillitis, mastitis, scrofula, and cancer for their antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, andantineoplastic activities. The aerial parts are used for the treatment of mastitis, bruises, andheart diseases, such as endomyocarditis. The medicinal usage of this plant prompted us toinvestigate its chemical constituents. As a result, nine compounds 1-9 ( see Figure 1) were isolatedfrom the roots of S. adoxoides. Among them, compounds 1-7 and 9 were isolated from the genusSemiaquilegia for the first time.

Chemical constituents from Sappan Lignum

To study the chemical constituents of Sappan Lignum. Chemical constituents were isolated by method of solvent extraction, repeated chromatography with silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and ODS. The structures were elucidated based on spectro- scopic data. Fourteen compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as brazilin （1）, sappanone B （2）, （E）-3-（3,4- dihydroxybenzylidene）-7-hydroxychroman-4-one （3）, 3-deoxysappanone B （4）, brazilide A （5）, euxanthone （6）, quercetin （7）, rhamnetin （8）, sappanchalcone （9）, 3-deoxysappanchalcone （10）, butein （11）, 2,4,5-trihydroxybenzaldehyde （12）, 3,8,9-trihydroxy- 6H-benzo[c]chromen-6-one （13） and 13-sitosterol （14）. Compounds 12 and 13 were two new natural compounds, and the ^13C NMR data of compound 13 were reported for the first time. Compound 6 was the first xanthone isolated from the genus Caesalpinia.

Chemical Constituents of Hedysarum gmelinii

To study the chemical constituents of Hedysarum gmelinii. Methods Theconstituents were separated and purified by different methods of chromatography, and theirstructures were elucidated by DR, MS and NMR. Results Eight compounds were isolated from Hedysarumgmelinii, including three triteipenoids, two flavonoids and two other compounds. Their structureswere identified as squasapogenol (1), soyasapogenol (2), lupeol (3), 3, 9-dihydroxy coumestan (4),3-hydroxy-9-me-thoxy pterocarpan (5), β-sitosterol (6), palmatic acid (7), and hexadecanoic acid 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester (8). Conclusion All the compounds have been isolated from this plant forthe first time. Compounds 1 — 4 and 8 were obtained from this genus for the first time. The NMRdata of 1 are reported for the first time.

Advances in the Research of Chemical Constituents in Thalictrum Plants

Thalictrum plants are perennial herbs in the family Ranuneulaceae, many of which are of important medicinal values. Alkaloids are major active constituents in Thalictrum plants in addition to a small amount of triterpene and flavonoids. The major pharmacological functions of the active constituents include： anti-tumor, anti- virus, antibiosis, antiphlogosis, hypotensive action, and etc. This paper summarizes the methods for determining the contents of chemical constituents in Thalictrum plants and new chemical constituents discovered in this genus in recent ten years.

Chemical constituents from Xylosma controversum

Aim To study the chemical constituents from the stems of Xylosma controversum Clos. Methods The constituents were isolated by solvent extraction, repeated chromatography with silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and RP-18 columns. The structures were elucidated by spectral analysis. Results Thirteen compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as （-）-syringaresinol （1）, syringaresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside （2）, syringaresinol-4,4′-bis-O-β-D-glucopyranoside （3）, （±）-catechin （4）, catechin-3-O- β-D-glucopyranoside （5）, catechin-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside （6）, 1,3-bis-（4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl）-1,3-propanediol （7）, （R）-（＋）-chaulmoogric acid （8）, friedelin （9）, uracile （10）, benzoic acid （11）, vaniUic acid （12）, and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid （13）. Conclusion All the compounds described above were isolated from this genus for the first time.

Chemical constituents of the flower buds of Tussilago farfara

Aim To study the chemical constituents of the flower buds of Tussilago farfara L. in the China National GAP Base of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica and provide scientific basis for quality control. Methods The constituents were separated and purified by different chromatographic methods, and their structures were elucidated by IR, MS and NMR techniques. Results Twenty eight compounds were isolated from the flower buds of T. farfara. Their structures were identified as n- heptacosane （1）, bis（2-ethylhexyl）phthalate （2）, 7β-[3＇-ethylcrotonoyloxy]-1α-[2＇-methylbutyryloxy]-3,14-dehydro-Z-notonipetranone （3）, 7β-[3＇-ethylcrotonoyloxy]-1α-[2＇-methylbutyryloxy]-3,14-dehydro-E-notonipetranone （4）, tussilagone （5）, dibutyl phthalate （6）, bauer-7-ene-3β,16α-diol （7）, isobauerenol （8）, stigmasterol （9）, β-sitosterol （10）, 2,2-dimethyl-6-acetylchromanone （11）, n- hexadecanoic acid （12）, 7β-hydroxysitosterol （13）, 7α-hydroxysitosterol （14）, 7,14-bisdesacylnotonipetrone （15）, 2,3- dihydroxypropylpalmitate （16）, daucosterol （17）, 6-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylhept-2-en-4-one （18）, ferulic acid （19）, isoferulic acid （20）, caffeic acid （21）, α-D-glucose （22）, sucrose （23）, phthalic acid （24）, p-hydroxybenzoic acid （25）, gallic acid （26）, uridine （27）, and adenosine （28）. Conclusion Compounds 1, 12-16, 18 and 20 were obtained from the genus Tussilago for the first time.

Chemical Constituents from Potentilla multifida L.

Aim To investigate the chemical constituents from Potentilla multifida L..Methods Chromatographic technique was employed for the isolation and purification of theconstituents, and the structures were identified by spectral evidence. Results Four compounds wereisolated involving ade-nosine (1), apigenin-6-C-arabinopyranosyl-8-C-glucopyranoside (2),apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide (3) and luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide (4). Conclusion The fourcompounds were obtained from the genus Potentilla for the first time.

Chemical Constituents from Fruits of Rosa davidii

From the fruit of Rosa davidii Crep., eleven compounds were isolated and identified by spectral evidence, viz. 2 alpha, 3 beta, 19 beta -trihydroxyl-olean-12-en-28-oic acid (1), 2 alpha, 3 beta -dihydroxyl-urs-28 (13)-lactone (2), arjunic acid (3), euscaphic acid (4), 2 alpha, 3 beta -dihydroxyl-urs-12-en-28-oic acid (5), oleanolic acid (6), kaempferol (7), tiliroside (8), quercetin (9), daucosterol (10) and beta -sitosterol (11). Among them, 1 and 2 were new compounds.

Isolation and Identification of Chemical Constituents of Selaginella tamariscina

[Objective] This study aimed to isolate and identify the chemical constituents of Selaginella tamariscina. [Method] The chemical compounds isolated from the whole plant of traditional Chinese herb S. tamariscina were purified through column chromatography and preparative thin-layer chromatography, and then chemical structures of the compounds were determined by NMR and mass spectrometry. Finally, the anticancer activity of the compounds 5, 6 and 7 was measured by MTT assay. [Result] Seven compounds, containing carnaubic acid (1), glucose (2), β-sitosterol (3), amentoflavone (4), selaginellin (5), selaginellin M (6) and selaginellin A (7), were isolated from methanol extracts of S. tamariscina. Among the three tested compounds, compound 7 exhibited the most effective activity to inhibit the HeLa cell growth. [Conclusion] This study will provide a basis for better development and utilization of Selaginella plant resources.

Chemical constituents from the roots of Polygala sibirica L.

To investigate the chemical constituents of the roots ofPolygala sibirica L. The separation and purification were performed by solvent extraction and repeated chromatography with silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS columns, and semiprep. HPLC. The structures were elucidated by spectral analysis. Twelve known compounds were isolated and identified as tenuifoliside A （1）, tenuifoliside B （2）, glomeratose A （3）, 3＇,6-disinapoyl sucrose （4）, sibiricose A5 （5）, sibiricose A6 （6）, sibiricose A1 （7）, sibiricose A2 （8）, polygalatenoside E （9）, 1-O-L-arabinopyranosyl-O-（6→1）-β-D-glucopyranosyl-salicylate （10）, canthoside A （11）, and methyl- 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamate （12）. Compound 11 was obtained from genus Polygala for the first time, and compounds 2, 9, 10 and 12 were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Chemical Constituents of One Species of Endophytic Fungus in Taxus chinensis

Three compounds were obtained from the mycelia of an endophytic fungus Gliocladium sp. (designated as strain F) of Taxus chinensis (Pilg.) Rehd. growing in Fujian Province, China. Their structures were determined on the basis of spectral analysis. (20S,22S)-4a-homo-22-hydroxy-4-oxaergosta-7,24(28)-dien-3-one was a novel compound. 4,8,12,16-tetramethyl-1,5,9,13-tetraoxacyclohexadecane-2,6,10,14-tetraone was firstly isolated from the genus ofGliocladium and 6,9-epoxyergosta-7,22-dien-3-ol was firstly obtained from the strain F.

Chemical constituents from Coriolus versicolor L.

Aim To study the chemical constituents from Coriolus versicolor L.. Methods Chromatographic techniques were employed for separation and purification. The structures were identified on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. Results Eight compounds were isolated and identified as ergosta-7, 22-dien-313 -yl palmitate （1）, ergosta-7, 22-dien-313 -ol （2）, betulic acid （3）, 4-hydroxy benzoic acid （4）, 3- methoxy-4-hydroxy benzoic acid （5）, 3, 5-dimethoxyl-4-hydroxy benzoic acid （6）, 2-furoic acid （7）, and nicotinic acid （8）. Conclusion Eight compounds were reported for the first time from Coriolus versicolor L..

Chemical constituents of Salvia cavaleriei Levl.var.erythrophylla (Hemsl.) Stib

Aim To investigate the chemical constituents of Salvia cavaleriei Levi. var. erythrophylla （Hemsl.） Stib. Methods Compounds were isolated by silica gel column chromatography and Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography, and the structures were identified by spectral analysis. Result Five compounds were identified as 3β, 6β, 23-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid （1）, ursolic acid （2）, n-heptadecanoic acid （3）, n-octadecanoic acid （4）, and β-sitosterol （5）. Conclusion Five compounds were isolated from the plant for the first time.

Chemical Constituents of Angelica sinensis

Aim To investigate the active constituents responsible for thepharmacological activities of Angelica sinensis (Oliv) Diels. Methods Chromatography was used toisolate chemical components, and spectroscopy was used to identify their structures. Results Sevencompounds were isolated and their structures were identified as ferulic acid (1), conife-rylferukte(2) , bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (3), dibutyl phthalate (4), lignoceric acid (5), palmitic acid(6), and Z-6, 7-cis-dihydroxyligustilide (7) Conclusion Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and dibutylphthalate were obtained from Angelica sinensis for the first time.

Chemical constituents of Ixeris sonchifolia

Aim To investigate the chemical constituents of Ixeris sonchifolia Hance. Methods The chemical constituents were isolated by various column chromatographic methods and the structures were elucidated and characterized by spectral evidences. Result Thirteen compounds were obtained and identified as 3β-acetoxy-20-taraxasten-22-one （1）, bauerenyl acetate （2）, 3β-acetoxy- 11-oxours-12-ene （3）, oleanic acid （4）, oleanane （5）, 8-desoxyartelin （6）, aesculetin （7）, ferulic acid （8）, vanillic acid （9）, sonchifolinin （10）, hexacosanol （11）, β-sitosterol （12）, and daucosterol （13）. Conclusion Compounds 1, 5, and 8 were isolated from this genus for the first time; compound 7 was obtained firstly from this plant.

Chemical constituents from the aerial parts of Plumbago zeylanica L.

To investigate the chemical constituents from the aerial parts of Plumbago zeylanica L. The chemical constituents were isolated by various column chromatographic methods and the structures were elucidated by various spectroscopic methods, especially 2D- NMR spectra. A new tfiterpenoid, 1β,3β,1 1α-trihydroxy-urs-12-ene （1）, together with six known compounds, androsta-l,4-diene-3,17- dione （2）, isoshinznolone （3）, neoechinulin A （4）, harman （5）, ergostadiene-3β,5α,6β-triol （6） and N-（N＇-benzoyl-S-phenylalaninyl）-S- phenylalaninol （7） were isolated from the aerial parts ofP. zeylanica. Compound 1 was a new compound, and compounds 2, 4-7 were obtained from this genus for the first time.

Chemical constituents from the leaves of Cerbera manghas

Objective:To study the chemical constituents in leaves of Cebera manghas.Methods:Chemical constituents were isolated by using various column chromatography and tho structures were elucidated on basis of physicochemical constants and spectral data analysis.Results:Nine compounds were obtained including p-hydroxybenzaldehyde(1),benzamide(2),n-hexadecane acid monoglyceride(3),loliolide(4),β-sitosterol(5),cerberin(6),neriifolin(7),cerleaside A(8), daucosterol(9).Conclusions:Compounds 1-4 are obtained from this genus for the first time.

Chemical constituents of marine medicinal mangrove plant Sonneratia caseolaris

Twenty-four compounds including eight steroids （1-8）, nine triterpenoids （9-16, 24）, three flavonoids （20-22）, and four benzenecarboxylic derivatives （17-19, 23） were isolated and identified from stems and twigs of medicinal mangrove plant Sonneratia caseolaris. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined by extensive analysis of their spectroscopic data. Among these rnetabolites, compounds 1, 4-20 and 22-24 were isolated and identified for the first time from S. caseolaris. In the in vitro cytotoxic assay against SMMC-7721 human hepatoma cells, compound 21 （3＇,4＇,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone） exhibited significant activity with IC50 2.8 μg/mL, while oleanolic acid （14）, 3,3＇-di-O-methyl ether ellagic acid （18）, and 3,3＇,4-O-tri-O-methyl ether ellagic acid （19） showed weak activity. None of these compounds displayed significant antibacterial activites.

Chemical constituents of marine algal-derived endophytic fungus Exophiala oligosperma EN-21

Seven compounds (1–7) were identified from the cultivation of the endophytic fungus Exophiala oligosperma (EN-21) that was isolated from the inner tissue of the marine red alga Laurencia similis. Their structures were identified with spectroscopic and chemical methods as 2-phenoxynaphthalene (1), (2S, 3R, 4E, 8E)-1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3-hydroxy-2-[(R)-2′-hydroxyoctadecanoyl] amino-9-methyl-4, 8-octadeca-diene (2), (22E,24R)-ergosta-7,22-dien-3β,5α,6β-triol (3), (22E, 24R)-3β, 5α, 9α-trihydroxy- ergosta-7, 22-dien-6-one (4), (22E, 24R)-5α, 6α-epoxy-ergosta-8, 22-dien-3β, 7α-diol (5), (22E, 24R)- ergosta-4, 6, 8(14), 22-tetraen-3-one (6), and euphorbol (7). This paper reports for the first time the chemical constituents of fungus Exophiala oligosperma and the discovery of compound 1 as a natural product from the fungus.