For sustainable wastewater management in developing countries, the implementation of low\|cost, simple treatment systems should be encouraged. In this study, the performance of three treatment schemes was evaluated. T...For sustainable wastewater management in developing countries, the implementation of low\|cost, simple treatment systems should be encouraged. In this study, the performance of three treatment schemes was evaluated. The first step in all schemes was upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB). The post treatment was either Algal Pond (AP). Lemna Pond (LP) or Rotating Biological Contactor (RBC). The results show that the performance of the UASB was satisfactory. Mean COD and BOD removal values were 78% and 85% respectively. The combination of UASB with an AP achieved significant improvement in the microbiological quality of the effluent. The geometric mean of fecal coliform in the effluent was 1.3×10 3 MPN/100ml. Residual COD was 143 mg O\-2/L. This relatively high value was due to the presence of algae in the AP effluent. The use of the LP as a post treatment achieved better quality effluent. As indicated by the physico\|chemical characteristics. However, fecal coliform removal was less by one log as compared to the AP effluent. When the RBC was used as a second stage. COD and BOD removal rates were 47% and 66% respectively. Also complete nitrification took place. Fecal coliform density declined by 5 logs.展开更多
The feasibility of sewage treatment via combined chemical-biological techniques has been investigated. Two-stages pilot plant were designed for this purpose. The first stage was direct chemicalcoagulation-sedimentatio...The feasibility of sewage treatment via combined chemical-biological techniques has been investigated. Two-stages pilot plant were designed for this purpose. The first stage was direct chemicalcoagulation-sedimentation using ferric chloride in-combination with lime to reduce the organic load and to remove the colloidal and suspended solids. A comparison of two separtion techniques namely chemical coagulation conventional sedimention and chemical coagulation tube settler sedimention were investigated. The second stage was either high rate oxidation pond or biological sand-bed to oxidize ammonia to nitrate. The results obtained showed that the effluent produced from the first stage is amaenable for restricted irrigation purposes. The HIROP proved to be satisfactory second treatment method for removal of pollutant. In addition high algal biomass was obtained. However, the use of sand-bed for nitrification proved to be more efficient, complete removal of ammonia was acheived.Average residual COD and BOD values were 66 and 38 mg O2/L, respectively. Fish toxicity was completely eleminated after the nitrification processes展开更多
This study investigated the impact assessment of poultry wastes discharge from a nearby poultry farm on the physico-chemical and microbiological water quality of Olosuru Stream, Ikire, Southwestern Nigeria. Five sampl...This study investigated the impact assessment of poultry wastes discharge from a nearby poultry farm on the physico-chemical and microbiological water quality of Olosuru Stream, Ikire, Southwestern Nigeria. Five sampling stations (designated A, B, C, D and E) each located at 250 m interval along the course of the stream were selected for the study. The physico-chemical parameters in the water body vary in concentration along spatial, monthly and seasonal variation of Olosuru stream. The patterns of spatial distribution of physico-chemical parameters measured for the stream were generally similar except for calcium and hardness which showed significant difference for the five stations. The overall mean values of most of the parameters investigated;pH (7.45 ± 0.24), conductivity (628.69 ± 255.95 μs/cm), TDS (377.3 ± 153.55 mg/L), sulphate (10.89 ± 2.37 mg/L), BOD5 (3.19 ± 2.35 mg/L), cadmium, arsenic, manganese, total heterotrophic bacteria count (15,080.67 ± 20,250.67 cfu/ml), total coliform bacteria count (3226 ± 8426.70 cfu/ml) and total heterotrophic fungi count (2567.4 ± 7652.12 cfu/ml) were negatively impacted by poultry wastes dumping into the stream. The concentrations of most parameters exceeded recommended permissible limits of the Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water and World Health Organization for freshwater quality. The water source is therefore deemed not potable and poses hazards to public health if consumed without treatment. There is urgent need for improved management strategies of this water resource for continued sustainability.展开更多
In this paper, the preparation and application of copolymers of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfo acid (AMPS) were discussed. The results showed that the copolymers with molecular weight 18.10 million can be prepare...In this paper, the preparation and application of copolymers of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfo acid (AMPS) were discussed. The results showed that the copolymers with molecular weight 18.10 million can be prepared. In treating waste water from deinked pulp, the dosage of copolymers was 0.75ppm, the optimum dosage of PAC was 100ppm; dosage of the amphoteric polyacylamide (AmPAM) with molecular weight 11.34 million was 0.75ppm, the optimum dosage of PAC was 75ppm. The removed rate of CODcr was above 70%.展开更多
文摘For sustainable wastewater management in developing countries, the implementation of low\|cost, simple treatment systems should be encouraged. In this study, the performance of three treatment schemes was evaluated. The first step in all schemes was upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB). The post treatment was either Algal Pond (AP). Lemna Pond (LP) or Rotating Biological Contactor (RBC). The results show that the performance of the UASB was satisfactory. Mean COD and BOD removal values were 78% and 85% respectively. The combination of UASB with an AP achieved significant improvement in the microbiological quality of the effluent. The geometric mean of fecal coliform in the effluent was 1.3×10 3 MPN/100ml. Residual COD was 143 mg O\-2/L. This relatively high value was due to the presence of algae in the AP effluent. The use of the LP as a post treatment achieved better quality effluent. As indicated by the physico\|chemical characteristics. However, fecal coliform removal was less by one log as compared to the AP effluent. When the RBC was used as a second stage. COD and BOD removal rates were 47% and 66% respectively. Also complete nitrification took place. Fecal coliform density declined by 5 logs.
文摘The feasibility of sewage treatment via combined chemical-biological techniques has been investigated. Two-stages pilot plant were designed for this purpose. The first stage was direct chemicalcoagulation-sedimentation using ferric chloride in-combination with lime to reduce the organic load and to remove the colloidal and suspended solids. A comparison of two separtion techniques namely chemical coagulation conventional sedimention and chemical coagulation tube settler sedimention were investigated. The second stage was either high rate oxidation pond or biological sand-bed to oxidize ammonia to nitrate. The results obtained showed that the effluent produced from the first stage is amaenable for restricted irrigation purposes. The HIROP proved to be satisfactory second treatment method for removal of pollutant. In addition high algal biomass was obtained. However, the use of sand-bed for nitrification proved to be more efficient, complete removal of ammonia was acheived.Average residual COD and BOD values were 66 and 38 mg O2/L, respectively. Fish toxicity was completely eleminated after the nitrification processes
文摘This study investigated the impact assessment of poultry wastes discharge from a nearby poultry farm on the physico-chemical and microbiological water quality of Olosuru Stream, Ikire, Southwestern Nigeria. Five sampling stations (designated A, B, C, D and E) each located at 250 m interval along the course of the stream were selected for the study. The physico-chemical parameters in the water body vary in concentration along spatial, monthly and seasonal variation of Olosuru stream. The patterns of spatial distribution of physico-chemical parameters measured for the stream were generally similar except for calcium and hardness which showed significant difference for the five stations. The overall mean values of most of the parameters investigated;pH (7.45 ± 0.24), conductivity (628.69 ± 255.95 μs/cm), TDS (377.3 ± 153.55 mg/L), sulphate (10.89 ± 2.37 mg/L), BOD5 (3.19 ± 2.35 mg/L), cadmium, arsenic, manganese, total heterotrophic bacteria count (15,080.67 ± 20,250.67 cfu/ml), total coliform bacteria count (3226 ± 8426.70 cfu/ml) and total heterotrophic fungi count (2567.4 ± 7652.12 cfu/ml) were negatively impacted by poultry wastes dumping into the stream. The concentrations of most parameters exceeded recommended permissible limits of the Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water and World Health Organization for freshwater quality. The water source is therefore deemed not potable and poses hazards to public health if consumed without treatment. There is urgent need for improved management strategies of this water resource for continued sustainability.
文摘In this paper, the preparation and application of copolymers of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfo acid (AMPS) were discussed. The results showed that the copolymers with molecular weight 18.10 million can be prepared. In treating waste water from deinked pulp, the dosage of copolymers was 0.75ppm, the optimum dosage of PAC was 100ppm; dosage of the amphoteric polyacylamide (AmPAM) with molecular weight 11.34 million was 0.75ppm, the optimum dosage of PAC was 75ppm. The removed rate of CODcr was above 70%.
