Non-melanoma skin cancer(NMSC) is one of the most common cancers in the US, although the role of obesity in skin cancer remains unclear. In vivo studies have consistently demonstrated that obese mice challenged with U...Non-melanoma skin cancer(NMSC) is one of the most common cancers in the US, although the role of obesity in skin cancer remains unclear. In vivo studies have consistently demonstrated that obese mice challenged with UVB radiation show increased skin tumorigenesis in comparison with leaner control mice. Growing evidence suggests that enhanced inflammation, oxidative stress and impaired apoptosis may play important roles in the development of skin cancer. Interventions such as voluntary exercise and the surgical removal of parametrial fat have been demonstrated to be effective in reducing adipose tissue that may influence the development of skin cancer; however, these interventions are not achievable in all obese patients. Therefore, the use of dietary natural phytochemicals that may modify and reverse the deregulated molecular and epigenetic events related to obesity and cancer development might represent a potential therapeutic modality due to their potential efficacy and low toxicity. In this review, we aim to provide the molecular and epigenetic basis of the NMSC-obesity relationship and to highlight the potential anti-cancer chemopreventive benefits of dietary phytochemicals such as sulforaphane and epigallocatechin-3-gallate.展开更多
The pathophysiology of skin cancer is complex,with multiple factors contributing to its development.The proactive treatment of skin cancer has been investigated in the form of chemoprevention of cutaneous malignancies...The pathophysiology of skin cancer is complex,with multiple factors contributing to its development.The proactive treatment of skin cancer has been investigated in the form of chemoprevention of cutaneous malignancies in clinical trials.Chemoprevention is the use of natural or pharmacologic agents that prevent or reverse skin cancer development.Multiple trials have arisen over the past decades to explore the efficacy of specific agents to halt the progression of UV radiation damage.This comprehensive review article aims to assess clinical trials performed with chemopreventive agents for melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers.The following compounds were most often used in these trials:nicotinamide,retinoids,polyphenolic antioxidants,COX-2 selective inhibitors,non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,difluoromethylornithine,and 5-fluorouracil.Many agents show promise in their ability to prevent nonmelanoma skin cancer formation,with few melanoma trials demonstrating efficacy.The chemoprevention efforts aimed at skin cancer are complex;current and future trials will be instrumental in identifying therapeutic agents that pose efficacy in halting cancer development and assessing whether long-term administration is tolerable.展开更多
基金Institutional funds,R01-CA118947 and R01-CA152826 from the National Cancer Institute(NCI)R01AT007065 from the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicines(NCCAM)and the Office of Dietary Supplements(ODS)
文摘Non-melanoma skin cancer(NMSC) is one of the most common cancers in the US, although the role of obesity in skin cancer remains unclear. In vivo studies have consistently demonstrated that obese mice challenged with UVB radiation show increased skin tumorigenesis in comparison with leaner control mice. Growing evidence suggests that enhanced inflammation, oxidative stress and impaired apoptosis may play important roles in the development of skin cancer. Interventions such as voluntary exercise and the surgical removal of parametrial fat have been demonstrated to be effective in reducing adipose tissue that may influence the development of skin cancer; however, these interventions are not achievable in all obese patients. Therefore, the use of dietary natural phytochemicals that may modify and reverse the deregulated molecular and epigenetic events related to obesity and cancer development might represent a potential therapeutic modality due to their potential efficacy and low toxicity. In this review, we aim to provide the molecular and epigenetic basis of the NMSC-obesity relationship and to highlight the potential anti-cancer chemopreventive benefits of dietary phytochemicals such as sulforaphane and epigallocatechin-3-gallate.
基金This work was supported by 1R01AR071157-01A1(NY)from the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases.
文摘The pathophysiology of skin cancer is complex,with multiple factors contributing to its development.The proactive treatment of skin cancer has been investigated in the form of chemoprevention of cutaneous malignancies in clinical trials.Chemoprevention is the use of natural or pharmacologic agents that prevent or reverse skin cancer development.Multiple trials have arisen over the past decades to explore the efficacy of specific agents to halt the progression of UV radiation damage.This comprehensive review article aims to assess clinical trials performed with chemopreventive agents for melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers.The following compounds were most often used in these trials:nicotinamide,retinoids,polyphenolic antioxidants,COX-2 selective inhibitors,non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,difluoromethylornithine,and 5-fluorouracil.Many agents show promise in their ability to prevent nonmelanoma skin cancer formation,with few melanoma trials demonstrating efficacy.The chemoprevention efforts aimed at skin cancer are complex;current and future trials will be instrumental in identifying therapeutic agents that pose efficacy in halting cancer development and assessing whether long-term administration is tolerable.
