The growth and development of staminate inflorescence and anatomic structure of male chestnut flower were observed. Results showed that staminate in-florescence on the base of branch formed first, then upward successi...The growth and development of staminate inflorescence and anatomic structure of male chestnut flower were observed. Results showed that staminate in-florescence on the base of branch formed first, then upward successively. About 50 days were needed from the formation of staminate inflorescence on the base of branch to ful y develop the staminate inflorescence on the top of the branch. On the same staminate inflorescence, male flower clusters of the base formed first, then upward successively. About 20 days were needed from the formation of stami-nate inflorescence on the base of the male flower cluster to ful y develop the stami-nate inflorescence on the top of the branch. 5-7 male flowers forming a cluster, the flower number in a cluster was odd number usual y, and there was one on the top and each two paral el y arranged downward. The flower on the top came into bloom first, and then downward successively. The flowers paral el y arranged came into bloom at the same time. Sporangium of male flower of chestnut was monolocular. There were a large number of pol en grains in the sporangium. There were large differences between the development process of different sporangium in one male flower. Chestnut had larger quantity of male flowers and pol en and long period of pol ination compared with female flower. It is remained to be further studied whether it was necessary for anemophilous pol ination.展开更多
In order to improve the yield and quality of 5 new Castanea mollissima varieties “Zipo”, “Zunyu” and traditional Yan Mountain Castanea mollissima cultivars “Duanci”, “Yanhong” and “Donglingmingzhu”, we carri...In order to improve the yield and quality of 5 new Castanea mollissima varieties “Zipo”, “Zunyu” and traditional Yan Mountain Castanea mollissima cultivars “Duanci”, “Yanhong” and “Donglingmingzhu”, we carried out an experiment to study effect from different varieties configuration on yield of Yan Mountain chestnut. The result indicated that: cross-pollination had a significant impact on both fruiting rate and seed-setting rate;cross-pollination improved the nut number in each burr of each variety, in which “Duanci” was the biggest beneficiary, whose number of nut per burr increased from 1.08 to 2.77, 156% higher than that of the self-pollination combination;nut weight showed no significant difference in Xenia Effection;“Zunyu” improved the yield of “Yanhong” most;“Donglingmingzhu” was regarded as the best tree to improve “Zunyu”’s yield;the best variety to improve yield of “Zipo” was “Zunyu”;“Donglingmingzhu” and “Duanci” improved yield of each other most.展开更多
In order to explore moldy mechanism of chestnut from Luotian County in storage process,the strains of pathogenic fungi were isolated from chestnuts after storage at room temperature for 70d.Six genera of fungi were fo...In order to explore moldy mechanism of chestnut from Luotian County in storage process,the strains of pathogenic fungi were isolated from chestnuts after storage at room temperature for 70d.Six genera of fungi were found in chestnut through experimental identification,which were Ozoniumsp.,Fusarium sp.,Aspergillus sp.,Penicilliumsp.,Rhiopus sp.and Stachybotrys sp.,respectively.The re-inoculation tests had been conducted on pathogenic fungi whose isolating rate was greater than 10%.The result showed that the rest genera of fungi generally had no pathogenicity except Penicilliumsp.could infect non-injured chestnut with a lower moldy rate and lighter symptoms;but the moldy rate of strains was above 60% in injured inoculation and they showed heavy symptoms,among which the moldy rate of Ozoniumsp.and Aspergillus sp.were higher than 80%.The experimental results showed that injured chestnut were more likely to decay.Ozoniumsp.and Aspergillus sp.were important pathogenic fungi causing decay during storage process of chestnut.展开更多
The contents of endogenous hormones and nutrients were determined for the ovary of normal chestnut and empty\|shell chestnut.the results showed that,the contents of endogenous GA 1+3 ,iPA\-S and the ratio of (GA 1+3 +...The contents of endogenous hormones and nutrients were determined for the ovary of normal chestnut and empty\|shell chestnut.the results showed that,the contents of endogenous GA 1+3 ,iPA\-S and the ratio of (GA 1+3 +iPA\-S)/ABA in normal chestnut ovary showed as a “Double peaks” pattern,while the content of endogenous ABA in ovary tended to reversely change by a small range.In contrast,the endogenous hormone contents and their ratio in empty\|shell chestnut ovary showed no obvious peak,the contents of endogenous GA 1+3 iPA\-s and the ratio of (GA 1+3 +iPA\-S)/ABA appeared a descending trend while the endogenous ABA content appeared an ascending trend during whole embryo developmental period.The contents of reducing sugar,starch,protein,amino acids,phosphorus and potassium in empty\|shell chestnut ovary started to decline or maintained in a declining state on the 45th day after bloom(early\|July),meanwhile,those in normal chestnut ovary tended to rise up or remained high level.It is suggested that the declines of endogenous GA 1+3 ,iPA\-S contents and the ascending of endogenous ABA content lead to the low levels of reducing sugar,starch,protein,amino acids,phosphorus and potassium in ovary,which consequently cause an empty\|shell formation.展开更多
为研究燕山板栗的遗传多样性,用扩增片段长度多态性(amplified fragment length polymorphism,AFLP)技术对44份板栗种质的遗传多样性及遗传距离进行分析,其中36份原产燕山地区的种质中有18份为野生种质和18份为栽培品种,另外8份为原产...为研究燕山板栗的遗传多样性,用扩增片段长度多态性(amplified fragment length polymorphism,AFLP)技术对44份板栗种质的遗传多样性及遗传距离进行分析,其中36份原产燕山地区的种质中有18份为野生种质和18份为栽培品种,另外8份为原产山东的品种。共检测了384个AFLP位点,有217个是多态性位点,占56.5%,这表明了所检测的板栗材料中存在着明显的遗传多样性。用NTSYS软件对44份板栗种质进行聚类分析。所有材料聚成4个类群,其中燕山地区原产的板栗材料被聚为3个类群,山东起源的被聚类为1个独立的类群。在所分析的44份材料中,遗传距离在0.0292和0.2214之间。燕山板栗和外来板栗存在着明显的差异,本研究结果与本实验室用RAPD技术分析的结果是一致的。结果对这些板栗材料在育种中的应用具有重要指导意义。展开更多
基金Supported by the Major Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2010CBB03901)the Key Project of the Industry-University-Research Cooperation Program of the Education Department of Hubei Province(C2010060)+3 种基金the Demonstration Project of the Forestry Scientific and Technical Extension of the Central Finance in 2011(2011BH0032)the Open Fund Project of the Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement Resources Comprehensive Utilization of Hubei Province(2013000503)the Industry-University-Research Cooperation Program of Huanggang Normal University(2012025703)the Postdoctoral Fund of Jiangsu Province(1402115C)~~
文摘The growth and development of staminate inflorescence and anatomic structure of male chestnut flower were observed. Results showed that staminate in-florescence on the base of branch formed first, then upward successively. About 50 days were needed from the formation of staminate inflorescence on the base of branch to ful y develop the staminate inflorescence on the top of the branch. On the same staminate inflorescence, male flower clusters of the base formed first, then upward successively. About 20 days were needed from the formation of stami-nate inflorescence on the base of the male flower cluster to ful y develop the stami-nate inflorescence on the top of the branch. 5-7 male flowers forming a cluster, the flower number in a cluster was odd number usual y, and there was one on the top and each two paral el y arranged downward. The flower on the top came into bloom first, and then downward successively. The flowers paral el y arranged came into bloom at the same time. Sporangium of male flower of chestnut was monolocular. There were a large number of pol en grains in the sporangium. There were large differences between the development process of different sporangium in one male flower. Chestnut had larger quantity of male flowers and pol en and long period of pol ination compared with female flower. It is remained to be further studied whether it was necessary for anemophilous pol ination.
文摘In order to improve the yield and quality of 5 new Castanea mollissima varieties “Zipo”, “Zunyu” and traditional Yan Mountain Castanea mollissima cultivars “Duanci”, “Yanhong” and “Donglingmingzhu”, we carried out an experiment to study effect from different varieties configuration on yield of Yan Mountain chestnut. The result indicated that: cross-pollination had a significant impact on both fruiting rate and seed-setting rate;cross-pollination improved the nut number in each burr of each variety, in which “Duanci” was the biggest beneficiary, whose number of nut per burr increased from 1.08 to 2.77, 156% higher than that of the self-pollination combination;nut weight showed no significant difference in Xenia Effection;“Zunyu” improved the yield of “Yanhong” most;“Donglingmingzhu” was regarded as the best tree to improve “Zunyu”’s yield;the best variety to improve yield of “Zipo” was “Zunyu”;“Donglingmingzhu” and “Duanci” improved yield of each other most.
基金Supported by Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2010CBB03901)Key Project of Production-study-research Cooperation Fund for University by Hubei Education Department(C2010060)Forestry Science Technique Extension and Demonstration Project of Central Budget in 2011(2011BH0032)
文摘In order to explore moldy mechanism of chestnut from Luotian County in storage process,the strains of pathogenic fungi were isolated from chestnuts after storage at room temperature for 70d.Six genera of fungi were found in chestnut through experimental identification,which were Ozoniumsp.,Fusarium sp.,Aspergillus sp.,Penicilliumsp.,Rhiopus sp.and Stachybotrys sp.,respectively.The re-inoculation tests had been conducted on pathogenic fungi whose isolating rate was greater than 10%.The result showed that the rest genera of fungi generally had no pathogenicity except Penicilliumsp.could infect non-injured chestnut with a lower moldy rate and lighter symptoms;but the moldy rate of strains was above 60% in injured inoculation and they showed heavy symptoms,among which the moldy rate of Ozoniumsp.and Aspergillus sp.were higher than 80%.The experimental results showed that injured chestnut were more likely to decay.Ozoniumsp.and Aspergillus sp.were important pathogenic fungi causing decay during storage process of chestnut.
文摘The contents of endogenous hormones and nutrients were determined for the ovary of normal chestnut and empty\|shell chestnut.the results showed that,the contents of endogenous GA 1+3 ,iPA\-S and the ratio of (GA 1+3 +iPA\-S)/ABA in normal chestnut ovary showed as a “Double peaks” pattern,while the content of endogenous ABA in ovary tended to reversely change by a small range.In contrast,the endogenous hormone contents and their ratio in empty\|shell chestnut ovary showed no obvious peak,the contents of endogenous GA 1+3 iPA\-s and the ratio of (GA 1+3 +iPA\-S)/ABA appeared a descending trend while the endogenous ABA content appeared an ascending trend during whole embryo developmental period.The contents of reducing sugar,starch,protein,amino acids,phosphorus and potassium in empty\|shell chestnut ovary started to decline or maintained in a declining state on the 45th day after bloom(early\|July),meanwhile,those in normal chestnut ovary tended to rise up or remained high level.It is suggested that the declines of endogenous GA 1+3 ,iPA\-S contents and the ascending of endogenous ABA content lead to the low levels of reducing sugar,starch,protein,amino acids,phosphorus and potassium in ovary,which consequently cause an empty\|shell formation.
文摘为研究燕山板栗的遗传多样性,用扩增片段长度多态性(amplified fragment length polymorphism,AFLP)技术对44份板栗种质的遗传多样性及遗传距离进行分析,其中36份原产燕山地区的种质中有18份为野生种质和18份为栽培品种,另外8份为原产山东的品种。共检测了384个AFLP位点,有217个是多态性位点,占56.5%,这表明了所检测的板栗材料中存在着明显的遗传多样性。用NTSYS软件对44份板栗种质进行聚类分析。所有材料聚成4个类群,其中燕山地区原产的板栗材料被聚为3个类群,山东起源的被聚类为1个独立的类群。在所分析的44份材料中,遗传距离在0.0292和0.2214之间。燕山板栗和外来板栗存在着明显的差异,本研究结果与本实验室用RAPD技术分析的结果是一致的。结果对这些板栗材料在育种中的应用具有重要指导意义。
