Euler’s First-Order Explicit Method–Peridynamic Differential Operator for Solving Population Balance Equations of the Crystallization Process

Using Euler’s first-order explicit(EE)method and the peridynamic differential operator(PDDO)to discretize the time and internal crystal-size derivatives,respectively,the Euler’s first-order explicit method–peridynamic differential operator(EE–PDDO)was obtained for solving the one-dimensional population balance equation in crystallization.Four different conditions during crystallization were studied:size-independent growth,sizedependent growth in a batch process,nucleation and size-independent growth,and nucleation and size-dependent growth in a continuous process.The high accuracy of the EE–PDDO method was confirmed by comparing it with the numerical results obtained using the second-order upwind and HR-van methods.The method is characterized by non-oscillation and high accuracy,especially in the discontinuous and sharp crystal size distribution.The stability of the EE–PDDO method,choice of weight function in the PDDO method,and optimal time step are also discussed.

Energy Stable Nodal DG Methods for Maxwell’s Equations of Mixed-Order Form in Nonlinear Optical Media

In this work,we develop energy stable numerical methods to simulate electromagnetic waves propagating in optical media where the media responses include the linear Lorentz dispersion,the instantaneous nonlinear cubic Kerr response,and the nonlinear delayed Raman molecular vibrational response.Unlike the first-order PDE-ODE governing equations considered previously in Bokil et al.(J Comput Phys 350:420–452,2017)and Lyu et al.(J Sci Comput 89:1–42,2021),a model of mixed-order form is adopted here that consists of the first-order PDE part for Maxwell’s equations coupled with the second-order ODE part(i.e.,the auxiliary differential equations)modeling the linear and nonlinear dispersion in the material.The main contribution is a new numerical strategy to treat the Kerr and Raman nonlinearities to achieve provable energy stability property within a second-order temporal discretization.A nodal discontinuous Galerkin(DG)method is further applied in space for efficiently handling nonlinear terms at the algebraic level,while preserving the energy stability and achieving high-order accuracy.Indeed with d_(E)as the number of the components of the electric field,only a d_(E)×d_(E)nonlinear algebraic system needs to be solved at each interpolation node,and more importantly,all these small nonlinear systems are completely decoupled over one time step,rendering very high parallel efficiency.We evaluate the proposed schemes by comparing them with the methods in Bokil et al.(2017)and Lyu et al.(2021)(implemented in nodal form)regarding the accuracy,computational efficiency,and energy stability,by a parallel scalability study,and also through the simulations of the soliton-like wave propagation in one dimension,as well as the spatial-soliton propagation and two-beam interactions modeled by the two-dimensional transverse electric(TE)mode of the equations.

Research on the Application of Montessori Education Method in Cognitive Training of Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

Objective:To study the application of the Montessori education method in cognitive training in patients with Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Methods:40 cases of senile dementia patients who were admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to January 2023 were selected and randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group according to the single and double number table method,with 20 cases in each group.The intervention group used the Montessori education method,the principle of which was to implement individualized health interventions based on the individual conditions of the patients,for a period of 6 months;the control group was given conventional treatment and nursing of the disease.The Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)was used to compare the effects of the two groups of patients before and after health intervention and conduct statistical analysis.Results:The score of the intervention group was higher than that of the control group,and there was a statistical difference between the two(P<0.05).Conclusion:Implementing the Montessori education method for diagnosed Alzheimer’s patients can effectively improve their cognitive function and delay the progress of further dementia.

ADASYN与类别逆比例加权法在阿尔茨海默病不平衡数据中的应用

目的利用自适应合成抽样(adaptive synthetic sampling,ADASYN)与类别逆比例加权法处理类别不平衡数据,结合分类器构建模型对阿尔茨海默病(alzheimer′s disease,AD)患者疾病进程进行分类预测。方法数据源自阿尔茨海默病神经影像学计划(Alzheimer′s disease neuroimaging initiative,ADNI),经随机森林填补缺失值,弹性网络筛选特征子集后,利用ADASYN与类别逆比例加权法处理类别不平衡数据。分别结合随机森林(random forest,RF)、支持向量机(support vector machine,SVM)构建四种模型:ADASYN-RF、ADASYN-SVM、加权随机森林(weighted random forest,WRF)、加权支持向量机(weighted support vector machine,WSVM),与RF、SVM比较分类性能。模型评价指标为宏观平均精确率(macro-average of precision,macro-P)、宏观平均召回率(macro-average of recall,macro-R)、宏观平均F1值(macro-average of F1-score,macro-F1)、准确率(accuracy,ACC)、Kappa值和AUC(area under the ROC curve)。结果ADASYN-RF的分类性能最优(Kappa值为0.938,AUC为0.980),ADASYN-SVM次之。利用ADASYN-RF预测得到的重要分类特征分别为CDRSB、LDELTOTAL、MMSE,在临床上均可得到证实。结论ADASYN与类别逆比例加权法都能辅助提升分类器性能,但ADASYN算法更优。

电液3-UPS/S并联稳定平台参数振动特性分析

针对电液3-UPS/S并联稳定平台驱动液压缸的压力脉动所产生的参数振动,建立了稳定平台的参数振动方程并利用多尺度法求解了主共振响应与组合共振响应的一次近似解;分析了主共振与组合共振响应特性以及振动幅值在初始工作空间内的变化规律,最后采用四阶龙格库塔法与模态试验对参数振动模型进行验证。结果表明:数值解与理论解之间的最大误差为4.20%,固有频率理论值与试验值之间的最大误差为4.66%,可验证参数振动模型的正确性。

2024年1月23日乌什M_(S)7.1地震序列频谱偏移特征分析

采用P波初动方法计算了乌什M_(S)7.1地震序列中M_(S)≥4.0地震的震源机制解,震源机制解在时间上存在前期一致性较好,后期一致性紊乱的特点。空间上,乌什县内震源机制解类型多为逆冲型,阿合奇县内震源机制解类型多为走滑型。利用新疆地震台网数字波形资料和快速傅里叶变换方法,计算乌什M_(S)7.1地震序列中M_(S)≥5.0地震序列的频率谱,计算结果显示,乌什县内发生的5级余震前期有频谱偏移特征,最后一个5级地震频带变宽,频谱偏移特征消失;阿合奇县内发生的5级余震均出现了频谱偏移特征。

基于D-S证据理论改进AHP-熵权的流域洪涝灾害评估研究

考虑致灾因子危险性、孕灾环境敏感性以及承灾体易损性,选取指标构建小清河流域洪涝灾害风险评估指标体系,提出一种基于D-S证据理论的改进AHP-熵权法计算指标权重,求取洪涝灾害风险指数,运用自然断点分级法确定洪涝灾害风险等级,分析小清河流域洪涝灾害风险空间分布情况。结果表明:小清河流域洪涝灾害风险总体上表现出南低北高的趋势,其中高风险区和较高风险区分别占流域面积的8.7%和14.3%,主要分布在小清河干流以及主要支流两岸。所得评估结果同“利奇马”台风发生期间实际洪灾风险分布情况一致,对比证明基于D-S证据理论的改进AHP-熵权法优于AHP和熵权法,可为小清河流域防洪减灾决策提供依据。

Continuum Skyrme Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory with Green’s function method for neutron-rich Ca,Ni,Zr,and Sn isotopes

The possible exotic nuclear properties in the neutron-rich Ca,Ni,Zr,and Sn isotopes are examined with the continuum Skyrme Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory in the framework of the Green’s function method.The pairing correlation,the couplings with the continuum,and the blocking effects for the unpaired nucleon in odd-A nuclei are properly treated.The Skyrme interaction SLy4 is adopted for the ph channel and the density-dependentinteraction is adopted for the pp chan-nel,which well reproduce the experimental two-neutron separation energies S_(2n)and one-neutron separation energies Sn.It is found that the criterion S_(n)>0 predicts a neutron drip line with neutron numbers much smaller than those for S_(2n)>0.Owing to the unpaired odd neutron,the neutron pairing energies−E_(pair)in odd-A nuclei are much lower than those in the neighbor-ing even-even nuclei.By investigating the single-particle structures,the possible halo structures in the neutron-rich Ca,Ni,and Sn isotopes are predicted,where sharp increases in the root-mean-square(rms)radii with significant deviations from the traditional rA^(1∕3)rule and diffuse spatial density distributions are observed.Analyzing the contributions of various partial waves to the total neutron densityρlj(r)∕ρ(r)reveals that the orbitals located around the Fermi surface-particularly those with small angular momenta-significantly affect the extended nuclear density and large rms radii.The number of neutrons Nλ(N_(0))occupying above the Fermi surfacen(continuum threshold)is discussed,whose evolution as a function of the mass number A in each isotope is consistent with that of the pairing energy,supporting the key role of the pairing correlation in halo phenomena.

On the Approximation of Fractal-Fractional Differential Equations Using Numerical Inverse Laplace Transform Methods

Laplace transform is one of the powerful tools for solving differential equations in engineering and other science subjects.Using the Laplace transform for solving differential equations,however,sometimes leads to solutions in the Laplace domain that are not readily invertible to the real domain by analyticalmeans.Thus,we need numerical inversionmethods to convert the obtained solution fromLaplace domain to a real domain.In this paper,we propose a numerical scheme based on Laplace transform and numerical inverse Laplace transform for the approximate solution of fractal-fractional differential equations with orderα,β.Our proposed numerical scheme is based on three main steps.First,we convert the given fractal-fractional differential equation to fractional-differential equation in Riemann-Liouville sense,and then into Caputo sense.Secondly,we transformthe fractional differential equation in Caputo sense to an equivalent equation in Laplace space.Then the solution of the transformed equation is obtained in Laplace domain.Finally,the solution is converted into the real domain using numerical inversion of Laplace transform.Three inversion methods are evaluated in this paper,and their convergence is also discussed.Three test problems are used to validate the inversion methods.We demonstrate our results with the help of tables and figures.The obtained results show that Euler’s and Talbot’s methods performed better than Stehfest’s method.

Stochastic Programming for Hub Energy Management Considering Uncertainty Using Two-Point Estimate Method and Optimization Algorithm

To maximize energy profit with the participation of electricity,natural gas,and district heating networks in the day-ahead market,stochastic scheduling of energy hubs taking into account the uncertainty of photovoltaic and wind resources,has been carried out.This has been done using a new meta-heuristic algorithm,improved artificial rabbits optimization(IARO).In this study,the uncertainty of solar and wind energy sources is modeled using Hang’s two-point estimating method(TPEM).The IARO algorithm is applied to calculate the best capacity of hub energy equipment,such as solar and wind renewable energy sources,combined heat and power(CHP)systems,steamboilers,energy storage,and electric cars in the day-aheadmarket.The standard ARO algorithmis developed to mimic the foraging behavior of rabbits,and in this work,the algorithm’s effectiveness in avoiding premature convergence is improved by using the dystudynamic inertia weight technique.The proposed IARO-based scheduling framework’s performance is evaluated against that of traditional ARO,particle swarm optimization(PSO),and salp swarm algorithm(SSA).The findings show that,in comparison to previous approaches,the suggested meta-heuristic scheduling framework based on the IARO has increased energy profit in day-ahead electricity,gas,and heating markets by satisfying the operational and energy hub limitations.Additionally,the results show that TPEM approach dependability consideration decreased hub energy’s profit by 8.995%as compared to deterministic planning.

Establishment of Molecular Biological Method for Identification of Bacteria by 16S rDNA and gyrB Gene

[Objectives]The paper was to establish a molecular biological method for identification of bacterial strains.[Methods]The thalli of standard bacterial strains existing in the laboratory were collected and genomic DNA was extracted for amplification of 16S rDNA and gyrB gene.The 16S rDNA and gyrB gene sequences were obtained after sequencing.Sequences were aligned and analyzed via EzBioCloud and NCBI database,and phylogenetic trees were constructed to determine the species relationship of strains.Meantime,they were compared with known strains.[Results]This method could identify 5 standard strains accurately to the species level.The 16S rDNA and gyrB gene sequences were aligned and analyzed in EzBioCloud database and NCBI database.The strain with the max score was consistent with the known strain.And the query cover and ident were both above 99%.[Conclusions]The established molecular biological method for identification of bacterial strains by 16S rDNA and gyrB gene has good accuracy,which effectively solves the problem that the laboratory identification of bacteria relies on traditional methods and the accuracy can not be guaranteed,and further improves the identification ability of laboratory bacterial strains.

ASD与非ASD语言发育迟缓儿童的语言行为能力差异分析

目的通过比较孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)与非ASD语言发育迟缓儿童的各项语言行为能力,分析两者的特征差异。方法回顾收集2020年1月至2022年12月就诊的确诊为ASD(98例)和非ASD(122例)语言发育迟缓儿童的年龄、性别、ABC量表和S-S量表得分资料,对两组儿童的结果先进行单因素分析,对单因素分析有统计学差异的项目进行多因素二元logistic回归分析。结果经单因素分析,两组儿童年龄无统计学差异,其他项目包括性别,S-S交流态度能力、S-S操作性课题能力、S-S语言理解能力、S-S语言表达能力和ABC总分均有统计学差异(均P<0.05)。采用输入法把两组有差异的性别、S-S交流态度能力、S-S操作性课题能力、S-S语言理解能力、S-S语言表达能力和ABC总分共6个项目进行多因素二元logistic回归分析,结果表明S-S交流态度能力和ABC总分两个项目是区分两组儿童的独立影响因素(均P<0.05),S-S交流态度不良和ABC总分高均是危险因素。结论S-S交流态度能力和ABC总分是区分ASD和非ASD语言发育迟缓儿童的独立影响因素,临床上对于S-S交流态度不良及ABC总分高的语言发育迟缓儿童要高度警惕是否ASD儿童。

Model test of negative Poisson’s ratio cable for supporting super-largespan tunnel using excavation compensation method

In recent years,there is a scenario in urban tunnel constructions to build super-large-span tunnels for traffic diversion and route optimization purposes.However,the increased size makes tunnel support more difficult.Unfortunately,there are few studies on the failure and support mechanism of the surrounding rocks in the excavation of supported tunnel,while most model tests of super-large-span tunnels focus on the failure characteristics of surrounding rocks in tunnel excavation without supports.Based on excavation compensation method(ECM),model tests of a super-large-span tunnel excavation by different anchor cable support methods in the initial support stage were carried out.The results indicate that during excavation of super-large-span tunnel,the stress and displacement of the shallow surrounding rocks decrease,following a step-shape pattern,and the tunnel failure is mainly concentrated on the vault and spandrel areas.Compared with conventional anchor cable supports,the NPR(negative Poisson’s ratio)anchor cable support is more suitable for the initial support stage of the super-large-span tunnels.The tunnel support theory,model test materials,methods,and the results obtained in this study could provide references for study of similar super-large-span tunnels。

Adomian Modification Methods for the Solution of Chebyshev’s Differential Equations

The current study examines the important class of Chebyshev’s differential equations via the application of the efficient Adomian Decomposition Method (ADM) and its modifications. We have proved the effectiveness of the employed methods by acquiring exact analytical solutions for the governing equations in most cases;while minimal noisy error terms have been observed in a particular method modification. Above all, the presented approaches have rightly affirmed the exactitude of the available literature. More to the point, the application of this methodology could be extended to examine various forms of high-order differential equations, as approximate exact solutions are rapidly attained with less computation stress.

基于NSGA-Ⅱ算法的S-CO_(2)再压缩再热燃煤系统多目标优化

以S-CO_(2)再压缩再热循环燃煤发电热力系统为研究对象,以循环热效率ηt和平准化度电成本C LCOE为系统的热力性能和经济性能指标,分析了系统关键参数对系统热力和经济性能的影响规律。基于非支配排序遗传(NSGA-II)算法建立了S-CO_(2)再压缩再热循环燃煤发电热力系统的多目标优化模型,以系统的热力学性能和经济性为目标,得到了系统关键参数的最优解。最后,以再热温度、透平入口温度、主压缩机出口压力、再热压力、主压缩机入口压力、主压缩机入口温度、分流系数为决策变量,对系统进行多目标优化。结果表明:透平入口温度、再热温度的升高会使系统的循环效率和平准化度电成本同时增大,系统的热力性和经济性不能同时达到最优;多目标优化后ηt和C LCOE分别为53.07%、453.43元/(MW·h),相较于设计工况,ηt提高了5.42%,C_(LCOE)降低了5.91%。

基于PI方法的华北2019年以来3次M_(S)≥5.0地震回溯性预测研究

本文应用图像信息(PI)方法对2023年山东平原M_(S)5.5地震、2021年江苏大丰海域M_(S)5.0地震和2020年河北古冶M_(S)5.1地震进行了回溯性预测研究。以华北局部(32°N~42°N,114°E~122°E)为研究区域,在网格尺度分别为0.5°×0.5°和1.0°×1.0°且预测窗长为5 a的两组参数模型下,获取2019—2027年逐年滑动的预测窗热点演化图像。结果显示,当网格尺度为1.0°×1.0°时,PI热点效果优于0.5°×0.5°网格,且对平原地震和大丰海域地震的发震位置指示作用较好。当时间窗长和归一化阈值绝对值同时增大,个别窗口存在古冶地震的有效热点,但未找到热点能同时覆盖3个地震震中所在网格的参数模型。不同参数模型下的PI热点显示,未来3~4 a郯庐断裂带渤海段存在发生M_(S)≥5.0地震的风险。本文研究结果对于华北局部地区M_(S)≥5.0地震危险性分析具有一定的参考意义。

Solution of Laguerre’s Differential Equations via Modified Adomian Decomposition Method

This paper presents a technique for obtaining an exact solution for the well-known Laguerre’s differential equations that arise in the modeling of several phenomena in quantum mechanics and engineering. We utilize an efficient procedure based on the modified Adomian decomposition method to obtain closed-form solutions of the Laguerre’s and the associated Laguerre’s differential equations. The proposed technique makes sense as the attitudes of the acquired solutions towards the neighboring singular points are correctly taken care of.

基于S-CAD法的县域新型城镇化发展规划方案评估研究——以陕西省佳县为例

规划方案作为相关利益主体价值观的直接体现,应当在规划评估中予以重视。基于城乡规划的公共政策属性,采用S-CAD政策评估方法,以陕西省佳县的《新型城镇化与城乡统筹规划》文本为例,选取规划编制与实施主体——政府作为主导视角,对规划文本的内容进行解构,在此基础上进行规划立场、目标、手段与预期结果的一致性、充要性与依赖性分析。研究发现:一、该规划文本自身的逻辑性较强,各个环节存在基本的对应关系;二、规划文本当中对于产业发展以及由此带来的人口问题、基础设施与公共服务设施问题的解决方案描述较多,对于生态环境保护、交通环境改善以及人口流动的实质性解决方案相对较少,逻辑上存在一定的漏洞,需进一步完善逻辑链条。基于此,提出建立城乡规划全过程评估体系及重视多元利益主体协调关系的建议,以期为相关规划的编制与评估工作提供参考。

Route Search Method for Railway Replacement Buses Adopting Ant Colony Optimization

In recent years, Japan, and especially rural areas have faced the growing problems of debt-ridden local railway lines along with the population decline and aging population. Therefore, it is best to consider the discontinuation of local railway lines and introduce replacement buses to secure the transportation methods of the local people especially in rural areas. Based on the above background, targeting local railway lines that may be discontinued in the near future, appropriate bus stops when provided with potential bus stops were selected, the present study proposed a method that introduces routes for railway replacement buses adopting ant colony optimization (ACO). The improved ACO was designed and developed based on the requirements set concerning the route length, number of turns, road width, accessibility of railway lines and zones without bus stops as well as the constraint conditions concerning the route length, number of turns and zones without bus stops. Original road network data were generated and processed adopting a geographic information systems (GIS), and these are used to search for the optimal route for railway replacement buses adopting the improved ACO concerning the 8 zones on the target railway line (JR Kakogawa line). By comparing the improved ACO with Dijkstra’s algorithm, its relevance was verified and areas needing further improvements were revealed.

Synthesis of Al2S3/MoS2 Nanocomposite by Electrochemical Method: Correlation for Photodegradation of Trichloroacetic Acid, Chloroacetic Acid, Acetic Acid and Study of Antibacterial Efficiency

Al2S3/MoS2 nanocomposite has been synthesized through electrochemical method and characterized by UV-Visible spectroscopy, XRD, SEM and EDAX data. UV-Visible spectroscopy measurements reveal that the Al2S3/MoS2 nanocomposite has maximum absorption at 353.04 nm and this peak position reflects the band gap of particles and it is found to be 2.51 eV which was calculated using Tauc plot. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) reveals crystaline size to be 49.85 nm which was calculated using Williamson-Hall (W-H) plot method. Photocatalytic degradation of acetic acid, chloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid has been studied by volumetric method using NaOH solution. Photocatalytic degradation of chloroacetic acid and acetic acid follows first order kinetics. The photodegradation efficiency for Al2S3/MoS2 nanocomposite was found to be ≈97.8%. A Taft linear free energy relationship is noted for the catalysed reaction with ρ* = 0.233 and indicating electron withdrawing groups enhance the rate. An isokinetic relation is observed with β = 358 K indicating that enthalpy factor controls the reaction rate. The result of this paper suggests the possibility of degradation of organic compounds, industrial effluants and toxic organic compounds by photodegradation process by ecofriendly Al2S3/ MoS2. The antibacterial activity of Al2S3/MoS2 nanocomposite was investigated. These particles were shown to have an effective bactericide.