[Objectives]This study was conducted to identify the microscopic characteristics of Chenopodium album L.[Methods]The microscopic identification method was adopted.[Results]The xylem vessels and fiber bundles of the ro...[Objectives]This study was conducted to identify the microscopic characteristics of Chenopodium album L.[Methods]The microscopic identification method was adopted.[Results]The xylem vessels and fiber bundles of the roots are arranged into 3-4 intermittent ring belts in a concave-convex pattern,alternately with the parenchymal cell ring belts;and the xylem rays vary in width.The cross section of the stems is polygonal;there are parenchyma cells at the corners of the cortex;there are many vascular bundles of varying sizes;and calcium oxalate clusters are common in the medulla and cortex.There are 2 to 4 vascular bundles in the main leaf vein,peltate;and fiber bundles exist below the phloem.The powder is characterized by numerous clusters of calcium oxalate,which are uniform in size,sharp at edges and corners.[Conclusions]This study can provide reference for the identification and quality standard of the crude drug.展开更多
Low-pressure discharge is applied for stimulation of germination of two seed lots of Lamb＇s Quarters （Chenopodium album agg.） with different starting germinations （17%, 8%） and in different stages of dormancy. Di...Low-pressure discharge is applied for stimulation of germination of two seed lots of Lamb＇s Quarters （Chenopodium album agg.） with different starting germinations （17%, 8%） and in different stages of dormancy. Different exposition durations with cold plasma treatment were applied. The variable of the ratio cumulative germination was calculated. The Richards＇ equation was used for curve-fitting and simulation of the growth curves. Population parameters, namely Vi - viability, Me - time, Qu - dispersion, and Sk - skewness, counted from the curves described the germination rate well. Significant differences among Qu confirmed the erratic dormancy and gradual germination of Lamb＇s Quarters. No difference in the Me parameter was found between two tested seed lots, and no interspecies characteristics were changed using low-pressure discharge. The results suggested that plasma treatment changed seed germination in Lamb＇s Quarters seeds.展开更多
We studied the effects of different culture media on the growth of India sandalwood （Santalum album L.） seedlings in Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province in southern China. Five different growth substrates, lateritic subso...We studied the effects of different culture media on the growth of India sandalwood （Santalum album L.） seedlings in Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province in southern China. Five different growth substrates, lateritic subsoil, burnt soil, agricultural soil, peaty soil and coconut dust, were used as the basic culture materials and seven different treatments of composition were used as potting media. Kuhnia rosmarinifolia Vent. was used as a primary host plant for all treatments. Statistically significant differences were found between treatments in respects of survival rate （p 〈 0.001）, height （p 〈 0.001）, ground diameter （p 〈 0.001） and biomass （p = 0.002）, as well as for quality index （p 〈 0.001） of S. album seedlings after 6-month growth in containers with different culture media. Among all treatments, the treatment combining burnt soil, peat and coconut dust in a weight ratio of 1：1：1 plus 2% calcium super-phosphate as basal manure achieved the best performance for most of the seedling growth parameters, including survival rate （98%）, height （35.81 cm）, ground diameter （0.56 cm）, biomass （4.46 g） and quality index （0.65）, followed by the treatment using only burnt soil plus 2% calcium super-phosphate as the culture medium （survival rate 86%, height 29.23 cm, ground diameter 0.48 cm, biomass 3.36 g and quality index 0.52）, while the treatment using only lateritic subsoil plus the basal manure as the medium obtained the poorest results in survival rate （38%）, height （12.04 cm）, ground diameter （0.19 cm）, biomass （0.26 g） and quality index （0.043）. Increasing the proportion of lateritic subsoil in the medium when mixed with peat and coconut dust did not show statistically significant differences in survival, height, ground diameter, biomass nor in quality index. In consideration of cost, using burnt soil plus 2% calcium super-phosphate as basal manure may be the optimum culture medium for large-scale production of Indian sandal- wood seedlings in Guangdong, southern China.展开更多
The genus Chenopodium comprises about 150 species, of which Chenopodium quinoa and C. album are important for their nutritional value. Evaluation of variation in qualitative morphological traits of plants and SNPs in ...The genus Chenopodium comprises about 150 species, of which Chenopodium quinoa and C. album are important for their nutritional value. Evaluation of variation in qualitative morphological traits of plants and SNPs in chloroplast rbc L and mat K gene sequences in 19 accessions representing C. quinoa and C. album indicated that the accessions IC-411824 and IC-411825,which have white seeds, belong to C. quinoa rather than C. album. This observation was also supported by a time tree that indicated IC-411824 and IC-411825 to be a sister clade to accessions of C. quinoa with an estimated age of 1.2 Mya. Whereas multiple alignments of rbc L gene sequences from the 19 accessions revealed 1.26% parsimony-informative sites with 0.68%interspecific sequence diversity, alignment of nucleotide sequences of amplicons representing the mat K gene revealed 4.97% parsimony-informative sites and 2.81% interspecific sequence diversity. Validation of SNPs in the cp rbc L and mat K regions of 36 accessions belonging to C. quinoa and C. album was performed by allele-specific PCR with primers carrying a single base change at the 3′ end. We report the first C. quinoa-specific SNP-based primer, R1RQ-AFR,designed from rbc L sequences, that could differentiate quinoa from 64 genera including13 species of the genus Chenopodium. With an estimated age of 10.5–4.1 million years(Myr), the Himalayan chenopods are evolutionarily younger than the Andean chenopods. The results establish the paraphyletic origin of the genus Chenopodium.展开更多
白果槲寄生是桑寄生科槲寄生属白果槲寄生(Viscum album L.)的新鲜带叶茎枝和果实,中国无分布。在欧洲被广泛应用于癌症的治疗,被列入《美国顺势疗法药典》《德国顺势疗法药典》等。目前,以白果槲寄生提取物为主要原料的海利升注射液已...白果槲寄生是桑寄生科槲寄生属白果槲寄生(Viscum album L.)的新鲜带叶茎枝和果实,中国无分布。在欧洲被广泛应用于癌症的治疗,被列入《美国顺势疗法药典》《德国顺势疗法药典》等。目前,以白果槲寄生提取物为主要原料的海利升注射液已作为进口的天然药物进入我国临床,主要用于肺癌、乳腺癌、卵巢癌辅助治疗。通过总结分析白果槲寄生科学研究文献,结合中医理论对其中药药性进行探讨。通过对白果槲寄生的活性成分、临床应用、药理作用等文献分类研究,归纳出白果槲寄生具有抗癌和提高癌症患者生命质量、降血糖、降血压、抗氧化、抗癫痫等药理作用;依据临床应用和使用情况,结合中药药性理论,经过综合分析研究赋予了白果槲寄生中药药性。白果槲寄生的性味归经为性平味甘;归肝、肾、脾经。功效为解毒散结、平肝潜阳、益气养阴,可用于治疗癥瘕积聚,肝阳上亢,痫证,津伤口渴,内热消渴等。供配制成药用(皮下注射),建议从1 mL 0.000 1 mg开始,每周注射次数根据患者情况决定。展开更多
基金Supported by General Project of Guangxi Science and Technology Department(2020GXNSFAA259043)Yao Medicine Quality Standard Project(MZY2017001)+1 种基金First-class Discipline in Guangxi of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology(GJKY[2018]12)Fund of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine(05018028F2)。
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to identify the microscopic characteristics of Chenopodium album L.[Methods]The microscopic identification method was adopted.[Results]The xylem vessels and fiber bundles of the roots are arranged into 3-4 intermittent ring belts in a concave-convex pattern,alternately with the parenchymal cell ring belts;and the xylem rays vary in width.The cross section of the stems is polygonal;there are parenchyma cells at the corners of the cortex;there are many vascular bundles of varying sizes;and calcium oxalate clusters are common in the medulla and cortex.There are 2 to 4 vascular bundles in the main leaf vein,peltate;and fiber bundles exist below the phloem.The powder is characterized by numerous clusters of calcium oxalate,which are uniform in size,sharp at edges and corners.[Conclusions]This study can provide reference for the identification and quality standard of the crude drug.
基金supported by the Institutional Research Plan No.AV0Z60870520(erá)the research plans MSM 0021620834(Tichy)MSM 4674788501(patenka) that are financed by the Ministry of Education,Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic
文摘Low-pressure discharge is applied for stimulation of germination of two seed lots of Lamb＇s Quarters （Chenopodium album agg.） with different starting germinations （17%, 8%） and in different stages of dormancy. Different exposition durations with cold plasma treatment were applied. The variable of the ratio cumulative germination was calculated. The Richards＇ equation was used for curve-fitting and simulation of the growth curves. Population parameters, namely Vi - viability, Me - time, Qu - dispersion, and Sk - skewness, counted from the curves described the germination rate well. Significant differences among Qu confirmed the erratic dormancy and gradual germination of Lamb＇s Quarters. No difference in the Me parameter was found between two tested seed lots, and no interspecies characteristics were changed using low-pressure discharge. The results suggested that plasma treatment changed seed germination in Lamb＇s Quarters seeds.
基金sponsored by the National Science and Technology Support Project "High efficient cultivation techniques of sandalwood plantation in south China (2006BAD24B0903)" a "Special construction project for improved variety experiment orchard (4400-32990190)".
文摘We studied the effects of different culture media on the growth of India sandalwood （Santalum album L.） seedlings in Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province in southern China. Five different growth substrates, lateritic subsoil, burnt soil, agricultural soil, peaty soil and coconut dust, were used as the basic culture materials and seven different treatments of composition were used as potting media. Kuhnia rosmarinifolia Vent. was used as a primary host plant for all treatments. Statistically significant differences were found between treatments in respects of survival rate （p 〈 0.001）, height （p 〈 0.001）, ground diameter （p 〈 0.001） and biomass （p = 0.002）, as well as for quality index （p 〈 0.001） of S. album seedlings after 6-month growth in containers with different culture media. Among all treatments, the treatment combining burnt soil, peat and coconut dust in a weight ratio of 1：1：1 plus 2% calcium super-phosphate as basal manure achieved the best performance for most of the seedling growth parameters, including survival rate （98%）, height （35.81 cm）, ground diameter （0.56 cm）, biomass （4.46 g） and quality index （0.65）, followed by the treatment using only burnt soil plus 2% calcium super-phosphate as the culture medium （survival rate 86%, height 29.23 cm, ground diameter 0.48 cm, biomass 3.36 g and quality index 0.52）, while the treatment using only lateritic subsoil plus the basal manure as the medium obtained the poorest results in survival rate （38%）, height （12.04 cm）, ground diameter （0.19 cm）, biomass （0.26 g） and quality index （0.043）. Increasing the proportion of lateritic subsoil in the medium when mixed with peat and coconut dust did not show statistically significant differences in survival, height, ground diameter, biomass nor in quality index. In consideration of cost, using burnt soil plus 2% calcium super-phosphate as basal manure may be the optimum culture medium for large-scale production of Indian sandal- wood seedlings in Guangdong, southern China.
基金Financial support received from Department of Biotechnology,Government of India vide grant No.BT/PR-8953/BCE/08/533/2007project sanctioned against grant No.BT/04/NE/2009financial support from Department of Science&Technology,Government of India in the form of a research fellowship under the INSPIRE program
文摘The genus Chenopodium comprises about 150 species, of which Chenopodium quinoa and C. album are important for their nutritional value. Evaluation of variation in qualitative morphological traits of plants and SNPs in chloroplast rbc L and mat K gene sequences in 19 accessions representing C. quinoa and C. album indicated that the accessions IC-411824 and IC-411825,which have white seeds, belong to C. quinoa rather than C. album. This observation was also supported by a time tree that indicated IC-411824 and IC-411825 to be a sister clade to accessions of C. quinoa with an estimated age of 1.2 Mya. Whereas multiple alignments of rbc L gene sequences from the 19 accessions revealed 1.26% parsimony-informative sites with 0.68%interspecific sequence diversity, alignment of nucleotide sequences of amplicons representing the mat K gene revealed 4.97% parsimony-informative sites and 2.81% interspecific sequence diversity. Validation of SNPs in the cp rbc L and mat K regions of 36 accessions belonging to C. quinoa and C. album was performed by allele-specific PCR with primers carrying a single base change at the 3′ end. We report the first C. quinoa-specific SNP-based primer, R1RQ-AFR,designed from rbc L sequences, that could differentiate quinoa from 64 genera including13 species of the genus Chenopodium. With an estimated age of 10.5–4.1 million years(Myr), the Himalayan chenopods are evolutionarily younger than the Andean chenopods. The results establish the paraphyletic origin of the genus Chenopodium.
文摘白果槲寄生是桑寄生科槲寄生属白果槲寄生(Viscum album L.)的新鲜带叶茎枝和果实,中国无分布。在欧洲被广泛应用于癌症的治疗,被列入《美国顺势疗法药典》《德国顺势疗法药典》等。目前,以白果槲寄生提取物为主要原料的海利升注射液已作为进口的天然药物进入我国临床,主要用于肺癌、乳腺癌、卵巢癌辅助治疗。通过总结分析白果槲寄生科学研究文献,结合中医理论对其中药药性进行探讨。通过对白果槲寄生的活性成分、临床应用、药理作用等文献分类研究,归纳出白果槲寄生具有抗癌和提高癌症患者生命质量、降血糖、降血压、抗氧化、抗癫痫等药理作用;依据临床应用和使用情况,结合中药药性理论,经过综合分析研究赋予了白果槲寄生中药药性。白果槲寄生的性味归经为性平味甘;归肝、肾、脾经。功效为解毒散结、平肝潜阳、益气养阴,可用于治疗癥瘕积聚,肝阳上亢,痫证,津伤口渴,内热消渴等。供配制成药用(皮下注射),建议从1 mL 0.000 1 mg开始,每周注射次数根据患者情况决定。
